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(共36张PPT)
Tenses & Voices
Leading-in.
We were both young when I first saw you
I close my eyes and the flashback starts
I'm standing there
On a balcony in summer air
See the lights, see the party, the ball gowns
See you make your way through the crowd
And say "Hello"
Little did I know
That you were Romeo, you were throwing pebbles
And my daddy said, "Stay away from Juliet"
And I was crying on the staircase
Begging you, "Please don't go"
And I said, "Romeo take me somewhere we can be alone
I'll be waiting, all there's left to do is run
You'll be the prince, and I'll be the princess
It's a love story, baby, just say yes"
How many tenses are here
We were both young when I first saw you
I close my eyes and the flashback starts
I'm standing there
That you were Romeo, you were throwing pebbles
I'll be waiting, all there's left to do is run
一般过去时
一般现在时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
Tenses
one.
现在 过去 将来 过去将来
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
时间
状态
do/does/
am is are
am/is/are doing
have/has done
did/was were
was/were doing
had done
shall/will do
be going to do
should/would do
have/has been doing
一般现在时
1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态；
2. 表示客观真理、客观存在、科学事实、俗语等；
3. 在时间和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来（主将从现）；
4. 书报的标体，故事的叙述，小说、戏剧、电影等情节介绍
01丨Tenses
In the evening, I often watch TV series or sport.
The sun rises from the east.
I will be glad if she comes over to visit me.
The newspaper reads, “The criminal who killed eight women has been executed.”
always, usually, often, seldom, sometimes, never. frequently, every day, once a week, monthly, yearly, now...
一般过去时
1. 表示在过去确定的某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与时间状语连用；
2. 表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作；
02丨Tenses
The three of us travelled around Europe for about a month last summer.
In the early evening, we always stopped to make camp.
She took off her coat and sat in the sofa.
He told me (that) he would wait until my parents came back.
yesterday, last night, ...ago, just now, in+过去时间, the day before yesterday, the other day...
02丨Tenses
一般过去时
情况 规则 例词
一般情况 加-ed pack(ed) play(ed)
以辅音字母y结尾的动词 变y为i，加-ed carry-carried
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词 双写辅音字母再加-ed plan-planned
以不发音的e结尾的动词 直接加d like(d) provide(d)
如 (1) work ->_______
(2)carry ->_______
worry ->_________
(3) wrap->________
drop ->_________
worked
carried
worried
wrapped
dropped
一般将来时
1.“be to do”结构：
表示计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作。强调客观安排或受人指示而做某事；
2.“be about to do”结构：
表示补救或即将发生的动作，一般不与时间状语连用
03丨Tenses
Later, I shall/will tell you about something I know.
Look at the dark cloud. It is going to rain.
You are to deliver these flowers before 10.
The plane is about to take off.
tomorrow, next week, next time, in the future, this afternoon, some day, later on, in+时间段, after+时间点...
现在进行时
1. 表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态；
2. 表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，但此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行；
3. 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用。
04丨Tenses
The students are having English class now.
We are making model planes these days.
I am taking part in Mary’s birthday party this weekend.
now, right now, at this moment, at present, nowadays, these days...
过去进行时
1. 表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作；
2. 表示一个过去的动作正在进行时，另一个过去的动作发生了。
05丨Tenses
I was discussing my homework with my brother at this time last night.
When he knocked the door, I was having a bath.
at that moment, at that time, this time yesterday, at...o’clock+过去时间, those days...
现在完成时
1. 表示“影响”：表示到现在为止动作已经完成，但这个动作产生了目前的结果或对现在有影响；
2. 表示“完成”：过去开始的动作到现在结束，或马上就要结束；
3. 表示“经历”：表示从过去到现在经历过的事情；
06丨Tenses
David has fallen in love, and that is why he is becoming excited.
I have already searched the Internet but found nothing.
We have visited your factory before.
lately, recently, already, yet, just, ever, by this time, until now, in/during/over the past few days, since+时间点, for+时间段...
过去完成时
1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”；
2. 表示开始于过去某一时间的动作或状态延续到过去另一时间，并且有可能持续下去；
3. hope，think，expect，intend，mean等表示“希望、打算、计划”的动词的过去完成时可表示未曾实现的愿望、计划，意为“本想、本打算、本计划”等；
4. “hardly/scarcely...when...”,
“no sooner...than...”等句式中，when和than从句中用一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时。
07丨Tenses
She had learned some English before she went to America.
By the end of last month, he had learned English for 6 years.
I had expected to receive his gift.
by then, by that time, by the end of, until then, before+过去时间, by the time+从句...
Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we forgot our map in the room.
现在完成进行时
1. 表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在（这种时态多用延续性动词，表示这一动作可能仍在进行）；
2. 现在完成进行时有时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复；
08丨Tenses
He has been learning English for 6 years.
I have been ringing you several times in two days.
these few days, this month, all day, recently ...
Practice
1. He _______ (go) to school every day.
2. Tom ________(live) in China since 2000.
3. He __________(work) in this factory in 1995.
4. He __________ (give) a job by the post office last month.
5. More than 1000 students in that school ____________ (send) abroad to study by last year.
goes
has lived
worked
was given
have been sent
now 现在 have/has done 现完
yesterday 过去 had done 过完
tomorrow 将来 will have done 将完
by
until
till
up to
链接高考 By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world’s people ___________ in cities rather than in rural areas.
与完成时连用的句型
will have lived
※考点突破1
It
+序数词（first, second）time + that
is
was
have done
had done
It
+adj.最高级+ that
is
was
have done
had done
※考点突破2
Practice
1. By the time he _______ twelve, Edison ________(begin) to make a living by himself.
2. It was the first time that I ___________(make) such progress
3. He is the most respected man that I__________(know)
was
had begun
had made
have known
1. As he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary artist, they smiled and __________ (point) down the river.
2. Since 2011, the country ___________ (grow) more corn than rice.
3. ... three are declining, six _______ (be) stable, one is increasing...
pointed
has grown
are
高考链接
Voices
TWO.
1. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ____________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
2. The new school __________(put) into use next term.
has been made
will be put
主动形式 (Active Voice) 被动形式
(Passive Voice)
一般现在时 do/does
一般过去时 did
一般将来时 will/shall do
过去将来时 would/should do
现在进行时 am/is/are doing
过去进行时 was/were doing
现在完成时 have/has done
过去完成时 had done
情态动词 情态动词+do
am/is/are done
was/were done
will/shall be done
would be done
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
has/have been done
had been done
情态动词+be done
据说
It is said thatsb.sth.../
Sth/sb. be said to do
据报道
It is reported that….
预期
It is expected that….
It is believed that…
人们认为
常用被动的句型
The number of graduates ___________ (expect) to increase by 100 million
is expected
※考点突破3
The book sells well. / The pen writes well.
The cake tastes good.
主动表被动
4.be worth + doing
be worthy of + being done/+n.
be worthwhile + to do/doing
= to be done
1.行为动词描述主语特征，如write，sell，cook，draw 等
3. sth. need/want/require/deserve+doing
2.系动词+adj. 如look，smell，sound，taste，feel 等
※考点突破4
The cloth washes well.
Silk feels soft.
The book is worth reading.
4. 这本书值得一读。
The plants want watering/to be watered every day.
1. 这种布好洗。
2.丝绸摸起来很柔软
3.这些花草得天天浇水
Practice
1. On the last day of our week-long stay, we __________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,...
2. When fat and salt ___________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
高考链接
were invited
are removed
Exercises
THREE.
1.I ______________(drive)down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
2.Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____________(view) as important for scicntists to get together and exchange information.
3.My washing machine __________________(repair) this week , so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
4.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _______________ (recommend) wonderful places to eat ,shop, and visit.
5.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ________(have) to worry about fashion.
was driving
is viewed
is being repaired
recommended
has
高考原句链接
6. By about 6000 BC, people ____________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
7.The number of medical school reached 18 in the early 1990s and _____________(remain) around that level ever since.
8.Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________(work) as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.
9.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _________(make) over the years.
10.--You are a great swimmer.
--Thanks .It’s because I___________________(practise) a lot these days
had discovered
has remained
was working
have made
have been pracising
11.The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ____________ (address) the opening ceremony.
12.In the last five years, Cao __________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
13.The GPNP ___________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “ protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations”.
addressed
has walked
is designed
Conclusion
FOUR
时态 主动语态 被动语态(be done) 时间状语
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
将来完成时
现在完成进行时
时态 被动语态(be done) 时间状语
一般现在时 am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done usually, often, seldom, sometimes, always
※一般过去时 was/were/did was/were done yesterday, last night, a few days ago, the other day, last yearIt’s (high) time that sb. did/should do sth.
一般将来时 will do will be done tomorrow, next week, next year，in+段时间，soon
过去将来时 would do would be done 过去式的宾语从句表将来
现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done now, at present, these days
过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done at that time, then, at six o’clock yesterday, when+过去时的从句
将来进行时 will be doing × at six o’clock tomorrow将来某一具体时刻
※现在完成时 has/have done has/have been done since then,in/over/duringthe past/last+ 时间段So far/until now/ up to now never, ever, lately=recently,already ,yet ,just ,before,for+ 时间段,since+时间点It/This/That + isthe first time（几次）that + 现在完成时
※过去完成时 had done had been done by the end of+过去时间 until +过去时间by +过去时间 before +过去时间It/This/That + was the first time that + 过去完成时hardly…when… scarcely….when…barely….when… no sooner …than…以上四个结构表：一...就，前用had done 后用did
将来完成时 will have done will have been done by the end of + 将来某一时间， before+ 将来某一时间
※现在完成进行时 has/have been doing × for+ 时间段,since+时间点all day, all the morning,this year,recently
The idea of a taxi that flies over a traffic jam and drops you home is an exciting proposal.It appears that we are almost there. German air-taxi startup Volocopter will build its first56______(fly)taxi station by the end of this year in Singapore,paving the way for major changes in 57_____ humans will commute in the future. These air taxis,or urban air mobility(UAM)vehicles,are usually 58____(electrical)powered taxis based on drone(无人机）technology 59______(design)to carry two people.The aim of the technology is 60_____(save)people time and help cities transform their transportation systems toward a more sustainable future by adding a new mobility option for citizens. Many companies,including Uber,61______(compete)fiercely in this space now.Chinese automaker Geely led a round of investment worth 50 million euros 62 ____will help the startup finance its commercialization in the next three years.Li Shufu,chairman of Geely Holding,said,"Our latest work 63 _____Volocopter builds up our confidence in Volocopter air taxis as the next 64_____(ambition)step in our wider expansion in both electrification and new mobility services.""It definitely still seems to be unusual,65_____ at the same time it is not completely unexpected,"he added. Still,practical problems remain unsolved,such as getting the go-ahead from regulators and ensuring the trips are safe as many taxis will be flown without pilots.
flying
to save
how
electrically
designed
are competing
that/
which
ambitious
with
but
v.通勤
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