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如何运用无灵主语
CONTENTS
目录
概念讲解
01
句型分类
02
小试牛刀
03
课后巩固练习
04
PART ONE
概念讲解
主语：人称代词
例子： 我忘记了他的名字。
I forget his name .
我不再感到轻松，很快就变得像父亲一样焦虑和害怕，因为父亲说我们偏离了路线。
I felt no longer relieved and soon became anxious and scared as my father said that we were off the track.
有灵主语
PART 01
无灵主语
主语：人称代词 例子： 我忘记了他的名字。
I forget his name .我不再感到轻松，很快就变得像父亲一样焦虑和害怕，因为父亲说我们偏离了路线。
I felt no longer relieved and soon became anxious and scared as my father said that we were off the track.
主语：物品、动作、情感、时间、地点等谓语：see ,find,bring,give ,escape,witness,seize,deny 例子：我忘记了他的名字。His name escaped me .很快，当我父亲告诉我们我们偏离了轨道时，宽慰很快被焦虑和恐惧所取代。Soon, relief soon gave way to anxiety and terror as my father said that we were off the track.
PART TWO
句型分类
“无灵主语”句的分类
PART 01
具体或者抽象事物的名词
具有行为或动作意义的名词
时间和地点的名词
身心和情感状态的名词
02
01
03
04
05
it作形式主语/there作引导词
1.时间和地点的名词作为无灵主语
PART 01
谓语通常是see, witness, find, tell等有灵动词，有时可引申为“显示”，“表明”，“产生”等意义。请根据中文意思补全句子。
（1）北京发生了许多重大历史事件。________________witnessed many great historical events. （2）过去三十年人们生活水平稳步提高。_______________________saw the steady improvement in people’s living standard.（3）过了一会他们来到一所村舍门口，主人敲了敲门。________________ brought them to a cottage door, at which the owner knocked.（4）星光很早以前就踏上了旅程。_______________________ started on its journey long long ago.. （5）在这体育场里举办过很多精彩的足球赛。________________ has seen many exciting football matches.
Beijing
Last thirty years
A few moment
The light from the stars
This stadium
2.具体或者抽象事物的名词作为无灵主语
PART 01
作谓语的有灵动词大致分为两类：得失型动词和情感型动词。
（1）得失型动词：lost, get, gain, seize, take, come over，grip(gripped), reach, fail, save, win, desert, release, deprive(of), rob sb. of..., visit, face, escape, elude, slip(slipped), invite, bring sb. to.., linger, creep, oppress, take (entire) possession of, fill sb. with.., etc.
（2）情感型使动词：surprise, disappoint, excite, disturb, determine, inspire, puzzle, annoy, trouble, irritate, shock, tear ...into pieces, depress, etc.
PART 01
请根据中文意思补全句子。
（1）这个城市刚下过一场大雨。(visit)
_____________________ just visited the city.
（2）我忘了她的名字。
__________________ escaped/eluded me/ slipped my mind.
（3）美景使这个地方颇有名气。
_____________________gained the place quite a reputation.
（4）他面临看困难的抉择。
_____________________ now faces him.
（5）她撒谎的习惯使我生气。
_____________________ telling lies irritates me.
A heavy rain
Her name
The beautiful scenery
A very difficult decision
Her habit of
3.身心和情感状态的抽象名词作为无灵主语
PART 01
作谓语的有灵动词大致分为两类：得失型动词和情感型动词（同第2类中的有灵动词）
请根据中文意思补全句子。
（1）当他不得不说话时，他突然失去了信心。
When he had to speak , _________________suddenly deserted/escaped him.
（2）他忽然怒从心头起。
Then___________________ seized/came over/oppressed him.
his confidence
a sudden wave of anger
3.身心和情感状态的抽象名词作为无灵主语
PART 01
（3）我兴奋得什么话也说不出来。
_________________deprived me of all power of utterance.
（4）她焦虑不安，全身崩溃了。
_________________tore her into pieces.
（5）恐惧慢慢地向她袭来。
_________________slowly creeps upon her.
My excitement
Anxiety
Fear
4.具有行为或动作意义的名词作为无灵主语
PART 01
具有行为或动作意义的名词作主语，通常是本身具备名词词性（如visit,interview等），或者动词的名词形式（如arrival,survival等），或者具有动词意味的名词（idea，thought，sight，sense等)，与其它修饰词一起构成无灵主语句的主语，并且与其前后的修饰词构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。作谓语的有灵动词，以使令动词为主，如remind, make, let, lead, send, leave, drive等。
注：无灵主语与其前后的修饰词构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。
eg1: the president's arrival总统到达(主谓)
eg2: the sight of the flowers看见花 (动宾)
4.具有行为或动作意义的名词作为无灵主语
PART 01
请根据中文意思补全句子。
（1）感觉身后全是男女生，我大脑一片空白。
________________________of the boys and girls behind me made me forget everything (=my mind go blank/ my mind is a blank).
（2）一见到那个孤儿，我就想起了她的父母。
_________________of the orphan always reminds me of her parents.
（3）一想到要出国深造，他就兴奋不已。
_________________that he will go abroad for further study made him excited.
A sense of the boys and girls
The sight of the orphan
The thought
4.具有行为或动作意义的名词作为无灵主语
PART 01
（4）他心不在焉，差点儿出了车祸。
_________________ during the driving nearly caused an accident.
（5）他重游自己青年时代曾经住过的地方时不禁回忆起许多美好的回忆。
_________________to the places where he had lived brought back many fond memories.
His absence of mind
A visit
5. It作为无灵主语的形式主语/there作引导词
PART 01
此类句子真正的主语是后面的词或从句，“it”作形式主语泛指一切事物（情况）或发挥某种句法功能，使句子语法完整，或起强调作用，以增强语气。
请根据中文意思补全句子。
（1）我从没有想到她会这样的不诚实。
________never occurred to /hit/ struck me that she was so dishonest.
（2）她带了雨伞，真是明智。
________was very wise of her to bring an umbrella.
It
It
5. It作为无灵主语的形式主语/there作引导词
PART 01
（3）现在，大家都觉得当时对他的任命是个严重的失误。
________is generally felt that his appointment was a serious mistake.
（4）有人敲门。
________comes a knock at the door.
（5）有位女士给你打来好儿次电话。
________has been a lady calling you several times.
It
There
There
PART THREE
小试牛刀
-点击添加核心摘要-
（微写作：请根据括号中提示词语运用无灵主语句来展开细节描写，聚焦人物心理、场景铺设和情节发展。
1.几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常苦恼，这种感情上的激烈斗争过去之后，我感到浑身无力。（anger and bitterness，prey upon；languor，succeed）
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
2.她疾病缠身，没信心挑起这副重担。她突然感到非常难过。（sickness, rob...of...; sorrow, seize）
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle.
Sickness had robbed her of her confidence that she could carry the load. A deep sorrow seized her suddenly.
3.当我们到达山顶时，我们看到了一片壮丽的海景。然后，一条蜿蜒的小路把我们引到一个小亭子里。（view， greet；path，lead...to...）
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
4.去年这个可怜的老人碰到了不少麻烦。他一踏入房间，就受到这家庭的关怀和照顾。（trouble，visit；care and kindness，surround）
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
When we reached the top of the hill, a magnificent view of the sea greeted us. Then a winding path led us down to a small pavilion.
Many troubles visited the poor old man last year. From the moment he stepped into the room, care and kindness from the family surrounded him.
5.星期一早晨，汤姆显得很难过。他因病未能参加爬山。（Monday morning，find; illness, prevent...from ...）
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
6.东方欲晓的时候，他已骑了一大段路了，这次骑车旅行是很愉快的。但是他已疲惫不堪，决定一有机会就找个阴凉的地方坐下来。（dawn, meet; weariness, determine）
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Monday morning found Tom miserable. His illness prevented him from joining in the climbing of the mountain.
Dawn met him well along the way. It was a pleasant ride. But his weariness determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade.
PART FOUR
课后巩固练习
1.话题词句巩固练习：高考链接·多元创作（2017年浙江高考卷读后续写）
故事情节：儿子和父亲野外骑马，途遇小兔，不慎迷路，偏离了Uncle Paul提醒的路线，天色已晚，最终他们能否安全回到叔叔的农场？
写作要求：请续写补全第二段（Paragraph 2 We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark...)，关于心理描写、场景描写或细节描写，使用无灵主语句，至少1句。
（1）自由表达
We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. ______________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Version 1 ：请根据中文提示补全短文。
We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. Wandering around, we were still stuck in the dilemma. Much to our delight, ________________________________
___________________________________________.(远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河岸。) Dad proposed that we should walk along ___________________
________________________________________(可以把我们带到农舍的河) and nothing seemed better than that. Time appeared to be merrier and shorter when I stayed together with Dad and before long, ____________________________ _______________________.(农舍映入眼帘) What a thrilling but memorable experience it was!
the sound of water in the distance caught
our attention and drove us to the riverbank.
which may lead us to the farm house
the farm house came into sight
Version 2 ：请根据中文提示补全短文。
We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. __________________________________________________
_____________________________________________. (想到我们可能在这样的黑暗中迷路，我的脊梁骨直打颤。)______________________________________________. (恐惧和遗憾的泪水充满了我的眼睛。) Fortunately, Dad was not so panicked as I was. He kept silent and listened very carefully as he took my horse rein and led the way. We had wandered for what seemed like ages when suddenly a river came into sight. Hopefully, we could find our way back to the farm house if we followed the river. Finally, we arrived home safely just in time for supper, but what an experience! It turns out there’s always a way out of any plight as long as we stay calm.
The thought that we might have got lost in such darkness sent
shivers down my spine.
Tears of fear and regret filled my eyes.
Version 3 ：请根据中文提示补全短文。
We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. __________________________________________________
___________________________________________. (月亮破云而出，银色的月光洒在潮湿的大地上。)We wandered slowly on our horses, feeling at a loss what to do. Suddenly, _________________________________ ____________________________. (流水声引起了我的注意。)"Dad, maybe we can find the farm house down the river." Dad nodded with approval. With great care,we rode our horses along the river. Shortly afterwards, ________________ __________________________________________________. (毫无疑问，我们看到了保罗叔叔的农场。) Finally,we got to the farm, safe and sound. What a trip like never before!
The moon burst through the clouds and cast its silver light all over
the wet land.
the sound of a floating river caught my attention.
the uncle Paul’s farm, sure enough, came into our sight.

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