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专题二　动词
试题精练
考点精讲
知识导图
中考解读
第3讲　非谓语动词
知识导图
中考解读
考点 题型 考频 考查内容
不定式作宾语 语法选择 5年2考 2025(1分): to work
2023(1分): to leave
不定式作宾语补足语 语法选择 5年1考 2022(1分): to make
不定式作目的状语 语法选择 5年2考 2024(1分): to buy
2021(1分): to enjoy
近五年广东中考，动词不定式是语法选择的必考点。主要考查不定式作宾语、不定式作宾语补足语和不定式作目的状语。复习时要重视不定式的用法，并注意积累含不定式的固定搭配。
考点精讲
非谓语动词是指在句子中不作谓语的动词，包括动词不定式、动词的 ing形式、动词的 ed形式。
考点 动词不定式
1．动词不定式的构成
2．动词不定式的基本用法
句法功能 用法 常考词汇 举例
作宾语 动词＋to do sth. afford承担得起(后果), agree同意， appear似乎， ask要求， choose选择， decide决定(2025.37), expect期望， hope希望， manage完成(困难的事), offer主动提出， plan计划， prepare准备， promise承诺， refuse拒绝， seem好像， want想要， wish希望 ①I hope I can continue to make progress next year. 我希望我明年能继续取得进步。(WY九下M7)
②Unluckily, he refused to tell me what happened. 不幸的是，他拒绝告诉我发生了什么。
句法功能 用法 常考词汇 举例
作宾语 it作形式宾语，将不定式(真正的宾语)后置 consider考虑， feel感觉， find发现， make使得， think认为 I find it difficult to get along with him. 我发现很难与他和睦相处。
作宾语 补足语 宾语＋宾补(即“动词＋sb.＋ to do sth.”) advise建议， allow允许， ask要求， encourage鼓励， expect期待， invite邀请， order命令， teach教， tell告诉(2022.34), warn警告， want想要， wish希望 ①The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 老师让我们做早操。
②It allows people to get closer to them. 这能使人们更接近它们。(WY 八上M6)
句法功能 用法 常考词汇 举例
作目的状语 (2024.36) 表示“为了……；以便……” We got up early to catch the early bus. 我们早起是为了赶上早班车。
注意　(1)动词不定式可以和 what, which, how, where, when等疑问词连用。如：
Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore？打扰一下，你能告诉我怎样去书店吗？(RJ九全U3)
(2)有些感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice等)和使役动词(let, make, have)后接动词不定式作宾补时，若为主动语态，不定式可省略to；若为被动语态，to要保留。如：
1. However, it is important _________________(learn) how __________(use) the right language in different situations. (RJ九全U3)
(　　)2. Qiqi hopes ______ medicine in Sichuan University one day.
A. studying B. to study C. to studying
(　　)3. (2025天津改编)The government is developing new plans ______ ancient buildings.
A. protect B. to protect C. to protecting
to learn
to use
B
B
(　　)4. My father told my grandfather ______ too much strong tea before sleep.
A. to drink B. not to drink C. to not drink
(　　)5. (2025绥化)Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ______.
A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughed
(　　)6. (2025黑龙江)______ communication easier and faster, engineers in that company have designed a kind of smart watches.
A. Make B. Making C. To make
B
B
C
(　　)7. After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important ______ a peaceful world.
A. build
B. to build
C. not to build
B
考点 动词的 ing形式(＋)
形式 用法 举例
动词 原形 ＋ ing 作主语 谓语动词用单数 Talking with you is such a great help. 和你谈话真是大有帮助。
作宾语 动词/介词＋v. ing Thank you for telling me something about the competition. 谢谢你告诉我关于竞赛的一些事情。
形式 用法 举例
动词 原形 ＋ ing 作宾语 补足语 see/watch/hear/notice/keep/find/…＋sb./sth.＋v. ing，表示动作正在进行或持续发生 I saw a boy dancing when I passed by. 当我经过的时候，我看到一个男孩在跳舞。
作状语 表示原因、伴随、时间、结果等，句中的主语与v. ing 形式之间存在逻辑上的主动关系 He sat on the sofa, watching TV. 他坐在沙发上，看电视。(作伴随状语)
形式 用法 举例
动词 原形 ＋ ing 作表语 说明主语的内容或特征 His hobby is planting flowers. 他的爱好是种花。
作定语 常位于名词前修饰名词，表示主动或进行中的动作 a sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿
the running girl 跑步的女孩
拓展　常见的后接v. ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 enjoy/like doing sth. 喜欢做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事 keep doing sth. 坚持做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
practice doing sth. 练习做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
prevent/stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
spend… (in) doing sth. 花费……做某事
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事更喜欢做某事
注意　有些动词(短语)后既可用不定式作宾语，又可用v. ing形式作宾语，但意义差别较大。常见的这类动词有：
8. __________(do) chores helps to develop children's independence.
9. Students can improve their English by __________(listen) to English songs a lot.
10. My favorite activity at the Mid Autumn Festival is __________(admire) the moon.
11. Have a safe trip, and I look forward to __________(meet) you soon! (RJ九全U10)
Doing
listening
admiring
meeting
考点 动词的 ed形式(＋)
形式 用法 举例
动词原形＋ ed；动词的过去分词形式 作定语 前置定语(单个 ed 分词) boiled water开水
a changed world已改变的世界
后置定语(分词短语) the competition held in our school我校举办的比赛
作表语 表示主语的状态 The cup is broken. 杯子碎了。
形式 用法 举例
动词原形＋ ed；动词的过去分词形式 作宾语 补足语 get/have/find/…＋名词/代词＋v. ed形式，表示被动或完成 I must get my bike repaired. 我必须把我的自行车修好。
作状语 表示原因、条件、时间、让步等，句中的主语与v. ed 形式之间存在逻辑上的被动关系 Deeply moved by the story, they cried.被故事深深打动，他们哭了。(作原因状语)
(　　)12. I found my wallet ______ under the bed.
A. hiding B. hides C. hidden
(　　)13. ______ once a day, the flower will grow very well.
A. Watering B. To water C. Watered
(　　)14. Products ______ in China are very popular all over the world.
A. made B. to make C. making
C
C
A
非谓语动词在语法选择中的应用
(2025广东37题节选)After finishing college, she decided __37__ in a restaurant.
(　　)37. A. work B. working C. to work
解析：decide to do sth. “决定做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语，故选C。
(2024广东36题节选)When he has saved enough money, Peter goes to the bookstore __36__ great books and donates them to children in need.
(　　)36. A. buy B. to buy C. bought
解析：根据句子结构及“goes to the bookstore”可知，此处考查不定式作目的状语，故选B。
(2022广东34题节选)One day, the teacher told her __34__ a test. If
she passed the test, she could enter a Beijing Opera school.
(　　)34. A. take B. to take C. taking
解析：本题考查“tell sb. to do sth.”结构，所以应用不定式to take作宾语补足语，故选B。
试题精练
(　　)1. (2025福建)We will attend the tea festival in our town ______ more about tea culture.
A. learning B. to learn C. learned
(　　)2. The students decided ______ money for the poor kids by selling second hand books.
A. raising B. to raise C. to raising
(　　)3. He's quite talented and he found it easy ______ dancing well.
A. learning B. to learn C. learn
B
B
B
(　　)4. Do you have free time tomorrow I'd like to invite you ______ Mount Tai.
A. climb B. climbed C. to climb
(　　)5. My teacher often tells us not to spend too much time ______ computer games.
A. play B. playing C. to play
C
B
一、语法选择(2025陕西改编)
体裁：记叙文　主题：冬日家庭温馨时刻　词数：212　
难度：☆☆　建议用时：5分钟
Nana looked out of the window. It was starting to snow. Soon, the ground turned white. She stood at the window and watched __1__ it was getting dark outside. The trees and ground __2__ by white snow.
(　　)1. A. until B. unless C. though
(　　)2. A. cover B. covered C. were covered
A
C
Nana felt happy and was thinking about snowmen. She loved making snowmen, and tomorrow she could wear her new gloves __3__ the first snowman of this winter with her dad.
When Nana woke up the next morning, the sunshine __4__ in through her bedroom window. Her dad was already up and dressed. He knocked __5__ the door and came into her room with the smell of
(　　)3. A. make B. to make C. making
(　　)4. A. shines B. is shining C. was shining
(　　)5. A. at B. of C. in
B
C
A
cold and fresh air clinging to(附着于) his coat. He had a glass of milk in his hand. “Get up, sleep head，” he said with a smile. “Can you guess __6__？” He winked(眨眼).
Before Nana could give the answer, her father went on: “It is almost up to __7__ knees！”
(　　)6. A. how deep is the snow
B. how deep the snow is
C. how deep the snow was
(　　)7. A. you B. your C. yours
B
B
Nana jumped out of her bed, dressed herself, and rushed to the window for __8__ look. Then she ran to the kitchen and sat down at the table. While eating, she talked with her father __9__ about the snowman they would build. This year, they decided they would make __10__ snowman ever!
(　　)8. A. a B. an C. the
(　　)9. A. excited B. exciting C. excitedly
(　　)10. A. big B. bigger C. the biggest
A
C
C
二、短文填空
体裁：记叙文　主题：俞伯牙的新老师　词数：210　
难度：☆☆☆　建议用时：7分钟
In the Kingdom of Chu, there was a man named Yu Boya. He loved music from an early age and learned to play the qin from Cheng Lian, a(n) 1.____________ musician.
play　idea　none　famous　until　alone　heavy　see　for　everything　progress　mean
famous
Boya stayed with Cheng Lian 2.__________ three years. In the beginning, he made great 3.___________ ， but later he improved slowly.
Once, Boya wanted to create a piece of music to represent(表现) stormy seas but he couldn't come up with any 4. ___________. He asked Cheng Lian for advice. Cheng Lian said, “I have taught you 5. ___________that I know. I can take you to my teacher, Fang Zichun, for help.”
play　idea　none　famous　until　alone　heavy　see　for　everything　progress　mean
for
progress
ideas
everything
Fang Zichun lived on an island in the East Sea. Boya and Cheng Lian took a boat to 6. ___________ him. When they arrived, Fang Zichun was away. Cheng Lian asked Boya to stay there 7. ___________ he returned.
One day, the wind suddenly became very strong. Thunder and lightning(雷电) arrived and it rained 8. ___________. Boya was amazed at the sound of the storm and the waves. He took his qin and started to play.
play　idea　none　famous　until　alone　heavy　see　for　everything　progress　mean
see
until
heavily
When Boya finished 9. ___________， Cheng Lian arrived. He was smiling. “What do you think of your new teacher？” he asked.
Boya suddenly realized why Cheng Lian left him 10. ___________ on the island — because he believed nature was the best teacher.
play　idea　none　famous　until　alone　heavy　see　for　everything　progress　mean
playing
alone

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