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专题十一　(主从)复合句
试题精练
考点精讲
知识导图
中考解读
第1讲　宾语从句
知识导图
中考解读
考点 题型 考频 考查内容
宾语从句 引导词 语法选择 5年3考 2025(1分): what
2024(1分): how
2023(1分): why
短文填空 5年3考 2023(1.5分)、2021(1.5分): what
2022(1.5分): how
语序和时态 语法选择 5年1考 2021(1分): how long it is
近五年广东中考，宾语从句是必考点，主要考查引导词、语序和时态。语法选择主要考查宾语从句，考查方式主要为引导词的选择，偶尔考查语序和时态变化；短文填空主要考查宾语从句，考查方式为根据语境填入恰当的疑问词。
考点精讲
在复合句中，由一个完整的句子充当宾语，这个句子就是宾语从句。如：
Scientists are trying to discover why(引导词) the stones are in strange shapes(宾语从句).
考点 引导词
类别 引导词 用法 举例
that引导的 宾语从句 that that在宾语从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何语法成分，引导的内容也没有疑问色彩，常常可省略。 But I believe that April is the hottest month of the year there. 但我认为四月是那里一年中最热的月份。(RJ九全U2)
whether/if引导 的宾语从句 whether, if (1)whether/if意为“是否”，不充当任何语法成分，不可省略。 (2)whether/if引导宾语从句时，一般情况下可互换，但与or not连用时，只能用whether。 I don't know if/whether you can study with me.＝I don't know __________ you can study with me or not. 我不知道你是否能和我一起学习。
whether
类别 引导词 用法 举例
疑问词引导的宾语从句 连接代词：who, what (2025.32, 2023.67， 2021.75), which， whatever, whoever， whom, whose 连接代词在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，不可省略。 ①Do you know who they were talking about just now 你知道他们刚才在谈论谁吗？
②Now we can wear whatever we like. 现在我们可以穿任何我们喜欢的衣服。(RJ九全U4)
连接副词： when， why(2023.38), how (2024.37, 2022.67)， where 连接副词在宾语从句中充当状语，不可省略。 Did you ask the teacher when we would have a test 你问老师我们将在什么时候考试了吗？
考点 语序和时态
1．语序：宾语从句用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)”。如：
Lucy wants to know where her__pen__pal lives． 露西想知道她的笔友住在哪儿。
　　　　　　　　↓　　 ↓　 　↓
　　　　　　　引导词　主语 　 谓语
注意　引导词在从句中作主语时，语序不变，即“引导词(充当主语)＋谓语(＋其他)”。如：
Do you know who will give us a speech tonight 你知道今晚谁要给我们做演讲吗？
(who引导的从句在该复合句中充当句子的宾语。其中，who是引导词，在该宾语从句中作will give的主语，该从句本身已是陈述语序，无需再变。)
2. 时态
主句 从句 举例
一般现在时/ 一般将来时 所需的任何时态 I want to know who __________ (teach) us English next term.
我想知道下学期谁教我们英语。
一般过去时 相应的过去时态 She asked me if I __________ (know) how to use the AI tool.
她问我是否知道如何使用这个AI工具。
任何时态 一般现在时(用于陈述客观事实或普遍真理) My teacher told me that light __________ (travel) faster than sound. 我的老师告诉我光比声音传播得快。
will teach
knew
travels
考点 宾语从句的简化
1. 在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，当从句的主语与主句的主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。该结构常见的主句谓语动词有remember, know, forget, learn, decide, choose, agree, ask, show, tell等。如：
Simon doesn't know what__he__can__do．＝Simon doesn't know what to do. 西蒙不知道能做什么。
2. “think/make/find…＋that”引导的宾语从句可简化为“think/make/find…＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。如：
I think that this book is interesting．＝I think this book interesting . 我认为这本书很有趣。
拓展　在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称且谓语动词是believe, think, expect, suppose等表示观点、看法或信念的及物动词时，常把对从句的否定转移到主句中，使语气更加委婉、自然。如：肯定形式：I think they have finished their work. 我认为他们已经完成工作了。
否定形式：I don't__think they have finished their work. 我认为他们还没有完成工作。
(　　)1. I learned from the book that water ______ at the temperature of 0℃.
A. freeze B. freezes C. froze
(　　)2. Sam told me ______ he would go to Guangzhou for an exchange activity this term.
A. when B. where C. that
(　　)3. Always remember that, it's not your talents but your choices that decide ______ you are.
A. who B. which C. why
B
C
A
(　　)4. The police asked Jack ______ when the accident happened.
A. where was he B. where he was C. where he is
(　　)5. (2025扬州改编)—Could you tell me ______， sir
—Sure. It creates music in your own style.
A. what the AI app can do
B. when the AI app came into use
C. where the AI app was developed
B
A
(　　)6. (2025无锡改编)—That sounds interesting! May I ask ______ to see the changes
—Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever.
A. how long will it take
B. how much it will cost
C. how long it will take
C
7. (2025白银改编)I think the computer can still work.(改为否定句)
I ____________________ the computer ________ still work.
8. They wondered how they could make the city a green and livable place.(简化宾语从句)
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
don't think
can
They wondered how to make the city a green and livable place.
Smart phones have changed how people eat. We can't clearly remember 9._________ we started bringing phones to the dinner table. But this has been a habit for us. Once a dish comes, we take photos, post them online, and keep checking 10._________ we get any likes.
However, this habit can actually influence our dining experience. Some researchers did an experiment to test 11._________ this worked. They invited a group of people to a meal and asked them to take photos before they could eat. As a result, researchers found 12._________ the more photos people took, the less delicious the food was to them.
when
if
how
that
So, next time you eat with your family or friends, pay more attention to 13._________ is around you. Just enjoy the food as it is and share the moment with your meal pals.
what
1. 宾语从句在语法选择中的应用
(2025广东32题节选)She remembered that she would always sit there and watch Mom cooking. She was curious about __32__ Mom was busy with.
(　　)32. A. what B. that C. whether
解析：根据上下文可知，该句的句意是“她对妈妈正在忙的事情感到好奇”，结合挖空处所在句子结构可知，该宾语从句缺少宾语，故选A。
2. 宾语从句在短文填空中的应用
(2023广东67题节选)There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put it in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess __67__ it is Yes, it's the toothbrush.
解析：根据“Can you guess… it is？”可知，此处应表示“猜测它是什么”，what意为“什么”，故填what。
试题精练
一、从方框中选择合适的词填空
1. They don't know __________ the boy is telling the truth or not.
2. Plans for the picnic are not clear because we haven't decided __________ to go.
3. You should change the style of your speech accordingly after knowing __________ you will be speaking to.
whether
where
whom
4. —I wonder __________ I can protect my eyes.
—You should avoid looking at the phone screen for a long time first.
5. (2025常州改编)—Could you tell me __________ we have two 30 minute breaks every day
—They help us stay healthy and energetic.
6. (2025广元改编)—Amy won a prize from Help Save Our Society. Can you guess __________ she did
—It's said that she built a house out of rubbish.
how
why
what
二、语法选择微语篇(2025重庆改编)
Li Liang has always been interested in science since childhood. He's good at solving problems in daily life. It is his dream to make __1__ lives better.
One night when he was 11, he watched the news on TV with his parents. He heard that there __2__ harmful chemicals(化学物质) left in the vegetables people ate in a village nearby. Parents and kids were
(　　)1. A. people B. people's C. peoples'
(　　)2. A. are B. were C. will be
B
B
worried about their food __3__. He couldn't sleep that night because he kept thinking about __4__ would happen if they kept eating harmful vegetables. He decided to do something to help. He spent over a year in researching and testing. Finally, a tool was invented by him. It could show results fast, so people would know __5__ the food was safe.
(　　)3. A. safe B. safely C. safety
(　　)4. A. what B. how C. which
(　　)5. A. when B. why C. whether
C
A
C
一、语法选择 (2025清远区级三模)
体裁：记叙文　主题：“时代榜样”单杏花　词数：224　
难度：☆☆　建议用时：5分钟
Do you know who is the “Super Brain” in China Shan Xinghua is __1__ excellent woman who created China's 12306 railway ticket system. She received the national honor “Role Model of the Time”．__2__ work solved the problem of buying train tickets, which once required a long wait at stations.
(　　)1. A. a　　 B. an　 C. the
(　　)2. A. Her B. She C. Hers
B
A
In 1996, Shan began developing this system __3__ ticket buying difficulties. Before 12306, people had to wait in long lines at stations. With China's large population and growing travel needs, a better solution __4__. However, creating such a system was challenging. During busy periods like the Spring Festival, the system often broke down. In 2012, too many users caused technical problems.__5__ Shan didn't give up. She led her team to find solutions. They used
(　　)3. A. solve B. solving C. to solve
(　　)4. A. is needed B. were needed C. was needed
(　　)5. A. But B. And C. So
C
C
A
advanced(先进的) technologies to deal with huge numbers of users while keeping information safe. Shan succeeded __6__ years of hard work. She often worked for long hours and spent little time with her family. Today, 12306 __7__ millions of daily business smoothly. People can buy tickets anytime on their phones and choose seats. This saves time and makes travel __8__ than before for everyone.
(　　)6. A. by B. until C. through
(　　)7. A. processed B. processes C. will process
(　　)8. A. easy B. easier C. the easiest
C
B
B
Shan Xinghua's story teaches us that effort __9__ overcome difficulties. She encourages young people to follow their dreams bravely. She also shows us __10__ change our lives. She is both a “Super Brain” and a national hero.
(　　)9. A. can B. need C. should
(　　)10. A. how technology can
B. how can technology
C. what technology can
A
A
二、短文填空
体裁：说明文　主题：江西米粉　词数：247　难度：☆☆☆　
建议用时：7分钟
In East China's Jiangxi Province, rice noodles are more than just a dish — they're almost a way of life.
popular　how　convenient　from　as　compare　such　it　start　why　ton　to
In fact, most people here 1.________ the day with a bowl of rice noodles in the morning.This dish is so popular that some locals have even 2.__________ having rice noodles to enjoying fresh sea food.
Jiangxi is home 3.________ over 50，000 rice noodle restaurants. And the city produced nearly 3 million 4.________ of rice noodles each year. More than 60% of the foreign sales of China's rice noodles are from Jiangxi.
popular　how　convenient　from　as　compare　such　it　start　why　ton　to
start
compared
to
tons
This dish is also 5.________ among people from other parts of China. A report on China's rice noodle industry shows that people aged between 20 and 35 are the main consumer(消费) groups. And they make up 75.7% of those who order rice noodles online. It also explores 6.________ rice noodles are so popular among these people. And the top three reasons are about the taste, 7.____________ and price of the dish.
popular　how　convenient　from　as　compare　such　it　start　why　ton　to
popular
why
convenience
“Enjoying 8.________ a specialty(特产) is one way to get a real experience of local cooking culture，” said a food expert. He added that more efforts should be made to find out the stories behind Jiangxi rice noodles. The charm(魅力) of this common dish comes from 9.________ stories and different tastes — the rice noodles are cooked differently in each of Jiangxi's 11 cities. 10.________ these rice noodles are such an important part of Jiangxi culture, locals have done their best to protect their reputation(声誉) as a local specialty.
popular　how　convenient　from　as　compare　such　it　start　why　ton　to
such
its
As

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