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专题七　介词和介词短语
试题精练
考点精讲
知识导图
中考解读
知识导图
中考解读
考点 题型 考频 考查内容
时间介词 短文填空 5年1考 2021(1.5分): for 33 years
方位介词 语法选择 5年3考 2023(1分): in space
2022(1分): in a village
2021(1分): between two mountains
短文填空 5年3考 2025(1.5分): along the river
2024(1.5分): among bikers
2022(1.5分): in Asian countries
方式介词 语法选择 5年1考 2025(1分): with a small knife
分析近五年广东中考可知，介词是必考点，主要考查介词的用法和常见搭配。其中，方位介词的考频较高，时间介词和方式介词也是常考的语法点。此外，阅读和写作也会涉及各种常见的介词短语，复习时需要加强积累。
考点精讲
介词(preposition，简称prep.) 是虚词，通常位于名词、代词或名词性结构之前，表示该词与句中其他成分的关系，不能单独充当句子成分。介词与其宾语构成介词短语，可在句中作状语、补语、定语、表语等成分。按照语义功能，介词可以分为时间介词、方位介词、方式介词以及其他常见介词。
考点 时间介词
1. on/in/at
介词 用法 举例
on (1)用于星期前。 (2)用于具体的日期、节日前。 (3)用于具体某天的上午、下午或晚上前。 ①on Sunday在星期日
②on October 1st在十月一日； on New Year's Day在元旦
③on the night of June 1在六月一日的晚上； on Sunday morning在星期天的早上
介词 用法 举例
in (1)用于世纪、朝代、年代、年份、月份或季节等前。 (2)用于泛指某一天的早晨、下午或晚上。 (3)“in＋一段时间”表示“在……之后”，常与一般将来时连用，可回答how soon引导的问句。 ①in the 21st century在二十一世纪； in the Qing Dynasty 在清朝； in the 1980s在二十世纪八十年代； in 2025在2025年； in June在六月； in summer在夏天
②in the morning/afternoon/evening在早晨/下午/晚上
③in three days三天后； in a week一周后
介词 用法 举例
at (1)用于具体的时刻、正午、午夜前。 (2)用于某些短语中。 ①at five o'clock在五点钟；
at noon/night在正午/午夜
②at that time在那个时候；
at the beginning of在……的开始；
at the age of在……岁时
注意　当节日名称包含“Day”或需要强调确切日期时，使用介词on；若强调在节日期间，如圣诞节、春节等多日庆典，常用介词at。如：on Mother's Day 在母亲节(当天)；at the Spring Festival 在春节(期间)
2. since/for
介词 用法 举例
since “since＋时间点”和“since＋一段时间＋ago”意为“自从……以来”，表示“从过去某一时刻起(事件开始发生)”，通常与现在完成时连用。 ①He's owned it __________ his fourth birthday. 他从四岁生日起就拥有它了。(RJ八下U10)
②I have moved to Zhuhai __________ 5 years ago. 我五年前就搬到珠海了。
③I have read the English novel __________ nearly a month. 我读这本英文小说已经快一个月了。
for “for＋时间段”表示动作延续或持续的时长，可与现在完成时连用。
since
since
for
3. 其他常见的时间介词
介词 用法 举例
before 意为“在……之前”，后常接时间点。 I have to go to bed before 10：00 p．m. 我必须在晚上10点前上床睡觉。
after 意为“在……之后”，其后跟时间点时，常与将来时连用；其后跟时间段时，常与过去时连用。 ①I'll study after dinner. 我将在晚餐后学习。
②He came back after a few days. 几天后他回来了。
介词 用法 举例
by 意为“在……结束时；到……末为止”，后常接时间点。 We must hand in the report by this Friday. 我们必须在这周五之前上交这份报告。
until/till 意为“到……为止”，谓语动词用延续性动词；其否定形式为not… until…，表示“直到……才……”，谓语动词用短暂性动词。 ①He will stay here until/till next Sunday. 他将在这儿待到下周日。
②Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday. 萨姆直到下周三才会离开。(RJ八上U9)
介词 用法 举例
during 意为“在……期间”，其后可接时间段或表示事件延续一段时间的名词(stay, visit, travel, holiday等)。 During the week, I'll wear smart clothes. 在工作日期间，我将会穿整洁得体的服装。(RJ八上U7)
注意　在含this, that, last, next, every等表示时间的词组及某些表示时间的词(yesterday, today, tomorrow等)前通常不加介词。如：
We'll have a meeting this evening/next week/tomorrow morning. 我们今晚/下周/明天上午要开会。
(　　)1. Simon showed great interest in computer programming ______ an early age.
A. in B. at C. on
(　　)2. I usually go to bed ______ 11 o'clock so that I can feel energetic the next day.
A. before B. until C. after
(　　)3. The project is expected to be completed ______ the end of next month. We must speed up!
A. on B. by C. for
B
A
B
(　　)4. —How soon will you come back from China, Joe
—Maybe ______ two weeks, but my sister suggests staying a little longer.
A. at B. for C. in
Kwanzaa(宽扎节) is a celebration of African American history and culture. It has been celebrated 5.___________ 1966, with the aim of bringing African Americans together and celebrating their history and culture.
C
since
The festival lasts 6.___________ seven days, from December 26th to January 1st. 7.___________ the festival, families light candles in a special candle holder, one candle each night. The seven candles symbolize the seven Kwanzaa principles(原则). 8.___________ the evening, adults share stories and explain how to follow the seven principles in daily life. 9.___________ the sixth day, family and friends get together to enjoy a big meal.
for
During
In
On
考点 方位介词
1. in/at
介词 用法 举例
in 后接大地点(国家、城市等)。 ①Lina was born __________ the US. 莉娜出生在美国。
②Let's meet __________ the school gate. 让我们在学校门口见吧。
③sit at the table坐在桌边
④I live at No.87 Beijing Road. 我住在北京路87号。
at (1)后接小地点(车站、家、十字路口等)。 (2)表示“在……旁边”。
in
at
2. on/in/to
介词 用法 举例
on 表示两地接壤、相邻。 Guangxi is on the west of Guangdong.广西位于广东西边。
in 表示“在……里面”，指在某范围之内。 Guangdong lies in the south of China. 广东位于中国的南部。
介词 用法 举例
to (1)表示在某一范围外，且两地不接壤。 (2)表示“到；往(地点或方向)”。 ①Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东部。
②Judy walked to school. 朱迪步行去学校。
3. between/among
介词 用法 举例
between 常用于两者之间，其常见搭配“between… and…”表示“在……和……之间”。 This is a secret __________ you and me. Don't talk about it __________ your friends. 这是我们两个之间的秘密。不要在你的朋友中谈论它。
among 一般用于三者或三者以上之间。
between
among
4. on/over/under/above/below
介词及其用法 举例
①Jerry threw his schoolbag on the sofa. 杰瑞把书包扔在了沙发上。
②The bridge over the river was built a hundred years ago. 这条河上的桥建于一百年前。
③The plane is flying above the clouds. 飞机正在云层上飞行。
④There are rich natural resources under the sea. 海底有丰富的自然资源。
⑤The writer's picture is printed below the title. 作者的照片印在标题的下方。
5. across/through/over
介词及其用法 举例
①A cat jumped over the wall and ran away. 一只猫跳过围墙跑掉了。
②The road winds through the forest. 这条路蜿蜒穿过森林。
③He walked across the field and found a wooden house. 他穿过这片田野，发现了一个木屋。
6. in the front of/in front of
介词(短语) 用法 举例
in the front of 表示“在……(内部的)前面”。 Jack is sitting in the front of his car when he suddenly sees a dog standing in front of/before the car. 杰克正坐在汽车的前排，这时他突然看到一条狗站在汽车前。

in front of＝before 表示“在……(外部的)前面”。
7. 其他常见的方位介词(短语)
介词(短语) 用法 举例
behind 表示“在…… 后面”。 The broom is behind the door. 扫帚在门后。
opposite/ across from 表示“在……对面； 与……相对”。 The hospital is opposite/across from the park. 医院在公园对面。
介词(短语) 用法 举例
around/round 表示“在……四周；围绕；向各处”。 While it was snowing, we sat around/round the fireplace. 下雪的时候，我们围坐在壁炉旁。
along 表示“沿着；在……边上”。 …go along the street and turn left at the third street on the left. ……沿着这条街走，在左边第三条街左转。(WY七下M6)
(　　)10. We could see the valley(山谷) ______ our feet from the mountaintop.
A. behind B. below C. above
(　　)11. China is surrounded by 14 countries, and Mongolia is ______ the north of China.
A. in B. to C. on
B
C
(　　)12. If you walk ______ the River Thames, you'll see lots of interesting buildings.
A. along B. below C. across
(　　)13. —Did you have fun watching the volleyball game
—No. A tall man stood ______ me. I couldn't see the players at all.
A. next to B. in front of C. in the front of
(　　)14. When I eat out with my friend, we prefer to sit ______ each other so that we can talk face to face.
A. behind B. beside C. opposite
A
B
C
I am a plastic bottle full of water. A week ago, I was standing __15__ a supermarket shelf. Then a woman bought me and put me __16__ her fridge. Soon I made friends with other bottles and some cans(罐头)．
However, after a few hours, the woman took me out and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a bin. The next morning, a man took me out and threw me into a truck. Then I was pushed __17__ other pieces of rubbish by a machine.
(　　)15. A. on B. over C. above
(　　)16. A. at B. to C. in
(　　)17. A. between B. among C. from
A
C
B
When I woke up, I found everything __18__ me was ugly and smelly. I felt afraid. Then a huge truck came and covered us with soil. A bottle told me that we would have to stay __19__ the ground for thousands of years. “Why can't they reuse or recycle us？” I asked with tears in my eyes.
(　　)18. A. across B. around C. through
(　　)19. A. under B. below C. along
B
A
考点 方式介词
1. by/in/on表示交通工具
介词 用法 举例
by “by＋交通工具”表示“乘坐……”。 by car乘汽车； by train乘火车
in/on “in/on＋限定词(冠词/代词)＋交通工具”表示“乘坐……”。 on my bike骑自行车；
in a car乘汽车
特例：on foot步行
2. by/with/in/on/through表示方式或手段
介词 用法 举例
by “by＋v. ing/单数名词”表示“靠……工具或手段”。 by working with a group通过小组合作； by email通过电子邮件； by hand用手
with “with＋有形的工具/手段”表示“用；以；借助于”。 write with a pen用笔写字； cut vegetables with a small knife 用小刀切菜(2025.34); listen with our ears 用我们的耳朵听
介词 用法 举例
in “in＋语言/声音/材料/方式”表示“用……”。 in English用英语； in a low voice低声地； paint in watercolor用水彩绘画； in such a way以这种方式
on “on＋通讯设备/电子产品”表示“通过/用……(方式)”。 on the phone/radio/Internet通过电话/广播/互联网
through 意为“以；借助”，表示通过某人、某方式。 through a friend 通过一个朋友； through hard work通过努力工作
Do you have problems in learning English If your answer is yes, the following ways can be helpful.
First, listen to English songs __20__ the radio. It is a good way to improve your listening. Second, read something __21__ English, such as short stories, news and poems. You can also underline some new words and expressions __22__ a pen while reading to understand them
(　　)20. A. in B. from C. on
(　　)21. A. with B. in C. by
(　　)22. A. by B. for C. with
C
B
C
in context(语境). What's more, make friends from English speaking countries. You can connect with them __23__ sharing your daily life on social media.
All these ways are very practical and useful. But remember: real progress can only be made __24__ effort.
(　　)23. A. as B. by C. on
(　　)24. A. through B. in C. for
B
A
考点 其他常见介词
介词 用法 举例
with (1)表伴随，意为 “和……一起”。 (2)表示人或物的特征，意为“带有；具有”。 ①Last Saturday I went to the Great Wall with some of my friends.上周六我和我的一些朋友去长城了。
②The girl with glasses is my younger sister. 这个戴眼镜的女孩是我妹妹。
介词 用法 举例
without 表示“没有；缺乏；无……相伴”，是with的反义词。 He left without saying anything. 他什么也没有说就离开了。
for (1)表目的。 (2)表原因。 (3)表用途。 (4)表对象。 (5)表价格。 (6)表赞成。其反义词为against “反对”。 ①Why not go for a walk 为什么不去散步呢？
②Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.安溪和杭州以茶闻名。(RJ九全U5)
③This knife is for cutting bread. 这把小刀是用来切面包的。
④Drinking milk is good for our health. 喝牛奶对我们的健康有益。
⑤We have green sweaters for only ?$15! 我们有绿色毛衣，仅售15美元！ (RJ七上U7)
⑥Are you for/against the plan 你赞成/反对这个计划吗？
介词 用法 举例
against (1)意为“倚着；靠着”。 (2)意为“(体育竞赛)……对抗……”。 ①There is a piano against the wall in her room. 在她的房间里有一架钢琴靠着墙。
②We will play against other group champions next week. 下周我们将与其他的小组冠军比赛。
as 意为“作为；以……身份”，后接表职务、职业、身份的名词。 She works as a Chinese teacher. 她是个语文老师。
介词 用法 举例
like (1)意为“像……一样”。 (2)意为“例如；譬如”。 ①He laughs happily, just like a kid. 他开心地笑着，像个孩子一样。
②I have many pets like cats and dogs. 我有很多宠物，比如猫和狗。
介词 用法 举例
from (1)意为“来自……”，指出处、来源。 (2)意为“离……”，指两地的距离。 (3)意为“用……制成(看不出原材料)”，指所用的原料。 (4)意为“从”， 指时间的开始。 “from… to… ”表示 “从……到……”。 ①She comes from a very traditional Chinese family. 她来自一个非常传统的中国家庭。
②His house is just 500 meters (away) from mine. 他家离我家只有500米远。
③This cake is made from rice and beans. 这个蛋糕是由米和豆子制成的。
④I go to school from Monday to Friday. 我周一到周五上学。
介词 用法 举例
of 意为“……的”。 He is a friend of my father's. 他是我爸爸的一个朋友。
about 意为“关于； 有关”。 The film is about love. 这部电影是关于爱情的。
including 意为“包括…… 在内”。 The number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA has increased. NBA中的外国球员数量有所增加，其中也包括中国球员。
介词 用法 举例
except 意为“除……之外”，强调被排除的内容不包含在内。 I like all sports except football. 除足球外，我喜欢所有的运动。
besides 意为“除……之外(还)”，强调被排除的内容也包含在内。 We have lots of things in common besides music. 除了音乐，我们还有很多共同点。
but 意为“除……之外(什么也没有)”，常与no, nobody, all, nothing等词连用。 No one knows him but me. 除了我，没有人认识他。
(　　)25. The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box ______ any effort.
A. with B. without C. from
(　　)26. (RJ八下U5改编)Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily ______ the windows.
A. of B. from C. against
B
C
(　　)27. Though Jack and Simon are twins, they almost have nothing in common ______ their appearance.
A. except B. besides C. including
A
(2025眉山改编)Have you heard of the film Postmen in the Mountains It tells a touching story 28.___________ the love between the father and the son.
For years, the father served 29.___________ the postman for this area. He was often absent from home and the son seldom saw him. But now the son is taking his father's place to be the postman. On his first day of work, the father goes 30.___________ him. Along the way, they start to see into each other's hearts.
about
as
with
For the first time, the son carries his father across a cold river 31.__________ one side to the other side. It brings back the father's memory of carrying the son on his back. He cries 32.__________ that, with tears quietly running down his face.
This film shows a traditional Chinese father. His love is known to no one 33.__________ himself. He is happy about his son's growth, but he just hides his cares and doesn't express them. His love may be silent. But 34.__________ a mountain, it is always there.
from
for
but
like
考点 介词短语
1. 介词与名词的搭配
介词 搭配
in 【状态】in danger处于危险中　in trouble处于麻烦/困难之中　
in surprise惊奇地　in silence沉默地 in a hurry匆忙地　 in need需要　
in good/bad health 身体状况良好/不佳 in one's spare/free time 在某人的空闲时间
【方式】in person亲自　in public公开地　in time及时　in this way用这种方法
【观点】in one's opinion依某人看　in other words换句话说　in a word总而言之
in another sense从另一种意义上来说　in fact事实上
【时间/空间】in the end最后　in the future在将来　in later life在晚年　in the middle在中间 in the centre of在……的中心
介词 搭配
on 【状态】on duty值日　on business出差　
on holiday/vacation在度假　on the phone在通话
on one's way to 在某人去……的路上　
on show/display在展览　on fire着火　on sale降价出售
【方式】on time准时；按时　on foot步行　
on purpose故意地　on one's own 独自
【位置】on the left/right在左/右边
介词 搭配
at 【状态】at home在家　at the age of 在……岁时
【方式】at a low price以低价　at many levels在多个层面
【时间/空间】at present现在　at times有时候　
at the moment此刻　at the same time同时
at the end of 在……的最后/尽头
其他 by oneself独自　by mistake错误地　by accident偶然　by the way顺便说一下 without doubt毫无疑问；的确　with/without one's help在/没有某人的帮助下 to one's surprise使某人惊奇的是
2. 介词与形容词的搭配
【详见P56专题三 考点1.3 形容词短语】
3. 其他常见介词搭配
On a sunny Saturday morning, Lin Tao decided to visit his grandmother. While he was riding his new bicycle 35.__________ the way to her house, he noticed something shiny in the grass 36.__________ accident. It was a small leather(皮革的) wallet, still in good condition, with a ticket and an ID card inside.
on
by
Knowing the owner must be worried 37. __________ the moment, he hurried to the police station. He rode quickly though tired and thirsty. Luckily, he arrived ahead 38. __________ the lunch break and handed the wallet to an officer. The police found the owner just 39. __________ time — a tourist who was about to leave the city.
Lin Tao felt proud and happy. He learned that helping others can make a common day special.
at
of
in
1. 介词及介词短语在语法选择中的应用
(2025广东34题节选)Later on, while Mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables __34__ a small knife.
(　　)34. A. by B. for C. with
解析：由空格后的“a small knife”可知，此处介词搭配的是有形的工具，应用with，故选C。
(2023广东34题节选)They had a taste of what it was like to travel __34__ space.
(　　)34. A. on B. in C. for
解析：in space是固定搭配，意为“在太空”，故选B。考生应注意“在太空站”的英文表达是on the space station。
(2021广东34题节选)The bridge runs __34__ two mountains. At its highest point, it is 175 meters off the ground.
(　　)34. A. at B. under
C. among D. between
解析：由空格后的“two mountains”可知，大桥建在了两座山之间，应用between，故选D。
2. 介词及介词短语在短文填空中的应用
(2025广东67题节选)Every day, he can see his neighbors playing chess in the park, dancing __73__ the river or chatting in the market.
解析：根据前后语境可知，此处缺少方位介词。结合文意可推断出此处应表示“在河边跳舞”，故填along。
(2024广东73题节选)These create a sense of community __73__ bikers.
解析：根据前后语境可知，此处缺少介词，且空格后的bikers指多位骑行者，此处介词应表示“三者或三者以上之间”，故填among。
试题精练
一、从方框中选择合适的词填空
1. She got the job __________ her hard work and excellent interview performance.
2. (2025日照改编)Look! Black smoke is rising __________ the burning building.
3. (2025苏州改编)Why not finish the task today instead of waiting __________ tomorrow
through
above
until
4. The traditional Chinese calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms(节气). Xiaoman usually falls __________ May.
5. —When did the blood moon appear last night
—It happened __________ around 12：30 and lasted for one hour and twenty two minutes.
in
at
二、语法选择微语篇(2025青海改编)
Many changes have taken place in Ma Li's home these years. Her grandparents used to travel __1__ paper maps, but now they prefer the navigation apps(导航软件). They used to write letters. Now they make video calls. Her mom bought tickets __2__ the station before. Now she can book them __3__ the phone. Though times change, some things
(　　)1. A. to B. with C. among
(　　)2. A. at B. off C. behind
(　　)3. A. in B. on C. over
B
A
B
stay the same. Her mom still cooks the recipes(食谱) that are handed down __4__ her grandma. Her dad still tells the stories that children love, __5__ Cinderella and Little Red Riding Hood. Though new tools make life easier, family love never changes.
(　　)4. A. from B. for C. about
(　　)5. A. as B. from C. like
A
C
一、语法选择
体裁：记叙文　主题：真正的善良不是施舍　词数：207　
难度：☆☆　建议用时：5分钟
Sometimes, the greatest gifts aren't what we give, but the chances we offer.
Ming, a twelve year old boy, __1__ in a teahouse run by his grandfather last winter vacation. On a foggy morning, he noticed a boy outside. The __2__ clothes were old and his shoes were broken.
(　　)1. A. works B. worked C. has worked
(　　)2. A. boy B. boys' C. boy's
B
C
“Grandpa, who is that boy？” Ming asked. “That's Li Wei. His father fell ill last winter, __3__ he works to help his family now，” Grandfather said. Ming remembered __4__ Grandfather once said, “True kindness is to give respect, not just pity.” He decided __5__. Running to the door, Ming called out, “Li Wei! Would you like to help us wash teacups You __6__ for that and have breakfast with us.”
(　　)3. A. so B. but C. or
(　　)4. A. how B. what C. where
(　　)5. A. act B. acting C. to act
(　　)6. A. will pay B. will be paid C. are paying
A
B
C
B
When Li Wei heard that, he was full of joy. He didn't just wash teacups — he listened to Grandfather's stories about Chongqing and even learned how to greet customers __7__ Chongqing dialect(方言). He worked carefully all morning.
(　　)7. A. in B. of C. at
A
As __8__ sun set, turning the river gold, Grandfather said to Ming, “You didn't just give him food and money today. You provided something __9__ than those — a chance to grow.” Watching Li Wei's smile, Ming understood how small acts of kindness __10__ warm the cold day of the winter.
(　　)8. A. a B. an C. the
(　　)9. A. important B. more important
C. the most important
(　　)10. A. need B. must C. could
C
B
C
二、短文填空
体裁：说明文　主题：银发旅游列车　词数：227　
难度：☆☆☆　建议用时：6分钟
People of all ages enjoy going on trips. When talking about the elderly's travel, what may come to your 1.__________ first
they　offer　comfortable　even　through　specially　in　 satisfy　and　on　mind　friend
mind
In recent years, there has been a growing trend(趋势) in the travel industry — the rise of silver haired tourism trains. As the population of the elderly becomes larger 2.__________ their hope for a better quality of life grows, these trains have become a very popular choice.
It is said that these trains are 3.__________ designed for the elderly. There are many convenient facilities(设施), such as wide aisles(过道) and 4.___________ seats. Besides these, some trains even have medical workers 5._________ board to keep all the passengers safe.
they　offer　comfortable　even　through　specially　in　 satisfy　and　on　mind　friend
and
specially
comfortable
on
The routes(路线) of silver haired tourism trains are carefully planned. They often pass 6.__________ beautiful natural areas, allowing the elderly to enjoy the sights of nature during the journey. Also, stops are made at famous places of interest giving 7.__________ a chance to explore.
Moreover, the trains 8.__________ all kinds of activities to the elderly on the way. There may be cultural shows, dancing classes, or even simple game nights. This not only makes them have colourful travel experiences but also helps the elderly make new 9.__________ ．
they　offer　comfortable　even　through　specially　in　 satisfy　and　on　mind　friend
through
them
offer
friends
In fact, the rise of silver haired tourism trains is a win win situation. It not only 10.____________ the travel needs of the elderly but also improves the development of the tourism industry.
they　offer　comfortable　even　through　specially　in　 satisfy　and　on　mind　friend
satisfies

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