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专题六　数词
试题精练
考点精讲
知识导图
中考解读
知识导图
中考解读
考点 题型 考频 考查内容
基数词＋名词所有格 语法选择 5年1考 2024(1分): one hour's bus ride
基数词hundred的 用法 短文填空 5年1考 2023(1.5分): hundreds of
数词在近五年广东中考中为低频考点，主要在语法选择和短文填空中进行考查。虽考频较低，但学生需掌握其核心用法以避免失分。另外注意数词在每年的听力或听说中均有考查，复习备考时要重视。
考点精讲
数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词，表示数目多少的词叫基数词(one, twenty, sixty five等)，表示顺序先后的词叫序数词(first, twentieth, sixty fifth等)。如：
There are three (基数词) cats in the garden. 花园里有三只猫。
Turn left at the first(序数词) crossing. 在第一个十字路口向左转。
考点 基数词
1．基数词的读法
分类 读法 举例
1～12 无规律 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
13～19 以 teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,
eighteen, nineteen
20～99 对于整十数字，以 ty结尾 twenty, thirty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
对于非整十数字，十位数与个位数之间加连字符“ -” 56 读作fifty six
分类 读法 举例
100～999 百位数和十位数之间要用and连接；如果十位数为0，百位数和个位数之间则直接用and连接。 129 读作 one hundred and twenty nine
204 读作 two hundred and four
1000及以上 阿拉伯数字从右往左每三位用逗号分节，分节词依次为thousand, million, billion。读数时从左往右按“三位数读法＋分节词”组合。 1，015 读作 one thousand and fifteen
2，006，000 读作 two million and six thousand
3，000，020，000读作 three billion and twenty
thousand
2. 基数词的用法
(1)基本用法
用法 讲解 举例
表示数量 1以上的基数词放在可数名词前时，名词要用复数形式。 Jack often has one cup of milk and two eggs for breakfast. 杰克早餐经常喝一杯牛奶，吃两个鸡蛋。
用法 讲解 举例
表示数量 hundred, thousand, million, billion的用法 这些词被具体数字或several, a few等修饰时，要用单数形式，且不与of连用。 A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, “the sage of tea”， mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing.几千年后，“茶圣”陆羽在《茶经》中提到神农。(RJ九全U6)
这些词没有被具体数字或several, a few等修饰时，要用复数形式，且与of连用。(2023.72) Welles made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story…威尔斯让它听起来如此真实，以至于好几百人相信了这个故事……(RJ九全U12)
用法 讲解 举例
构成复合形 容词 基数词和可数名词单数之间用连字符“ ”连接，构成复合形容词，作定语。 He lives in a three -room house. 他住在一个三室的房子里。
(2)表示年龄
用法 讲解 举例
表示具 体年龄 “基数词(＋years old)”表示“……岁” My daughter is sixteen (years old). 我的女儿16岁了。
“at the age of＋基数词”表示“在(某人)……岁时” My daughter could ride a bike at the age of six. 我的女儿在6岁时就会骑自行车了。
“基数词 year old”表示“……岁的”，作定语 That sixteen- year- old girl is my daughter. 那个16岁的女孩是我的女儿。
表示大 概年龄 “in＋one's＋整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时” She began to learn English in her forties. 她在四十多岁时开始学习英语。
(3)表示年份或年代
用法 讲解 举例
表示年份 “in＋年份”表示“在某年” in 1949 在1949年
表示年代 “in＋the＋逢十的年份的复数形 式”表示“在……世纪……年代” in the 1970s 在20世纪70年代
(4)表示时刻(介词用at)
用法 讲解 时间 顺读法 逆读法
表示整点 基数词(＋o'clock) 6：00 six (o'clock)
表示 非整点 顺读法：小时＋分钟 逆读法：分钟＋past/to＋小时 ①分钟≤30用past，表示“几点过几分”；分钟＞30用to，表示“差几分到几点”。 ②半小时用half；一刻钟(15分钟)用a quarter。 6：15 six fifteen a quarter past six
6：30 six thirty half past six
6：52 six fifty two eight to seven
注意　一个半小时/一天半one hour/day and a half ＝ one and a half hours/days
(5)表示编号
名词(首字母大写)＋基数词＝the＋序数词＋名词。如：
Page 1＝the first page 第一页
Paragraph 2＝the second paragraph第二段
(6)表示时间、距离
用“基数词＋名词所有格”结构作定语。如：
five minutes' walk步行五分钟的路程；one hour's bus ride 一个小时的公交车程(2024.35)
(7)表示倍数或次数
一倍/次用once，两倍/次用twice，三倍/次及以上用“基数词＋times”。如：
I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我大概一个月去看一次电影。(RJ八上U2)
The room is three times the size of that one. 这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。
(8)表示数量在原有基础上增加
(　　)1. Our class raised several ______ books for the children in the village school.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred's
(　　)2. My brother likes playing basketball in the park and he usually plays there ______.
A. four time a week B. four times a week
C. four times in a week
A
B
(　　)3. (2025广元改编)My old grandfather is ______， but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well.
A. in ninetieth B. in his ninety C. in his nineties
4. 很高兴下个月我们将有一个三天的旅行。
We are glad that we will ______________________________ next month.
5. 我八岁时就开始参加各种户外活动了。
I started to take part in all kinds of outdoor activities ________________________________________________.
C
have a three days'/three day trip
at the age of eight/8/when I was eight/8 (years old)
考点 序数词
1. 基数词变序数词的规律
2. 序数词的用法
用法 讲解 举例
表示顺序 当序数词位于名词前作定语时，其前要加定冠词the。 on the third floor 在三楼
当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时，不加定冠词the。 on her twelfth birthday 在她十二岁生日时
当序数词修饰谓语动词时，the常省略。 come third in the race 在比赛中获得第三名
用法 讲解 举例
表示“又一，再一” a/an＋序数词 My brother has one basketball, but he wants a second one now. 我弟弟有一个篮球，但他现在想再要一个。
表示日期 on＋具体的某日，“日”用序数词。 on October 1(st), 1949 　1949年10月1日
表示“在……世纪” in the＋序数词＋century in the twenty first century 在21世纪
表示分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1时，分母词尾加 s。 one half 二分之一　one quarter 四分之一 five sixths六分之五
注意　“分数＋of＋名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词的数应与of后面的名词或代词的数保持一致。如：Three fifths of the notebook has been used. 这个笔记本的五分之三已经被用过了。
One third of the students are in the classroom. 三分之一的学生在教室里。
(　　)6. I've never been to Beijing. This will be my ______ visit to the Great Wall.
A. one B. first C. the first
(　　)7. Lao She was one of the greatest Chinese writers of the ______ century.
A. twenty B. twenties C. twentieth
B
C
(　　)8. (2025云南改编)Every year, people celebrate World First Aid Day on ______ Saturday in September.
A. two B. second C. the second
(　　)9. —80% of the students in our class have passed the exam.
—Oh, that means ______ of them failed it and should work harder.
A. one fifths B. one fifth C. four fifths
C
B
数词在短文填空中的应用
(2023广东72题节选)Imagine that you travel back to __72__ of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably.
解析：根据句意“想象一下，你回到……年前，舒舒服服地刷牙”可知，此处应填数词，可从备选词中选定hundred；空格前无具体数字或several, a few等修饰，且后与of连用，故填hundreds。
试题精练
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. It is only a 12 __________(minute) ride from our house to the sea.
2. Judy's family took an old green train and spent one and a half __________(day) on the trip.
3. I have visited the science museum __________(two), but I don't mind visiting it a __________(three) time.
4. The __________(five) floor of our teaching building has seven __________(classroom) for Grade 8 students.
minutes'
days
twice
third
fifth
classrooms
二、语法选择微语篇(2025达州改编)
Lei Haichao is the head of National Health Commission(国家卫生健康委员会). He talked about a __1__ program across the country to help people manage their weight and to encourage a healthier lifestyle. This program focuses on teaching people about eating well, doing exercise and keeping a __2__ weight.
(　　)1. A. three years B. three year C．three years
(　　)2. A. health B. healthy C. healthily
B
B
For example, Shanghai plans to develop a “Weight Management Health Guide” for its __3__ residents(居民). A team of experts in food, health, and sports will work together to finish the guide. It will offer much advice on diet management, exercise plans, good sleep habits and medical help. What's more, it __4__ to improve weight management with AI technology.
(　　)3. A. 25 million B. 25 millions C. 25 millions of
(　　)4. A. used B. will be used C. was used
A
B
Some experts suggest eating healthy foods. Eating until __5__ full is good for long term weight control. Keeping a regular sleep habit is also important __6__ staying up late can lead to bad eating habits and weight gain.
(　　)5. A. seventh ten B. seven tenth C. seven tenths
(　　)6. A. if B. unless C. because
C
C
体裁：说明文　主题：竹编大师谢宏星　词数：209　
难度：☆☆☆　建议用时：7分钟
Do you know the connection between bamboo and art For 1._________ of years, bamboo has been giving artists different ideas of creating works of art. In the hands of artisans(手艺人), bamboo can be made into beautiful objects.
in　what　thousand　anything　grow　finish　art　how　famous　piece　on　twenty
thousands
Mount Wuyi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site(联合国教科文组织世界遗产地) that is near Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, and bamboo 2._________ a lot there. Apart from Mount Wuyi's tea, the place is also known for its bamboo weaving(编织). Artisans can make baskets, umbrellas, and almost 3._________ out of bamboo. And bamboo weaving art was listed as a national cultural heritage 4._________ 2008.
in　what　thousand　anything　grow　finish　art　how　famous　piece　on　twenty
grows
anything
in
Xie Hongxing started learning bamboo weaving in his 5._________ to become an inheritor(传承人) of it. He has become 6._________ for a mini Tiangong space station made of bamboo. Xie surprised watchers online by cutting bamboo into 7._________ of the same width in his videos. He said it took forty six days to 8._________ his mini space station. He used many kinds of local bamboo to show the beauty of the space station. It took him seven hours to work out 9._________ to weave a small national flag of China.
in　what　thousand　anything　grow　finish　art　how　famous　piece　on　twenty
twenties
famous
pieces
finish
how
He hopes more young people can fall in love with the 10._________ and discover the beauty of traditional culture.
in　what　thousand　anything　grow　finish　art　how　famous　piece　on　twenty
art

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