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专题四　冠词
试题精练
考点精讲
知识导图
中考解读
知识导图
中考解读
考点 题型 考频 考查内容
零冠词 语法选择 5年1考 2025(1分): have fun
不定冠词a 5年3考 2024(1分): a useful life skill
2023(1分): a new space camp
2022(1分): a quiet place
不定冠词an 5年1考 2021(1分): an eight kilometer long wooden walkway
冠词是语法选择中的必考点，其中不定冠词的用法为考查重点。此外，需同样关注固定搭配中的零冠词用法以及一些常见的定冠词用法，避免低频考点失分。
考点精讲
冠词是指用于名词之前，用来说明名词所指的人或事物的虚词，不能单独使用。根据用法可将其分为三类：不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)和零冠词。如：
What an interesting book! 多么有趣的一本书啊！(不定冠词)
This is the most expensive restaurant in town. 这是镇上最贵的餐厅。(定冠词)
Peter is good at playing basketball. 彼得擅长打篮球。(零冠词)
考点 不定冠词a/an的用法
1. 不定冠词a/an的基本用法
用法 举例
(1)用于第一次提到的人或物前。 A girl is smiling at me. 一位女孩正在冲我微笑。
(2)泛指一类人或物。 A doctor is a person who saves people's lives.
医生是拯救人们生命的人。
用法 举例
(3)表示数量“一个”，但数的概念没有one强烈。 ①I want to buy a pen. 我想买支钢笔。(强调种类)
②I want to buy one pen. 我想买一支钢笔。(强调数量)
(4)表示“每一”，相当于every/each。 I drink eight glasses of water a day.
我每天喝八杯水。
(5)表示“又一；再一”，用于序数词前，不强调顺序，仅指数量增加。 I have a book. I want to buy a second one.
我有一本书。我想再买一本。
用法 举例
(6)用于such, quite等词后或what引导的感叹句中。 ①such a beautiful flower 多么美丽的花
②quite a small house 相当小的房子
③What a great day! 多么美好的一天啊！(RJ九全U2)
(7)用于某些集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词前。 ①Mary and John are a happy couple.
玛丽和约翰是一对快乐的夫妻。(集体名词)
②A heavy rain fell in the small town this morning.
今天早上这个小镇下了一场大雨。(物质名词)
③It's a pleasure to talk with you.
和你交谈是一件愉快的事情。(抽象名词)
用法 举例
(8)用于某些固定搭配中。 a lot (of) 许多， a few 一些； 少许， a bit (of) 一些， a little 一点， a piece of 一片；一块， in a word 总而言之， have a good/nice time/day 玩得高兴， as a result 因此， live a… life 过着……生活(2024.42), in a period of 在一段……时间内， all of a sudden 突然， once in a while 偶尔
2. 不定冠词a/an的区别
注意　此处“辅音音素”和“元音音素”指发音而非字母。常见的以元音字母开头的单词前用a/an的情况：
a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如： a funny story 一个好笑的故事
an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如： an excellent student 一位优秀的学生
A　a an apple, an artist, an aunt, an Asian country, an American girl
E　e a European country, an eleven year old boy, an egg, an English teacher, an engineer，an exciting job
I　i an interesting game, an idea, an important invention, an interview
O　o an orange dress, an old man, an outgoing girl, a one eyed tiger
U　u u发音为/ /时，用an。如： an unusual photo, an umbrella, an ugly man
u发音为/ju /时，用a。如： a unit, a university student, a useful book, a usual day, a UFO
特殊记 首字母为辅音字母，但以元音音素开头的单词，前面用an。如： an hour, an honor, an honest girl
巧学妙记　以元音音素开头的字母：a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。(速记
口诀：Mr Li has one fox.)
1. 用不定冠词a/an填空
(1) Neither of the two answers is right. Do you have __________ third one
(2) (2025兰州改编)His cousin keeps on painting in order to become __________ artist.
(3) __________ heavy snow fell last night, and the whole village was covered in white.
a
an
A
(4) What __________ honest person Leo is! Everyone around him believes him very much.
(5) We will go on __________ one day visit to Mount Gu with my grandparents this month.
(6) The dentist suggests that we should brush our teeth twice __________ day.
(7) It was such __________ hot day that we stayed indoors all afternoon to stay cool.
an
a
a
a
(8) (2025苏州改编)As you grow up, you'll find that many of your problems are just __________ piece of cake.
(9) Last Sunday, I saw __________ university student helping __________ old man on the street.
(10) DeepSeek, __________ AI language model, has become __________ popular tool for people to solve problems.
a
a
an
an
a
考点 定冠词the的用法
用法 举例
(1)用于特指说话双方都知道的人/物或上文已提及的人/物。 There is a book on the desk. And the book is mine.
桌子上有本书。那本书是我的。
(2)用于序数词或形容词的最高级前(可用于“两者中更……的”或“越……，越……”的比较级结构中)。 ①I like to visit the rooms on the second and third floors.
我喜欢参观二楼和三楼的房间。(WY九上M5)
②This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of the greatest Chinese poets.这个节日是为了纪念屈原——中国最伟大的诗人之一。
③Of the two dictionaries, the red one is the more useful for English learning.在两本词典中，红色那本对英语学习更有用。
④The more you go jogging, the healthier you will feel.
你慢跑得越多，你就会感觉越健康。(WY八上M3)
用法 举例
(3)用于世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词前。 the moon 月亮； the earth 地球； the sun 太阳； the Great Wall 长城； the Summer Palace 颐和园； the Yangtze River 长江
(4)用于乐器名称前。 play the piano 弹钢琴； play the guitar 弹吉他
(5)用于表示具体方向、方位的名词前或某些表示时间的词组中。 in the south 在南方； on the right 在右边；
in the morning 在早上； in the 1870s 在19世纪70年代； the next moment下一刻
用法 举例
(6)用于姓氏的复数形式前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇俩”。 The Smiths are going to take part in their neighbor's housewarming party. 史密斯一家人正要去参加邻居的乔迁派对。
(7)用于可数名词单数、形容词或分词前，表示一类人或物。 ①The orange is orange. 橙子是橙黄色的。
②The wounded have not been sent to hospital in time.
伤员没有及时被送去医院。
(8)用于一些固定搭配或习惯用语中。 by the way 顺便提一下； to tell the truth 说实话；
at the same time 同时； at the age of 在……岁时；
in the end 最后；in the face of 面对(问题、困难等)
(　　)2. My grandpa likes playing ______ violin in the park with his friends.
A. a B. an C. the
(　　)3. The post office is on ______ left of the bank. You can find it easily.
A. a B. an C. the
(　　)4. Yesterday, I bought ______ book in the bookstore and gave it to ______ Blacks as a gift.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; the
C
C
A
(　　)5. (2025广安改编)Our class has a match next week. In order to win ______ match, we have to train twice ______ week.
A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a
(　　)6. To ______ blind, dogs are family members and also their “eyes” that help them get around safely.
A. a B. an C. the
B
C
7. 用合适的冠词填空
When I was in primary school, my music teacher found I had __________ good voice. She then asked my father to send me to __________ Children's Palace to learn music at weekends. From then on, I began my music training and practised for __________ hour every day. Last month, I performed what I had learned at the School Art Festival for __________ first time. As I finished singing, many students clapped(鼓掌) for me. I think it was one of __________ most unforgettable experiences in my life.
a
the
an
the
the
注意　某些词组中名词前有无冠词意义差别较大，无冠词表“功能/抽象意义”，有冠词表“具体地点/动作”：
(　　)8. We should do as much as we can to save the animals in ______ danger.
A. a B. the C. /
(　　)9. (2025云南改编)Nowadays, thousands of ______ foreign visitors come to ______ China on vacation.
A. /; / B. the; / C. /; the
C
A
(　　)10. Jimmy comes from ______ European country but he likes playing ______ Chinese chess.
A. a; the B. an; / C. a; /
(　　)11. We usually fly kites in ______ spring, but ______ spring of last year was too windy to go out.
A. a; the B. /; / C. /; the
(　　)12. Mr. Green is taking care of his wife in ______ hospital because she is in ______ hospital with a broken leg.
A. /; the B. the; / C. the; the
C
C
B
I was leaving school __13__ last Friday when it began to rain suddenly. I had forgotten my umbrella and thought I would get wet. As I was about to run to the nearest place to shelter(躲避) from the rain, a new classmate came up to me with __14__ umbrella. At that moment, he lit me up like a light. He offered to share his umbrella with me. I accepted his kindness without __15__ second thought. We walked
(　　)13. A. a B. the C. /
(　　)14. A. a B. an C. the
(　　)15. A. a B. the C. /
C
B
A
together, talking about our school and other things until we reached __16__ bus station where I usually take the bus home. At the station, he handed me __17__ umbrella and said with a warm smile, “Take this. My dad will come to pick me up. You'll need it more than I do.” Then I went home by __18__ bus with it, feeling greatly thankful for his kindness.
(　　)16. A. a B. an C. the
(　　)17. A. a B. the C. /
(　　)18. A. a B. the C. /
C
B
C
冠词在语法选择中的应用
(2025广东40题节选)Today, the kitchen is still a place for Lily and Mom to have __40__ fun together. Every time before a family dinner party, they will cooperate to plan a menu.
(　　)40. A. / B. a C. the
解析：“have fun”为固定搭配，表示“玩得开心”，中间无需加冠词。因此此处应填零冠词，故选A。
(2024广东40题节选)“To learn how to deal with money is __40__ useful life skill. Giving children pocket money in their early years teaches them the importance of budgeting.”
(　　)40. A. a B. an C. the
解析：根据句意可知，此处泛指一项生活技能，应使用不定冠词，且useful是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a，故选A。
试题精练
一、单项填空
(　　)1. (2025天津改编)Betty will have ______ dinner with her aunt on ______ October 15th.
A. a; / B. /; / C. /; the
(　　)2. Hurry up! If we miss ______ last bus, we'll have to get home by ______ taxi.
A. the; a B. a; / C. the; /
B
C
(　　)3. Mike likes playing ______ basketball best, while his sister prefers playing ______ piano.
A. the; / B. /; a C. /; the
(　　)4. My mother wants me to be ______ office worker, but I would like to be a volunteer to work for ______ old.
A. an; the B. a; the C. an; /
C
A
(　　)5. —How long will you stay in ______ Beijing, Bob
—I will stay there for ______ few days.
A. the; a B. /; a C. /; /
(　　)6. —What do you think of learning ______ Chinese, David
—In ______ fact, I find it hard to learn this language well in a short time.
A. the; / B. /; / C. /; the
B
B
二、用合适的冠词填空
1. After I had __________ quick breakfast, I hurried to school.
2. Thomas Edison invented __________ electric light in 1879.
3. To tell __________ truth, I am a little nervous before exams.
4. (2025达州改编)The Yangtze River is __________ longest river in China.
5. Could you help me to come up with __________ idea to solve the problem
a
the
the
the
an
6. —Shenzhou 20 with three astronauts was sent up on April 24th, 2025. It's such __________ exciting event.
—Yes. And the astronauts are our heroes. I want to be __________ useful person like them.
三、语法选择微语篇
Do you believe that your cat knows what “dinner” means According to __1__ study, cats learn what words mean quickly.
(　　)1. A. a B. an C. the
an
a
A
Scientists in Japan studied 31 cats based on a test from __2__ 1990s. Each cat had to look at two pictures on a computer, with a recording of its __3__ owner's voice saying a word. One showed an animal and the word “keraru”， the other was __4__ sun and the word “parumo”. After a break, the cats watched again. But this time
(　　)2. A. a B. the C. /
(　　)3. A. a B. the C. /
(　　)4. A. a B. the C. /
B
C
B
the words were exchanged. Scientists noticed that the cats spent more time looking at the screen and had large pupils(瞳孔), which is often __5__ act of surprise. This suggested that the cats had formed a connection between the picture and the word. What __6__ amazing cats!
(　　)5. A. a B. an C. the
(　　)6. A. an B. the C. /
B
C
语法选择(2025江门区级二模)
体裁：记叙文　主题：东汉陈蕃的故事　词数：209　
难度：☆☆　建议用时：5分钟
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man and his name was Chen Fan. When he was young, he dreamed of doing great things __1__ his country. But he always paid no attention to small things. His
(　　)1. A. for B. on C. with
A
desk __2__ by dust. His books and clothes were everywhere. __3__ untidy room it was!
One day, Xue Qin, one of his __4__ best friends, visited him. Seeing the dirty room, Xue asked, “Why don't you clean your room？” Chen answered, “__5__ great man has to do something important. How can he waste time on such small things？” Xue
(　　)2. A. covered B. is covered C. was covered
(　　)3. A. What a B. What an C. How
(　　)4. A. father B. fathers C. father's
(　　)5. A. A B. An C. The
C
B
C
A
pointed at the dust on the desk and said, “If you can't even clean a small room, how can you do the important things？” Then he __6__ Chen a broken cup in the corner and continued, “If you don't fix small problems, they will become much __7__．” Chen's face turned red. He realized his mistake and decided __8__．
(　　)6. A. shows B. showed C. will show
(　　)7. A. big B. bigger C. biggest
(　　)8. A. change B. changing C. to change
B
B
C
That afternoon, he cleaned his room __9__. He put books on shelves, washed dirty clothes and swept the floor. From then on, Chen cared more about small things __10__ became more responsible.
This story led to the saying, “If you can't sweep your room, how can you sweep the world？”
(　　)9. A. care B. careful C. carefully
(　　)10. A. but B. and C. or
C
B

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