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(共59张PPT)
专题五　代词
试题精练
考点精讲
知识导图
中考解读
知识导图
中考解读
考点 题型 考频 考查内容
人称代词 语法选择 5年1考 2021(1分): 主格it
短文填空 5年4考 2024(1.5分): 宾格them
2023(1.5分)、2022(1.5分): 宾格it
2021(1.5分): 宾格him
物主代词 语法选择 5年3考 2025(1分): 形容词性物主代词her
2023(1分): 形容词性物主代词his
2022(1分): 形容词性物主代词her
不定代词 短文填空 5年1考 2025(1.5分): 复合不定代词something (new)
分析近五年广东中考可知，代词是必考点。人称代词的主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和不定代词是语法选择和短文填空常考的考点。
考点精讲
考点 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
【注： 表格中加粗的词均为广东中考近5年考查过的。】
1. 人称代词
类别 用法 举例
主格 作主语，用在谓语动词前。 She likes Beijing opera very much. 她非常喜欢京剧。
宾格 作宾语，用在谓语 动词或介词后。 That'll make him happy. 那会令他高兴。(RJ九全U11)
Soccer is not easy for me. 足球对我来说并不容易。
作表语，用在系动词后。 Oh, it's you. 哦，是你啊。
巧学妙记　人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫用错。主格句中作主语，宾格句中作宾表。句首、动前用主格，动词、介词后宾格。you和it主宾同，其他主宾要分清。
归纳总结　it的特殊用法
(1)指代上文提到过的事物。如：
Reading is fun. I like it. 阅读是有趣的。我喜欢阅读。
(2)指代婴儿或不知身份、性别的人。如：
The baby is crying. Maybe it is hungry. 宝宝在哭。也许他饿了。
(3)指代天气、时间、距离、季节等。如：
It's about ten minutes' walk from school to my home. 从学校到我家步行大约要10分钟。
(4)作形式主语，常用于以下句型：
It's＋adj.＋(of sb.＋) to do sth.(某人)做某事是……的。
It's＋adj.＋(for sb.＋) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是……的。
It's time to do/for… 是(做)……的时候了。
It takes (sb.)＋一段时间＋to do sth.做某事花了(某人)多长时间。
It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。
It seems that… 好像/似乎……
It's said/believed that… 据说/人们认为……
It's (well) worth doing sth. 做某事是(很)值得的。
It's no use doing sth. 做某事没用。
(5)作形式宾语，代替动词不定式(短语)或从句等，常用于“find/think/make/feel＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth./that从句”结构中。如：
She thinks it(形式宾语) useful to__exercise(真正的宾语). 她认为锻炼有益。
2. 物主代词
类别 用法 举例
形容词性 物主代词 (1)相当于形容词，用于名词前作定语，不能单独使用。 (2)表示强调时，可与own连用，表示“某人自己的”。 ①My best friend Larry is quite different from me.
我最好的朋友拉里和我大不相同。(RJ八上U3)
②Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 青少年应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服。(RJ九全U7)
类别 用法 举例
名词性物 主代词 相当于名词，可以理解为“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，其后不能接名词，可作主语、宾语和表语。 The future is yours. (yours＝your future)
未来是你们的。 (RJ九全U14)
巧学妙记　形容词性作定语，身后要把名词加。物主代词名词性，相当名词可单用，身后没有名词影。两种代词形不同，添个“s”形变名。his, its不用变， my变mine要记清。
3. 反身代词
用法 举例
作宾语 I can take care of myself. 我能照顾好我自己。
作表语 He needs space to be himself. 他需要空间来做自己。
作同位语 You should ask the teacher herself. 你应该问老师本人。(作宾语的同位语)
常见固定搭配
help oneself (to) 随意吃/喝　　　 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 　　
teach oneself＝learn by oneself自学 make oneself at home别拘束
keep sth. to oneself保守秘密 by oneself 独自
come to oneself恢复意识 think to oneself心里想；暗自思忖
look after/take care of oneself照顾自己
say to oneself自言自语 lose oneself in 专心于；沉迷于
dress oneself 自己穿衣
注意　反身代词必须要与被指代的人或物在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人或某物自己”。如：They kept all the silk and gold for themselves. 他们把所有的丝绸和黄金都留给了自己。(RJ八下U6)
(　　)1. (2025徐州改编)Boys, whose jacket is this Somebody left ______ jacket in the dining room.
A. he B. him C. his
(　　)2. Some people think ______ a waste of time to watch all kinds of short videos online, but they just can't stop.
A. that B. this C. it
C
C
(　　)3. Gina's handwriting is better than ______， so my mother always asks me to learn from her.
A. me B. my C. mine
(　　)4. (2025广元改编)—Molly, I left my dictionary at home. Do you have ______？
—Yes. Here you are.
A. one B. it C. that
C
A
(　　)5. (2025福建)—I am going to meet Miss Chen in two days.
—Please send my best wishes to ______.
A. her B. she C. herself
How is your lunch Students at the Philips Academy Charter School in the USA say 6.___________ lunch is fresh and delicious. So what do they eat for lunch
A
their
There is a small farm at school. Students from Grade 6 to Grade 8 learn to grow vegetables 7.__________. Every month, students from different classes go to water them on the farm. They work hard and the vegetables grow well. It is students' favourite time. Growing vegetables is good for learning science. 8.__________ also helps each student have a good eating habit. 13 year old Cathy says, “This is 9.__________first time to grow vegetables. I didn't like eating vegetables before, but now I like eating 10.__________ because they taste special.”
themselves
It
my
them
考点 指示代词和疑问代词
1. 指示代词(this/that/these/those)
单复数 近指 远指 特殊用法
单数 this that (1)打电话时，常用this指代自己，that指代对方。如：
This is Mary speaking. Who's that, please 我是玛丽。请问你是谁？
(2)为了避免重复，常用that 和those指代上文提到过的人或物，且常用于比较级。that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，those指代可数名词复数。如：
①The weather in Guangzhou is much better than that in Beijing recently.
最近，广州的天气比北京(的天气)好得多。(that＝the weather)
②I like these books better than those. 我喜欢这些书胜过那些(书)。
复数 these those
2. 疑问代词
疑问代词 意义 用法 举例
who 谁 对“人”提问，可作主语、宾语和表语。 Who was your first teacher？你的第一位老师是谁？(WY七下M7)
whom 谁 who的宾格，对“人”提问，只能作宾语。 Whom are you going with 你(们)要跟谁一起去？
whose 谁的 who 的所有格，可作主语、定语、表语和宾语。 Whose gloves are they 这是谁的手套？(WY七下M1)
疑问代词 意义 用法 举例
which 哪一个； 哪些 在指定范围内对“人”或“物”提问，可作主语、定语和宾语。 Which is your favorite player？哪一个是你最喜欢的运动员？
what 什么 对“物”“职业”“外貌”“品行”等提问。 What is your mother's job 你妈妈的工作是什么？
11. —__________ skirt do you think looks better on me？—The green one.
12. —__________ did you meet on the street —My English teacher Mrs. Lane.
13. The food in John's Restaurant tastes better than __________ in The Daily Dish.
Which
Who
that
14. —__________ basketball is this
—Perhaps it's our English teacher's. He likes sports.
15. —You went to Shanghai last week. I wonder __________ you went there with.
—Oh, some of my pen friends.
Whose
whom/who
考点 不定代词
1. 常见的不定代词
(1)some/any
意义 辨析 用法 举例
一些 some 代替或修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词 多用于肯定句；也用于表建议、请求等并希望得到肯定回答的疑问句 There isn't any milk in the fridge. Why not buy some online
冰箱里没有牛奶了。为什么不在网上买一些呢？
any 多用于否定句和疑问句
(2)many/much
意义 辨析 用法 举例
许多 many 可作主语、宾语和定语 代替或修饰可数名词复数 There are many places of interest in Beijing, but I don't have much time to visit them all.
北京有很多名胜古迹，但我没有太多时间去参观全部。
much 代替或修饰不可数名词
(3)each/every
意义 辨析 用法 举例
每个 each 强调个体概念，指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”，可作为代词单独使用，可接of短语。 She gives each of us a piece of paper. 她给我们每个人一张纸。
every 强调整体概念，指三个或三个以上的人或事物中的“每个”，不能单独使用，不可接 of 短语。 Every student works hard. 每个学生都努力学习。
(4)few/a few/little/a little
意义 辨析 用法 举例
很少/ 一些 few 代替或修饰可数名词复数 表示“几乎没有” There are a few apples but few bananas in the cupboard. 橱柜里有少许苹果，但几乎没有香蕉了。
a few 表示“一些；一 点儿”
little 代替或修饰不可数名词 表示“几乎没有” There is little water in my bottle. Would you give me a little 我的瓶子里几乎没有水了。你能给我一点儿吗？
a little 表示“一些； 一点儿”
(5)both/either/neither
意义 辨析 用法 举例
(两者)都 both 作代词或作形容词修饰名词 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 常用搭配：both… and… ……和……都 Both Simon and Daniel love drawing. 西蒙和丹尼尔都喜欢画画。
意义 辨析 用法 举例
(两者中的) 任意一个 either 作代词或作形容词修饰名词 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 常用搭配：either… or… 或者……或者…… Either Tom or John must be lying. 汤姆和约翰中肯定有一个人在说谎。
(两者中) 没有一个 neither 作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。 常用搭配：neither… nor… 既不……也不…… It's all in his mind. Neither medicine nor rest can help him. (问题)出在他的思想上。无论是药物还是休息都帮不了他。(RJ九全U11)
(6)all/any/none
意义 辨析 用法 举例
(三者或 以上)都 all 作代词或作形容词修饰名词 作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用复数。 Safety is important to all of us. 安全对我们所有人都很重要。
(三者或以上中)任意一个 any 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它所指代的名词的单复数含义。 I don't like any of the four movies. 我不喜欢这四部电影中的任何一部。
意义 辨析 用法 举例
(三者或以上 中)没有一个 none 仅作 代词 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它所指代的名词的单复数含义。 It is raining heavily, but none of the students is late for school. 雨下得很大，但是没有一个学生上学迟到。
(7)the other/another/other/others/the others
意义 辨析 用法 举例
另一个 the other 只作代词，表示两者中“另一个”。常用搭配：one… the other… 一个……另一个…… Our team lost! We were beaten by the other team. 我们队输了。我们被另一队打败了。
another 可作形容词或代词，表示三者或三者以上中的“另一个”。 Mozart was another very important composer. 莫扎特是另一位非常重要的作曲家。(WY七下M12)
意义 辨析 用法 举例
其他的/ 其他/ 其余的 other 多用于修饰名词，表示“其他的”。常用搭配：each other 彼此 I think we should try to find other ways to solve the problem. 我认为我们应该尽力找其他方法来解决这个问题。(RJ八下U6)
意义 辨析 用法 举例
其他的/ 其他/ 其余的 others 只作代词，表示“其他人/物”，相当于“other＋名词复数”。常用搭配：some… others… 一些……另一些…… Some will look like humans, and others might look like animals.(others＝other robots) 有些看起来像人类，另一些可能看起来像动物。(RJ八上U7)
the others 只作代词，表示“其余的全部”，相当于“the other＋名词复数”。 Tom draws better than all the others in his class. (the others＝the other students) 汤姆画得比班上其余的人都好。
2. 复合不定代词
(1)初中常见的复合不定代词
类别 some any no every
人 somebody(某人) Anybody (任何人) Nobody (没有人) Everybody
(每人)
someone(某人) anyone(任何人) no one (没有人) everyone(每人)
物 Something (某事/物) Anything (任何事/物) Nothing (没有什么) Everything
(每件事/物)
(2)复合不定代词的用法
①复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：
Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis. 没有什么比打网球更令人愉快了。(WY 八上M3)
②当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词之后。如：
Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new. 学习是一场终身旅程，因为每天都会带来一些新的东西。(RJ九全U1)
③everyone/everybody只能指人；every one 既可指人也可指物，还可与of连用。如：
Everyone/Everybody/Every one should play a part in saving the earth. 每个人都应该为拯救地球发挥作用。
I bought a dozen eggs and every one of them was bad. 我买了一打鸡蛋，个个都是坏的。
(　　)16. Hurry up! There is ______ time left. We must set out now.
A. few B. little C. a little
(　　)17. My mom bought lots of bananas yesterday, but she hasn't eaten ______ of them.
A. some B. any C. either
B
B
(　　)18. He has made ______ progress in English. Let's invite him to share his experience.
A. many B. much C. little
(　　)19. ______ can make Lily change her mind. She is a girl who is not afraid of difficulties.
A. Everything B. Something C. Nothing
(　　)20. (2025福建)My parents love our hometown so much that ______ of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.
A. all B. both C. either
B
C
B
It was the last minute of the the marathon. However, Zhang Shun, who was over 85 years old, was still about 100 metres from the finishing line. People watched him move slowly. 21.__________ of them held their breath. Would he make it
Zhang felt confident before the race. But he had a stomachache on the way. This made him fall behind. “Shall I take a rest or stop？” he thought. 22.__________ choice seemed fine for someone at his age. But Zhang chose 23.__________ of them. He just ran on. With people cheering, he finally crossed the finishing line!
All
Either
neither
Marathon running is Zhang's lifelong dream. “In 1989, I saw Beijing Marathon runners go past my home. I just wanted to become one of them，” he said. For years, he trained 24.__________ morning in the park. He filled over 30 notebooks with his running records. 25.__________ of his family members worried or tried to stop him. They knew he enjoyed every moment.
Zhang Shun loves the sport and has no plans to stop. “If possible, I will keep running.”
every
None
1. 代词在语法选择中的应用
分析广东中考语法选择可知，代词在语法选择中的常考点为人称代词和物主代词。
(2025广东38题节选) With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create __38__ own dishes．
(　　)38. A. her B. hers C. herself
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处作定语，修饰名词dishes，应用形容词性物主代词，故选A。
2. 代词在短文填空中的应用
在近几年广东中考短文填空中，考查的代词主要有人称代词和不定代词。
(1)人称代词
(2024广东66题节选)As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of __66__ is bike riding, or biking.
解析：结合上下文可知，此处位于介词of后作宾语，且指代上文的outdoor activities，故填them。
(2)不定代词
(2025广东72题节选)For him, city development is not about building __72__ new, but about making use of what's already there in a creative way.
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处作宾语，且形容词new被后置。当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词之后，且根据句意“城市发展不是关于建造一些新的事物”，故填something。
试题精练
一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空
1. Never tell the strangers __________ personal by WeChat or QQ.
2. The students who do best in the exams are not always __________ with the best brains.
3. There will be __________ workers in the factory than before because most work will be done by robots.
my　it　anything　all　nobody　those　few　you　neither
anything
those
fewer
4. (2025武汉改编)—Sally, we should include __________ of our members in the group activity.
—Yes, __________ should be left out.
5. (2025黑龙江改编)—The math problem was difficult. Did you ask __________ teacher for help or search for __________ on the Internet
—__________. I worked it out by __________.
my　it　anything　all　nobody　those　few　you　neither
all
nobody
your
it
Neither
myself
二、短文填空微语篇
What do you want to be when you grow up 1. _________ needs to answer this question. I want to be a fashion designer. I'll design clothes for people.
I have lots of dolls and I like looking at 2. _________ clothes. I often change clothes for them. I put one doll's clothes on 3. _________ and see how it looks. Sometimes I even design different clothes for my dolls.
Everyone
their
another
Reading fashion magazines is also my hobby. They're very expensive, but my parents will pay for them if I'm really interested. They want 4. __________ to learn more. I'll try my best. Also, I think fashion can make people happy. I hope my designs can bring joy to 5. __________ people.
me
other
一、语法选择(2025汕头校级三模)
体裁：记叙文　主题：妈妈学做衣服　词数：226　难度：☆☆　
建议用时：5分钟
My mother is a tailor(裁缝). She makes clothes for people. She can make all different kinds of clothes and she always tries to make __1__ clothes beautiful.
(　　)1. A. people B. peoples' C. people's
C
At first, she didn't know how to make clothes at all! But then one day my father fell ill __2__ and we children were young. My mother had to do something to support __3__. She started trying to make our clothes. That is how she learned. Day by day, she was getting __4__ than before. When our neighbors saw our beautiful clothes, they asked my mother __5__ clothes for them, too.
(　　)2. A. serious B. seriously C. seriousness
(　　)3. A. us B. we C. our
(　　)4. A. good B. better C. the best
(　　)5. A. make B. making C. to make
B
A
B
C
But my mother __6__ by them because she was not a real tailor then. So my grandfather told my mother, “If I buy you __7__ new sewing machine(缝纫机), you can tell people ‘I will make clothes for you, but you should pay me. You can pay me __8__ you want. I will not tell you how much to pay.'” People agreed to pay my mother. Some paid her fairly, but others didn't pay her very much. But my mother didn't care because she was so happy.
(　　)6. A. didn't pay B. aren't paid C. wasn't paid
(　　)7. A. a B. an C. the
(　　)8. A. however B. whatever C. wherever
C
A
B
“If you __9__ your hopes to come true, you need to work hard，” my mother often says. Mother works so hard for us, __10__ she wants us to be happy. I'm very proud of her and I love her a lot.
(　　)9. A. want B. wants C. wanted
(　　)10. A. and B. because C. but
A
B
二、短文填空
体裁：说明文　主题：俄罗斯编程天才　词数：195　
难度：☆☆☆　建议用时：7分钟
For a lot of people, it's difficult to find a good job. 1._________an eight year old boy named Sergey has already received a great job offer. A software company (软件公司) in Russia called Pro32 has invited him to join 2._________ team.
compare　child　what　as　help　teacher　but　closely　it　how　so　make
But
its
Sergey is a coding prodigy(编程天才) from Russia. He has started to 3._________ videos about writing code since he was just five years old. He is known for his great coding skills in this field.
In his videos, Sergey looks happy and smiles a lot. He teaches people 4._________ to write code and explains coding problems in Russian and sometimes in English. These videos are 5._________ and have won great popularity. Many people watch his videos to learn programming.
compare　child　what　as　help　teacher　but　closely　it　how　so　make
make
how
helpful
Because of his videos, Pro32 offered Sergey a job 6._________ the leader of the company training. Igor Mandik, the CEO of Pro32, once 7._________ Sergey's talent to that of Mozart.
However, in Russia, 8.___________ cannot work for money until they reach the age of 14. Igor thinks Sergey will also be a great 9._________ in the future. Therefore, before Sergey reaches that age, Igor plans to work together 10._________ with his parents.
as
compared
children
teacher
closely

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