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(共17张PPT)
定语从句
语法专题复习系列之
定语： 修饰、限定名词或代词的成分。
Yetta is a lovely girl.
Yetta is a student who is in Class 3 .
who is in Class 3 .
定语从句：由一个句子来修饰、限定名词或代词，并有一个连接词引导。
认识定语从句
lovely
从句
先行词
......的
定从
主句
先 行 词
关 系 词
Nancy is a girl that is smiling.
Tracy is a boy that is active.
先行词
引导词
复合句=
= 主语+谓语
+连词+主语+谓语
=主句
+连词+从句
先行词
引导词
被定语从句所修饰的名词或者代词。
(1) 引导词=关系词→连词
(2)种类
（3）作用：
引导定语从句；
在从句中作一个成分；
关系代词
关系副词
考察重点1：关系代词
定语从句
考点一
先行词 关系代词 在定从中成分
人/物
人
物
that
who
which
主语/宾语
主语/宾语
主语/宾语
主句
先行词
从句
缺主语
She was not on the train________ arrived just now.
/which
that
主句
先行词
从句
缺宾语
Is this the book ___________ you are looking for
/which
that
/不填
关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。
关系代词的判断步骤
1.确定缺什么成分→定连词
2. 辨别先行词→人 OR 物
3.确定关系代词的人称和数
关系代词who/ whom/ whose
定语从句
偶尔考
先行词 关系代词 在定从中成分
人/物
人
物
人/物
人
that
who
which
主语/宾语
主语/宾语
主语/宾语
定语
宾语
whose
whom
主句
先行词
从句
缺宾语
I met a girl _______________ I want to marry.
/who
that
/
/whom
主句
从句
This is the man _____ job is a car engineer.
whose
先行词
缺定语
先行词是物，关系词只能用that而不用which的情况。
特殊点
①当先行词是不定代词anything，everything，all等修饰时
Was there anything you didn’t like
that
②当先行词是人+物，时
We know nothing about the hospital and the doctors _____you are talking about.
that
③当先行词是被序数词、形容词最高级the very/only/same/last修饰时时
The first place _____ they visited in London was the Big Ben.
that
The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
考查重点1：关系代词
定语从句
考点1
1. 关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。
2. 先行词有all,不定代词，序数词，最高级修饰；有人也有物的情况下，只能用that
【2022年新高考I卷】
The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
3. 只能用which的情况呢？
有逗号→非限制性定语从句
连词前面有介词
The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
只用which 的非限制性定语从句
定语从句
特殊点 2
As is known to all, China is a developing country.
He’s from the south, as is mentioned above.
John, as you know, is a famous writer.
众所周知
正如上面所提到的
你知道的
as常与从句中的know/see/hear/expect/say等连用
as is often the case 这是常有的事
as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is expected
The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
只用which 的非限制性定语从句
定语从句
特殊点 2
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
As is known to all, smoking is harmful to our health.
= Smoking is harmful to our health, as is known to all.
= Smoking, as is known to all, is harmful to our health.
比较：
Smoking is harmful to our health, which is known to all.
as which
位置 句首、句中、句末 常在主句之后
翻译 正如、就像……那样 这，这一点
填写关系代词
高考体验
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, _____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，” add an international character to Stratford -upon- Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown.
2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _______ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
3．(2024·浙江1月高考)Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____________ will make them the most money.
who
which
that/which
关系副词→ 做状语
定语从句
考点 2
主句
从句
作状语
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
先行词
主句
先行词
从句
作状语
Please tell me the reason why you are late.
主句
先行词
从句
作状语
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
in the city.
for the reason.
on the day
关系副词
定语从句
考点 2
先行词 关系副词 在定从中成分
时间
地点
原因
when
where
why
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
Please tell me the reason why you are late.
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
time, day, year
地点
in
/during
/on
/at
which
situation;stage
point;case
field; atomsphere
in
/on
/at
which
for
which
age; period
填写关系代词
高考体验
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)He picked me up at the bus station ________ he had dropped me off four days before.
2．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)I would never forget the days _______ you taught me practical writing methods with great patience.
3．(2023·北京高考改编)Rankings, however, are only one reason _____ a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.
where
when
why
= at which
= in/during which
= for which
介词＋关系代词
高考体验
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)A few minutes later, a taxi came into my sight, in ________ was exactly Gunter，still with friendly bright smile on his face.
2．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)However, the person with _________ I desired to share my joy was my teacher.
3．(2023·浙江1月高考改编)There's never a stage _____ which the system knows what it's talking about.
which
whom
at
考察重点3：从句的谓语
定语从句
考点三
I like the book that______（be）the present from Tony.
I like these books that____（be）the presents from Tony.
is
are
从句中的谓语单复数与先行词保持一致。
高考体验
1．(2021年新高考I卷)You can’t help wondering how hard it ______ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ______ (be)previously unprotected,
was
were
SZ
结构
引导词
谓语动词
关系代词
关系副词
由先行词决定
主语+谓语+连接词+从句
定语从句
做主语
做宾语
做状语
时间when
地点where
原因 why
做定语
只用that的情况
只用which的情况

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