资源简介

(共35张PPT)
高考定语从句
一轮复习
？
What is the attribute
（什么是定语？）
Part 1
一、What is the attribute
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词、名词短语或代词的品质与特征的。 主要由形容词（短语）、名词（短语）、副词（短语）、等相当于形容词的词、形容词性短语来充当。 汉语中常用“……的”表示。
定语：给所修饰的名词（人、物）
下定义
Eg：Mary is a good teacher.
玛丽一个好老师。
（什么样的老师）？
——一个好的老师）
Exercise：Find the attributive in the sentences.
形容词做定语
动词不定式做定语
形容词做定语
分词短语做定语
短语做定语
What is the attribute clause
（什么是定语从句？）
Part 2
如果要表达稍微复杂一点的意思，比如说“我不喜欢不守信用的人”，这时，简单地用形容词作定语就无能为力了，就要借助于一个句子来修饰名词， 用作名词的定语，对名词进行限制。这句话可以这样说：I don’t like people who never keep their word.这个句子就是定语从句。
用来修饰限定名词或者代词的句子就是定语从句，翻译过来为“……的”。
They have flowers which were bought yesterday.
他们有昨天买的花。
和我爸爸聊天的男人是个老板。
The man who is talking with my father is a boss.
1. Mary likes the book (that is full of good stories).
被修饰的名词
引导定语从句
定语从句
译文：玛丽喜欢这本（满是好故事的）书。
观察例句，分析定语从句的结构
2. She has an adopted child (who she says was an orphan).
定语从句的结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。通常位于定语从句之前。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
被修饰的名词
引导定语从句
定语从句
译文：她有一个领养的孩子，（她说这个孩子是个孤儿）。
that, which, who, whom, whose
where, when，why
关系词的作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在从句中充当句子成分。根据关系词在从句中充当的句子成分，关系词可以分为：关系代词和关系副词。
Relative Pronoun
Part 3
1. who：指人，充当主语或宾语（可省略）。
(1) The woman whom she lives next door is a famous dancer.
(2) I like guys who have a good sense of humor.
(3)Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moments.
先行词
指人
缺少宾语
充当
宾语
先行词
指人
充当
主语
缺少主语
先行词
指人
充当
主语
缺少主语
2. whom：指人，充当宾语（可省略）。
(1) I like the people who I work with
(2) He is the best grammar teacher whom I have everseen .
(3)It's hard to have a friend whom you can trust completely
先行词，指人
缺少宾语
先行词，指人
缺少宾语
缺少宾语
先行词，指人
3. whose：指人/物，充当定语。
(1) This homework whose author is Tony is heartbreaking.
(2)Miss Yang is an English teacher whose students don’t like English.
先行词，指物
句子完整
先行词，指人
做定语，……的
句子完整
做定语，……的
4. which：指物，充当主语或宾语（可省略）。
(1) She was not on the train which arrived just now.
(2)He never got back the money which he had lent him.
(3)This is the photo which I took.
先行词，指物
缺少主语
先行词，指物
缺少宾语
缺少宾语
先行词，指人
5. that：指人或物，充当主语或宾语（可省略)。
(1)He is an excellent man who/that writes many beatiful songs.
(2) This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.
(3)The person that we met yesterday is my math teacher.
先行词，指人
缺少主语
先行词，指物
缺少宾语
缺少宾语
先行词，指人
that，是人、物通杀的关系词，既可以替换指人的who，whom，也可以替换指物的which。
考点：指物时，只用that不用which的情况：
1.当先行词为不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。
E.g.: Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to
the police. （最后，这个小偷将他所盗窃的所有东西都交予了警方。）
2.当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时。
E.g.:This train is the first (one) that will go to Suzhou.
(这是去苏州的第一趟火车。)
考点：指物时，只用that不用which的情况：
3.当先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时。
E.g.: This is the very book that I was looking for.（这正是我当时
在寻找的书。）
4.当先行词既有人又有物时。
E.g.: Do you know the things and persons that they’re talking
about （你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗 ）
考点：指物时，只用that不用which的情况：
5.当主句是who , which开头的特殊疑问句时。
E.g.: Which of the laptops that have long battery life is
suitable for business trips （那些续航持久的笔记本电脑中，哪
台适合商务出行？）
记忆口诀：代疑双特高序（带一双特高靴）
Exercise
We don’t know the number of people lost their homes in the disaster.
Those want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7∶30 pm.
The first museum he visited in China was the History Museum.
The film you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow.
I know the person house was destroyed in the earthquake.
who/that
who
that
that/which
whose
Exercise 1
It is the tallest building Daming has seen ever since he came here.
My father bought a new bike for me price added up to more than 1,000 yuan.
③She said she would do anything could help her mother recover from the disease.
④Anyone has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
⑤The boy and the dog are in the picture are very lovely.
that
who
that
that
whose
解题技巧：如何正确选择关系词
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
找到先行词
先行词代指人还是物
从句中缺少什么成分
选定恰当的关系词
口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物
后看从句里, 有无主宾语
Relative Adverb
PART 4
关系副词的用法
1. This is the house 地点 where I lived 20 years ago 地点状语.
2. I still remember the day when I first met him.
3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me 的原因
Summary
解题技巧
一、划分主句成分，用下划线标出定语从句
二、分析定语从句中成分，判断是否缺成分，缺什么成分
①缺主语/宾语/表语/定语
②缺状语
指人who/whom/that
指物which/that
时间when
地点where
原因why
关系代词
看先行词
关系副词
看先行词
Homework
PART 5
概念填空
1. 构成要素
先行词:被定语从句修饰的 ______ 或 ______
关系词:分为________ 和________
定语从句:修饰 ____或 _____的从句,一般紧跟在______的后面。
2. 结构： ______词+______词+从句
3. 分类：____________ 和 非限制性定语从句
4.应用：可以用来描述_______ 和_______
5.翻译：“……的”
名词
代词
名词
代词
关系副词
关系代词
先行词
关系
先行
事物
人物
限制性
1. Do you still remember the earthquake ___________ happened ten years ago
2. It is a good choice for tourists ________ prefer visiting places of historical interest.
3. There was a time ______ my daughter was crazy about pop music.
4. I like those books ____________ topics are about history.
5. Any student ____________ family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
which/that
who/ that
when
whose
whose
基础训练
1. The old temple ___ the roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.
A. where B. of which C. its D. whose
2. Workaholic as I am, I really hate a job___ I have to work 7 days a week.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
3. The Great Wall is the place ___ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.
A. why B. that C. when D. where
D
D
B
基础训练
4.The old town has narrow streets and small houses ___ are built close to each other.
A. they B. where C. what D. that
5. The old temple ___ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.
A.where B. of which C. its D. whose
D
D
基础训练
THANKS

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