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(共39张PPT)
语法3： 非谓语
Review 复习
1
丁克家族
He cried.
主 + 谓
2
3
4
5
三口之家
He likes her.
主+谓+宾
Mum bought me a car.
主+谓+间宾+直宾
二胎政策
We ask him to laugh.
主+谓+宾+宾补
三代同堂
职场关系
They are busy.
主+系+表
Review 复习
皇上
(主语)
皇后
(谓语)
妃子
(非谓语)
Review ：谓语动词
do / does / did/will do
一般态
is/am/are doing
was/were doing
进行态
have done
had done
完成态
V情 + do
情态动词
be + done
被动语态
Review ：谓语动词
谓语
非谓语
朕的后宫只能有一个皇后
剩下的都是 “嫔妃”
doing
done
to do
现在分词
非谓语动词
不定式
过去分词
找谓语和非谓语
1. He scratches his foot, chatting with his friends.
2. Seeing him crying, I felt sad.
3. Seeing him bitten by a dog, I felt sad.
4. Hearing someone crying, he got off the bus.
5. I had a room to live in.
谓语
非谓语
scratches
chatting
Seeing
felt
Seeing
felt
Hearing
got
had
to live
bitten
同时做
同时做
同时做
同时做
被做
要做
非谓语
doing
done
to do
现在分词
非谓语动词
不定式
过去分词
未发生
同时 正在发生
主动
之前 已发生
表示目的
被动
Common ways of testing non-finite verbs
非谓语常见考法
1.非谓语常考形式
doing
done
动名词
形容词化
“令人…的”
形容词化
“感到…的”
to do
形容词 + to do
名词 + to do
动词 + to do
序数词、最高级+ to do
Traveling is an interesting and rewarding experience.
旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。
He is interested in traveling.
be happy to do
idea/ choice/chance...
Girls tend to like pink.
做主语
在系动词后做表语
做定语
做宾语
I am the first to finish homework.
做定语
1. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather, the structure stays _________ (close) to protect the plants.closed
2. (2021·全国甲卷)It is possible ________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.to walk
3. (2021·全国乙卷)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __________ (educate) about the areas ...educated
P381 考点3
[高考体验]
to walk
educated
closed
[高考体验]
1．(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend _________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
2．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)He decided ___________ (build) what he would later call an eco -machine.
3．(2021·全国甲卷)After ___________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
4．(2021·全国乙卷)Minimize the impact of __________ (visit) the place.
to catch
to build
spending
visiting
P382 考点4
非谓语做宾语
只接to do的
只接doing 的
非谓语做定语的注意事项
原则 1：只考虑主被动 和
正在做还是已经完成
一个睡着的孩子
a sleeping child
一个睡在床上的孩子
a child sleeping on the bed
一张坏了的椅子
a broken chair
一张在暴风雨中坏了的椅子
a chair broken in the storm
正在落下的叶子
falling leaves
落叶
fallen leaves
原则2：前短后长
[高考体验]
P381 考点2
2．(2023·全国乙卷)...it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ______ (build) system of ring roads.
3．(2022·全国甲卷)A visually- challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step ________ (journey) the Belt and Road route by foot.
1．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to __________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
visiting
built
to journey
4．(2023·全国甲卷) Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___________ (intend) for everyone.
intended
2. 非谓语做状语
doing
done
to do
现在分词
非谓语动词
不定式
过去分词
意料之外的结果
目的
意料之中的结果
主动
被动
only to do
①Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky.
② A city is the product of the human hand and mind, reflecting man's intelligence and creativity.
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days _________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
2．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) __________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said ...
3．(2024·北京高考)Just then, some kids ran at him, ___________ (knock) his books out of his arms.
4．(2023·全国乙卷) _______________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
[高考体验]
to give
Recalling
knocking
Having visiting
3. 非谓语做补语
with/without＋宾语(名词/代词)＋宾语补足语
①The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them.
这对老夫妇常常在晚饭后到公园里散步，他们的宠物狗则在后面跟着。
②With such a short time left before the deadline, it doesn't seem likely that John will finish the job.
离截止日期不远了，约翰似乎不可能完成这项工作。
3. 非谓语做补语
with/without＋宾语(名词/代词)＋宾语补足语
感官动词
使役动词 have/get sb done
leave
Main Members of Sentences
非谓语的时态
非谓语
doing
done
to do
现在分词
非谓语动词
不定式
过去分词
时态
语态
先后关系
主动、被动
未发生
to be done
同时 正在发生
之前 已发生
非谓语的时态
在谓语动词之前
having done
之前
与谓语动词同时
doing
同时
在谓语动词之后
to do
之后
非谓语的时态
Having worn my Long Johns, I felt warm then.
穿了秋裤，我觉得很暖和。
先 “穿好” 秋裤
后 “感到” 暖和
Having worn
felt
非谓语的时态
Having been kept in the fridge for 2 weeks,
the food has gone bad.
食物被放在冰箱里两周后，坏了。
先 “被存放” 在冰箱里，
后 “坏了”
Having been kept
has gone
链接高考
肥
猪
被
食
肥猪被食
__________________ (tell) many times,
she still can’t remember it.
例
动词
tell
谓语？
非谓语？
can’t remember
有主语
形式完整
非谓语
谓语
主：找到逻辑主语
猪
she ？
it ？
it
she
to tell/telling/ told
肥猪被食
__________________ (tell) many times,
she still can’t remember it.
例
被：判断主被动
被
她告知很多次 ？
她被告知很多次 ？
她告知很多次
她被告知很多次
时：与谓语的时间关系
食
被告知，记不住 ？
记不住，被告知 ？
记不住，被告知
被告知，记不住
被动+之前
having been done
Having been told
to tell/telling/ told →be told
be told →之前 having done
肥猪被食
例
动词
solve
谓语？
非谓语？
are
有主语
形式完整
非谓语
谓语
There are still many problems (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
主：找到逻辑主语
猪
problems？
there
there
problems
to solve/solving/ solved
肥猪被食
例
There are still many problems (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
被：判断主被动
被
问题自己解决自己 ？
问题被解决 ？
问题自己解决自己
问题被解决
时：与谓语的时间关系
食
问题要解决？
问题已/正解决？
问题已/正解决
问题要解决
被动+之后
to be sovled
to be solved
be solved
to do+be solved
肥猪被食
例
动词
tend
谓语？
非谓语？
became
有主语
形式完整
非谓语
谓语
___________________ (tend) for half a year, my grandma became far better.
主：找到逻辑主语
猪
my grandma
to tend/tending/ tended
肥猪被食
例
___________________ (tend) for half a year, my grandma became far better.
被：判断主被动
被
我的奶奶主动照顾
我的奶奶被照顾？
我的奶奶被照顾？
我的奶奶主动照顾
时：与谓语的时间关系
食
先被照顾，再变好？
先变好，再照顾？
先变好，再照顾？
先被照顾，再变好？
被动+之后
having been tended
Having been tended
be tended
having done
肥猪被食
例
动词
enjoy
谓语？
非谓语？
was
有主语
形式完整
非谓语
谓语
The park was full of people, ____(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
to do/doing/done
主：找到逻辑主语
猪
people？
the park
the park
people
肥猪被食
例
The park was full of people, _________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
被：判断主被动
被
人 被享受？
人主动享受？
人 被享受
人主动享受？
时：与谓语的时间关系
同时发生
食
enjoying
肥猪被食
肥 --- 判断考点为非谓语动词
猪 --- 找到逻辑主语
被 --- 判断主被动
食 --- 与谓语动词的时间先后
Homework
Homework
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Its function varies widely __________ (depend) on the culture.
2．Hangzhou is the third Chinese city __________ (host) the Asian Games.
3．First of all, _________ (become) aware of what causes your worry will help to reduce the stress.
4．The assignment，________________ (complete) by tomorrow, requires careful research and attention to detail.
5．They start building their huts late in the summer, but do not get them __________ (finish) before the early frost.
depending
to host
becoming
to be completed
finished
Homework
6．The company has announced a new vehicle _______(design)to meet various demands of future transportation and business applications.
7．______ (stabilize) economic growth, various measures are being taken to expand domestic demand.
8．If you find it difficult _______ (fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to develop a healthy sleeping habit in the evening.
9．Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had difficulty ___________ (determine) “which came first, the chicken or the egg？”
10．_______________ (finish) their homework, the students gathered in the courtyard, eager to share their exciting plans for the weekend.
designed
To stabilize
to fall
determining
Having finished
Homework
Ⅱ.语篇填空(用非谓语动词知识填空)
The idea of 1.______ (be) able to walk on the water has long interested humans greatly.Sadly，biological facts prevent us ever 2.______________ (accomplish) such a thing without artificial aid — we simply weigh too much, and all our mass (质量) pushes down through our relatively small feet, 3. ___________ (result) in a lot of pressure that makes us 4. ______ (sink)．
being
accomplishing
resulting
sink
Homework
However, several types of animals can walk on the water.One of the most 5. ___________ (interest) animals is the Common Basilisk, a lizard (蜥蜴) native to Central and South America.It can run across the water for a distance of several meters, avoiding 6. ________(get) wet by rapidly 7. ________ (hit) the water's surface with its feet.The lizard will take as many as 20 steps per second to keep 8. ________(move) forward.For humans 9. _______ (do) this, we'd need huge feet 10.__________ (create) adequate “hitting”．
interesting
getting
hitting
moving
to do
to create
Homework
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．My daughter hugged me tightly, ____________________.
我女儿紧紧地拥抱着我，眼里充满了泪水。
2．“I am so happy for you，” my teacher said, ___________________.
“我真为你高兴，”我的老师边说边点头看着我。
3．With _____________, we walked on, crickets chirping in the background.
太阳落山了，我们继续往前走，蟋蟀在一旁鸣叫。
(with) tears filling her eyes
(with) nodding and looking
at me
the sun setting
4．__________ the sudden turn of events, she ____________, unsure of how to react.
她对事情的突然转变感到惊讶，站在那里一动不动，不知该如何反应。
5．_________________, he is committed to reading his favorite novel every night before bed.
为了提高英语水平，他每晚睡前都要读他最喜欢的小说。
Surprised by
stood frozen
To improve his English

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