2026届高考英语二轮复习:简单句的基本句型 课件 (共28张PPT)

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2026届高考英语二轮复习:简单句的基本句型 课件 (共28张PPT)

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(共28张PPT)
简单句的基本句型
一句话搞懂英语八大句子成分
I saw my friend Jack dancing in the room and he was happy.
主语
谓语
定语
宾语
同位语
宾补
状语

表语
句子是一家,八人来帮它;
主谓宾表补,定状同位语。
八大句子成分
口诀助记:

1.主语+谓语(S+Vi)
They play. 他们 玩耍。
I sing. 我 唱歌。
不及物动词:本身意思完整,后不需要加宾语的动词。
主语
谓语
vi. Intransitive verb
不及物动词
发出者
动作
及物动词 & 不及物动词
hate
love
come
jump
主语+谓语(vi.)(+介词+宾语)
I wait my favorite song.
I listen the radio.
for
to

vt.
gives
shows
He
me
a book.
He
me
his pen.
主语
谓语
宾语
宾语
人 物
间接
直接
3. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
(S+V+IO+DO)
He breaks her heart.
I love the songs.
主语
谓语
宾语
发出者
承受者
动作
2.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语(S+V+O)
vt.transitive verb及物动词
My father gives me a hug.
My father gives a hug to me.
My mother cooks us a meal.
My mother cooks a meal for us.
带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语放在间接宾语之前,必须加上to或for。
九 给 一 带 to 不少,
买 画 制作 选择 for。
借助to 的动词:
give 给,offer给予
pass 递给,hand递给
lend 借给,send送给
post 寄给,return还给
sell 买给,show给...看
借助for 的动词:
买 buy sb sth=buy sth for sb
画 draw sb sth=draw sth for sb
制作 make sb sth
=make sth for sb
选择choose sb sth
= choose sth for sb
九给
sb sth
sth to sb
一带 bring sb sth/ bring sth to sb
makes
makes
He
It
me
me
sad.
happy.
主语
谓语
vt
宾补
宾语
4. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
(S+V+O+OC)
宾语与宾补的关系相当于逻辑上的主系表关系
补语:对宾语进一步作补充说明,意思才够完整和明确,又称宾语补足语。通常由形容词、名词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等充当。
We make our classroom
We called the bird
Our teacher told us
I saw Jack
I had my bike
clean.
"Polly".
to do homework.
playing under the tree.
repaired.
用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,以使句子结构平衡,是英语常用的句型结构方式。
即:主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语
这类动词有 find,think,believe,suppose...
I found it difficult to learn English.
are
am
They
I
back.
a student.
主语
系动词
表语
5. 主语+系动词+表语(S+Link V.+P)
说明主语的身份、特征、性质或状态。
系动词分类:
1. be
2. 感官动词:
3. 表保持类的
4. 表变化类的
5. 表示似乎,好像
am、is、are、was、were
look ,sound , smell ,taste,feel
keep,remain,stay
get,turn,go,fall,become,grow
seem,appear
主语和宾语可以有修饰语
The boy is a teacher.
handsome
math
The boy is a teacher.
in the classroom
定语:修饰、限定、说明名词或代词
前置定语
后置定语
类型6:There be+主
There is a cup of coffee and three bottles on the table.
There are three bottles and
a cup of coffee on the table.
就近原则
此句型是由“There+be+主语+状语”构成,用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……”。 它其实是倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词 be 之后。
此句型有时不用be动词,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等.
There stands a hill in the middle of the park.
Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致,有时态和情态变化。如:
现在有 there is/are …
过去有 there was/were…
将来有 there will be…;there is /are going to be...
现在已经有 there has/have been…
可能有 there might be...
肯定有 there must be …/there must have been...
过去曾经有 there used to be …
似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …
碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …
There is a nice schoolbag on the desk.
Last week, I went to Shanghai for a meeting.
Little Tom looked very excited yesterday.
He has invited Mary to help him.
Lisa bought two books in the new bookshop.
Hu Bing passed me a bottle of water after meal.
根据所给句子写出对应结构
There is a nice schoolbag on the desk.
Last week, I went to Shanghai for a meeting.
Little Tom looked very excited yesterday.
He has invited Mary to help him.
Lisa bought two books in the new bookshop.
Hu Bing passed me a bottle of water after meal.
There be



目的状



时间状



目的状



地点状


间宾
直宾
二、写出英语五种基本句型结构
1.太阳升起。/他们大声笑了。(主+谓)______________________
2.她是一名医生。/这首歌听起来很动听。(主+系+表)__________
3.他每晚读书。/她喜欢画画。(主+谓+宾)_____________________
4.妈妈给我买了一个新包。(主+谓+间宾+直宾)________________
5.我们让他开心了。/我看见她在公园里跳舞。(主+谓+宾+宾补)
Homework
太阳升起。
_____________________________
1.主 + 谓(S+Vi)
他们大声笑了。
_____________________________
They laughed loudly.
The sun rises.
2.主 + 系 + 表(S+Link.V+P)
她是一名医生。
_____________________________
这首歌听起来很动听。
______________________________
She is a doctor.
The song sounds beautiful.
3.主 + 谓 + 宾(S+V+O)
他每晚读书。
____________________________________
她喜欢画画。
__________________________________
He reads books every night.
She loves painting.
4.主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾(S+V+IO+DO)
妈妈给我买了一个新包。
————————————————————
My mother bought me a new bag.
My mother bought a new bag for me.
5.主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补(S+V+O+OC)
我们让他开心了。
——————————————-
我看见她在公园里跳舞。
——————————————————
I saw her dancing in the park.
We made him happy.

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