资源简介

(共44张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题八　动词的时态(3年7考)
一般现在时
1．一般现在时的结构
一般现在时的结构是“主语＋am/is/are＋其他”或“主语＋动词原形/第三人称单数＋其他”，常见的标志词有often、usually、sometimes、every day、once a week、on Monday等。
2．一般现在时的用法
用法 说明 例句
表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态 常与always、often、usually、sometimes、every day等频度副词或时间状语连用 I leave home for school at 7 every day.
表示客观事实或普遍真理 如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句也要用一般现在时 ◇The earth goes around the sun.
◇He said light travels faster than sound.
用法 说明 例句
表示已预先计划或安排好的将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来 常见的动词有come、go、move、leave、arrive、start等 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来 主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时 ◇I'll tell you when I arrive in Beijing tomorrow.
◇I'll go fishing if the weather is fine next week.
1．My schoolbag ____(be) different from Mike's.
2．To make our hometown more beautiful, we ______(plant) many trees and flowers every year.
3．These pets _________(require) a lot of care and attention.
4．Jenny is an early bird. She _______(get) up at 6：00 in the morning.
5．We will begin our class meeting as soon as everyone _____________ (arrive)．
is
plant
require
gets
arrives
一般过去时
1．一般过去时的结构
一般过去时的结构是“主语＋was/were或动词过去式＋其他”。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。
(1)规则变化(见专题七知识点1中的过去式的变化规则)
(2)不规则变化需特别记忆
2．一般过去时的用法
用法 说明 例句
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态 常与yesterday、last week、an hour ago、the other day、in 1981等表示过去的时间状语连用 Where did you go just now？
表示过去的习惯或某一段时间经常性的动作 常与always、usually、often、sometimes、never等频度副词连用 When I was a child, I often played in the yard.
用法 说明 例句
用于since引导的时间状语从句中 主句如果用现在完成时，从句要用一般过去时 He has worked in the school since he moved here in 2020.
6．(2025龙东地区)The bird heard the sound of the cars and ________ (fly) away.
7．He ___________(do not) have breakfast because he woke up late this morning.
8．I ________(take) the bus to school every day when I was in primary school.
flew
didn't
took
9．I ________(go) to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there yesterday.
10．Since Tom ____________(join) the club, he has made many like－minded friends.
went
joined
一般将来时
1．一般将来时的结构
一般将来时的结构是“主语＋shall/will/be going to＋动词原形＋其他”，常见的标志词有tomorrow、this evening、next week、in the future等。
2．一般将来时的用法
用法 说明 例句
表示将来会发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用 表达没有主观性，是“纯粹的将来动作” ◇I will be free tomorrow.
◇He'll arrive here tonight.
表示事先考虑、打算、计划要做的事时，用“be going to＋动词原形” 表示主语的意图、打算 He is going to spend his holidays in London.
用法 说明 例句
主语是I 或we时，问句中使用shall 表示征求对方的意见 When shall we meet tomorrow morning？
be about to＋动词原形 表示即将发生的动作 The new school year is about to begin.
注：be about to后面的动作在说话的瞬间即将开始，强调“事情已经迫在眉睫”；be going to虽然也指将来，但时间上不如be about to紧迫。
11．这个星期天，我和Jane打算去野餐。
Jane and I are __________ ____ have a picnic this Sunday.
12．我在等一个朋友。恐怕我要晚点点餐。
I'm waiting for a friend. I'm afraid I ______ _______ later.
13．这次考试后，你将有一个美好的假期。
After this exam, you ________ ________ a wonderful holiday.
going
to
will
order
will
have
14．电影马上要开始了。
The movie is ________ ____ begin.
15．明天他们将为校园艺术节张贴海报。
They ______ ______ up a poster for the school art festival tomorrow.
about
to
will
put
现在进行时
1．现在进行时的结构
现在进行时的结构是“主语＋am/is/are＋动词的现在分词＋其他”。
2．现在进行时的用法
用法 说明 例句
表示现在正在进行的动作 在句中常有now等时间状语或look、listen 等提示词语 ◇He is waiting for you at the school gate now.
◇Look! The man is flying a kite at the square.
用法 说明 例句
表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态 说话时未必在做，是现阶段正在进行的动作或所处的状态 Mr.Green is writing another novel these days.
现在进行时表将来，常指按计划或安排在不久的将来将要发生的动作 常用的动词有come、go、leave、arrive、start等 They are leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
表示现阶段反复发生的动作或存在的状态 与always、forever 等词连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩 You are always changing your mind.
16．越来越多的人正在使用AI来帮助他们工作。
More and more people ______ __________ AI to help them with their work.
17．外面正在刮大风，你最好待在家里。
The wind ___ __________ strongly outside, so you'd better stay at home.
18．由于环境保护，山越来越绿了。
Thanks to environmental protection, the mountains ______ ___________ ________________ greener and greener.
are
using
is
blowing
are
getting/
becoming/turning
19．Tom此刻正在遛狗。
Tom ____ __________ the dog at the moment.
20．Jack，安静点！你的小妹妹正在睡觉。
Jack, be quiet! Your little sister ____ ___________.
21．我们明天要去上海。
We ______ __________ for Shanghai tomorrow.
is
walking
is
sleeping
are
leaving
过去进行时
1．过去进行时的结构
过去进行时的结构是“主语＋was/were＋动词的现在分词＋其他”。
2．过去进行时的用法
用法 说明 例句
表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态 有特定的时间，如at that time、at that moment、at this time yesterday等，或when、while等引导的时间状语从句 It was raining when they left the station.
用法 说明 例句
表示过去反复发生的动作或存在的状态 与always、forever 等词连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩 My grandfather was always forgetting things.
用过去进行时表示过去将发生的动作 常用的动词有come、go、leave、arrive、start等 He said he was leaving for London soon.
22．爸爸在厨房里煮晚餐的时候，我和妈妈在准备父亲节礼物。
My mother and I ________ _____________ Father's Day gifts while my father was cooking dinner in the kitchen.
23．我正在接电话，这时有人敲门。
I _____ ____________ the phone when someone knocked at the door.
24．昨天这个时候我和朋友们在游泳。
I ______ ______________ with my friends at this time yesterday.
25．我当时不知道他要来参加派对。
I didn't know he ______ __________ to the party.
were
preparing
was
answering
was
swimming
was
coming
现在完成时
1．现在完成时的结构
现在完成时的结构是“主语＋have/has＋动词的过去分词＋其他”。
(1)过去分词的规则变化(同动词的过去式的规则变化)
(2)过去分词的不规则变化需特别记忆
2．现在完成时的用法
用法 说明 例句
表示动作发生在过去或已经完成，对现在产生了影响 常与already、yet、just、so far、lately、recently、before等连用；不能同特定的时间状语连用(如in 1989、three days ago) She has lost her wallet.
用法 说明 例句
表示动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，该类用法中要求谓语动词必须使用延续性动词 常与till now、so far、in the past few days等连用；常与“for＋时间段”“since＋时间点/时间状语从句”连用 They have learned English for eight years.
3．一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
说明 例句
一般过去时陈述以前发生的事情，单纯叙述过去，与现在无关 I saw this film yesterday.昨天我看了这部电影。
现在完成时强调过去发生的事对现在的影响 I have seen this film.我已经看过这部电影了。
4．瞬间动词与延续性动词
说明 例句
瞬间动词表示动作瞬间完成，可以有现在完成时态，但不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 He has borrowed the book. ( )
He has borrowed the book since last week.
( )
He has kept the book since last week. ( )
延续性动词表示动作可以长时间延续下去或产生持久的影响，常与表示一段时间的状语连用 He has left the factory for three years. ( )
He has been away from the factory for three years. ( )
√
×
√
×
√
注：许多瞬间动词可以用意思相同或相近的延续性动词来表示。如：leave→be away(from)、arrive/reach→be at/in、begin→be on、come/go→be in/at、finish→be over、buy→have、borrow→keep、die→be dead、join→be in/be a member of。
26．自从来到北京，他已经习惯了这里的生活。
He ______ ________ used to the life here since he came to Beijing.
27．到目前为止，这位运动员已经四次参加冬奥会了。
So far, the player has _______ _____ in the Winter Olympics four times.
28．我父母在北京出差整整一个星期了，所以这些天我和祖父母住在一起。
My parents _______ ________ in Beijing on business for a whole week, so I live with my grandparents these days.
has
been
taken
part
have
been
29．大明成为学校太空俱乐部的成员已经两年了。
Daming ______ ________ a member of the school space club for two years.
has
been
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．当我到达时，我发现很多人躺在沙滩上。
I found that many people ______ ________ on the beach when I arrived.
2．事虽难，做则必成。
Difficult as the task is, ____ ______ get the job done if we keep working at it.
were
lying
we
will
3．骑行能帮助我们节能而且不会污染空气。
Cycling can help us save energy and ___________________air pollution.
4．据说Alex自2010年来中国以后就在研究茶文化。
It's said that Alex ______ __________ tea culture since he came to China in 2010.
5．只要我们打败旧的自己，我们将拥有新的人生。
As long as we defeat our old selves, we _______ ___________ a new life in the future.
won't/doesn't cause
has
studied
will
have/own
6．将会有越来越多的人来贵州旅游。
There ______ ____ more and more people traveling to Guizhou.
7．如果一个人总是礼貌地对待他人，他或她就会得到别人的尊重。
If someone _________ __________ others politely, he or she will receive respect from others.
8．他昨天赢得了比赛的一等奖。
____ ______ first prize in the competition yesterday.
will
be
always
treats
He
won
9．学生们正在听关于急救知识的讲座。
The students _____ ____________ to a lecture on first aid.
10．真正的快乐源于给予，而不是索取。
True happiness ___________ _______ giving, not receiving.
are
listening
is/comes
from
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．The teacher told us that the earth __________(travel) around the sun.
2．Sorry, Bob. I _______________(drive) at the moment. Can I call you back later
3．We had a school trip last month and I ________(enjoy) every minute of it.
4．—Have you ever _________(ride) a horse before
—Yes, I just rode a horse last month.
travels
am driving
enjoyed
ridden
5．We are sure the fog _________________(disappear) soon and we can drive back home safely.
6．While we _________________(sing) an English song，some visitors came into our classroom.
7．Mr. Smith ________________(work) at the Natural History Museum for more than 10 years, so he knows a lot about insects.
8．Linda ___________(review) her notes before doing homework every day.
will disappear
were singing
has worked
reviews
9．When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ______________ (help) an old man cross the road.
10．My grandma __________(know) a lot about Traditional Chinese Medicine and helps many people.
was helping
knows
三、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)
Hongya Village is located in Ningxia, in northwest of China.It has 1. ________(be) a tourist place for several years.Most people are interested in the culture of Old Lanes, which is an old street in Hongya Village.
In 2016，the local government 2. ________(decide) to develop tourism. However，with few tourist attractions(吸引力)，it was difficult to keep visitors for a long time.
been
decided
To help solve the problem，villagers 3. _________(express) their ideas. They said，“If we 4. ___________(create) something special here，visitors will notice the difference in our village.” In the end, they all agreed to make full use of its cultural traditions to show people special performances.
Then some villagers began to set up traditional handicraft(手工) workshops while others were 5. _________(introduce) the shows of Longde's old cultures.Also，they spread the local hot pot dishes.One of the villagers，Yang Guoquan, 6. ____________(open) a paper-cutting workshop with his excellent paper-cutting skills.Since last year, the popularity of his workshop has 7. ________(keep) their street lively.
expressed
create
introducing
opened
kept
There are also eight connected old courtyards in Hongya Village.Each courtyard 8. ______(have) its own special attraction，and together they form a meaningful cultural zone.
Nowadays，villagers are 9. ____________(enjoy) a happier life because visitors come to the Old Lanes all year round. Everyone 10. _________ (know) that the beauty of Hongya Village lies in its lively pared with business, it keeps more old traditions.
has
enjoying
knows
(二)(2025铜仁三模改编)
Do you like to sit together with your family and drink tea after meals For thousands of years, tea has 1. ________(be) a popular drink in China. China is one of the first countries to grow tea in the world. Now it recently has 2. ____________(catch) the world's eye. Chinese tea culture has won global attention. On Nov. 29th, 2024, the ways of making traditional Chinese tea 3. ___________(enter) the Intangible Cultural Heritage List(非物质文化遗产名录).
been
caught
entered
Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea. Today there are many tea traditions. For example, hosts 4. ______________(welcome) guests with hot tea. Boiling tea is very old. It 5. ________(start) in Tang Dynasty. Later in Ming Dynasty, people 6. _______ (find) a faster way — steeping(冲泡) tea with hot water.
But now boiling tea is 7. ________________(become) popular again! On Xiaohongshu App, the topic “boiling tea around stove” 8. ______(have) over 40,000 posts(帖子). People sit around a stove as they boil tea on it. They 9. ______(eat) nuts or bake oranges on the stove, too. As one post on Xiaohongshu 10. ________(say), “It is very relaxing to drink hot tea and chat with best friends.” This shows how tea still connects people in China today.
welcome
started
found
becoming
has
eat
says(共37张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题三　代词(3年6考)
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性 物主代词
第一 人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二 人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性 物主代词
第三 人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
1. 人称代词主格通常作主语，宾格常作宾语和表语。
2. 形容词性物主代词用于名词前作定语，不能单独使用；当表示强调时，形容词性物主代词与own连用，表示“某人自己的”。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，具有名词的特征，须单独使用。
3. 反身代词可作宾语、表语和同位语。反身代词常见短语：
teach oneself＝learn by oneself自学　help oneself 随便吃
by oneself独自地，单独 dress oneself自己穿衣服
enjoy oneself玩得开心 lose oneself迷路
注：多个人称代词同时出现的顺序：单数是you, he/she and I；复数是we, you and they。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Helping other people will make us feel good. Perhaps we can help 1. ______(we) brothers or sisters with their homework. Besides, we can wash a neighbor's car. It's useful to get along with him or 2. ______(she). It may only take a few minutes, but it can make a big difference to 3. _______(they) life.
our
her
their
Charities in the communities work hard to raise money and help more people. And we can collect old things and give 4. ________(they) to people who are in need. Sharing our kindness through small actions can also warm people. For example, we can make a meal for parents by 5. _____________ (we). Let's act now!
them
ourselves
指示代词
1．this/these与that/those
单数 复数 用法 例句
this these 指在空间和时间上较近的事物 This city is very beautiful.
that those 指在空间和时间上较远的事物 Those are my favorite flowers.
注：在电话用语中，称呼自己用this，称呼对方用that。如：
—Who's that, please
—Hello! This is Bob speaking.
2．it、one、that作代词的区别
代词 用法 例句
it 指上文提到过的事物(同类同物) This room is mine. It is small but tidy.
one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个(同类不同物) The dresses are pretty, and I want to buy one.
that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数，如果指代可数名词复数要用those，避免重复 ◇The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong.
◇The trees outside the yard are taller than those inside.
3．多功能it的用法
用法 例句
当对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看(听)不出来时，常用it代替和当时某一事件、某一动作相关的那个人 Look at the baby! It's lovely！
表示时间、天气、季节、距离等 It's an hour's walk from my home to the school.
用于上文提及的内容 You mustn't play on the road.It's dangerous.
用法 例句
用作形式主语，常用于“It's＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”“It takes/took sb.…to do…”“It's time to do sth./for sth.”“It's one's turn to do sth.”“It seems that…”等句型中 ◇It's important for us to keep the water clean.
◇It took me a week to finish reading the book.
用作形式宾语，常用于“sb.＋动词＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型中，与之搭配的动词有find、think、make、consider、feel等 He found it not easy to learn a language well.
one　 these　 it　 those
6．These are my pens, Jane. Are ________ your pens on that desk
7．Look at ________ nice flowers. Grandma often waters them.
8．Where did you buy the watch I want to get ______.
9．I find ____ hard for me to make new friends because of my shyness.
those
these
one
it
不定代词
1．不定代词的判定
(1)根据定义判断：不指明代替任何特定名词的代词。如：somebody，anything。
(2)根据用法判断：既可以置于名词前，又可以指代名词。如：many boys，all of you。
2．普通不定代词的辨析
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
some, any (1)都是“一些”的意思，都可以修饰或指代可数名词或不可数名词 (2)some多用于肯定句中；any多用于否定句、疑问句中 (3)表示请求、邀请或征求意见的问句，通常要用 some而不用any ◇Tom has some books.
◇Do you have any questions
◇He doesn't have any pens.
◇Would you like to have some water？
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
few, a few (1)few修饰或指代可数名词复数，表示否定 (2)a few修饰或指代可数名词复数，表示肯定 ◇He has few friends.
◇He has a few friends.
little, a little (1)little修饰或指代不可数名词，表示否定 (2)a little修饰或指代不可数名词，表示肯定 ◇There is little water.
◇There is still a little water left.
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
many, much (1)many修饰或指代可数名词复数 (2)much修饰或指代不可数名词 ◇Many boys are interested in e－games.
◇The toy cost much money.
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
both, either， neither (1)both 指两者都 (2)either指两者中的任意一个(修饰或指代可数名词单数) (3)neither指两者都不(修饰或指代可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数) ◇He is blind in both eyes.
◇There're no trees on either side of the river.
◇Neither answer is right.
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
all, none (1)all指三者或三者以上都，可修饰或指代可数名词复数和不可数名词 (2)none指三者或三者以上都不(作主语时，多与of构成短语none of，谓语动词用单复数均可)；既可指人又可指物 ◇Are they all students
◇None of the films is/are nice.
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
each, every (1)each 指两者或两者以上，侧重于个体 (2)every指三者或三者以上，侧重整体；不能单独使用，只有与名词连用或构成复合词时，才能作主语和宾语 ◇There are trees on each side of the road.
◇Every child enjoys the Spring Festival.
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
another， other， others， the other, the others (1)another“又一；另外的”，既可作形容词又可作代词 (2)other“另外/其他一些”，后接名词 (3)others“另外/其他一些人或物”，后不接名词 ◇Will you sing another song
◇She's ready to help other people.
◇We should think of others.
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
another， other， others， the other, the others (4)the other表示“两者/部分中的另一个/部分” (5)the others＝the other＋名词复数，表示“剩余的人或物”(其后不接名词) ◇Tom has two pets. One is a dog, and the other is a bird.
◇I have some pens.Two of them are red, and the others are blue.
3. 复合不定代词
分类 some－ any－ no－ every－ 用法
人 somebody anybody nobody everybody (1)作单数，表示“某物”“某人”等
(2)在修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词之后，如：something new
someone anyone no one everyone
物 something anything nothing everything
10．I've visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don't like __________ of them very much.
11．Some people enjoy pizza, but __________ prefer traditional Chinese food.
12．Excuse me! May I speak to Linda I have ____________ important to tell her.
either
others
something
others something either
疑问代词
1．疑问代词的判定
疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词，如what、which、who、whom和whose，用于特殊疑问句中，一般放句首，并在句中充当句子成分。
2．疑问代词的用法
疑问代词 词义及用法 例句
what “什么”； 询问外貌、职业、身份等 ◇What class is he in
◇What is her father？
疑问代词 词义及用法 例句
which “哪个；哪些”； 询问特定范围内的选择 ◇Which is better
◇Which city do you like best
who “谁(主格)”； 询问人物、身份，在句子中作主语 Who helped you with your homework？
疑问代词 词义及用法 例句
whom “谁(宾格)”； 询问人物，在句子中作宾语 Whom did you visit last Sunday
whose “谁的”； 询问所属关系，在句子中作定语 Whose bike was lost yesterday？
注：在口语中who可以代替whom。
用合适的疑问代词完成下列句子。
13．—__________ clothes are these
—They are those players'.
14．________ is the population of Guiyang
15．________ dress should I wear to the party
Whose
What
Which
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．他发现冬天去哈尔滨旅游非常有趣。
He _____________ ____ very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.
2．这些是你新学校的同学吗？
______ ________ your classmates from your new school
finds/found
it
Are
these
3．今天轮到我拖地了。
______ ____ ______ to mop the floor today.
4．看起来今天要下雨了。
____ ________ that it's going to rain today.
5．和父母进行恰当的交流是对我们有好处的。
_______ _______ for us to have proper communication with our parents.
6．瓶子里有一些水。
There is __ _______ water in the bottle.
It's
my
turn
It
seems
It's
good
a
little
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．You will find happiness when you learn to accept ________________ (you) for who you are.
2．I found your lost keys. I'll bring ________(they) to you later.
3．Jenny can't see _____________(something) because it is dark here.
4．The well-used ping-pong bat is hers and the red one is _____(I)．
5．To ______(we) surprise, many students choose to exercise outside at weekends instead of playing computer games.
yourself/yourselves
them
anything
mine
our
三、完形第一节 (核心素养：思维品质)
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选择出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．something B．others C．none D．himself　E．Which　F．many
Aron Jiang is a boy with many interests.A year ago, he became interested in the Rubik's Cube(魔方)．
At first, he just learned to do the Rubik's Cube by 1.__．Later, his mother told him that an organization wanted young volunteers to give free classes to children who are interested in it, and he decided to give it a try.
Online teaching was sometimes not so easy.
Some Rubik's Cube moves were difficult to show to the students. He had to repeat them 2. __ times to make his students understand.But he did not give up even if he met 3. __ difficult.
D
F
A
A．something B．others C．none D．himself　E．Which　F．many
When talking about his favorite part, he pointed out that he could teach 4. __ what he enjoyed, hoping that they would enjoy it, too. When being asked “5. __ thing do you enjoy best？”， he always said with a smile, “Teaching makes me happy.”Later, he won a national award which was both unexpected and exciting for him.
B
E
A．something B．others C．none D．himself　E．Which　F．many
四、语言运用第二节(五育之劳育)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I took part in the labor(劳动)practice today. We were divided into several groups, and each group mainly cleaned a part of the park.1. ____(I) group cleaned an area near the rubbish bin. The teacher told 2. ____(we) to pick up all the rubbish. Everyone was very tired, but we were very happy to see the whole park get 3. ______(it) new look.
My
us
its
This experience taught 4. ____(I) the importance of taking action to protect the environment. We all have the responsibility to protect 5. ______ (we) planet, and small actions like picking up rubbish can make a big difference.
me
our(共27张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题四　数词(3年1考)
基数词
1．基数词的构成
基数词 构成 例子
1～12 无规律 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
13～19 以-teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen， nineteen
基数词 构成 例子
20～99 整十数字，以-ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
非整十数字，十位和个位之间加“－” twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three
101～999 百位后用and，十位和个位之间加“－” one hundred and six, three hundred and forty-two
基数词 构成 例子
大于1 000的 从右往左数，每三位数加个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand，第二个逗号读作million，第三个逗号读作billion 3,006→three thousand and six
1,002,000→one million and two thousand
5,000,010,000→five billion and ten thousand
注：特别关注thirteen、fifteen、twenty、thirty、forty和fifty的拼写。
2．基数词表示确数和概数
用法 例子
hundred, thousand， million, billion 前面有确定的数字或有a few、some、many等修饰词时，不加-s four hundred books；a few thousand miles
后接of时，都要加-s，且前面不能有确切的数字 millions of students
3．基数词表示时间
用法 例子
表示整点时，数词后可接o'clock；半点之前的时间常用past，表示“几点过几分”；半点之后的时间常用to，表示“差几分到几点”；半小时用half；一刻钟用a quarter或fifteen eight o'clock (8：00); ten past eight (8：10)；
half past ten (10：30); a quarter to ten (9：45)
用法 例子
时间的读法 顺读法：先小时后分钟，如7：24读成seven twenty－four
逆读法：先分钟后小时；分钟少于30用 past，分钟多于30用to，且分钟要用60减，小时要加1，如8：40读成twenty to nine
4．基数词表示年、月、日
用法 例子
年和年代多用阿拉伯数字表示，需注意读法；表示“几十年代”时，用整十的基数词的复数形式 in nineteen seventy-six(in 1976)；
in the sixties
年或月前用介词in，年、月同时出现时，年前的in省略；具体某一天前用介词on in August；in August, 2022；
on August 10, 2022
5．基数词的其他用法
用法 例子
in＋one's＋整十基数词的复数，表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his fifties
页码、段落、编号的表达：名词(首字母大写)＋基数词(首字母大写)＝the＋序数词(首字母小写)＋名词(首字母小写) Unit Five＝the fifth unit
表示距离、长、宽、高等：基数词＋单位(meter等)＋形容词(long等) ten meters wide
用法 例子
表示“几倍和几次”，除了一倍、一次(once)，两倍、两次(twice)外，其他一般由“基数词＋times”构成 ◇This box is twice bigger than that one.
◇The boy has been there five times.
1．中国是一个有着数千年历史的国家。
China is a country with a history of _____________ ____ years.
2．Kate一周游泳三次。她觉得游泳很有趣。
Kate goes swimming ________ ________ a week. She thinks it's fun.
thousands
of
three
times
序数词
1．序数词的构成
序数词 构成 例子
1～3 无规律 first, second, third
4～19 (5、8、9、12除外) 基数词后加-th fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth， nineteenth
序数词 构成 例子
整十序数词 将y改为ie后加-th twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth， ninetieth
整百序数词 基数词后加-th hundredth
多位数序数词 个位变成序数词 twenty-first, three hundred and third
2．序数词的基本用法
用法 例子
序数词前不用the的情况 当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时 My mother was my first teacher in my life.
表达分数时 One fifth of the students are from the country.
在日、月表达中 He was born on June 6th, 1974.
用于固定搭配时 First of all, we should keep us safe.
用法 例子
表达“又一，再一”时，序数词前一般加不定冠词 Please give me a second chance.
序数词在句中作副词时，序数词前不用冠词 I finished the work first.
表达世纪时，序数词前要加the I was born in the twenty-first century.
3．June is the _______(six) month of a year.
4．—There is going to be the _________(two) Art Festival next week.
—Great. We can enjoy some beautiful paintings again.
sixth
second
分数、小数和百分比
数词 用法 例子
分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式 one fourth，two thirds
小数 小数点读作“point”，小数点后需一一读出每个数字 fifteen point zero seven(15.07)
百分比 先读基数词，再读百分号 five percent(5%)
注：“分数＋of＋名词”作主语时， 谓语动词要与这个 “名词” 保持一致。如果 “名词” 是不可数名词或单数可数名词， 谓语动词用单数； 如果 “名词” 是复数可数名词， 谓语动词用复数。
5．Two ________(five) of the desks are old in the classroom.
6．Two thirds of the students ______(be) from China.
fifths
are
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．你必须每周练三次吉他。
You must practice the guitar ________ _________ a week.
2．这些房子有200多年的历史了。
These houses are more than ______ _________ years old.
three
times
two
hundred
3．6点15可以读作6点过一刻。
6：15 can be read as a ___________ ________ six.
4．在温州，年糕通常是第一道菜。
In Wenzhou, New Year cake is often ______ ______ ______.
5．上个月，有数百人来参观我们的学校。
Last month, __________ ____ people came to visit our school.
quarter
past
the
first
dish
hundreds
of
6．《红星照耀中国》非常受欢迎， 我们班五分之三的学生都读完了。
Red Star Over China is so popular that _______ _______ of the students in our class have finished reading it.
7. “杂交水稻之父”袁隆平出生于二十世纪三十年代。
Yuan Longping, Father of Hybrid Rice, was born in ______ ________.
8．这是哈尔滨第二次举行这项活动。
It's ______ __________ ________ for Harbin to hold this event.
three
fifths
the
1930s
the
second
time
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．(2025连云港)Su Bingtian was the ________(one) Asian to break the 10-second barrier(难关) in the men's 100m race.
2．My birthday is on September _______(nine), the day before Teachers' Day.
3．Jane has been to Beijing ______(two) before and this is her third time to go there.
first
ninth
twice
4．He'd like to buy a present for his father's _________(forty) birthday.
5．Two ________(three) of the water in the river is polluted.
6．December is the _________(twelve) month a year.
fortieth
thirds
twelfth
三、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)
My grandparents gave me a cute cat last summer. Its name is Coco.To celebrate Coco's 1. ________(three) birthday, I planned to make a small house for it with my parents. 2. _______(one) of all, we collected wood for the walls and floor to make sure it was sturdy(坚固的) enough. Then, in the 3. _______ (two) step, we made a door for it to come and go freely. In this way, three
third
First
second
4. _________(four) of the house would be finished. Finally, my father made a beautiful roof(屋顶)．
Then I posted eight pictures of Coco's new house online. To my surprise, the pictures quickly got people' attention. 5. ________________(thousand) of people liked those pictures and praised our efforts. Coco likes its new house very much.
fourths
Thousands
(二)
I was very lucky to meet Angelina, our head teacher. Before that, I always did nothing but watch movies and hang out with 1. ______(two) of my best friends. We were in the same grade. That was only two 2. ________ (five) of my previous(之前的) school life. Angelina was not only a teacher but an inventor. She created 3. __________(hundred) of recyclable plastics when she was young. And she worked harder than others and became the 4. _____ (one) winner of Environment Stars in Argentina.
two
fifths
hundreds
first
“I first tried inventing a new kind of plastic when I was at the age of 18，” she said. “When I failed three times, I still hoped for a 5. _________ (four) chance.” When she was in her 6. _________(twenty), she won several prizes.
After hearing that, I've changed a lot and I am working hard now.
fourth
twenties(共30张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题十　非谓语动词(3年3考)
动词不定式
非谓语动词指在句子中不作谓语的动词，主要包括动词不定式、动词的-ing形式和动词的-ed形式。
动词不定式的形式及用法：
基本形式： ①to＋动词原形； ②省略to的不定式
否定形式： not to do
1. 作宾语
用法 常见动词/形容词/疑问词 例句
作行为动词的宾语 want、would like、hope、wish、afford、decide、agree、plan、expect、offer、manage、promise、refuse等 ◇I've decided to go to Beijing.
◇I want to have a cup of coffee.
作形容词的宾语 ready、nervous、sure、glad、sorry、afraid、pleased、willing等 ◇I'm pleased to visit Beijing.
◇She's sorry to make mistakes.
用法 常见动词/形容词/疑问词 例句
“疑问词＋不定式”作动词的宾语 what to do sth.、when to do sth.、how to do sth.、why to do sth.等 I don't know what to say to him.
【速记口诀】
三个希望(hope、wish、want)两答应(agree、promise)，
两个要求(demand、ask)莫拒绝(refuse)；
设法学会(manage、learn)做决定(decide)，
不要假装(pretend)在选择(choose)。
※拓展
不带to的动词不定式的常用表达：
had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
would rather do sth.宁愿做某事
Could/Would/Will you please (not) do sth. 请你(不要)做某事，好吗？
Why not/Why don't you do sth.？为什么不做某事？
1．I plan _________(visit) my cousin in Hangzhou this summer holiday.
2．Qiqi hopes __________(study) medicine in Sichuan University.
3．Two hundred dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can't afford __________(buy) it.
4．David learnt ___________(swim) when he was five.
5．To my pleasure，my family always stand by my side whatever I decide _______(do)．
to visit
to study
to buy
to swim
to do
2. 作宾语补足语
用法 常见的词汇 例句
有些感官动词和使役动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但这些词用于被动语态时，to不能省略 一感feel; 二听 hear、listen to; 二使役make、have；四看see、watch、notice、look at The Greens made us feel at home. ＝We were made to feel at home by the Greens.
用法 常见的词汇 例句
其他动词后接不定式作宾语补足语 ask、tell、allow、invite、warn advise、encourage、wish、want、expect、order、force等 The policemen asked him (not) to go to the station.
注：help后作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式可以省略to，也可不省略。
My English teacher, Ms. Lee, always encourages us to try our best. She often asks us 6. ________(read) English aloud every morning. She also makes us 7. _______(think) in English instead of translating everything. In class, she invites some students 8. ___________ (answer) questions and always reminds them to speak loudly and clearly. She advises me 9. ________ (watch) English movies to improve my listening. She never forces us 10. _________________ (remember) all the new words at once. Instead, she expects us 11. __________ (learn) them step by step. Her patience and good methods inspire all of us to make great progress.
to read
think
to answer
to watch
to remember
to learn
3. 作状语
用法 例句
表目的 To catch the first bus, I got up earlier.
表原因(了解) She was so excited to know that she can go to Beijing for the summer holiday with her father.
表结果(了解) I'm too tired to walk any further.
12．(2025福建改编)We will attend the tea festival in our town _______ (learn) more about tea culture.
13．(2025扬州改编)We should build on past achievements and work together __________(make) a better world.
14．We're glad _________(know) you'll join us.
15．The community worker is patient enough _________ (teach) the old new skills step by step.
to learn
to make
to know
to teach
动词的-ing形式
1. 常见的接动词-ing形式的动词或动词短语
consider doing sth.考虑做某事　　mind doing sth. 介意做某事　
avoid doing sth.避免做某事 keep doing sth. 坚持做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事
practice doing sth. 练习做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事
feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心
can't/couldn't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
2. 有些动词既可接动词-ing形式也可接不定式作宾语， 但意义不同， 具体如下：
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做(正在做的)某事 try to do sth. 设法或努力去做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
remember to do sth. 记住要做某事(未做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 (已做) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事(未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做)
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事(未做)
regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(已做)
16．许多人喜欢在端午节自己包粽子。
Many people ______________ __________ zongzi by themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival.
17．既然天气很糟糕，为何不推迟运动会？
Now that the weather is bad, why ______ ______ off the sports meet
18．Auggie激动得差点忘记感谢他的队友。
Auggie was so excited that he almost forgot ___ _______ his teammates.
enjoy/like
making
not
put
to
thank
19．它让我们对中国的航天科技有了更多了解。
It makes us __________ __________ about China's space science and technology.
know
more
动词的－ed形式
用法 例句
作表语 We were delighted to receive your email.
作定语 She had a pleased look on her face.
作宾语补足语 We all wished the problem settled.
作状语 Mr. Brown, deeply moved, thanked him again and again.
20．(2025龙东)Nowadays, more and more customers prefer buying products ________(make) in China.
21．This Spring Festival, the most eye－catching movie might be Ne Zha 2, ____________ (direct) by Jiaozi.
made
directed
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．医生建议我在家休息三天。
The doctor advised me ____ ______ at home for three days.
2．你想要培养一种能放松身心的业余爱好吗？
Do you want ____ ______ up a relaxing hobby
to
rest
to
take
3．Tom发现提高英语很容易。
Tom found it easy ____ ___________ English.
4．对于她而言，在贵州品尝各种美味的食物是很开心的事情。
It's happy for her ____ ________ all kinds of delicious food in Guizhou.
5．如今，越来越多的人更喜欢在网上买东西而不是去超市。
Today，more and more people ___________ ___________ things online to going to the supermarket.
to
improve
to
taste
prefer
buying
6．垃圾食品对健康有害，你应该停止食用。
Junk food is bad for your health. You should ______ ________ it.
7．饭后马上躺下是个坏习惯。
It's a bad habit ____ ______ ________ at once after a meal.
8．警察们努力查明一些事实。
The policemen worked hard ____ ________ ______ the facts.
stop
eating
to
lie
down
to
find
out
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．He went to Lanzhou _________(visit) Zhongshan Bridge.
2．I enjoy ___________(listen) to music in my spare time.
3．I get up early every day ___________(catch) the first bus because my home is far away from the school.
4．All the students are looking forward to _________(meet) the famous singer.
5．He decided _________(give) up the chance to go abroad.
to visit
listening
to catch
meeting
to give
6．Do you mind __________(open) the window
7．As we all know, we should avoid __________(make) any noise in the library.
8．Please ask Tim ________(call) me back later.
opening
making
to call
三、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)
I had a special experience. Last year, I was chosen 1. __________(go) to France as an exchange student for a term.
Trying new food was one of the most exciting things. In addition, as we all know, French wine(酒) is famous around the world. One of the reasons is that the farmers are very good at 2. ____________(grow) grapes. I also made friends with some locals, and it gave me a chance 3. __________ (learn) about their culture.
to go
growing
to learn
Of course, there were also some challenges. For example, I wanted 4. ______(buy) a gift in the store, but I went in the opposite direction! However, these challenges made the trip even more exciting, as I found that everyone here was polite and willing 5. ________(help) me.
All in all, my first trip abroad was amazing.
to buy
to help
(二)(五育之智育)
Joe lived alone in a small village after his wife's death. The only fun times he had were when his grandchildren visited him during holidays.
Once, he cleaned the whole house 1. _________________(welcome) his grandchildren. While he was cleaning the barn(谷仓), he lost his watch on his wrist(手腕). It was a gift from his wife.
When his grandchildren came, they found that their grandfather was sad. They asked him what was wrong. Joe told them that he couldn't find his watch.
to welcome
The children wanted 2. _______(do) something for him. They asked Joe when he had last seen his watch. Joe remembered that the last time he saw it, he was about 3. __________(clean) the barn.
The children spent two hours 4. ______________(search), but they found nothing. Then, one of the children asked the others 5. __________ (leave) and said he would look for the watch by himself.
Minutes later, the child brought the watch back. Joe and the other children were surprised 6. _________(see) the watch and wanted to know how he did it. The boy said, “I sat in the barn quietly. After a few minutes, I heard a ‘tick-tick’ sound and found the watch.”
to do
to clean
searching
to leave
to see
Joe hugged the little boy and thanked him for 7.____________(find) the watch. That is the strength(力量) of silence. If we stay quiet, we can find solutions(解决办法) more easily.
finding(共24张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题二　冠词(3年6考)
不定冠词a/an
主要用法 例子
首次提到某人/某物时，起介绍作用 Long long ago, an old man lived in a small village.
泛指某人或某物(的身份或性质)，不具体指明哪个人/物 There is an elephant in the zoo.
表示数量“一”，相当于one He has a big mouth and big eyes.
主要用法 例子
表示“每一”的意思，相当于every/each Tom goes to school five days a week.
用在序数词前，表示“再一；又 一” She has a son now, but she wants a second one.
用于物质名词前，表示“一次；一种；一场”等 There will be a heavy rain tomorrow.
用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 a knife and fork
用在某些固定搭配中 have a look，in a hurry, a little, for a while
注：(1)a和an的区别如下表所示：
不定冠词 用法 例子
a 修饰以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词 a bag, a pear
an 修饰以元音音素开头的单数可数名词 an orange, an egg
(2)在26个英文字母中，由于字母a、e、f、h、i、l、m、n、o、r、s、x的读音以元音音素开头，所以表示“一个a/e/f/h/i/l/m/n/o/r/s/x字母”时，用an。如：an “a”；an “h”。
(3)有些单词虽然以元音字母开头，但读音以辅音音素开头，须使用不定冠词a；有些单词虽然以辅音字母开头，但读音以元音音素开头，须使用不定冠词an。
用法 例子
以元音字母但辅音音素开头的，前面用a a European country，a one－week trip
以辅音字母但元音音素开头的(且首字母不发音)，前面用an an hour，an honest girl
u 读[ju ](辅音音素开头) a useful book，a usual farmer，a university student
读[ ](元音音素开头) an uncle，an umbrella，an ugly man，an unhappy day
1．There was __ one-meter-tall robot welcoming me when I went into the bank.(盲填)
2．(2025成都改编)I volunteered as __ guide in Chengdu Museum last weekend.(盲填)
3．What ____ interesting book it is! (盲填)
4．I want to be ____ engineer some day.(盲填)
5．The concert will start in ____ hour and __ half.(盲填)
a
a
an
an
an
a
定冠词the
主要用法 例子
表示谈话双方都知道的人/物 Would you mind turning down the radio, Jim
表示上文中提到的人/物或第二次提到的人/物 I have a cat. The cat is yellow.
用于序数词、形容词或副词的最高级前 The third truck carried apples.
主要用法 例子
用于指世界上独一无二的事物或江河、山脉、海湾、海峡、沙漠等专有名词前 The moon is far smaller than the earth.
the Nile，the Alps，the Yangtze River
用于表示方位的名词前 Shanghai is in the east of China.
用于表示身体部位的名词前 The ball hit me on the shoulder.
用于乐器前 I practice the piano every day after school.
主要用法 例子
用于年代、朝代前 the Ming Dynasty，in the 1950s
用于某些形容词前，表示某一类人或物 the rich，the poor，the young
用于姓氏复数前，表示 “一家人”或“夫妇” The Greens have worked in Xi'an for years.
用于可数名词单数前，表示某一类人或物 The panda is my favorite animal.
用于某些固定搭配中 in the morning, at the same time, by the way
6．Do you like ______ film Ne Zha 2？(盲填)
7．I want to do what I love to do and help animals at ______ same time. (盲填)
8．Look! Who is ______ beautiful girl in red？(盲填)
9．To ______ blind, dogs are family members as well as their eyes, helping them walk around.(盲填)
the
the
the
the
零冠词
常见情况 例子
在球类、棋类活动、学科名称前不加冠词 We have Chinese and English every day.
在“by＋交通工具”的结构中不加冠词 I went to Beijing by plane.
在节假日、月份、四季、星期前不加冠词 June 1 is Children's Day./ It's spring now.
常见情况 例子
名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词、疑问代词、名词所有格或数词时不加冠词 That handbag is in her car.
某些专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词 He lives in Canada.
三餐名词前通常不加冠词 have dinner, after breakfast
在称呼、头衔、职位前不加冠词 What can I do for you, sir？
常见情况 例子
不可数名词表泛指时其前不加冠词 We can't live without air or water.
复数名词表类别时其前不加冠词 Pandas are lovely animals.
在某些固定搭配中不加冠词 at night, in trouble, go to hospital
注：(1)如果表示三餐的词有限制定语修饰，应在其前用冠词。如： a big dinner、a quick breakfast等。
(2)如果季节有限制定语修饰，应在其前用冠词。如： in the winter of 2017。
※拓展
部分短语有无冠词的区别如下表所示：
词汇 含义 词汇 含义
in class 在上课 in the class 在班级中
in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在医院里看病、工作或参观、看望病人
at table 在吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁
in front of 在……(整体外部)的前面 in the front of 在……(整体内部)的前面
10．(2025天津改编)Mary usually rides ___ bike to school. Sometimes she also goes by ___ bus.(盲填)
11．There is a tall tree in ___ front of our classroom.(盲填)
12．Tim is good at playing ___ football.(盲填)
13．Here is ______ good news. We will take a school trip after the examination.(盲填)
a
/
/
/
/
【速记口诀】
名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，
可数名词单，须用a或an，
辅音前用a，an在元音前，
若为特指时，则须用定冠，
复数不可数，泛指the不见，
碰到代词时，冠词均不现。
一、用a、an、the或 / 填空
1．Look at the photo of my family! ______ man in a white T-shirt is my father.
2．I can't afford it because it's really ____ expensive car.
3．Can you play ______ piano, Jill
4．______ girl with long hair is my friend Jane.
5．Ben wants to be __ doctor in the future.
The
an
the
The
a
6．At ______ moment, Mr. Lin was giving a speech to us.
7．I want to learn to play __ chess this term.
8．Stella, my new classmate, comes from __ European country.
9．We missed the bus. We should leave home half ____ hour earlier.
10．China's space exploration has made __ great progress.
11．My schoolbag has ______ same color as yours.
12．Is your new friend __ boy or a girl, Bob
13．It's a long way, so we can go there by __ car.
14．Don't be late. It's ____ important meeting.
15．We should respect ______ old and ______ young.
the
/
a
an
/
the
a
/
an
the
the
A.a　 B．an　 C．the　 D．/
二、完形第一节
阅读下面短文，从框内4个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
People are so busy these days that many people have no time to cook. This becomes a problem, because most families love home cooking! The food tastes good, and a family meal brings 1. __ everyone together. In some families, meals are often the only time everyone sees one another at 2. __ same time.
D
C
Another reason people enjoy home cooking is that it is often a way of showing love. A parent who makes some cookies is not just satisfying 3. __ child's sweet tooth. She or he is sending a message that says, “I care about you enough to spend 4. __ hour making cookies that you will eat up in fifteen minutes if I let you.” Home cooking makes most of us feel good and loved.
A
B
A.a　 B．an　 C．the　 D．/
三、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的冠词。
A short video about a toy bear's balloon trip into near space became popular online. The toy bear in the video is 1. ____ unusual one. It carried the childhood dream of Li Zhenghan's, 2. __ university student.
Li had dreamed of going into 3. __ space since he was a child. However, he didn't pass 4. ______ pilot test in high school. His teachers and classmates knew his dream, so they encouraged him to follow his dream in 5. __ different way.
an
a
/
the
a
One day at university, news about a toy bear flying to space caught 6. __ his eye. This made him want to give it 7. __ try. But at that time, he had no idea how to start. After four years of studying, Li felt ready to try the experiment(实验) with his roommates.
While they were preparing for the experiment, some people questioned them. But they didn't care. Finally, they decided to send the toy bear from Li's hometown. But it was not as successful as the video showed. 8. ______ first flying balloon only lasted a few minutes before falling.
/
a
The
“Don't lose heart. We will check our equipment carefully again so that we don't make 9. ______ same mistake，”Li told his team. After several tries, the bear successfully flew into the sky and reached near space.
“It was 10. ____ amazing experience, but this isn't the end. I will do more experiments like this in the future to make my space dream come true，”Li says.
the
an(共47张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题七　动词和动词短语(3年16考)
动词的分类与基本形式
1．动词的分类
动词是用来表示主语动作或状态的词。按照含义及其在句中的作用分成实义动词(也称行为动词)、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
2．动词的基本形式
形式 变化规则 例子
动词原形 — see, listen, eat, find, pick
第三人称单数 一般情况在词尾加-s look→looks, take→takes, give→gives
以s、x、ch、sh、o 结尾的词，在词尾加-es wash→washes, fix→fixes, pass→passes
以辅音字母加-y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-es cry→cries, try→tries, carry→carries
不规则变化 be→is, have→has
形式 变化规则 例子
现在分词 一般情况在词尾加-ing go→going, help→helping
以不发音e结尾的词，去e再加-ing make→making, take→taking
以ie结尾的词，变ie为y，再加-ing lie→lying, tie→tying
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写此辅音字母，再加-ing put→putting, run→running
形式 变化规则 例子
过 去 式 一般情况在词尾加-ed work→worked, look→looked
以不发音e结尾的词，直接加-d decide→decided, move→moved
以辅音字母加-y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-ed try→tried, cry→cried
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写此辅音字母，再加-ed plan→planned, stop→stopped
形式 变化规则 例子
过去分词 在完成时态和被动语态中， 动词要用过去分词形式；规则变化的动词的过去分词同过去式；不规则变化的动词的过去式和过去分词需特别记忆
实义动词(行为动词)
实义动词是有实际意义的动词，可以单独作谓语，表达具体的行为或状态。按能否直接接宾语，分为及物动词和不及物动词。
及物 动词 本身意义不完整，需要加上宾语才能使其意思完整 主要用于句型“①动词＋宾语；②动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语；③动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾
语”中，如：need, ask, want
不及物动词 本身意义完整，无须接宾语；若要接宾语，要先加介词再接宾语 如：go, work, run
ride　collect　eat　sing　perform
1．(2025眉山改编)As a stamp lover, Xiao Ning has __________ plenty of special stamps over these years.
2．Tom ________ a bike to work instead of driving a car last month.
3．She ________ two pieces of bread every morning.
4．At the last Olympics, Chinese athletes ______________ perfectly and won many gold medals.
5．Listen! The birds are ___________ in the tree now.
collected
rode
eats
performed
singing
系动词和助动词
系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能单独用作谓语，其后必须跟表语，构成系表结构，用来说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。助动词本身无词义，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语，表示否定、疑问、时态、语态等。
1．系动词的分类与用法
类别 用法 例句
表状态的系动词 表达或显示一种状态或保持一种状况，常见的有be、seem、keep、remain、stay等 ◇His English is excellent.
◇He remains silent.
◇I hope you'll keep fit.
表感官的系动词 表示“感觉”，常见的有look、feel、smell、sound、taste等 This food tastes good.
表变化的系动词 表示“变得，变成”，常见的有become、grow、turn、get、go等 He grew old.
注：look、feel、smell、sound、taste、get、grow、turn等既可作实义动词，又可作系动词。
2．助动词的分类与用法
类别 用法 例句
be (am, is， are, was, were) 构成现在进行时态 They are dancing now.
构成过去进行时态 I was watching TV at that time.
构成被动语态 The book was written by Mo Yan.
类别 用法 例句
do (does, did) 构成疑问句、否定句 ◇Does he live in Guangzhou
◇Helen didn't go to school yesterday.
加强语气 Please do take care of yourself.
have (has，had) 构成完成时态 He has gone to Wuhan.
will/shall 构成一般将来时态 She will leave for Qingdao tomorrow.
6．They __________(not play) football very often.Maybe once a month.
7．I ____________(move) to the countryside next year.
8．______(do) you read the story about the farmer and his horse yesterday
9．This kind of food _________(taste) good, but it's bad for your health.
10．The rest of the students _______(be) playing basketball on the playground.
don't play
will move
Did
tastes
are
情态动词
情态动词本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语。情态动词后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化(have to除外)。
情态动词 用法 例句
can 表示能力，意为“能，会” I can hear you clearly.
表示请求和许可(可与may互换)，在疑问句中表示有礼貌地提出请求 Can I borrow your bike
情态动词 用法 例句
can 表示猜测，有潜在的可能性，肯定回答用may或must；否定句中can't意为“不可能；一定不” ◇Can the news be true
◇He can't be at home.
could can 的过去式 Jim could swim at the age of 6.
表示请求，语气比can更委婉 Could I borrow your pen
表示猜测，意为“可能” The book could be John's.
情态动词 用法 例句
may 用于疑问句，表示请求和许可(可与can互换)，肯定回答用may，否定回答用can't或mustn't —May I use your dictionary
—Yes, you may./ No, you can't/mustn't.
表示猜测，意为“或许，可能”，可能性较小，常用在肯定句中 Take a raincoat with you. It may rain.
might may的过去式，表示猜测，可能性比may更小 He told me he might be here on time.
情态动词 用法 例句
have to/ must have to意为“不得不”，表示客观需要，有时态的变化；在否定结构中，not have to表示“不必” It's too late, so I have to go now.
must表示说话人的主观看法，意为“必须”，在否定结构中mustn't表示“不准，禁止”；must引导疑问句时，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语＋must/have to.”，否定回答用“No, 主语＋needn't/don't have to.” You must be here before five.
—Must I do my work now
—Yes, you must/have to./ No, you needn't/don't have to.
情态动词 用法 例句
have to/ must must表示猜测，一般用于肯定句中，意为“一定，肯定”，可能性较大 You must be tired after working for a long time.
need(既是情态动词又是实义动词) 作情态动词时意为“需要”，主要用在疑问句和否定句中；用于疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't —Need I go with you
—Yes, you must./ No, you needn't.
作实义动词时，后接名词或动词不定式，常用在肯定句中 He needs to ask the police for help.
情态动词 用法 例句
will 表示决心或愿望；用于第二人称的疑问句时，表示提出请求或征询意见 Will you open the windows？
would will的过去式；语气比 will更委婉 Would you do me a favour
shall/should shall用于第一人称的疑问句时，表示提出建议、征询对方的意见、看法或请求 Shall we go to the zoo on weekends, Dad？
情态动词 用法 例句
shall/should shall用于第二、三人称时，表示命令、警告等 You shall do as the teacher said.
should用于表示责任、义务或要求，也可以表示劝告或建议，意为“应该” You should hand in the exercise book.
had better “最好……”，表示强烈建议或委婉的警告，多用于第二人称， 否定形式为had better not You had better set out now.
11．(2025成都改编)一个中国团队研发出了一款小型机器人，它能够在世界最深的海沟为人类工作。
A Chinese team has developed a small robot that ______ ________ for humans in the world's deepest sea trench.
12．我们最好和父母多交流，学会理解他们。
We _____ ___________ communicate more with our parents and learn to understand them.
can
work
had
better
13．这里禁止游泳，太危险了。
You ________ ________ here，and it's so dangerous.
14．我们不应该忘记曾经给予我们帮助的人。
We ______________ _________ the people who have ever helped us.
15．我们都知道，即使是最优秀的学生在考试时也有可能犯错。
As we all know, even the best students ______ ________ mistakes when taking exams.
mustn't
swim
shouldn't
forget
may
make
动词短语
初中阶段需要学习和掌握的动词短语较多，此处只列出一部分常用的“同一动词型”短语。
look look for 寻找　　look after 照顾；看管　look around 环顾四周
look up (在字典或参考书中)查找；抬头看 look through 浏览
look at 看着…… look like 看起来像…… look out 留意；小心
look down upon 看轻 look over 仔细检查
turn turn on 打开(电器、水龙头等)　turn off 关上(电器、水龙头等)
turn up 开大(音量、煤气) turn down 关小(音量、煤气)；拒绝
turn around转身；掉头 turn into 变成　　turn out结果是
fall fall off 从……掉下来　 fall behind落后　　
fall over 摔跤，绊倒 fall down 跌倒；倒塌
put put away 收拾好，放好　　put on 穿上；增加　　
put…down 把……放下 put up 举起；张贴；搭建
put off 推迟 put out 熄灭
come come back 回来　come true 实现；成为现实　come from 来自
come in 进来 come out 出现；开花；出版
come up with提出；想出
get get back 返回；取回　　get home 到家　　get into 进入……　　get off 下车 get on 上车 get up 起床
get ready for 为……做好准备
get on/along with sb. 与某人相处
get ready to do sth. 准备好做某事
go go off (警报)响起　go with 与……相配　go through 经历；通过 go by (时间)流逝；过去 go over 复习；仔细检查 go out 出去
take take up 开始从事；占用　　take over 接管；接手　　take off 脱掉；(飞机)起飞 take after (长相/行为)像 take down 拆毁 take away 拿走
hear hear of/about 听说 hear from 收到某人来信 give give away 捐赠；赠送
give up 放弃
think think of 想起；认为　　 think about 考虑 hang hang on 等一等　　hang out 闲逛
16．(2025重庆)面对困难，我们应该永不放弃。
We should never ________ ____ in the face of difficulties.
17．(2025天津)Martin假期经常外出放松自己。
Martin often ________ ______ to relax himself during holidays.
18．今日事今日毕。
Don't ______ ______ till tomorrow what should be done today.
give
up
goes
out
put
off
19．当我们读书时，我们会感觉自己就像在知识的海洋中遨游。
When we are reading books，we will ______ _______ we are swimming in the ocean of knowledge.
20．春雷唤醒万物。
Spring thunder ______ ____ everything.
feel
like
wakes
up
常见动词、动词短语辨析
1．语境辨析
这类考题要求考生首先确定各选项的含义，然后根据上下文语境，并运用自己的生活经验和知识积累，推测出考题要表达的意思，从而确定正确答案。
2．近义词/短语辨析
对于具有相近含义的动词(短语)，主要从语法角度区分其不同之处。
Did you volunteer Last Saturday, our neighborhood 21 a clean-up event at Central Park. Many volunteers showed up early in the morning, ready to work. We 22 plastic bottles, paper, and other litter from the grass and pathways. Some people 23 the flower beds by planting new flowers and pulling out weeds.
(　　)21.A.organized B．discovered C．called
(　　)22.A.put on B．gave away C．picked up
(　　)23.A.took care of B．came up with C．looked forward to
A
C
A
After three hours of hard work, we had 24 over twenty bags of trash.
Everyone felt proud of what we achieved together. The park 25 . much
cleaner and more beautiful now. This activity taught us the importance of
protecting our environment.
(　　)24.A.bought B．collected C．recycled
(　　)25.A.sounds B．tastes C．looks
B
C
※拓展：动词填
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．(2025天津)你可以给秋天的树叶拍照。
You can _____ ________ of autumn leaves.
2．新年是亲朋好友团聚的好时光。
New Year is a wonderful time when family and friends _____________ ___________.
take
photos
come/get
together
3．端午节期间你会做什么？快来和我们分享吧！
What will you do during the Dragon Boat Festival Come and ________ _______ us!
4．他在沙发上躺下，很快就睡着了。
He ______ ________ on the sofa and soon fell asleep.
5．结果将取决于你自己的选择。
The result will ________ ____ your personal choice.
6．学好英语可以实现这个目标。
Learning English well can make the goal ________ ________.
share
with
lay
down
depend
on
come
true
7．当时，Lily正在复习功课，而我正在浏览新闻。
At that moment, Lily was reviewing lessons while I was ____________ ___________ the news.
8．千里之行，始于足下。
A thousand－mile journey _________ _______ the first step.
9．如果你们同意我的看法，请举手。
If you _______ _______ me, please raise your hand.
10．我们可以一起参加讨论。
We can ______ ____ the discussion together.
looking
through
begins
with
agree
with
join
in
11．机会属于准备充分的人。
Chances ________ ____ those people who are well prepared.
12．他的新书将在明年出版。
His new book will ________ ______ next year.
belong
to
come
out
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．(2025扬州改编) During Guyu, the temperature usually __________ (rise) a lot and rain increases.
2．______(do) you ask any questions about the show yesterday
3．My father _________ go fishing every day. He _________ go fishing yesterday because he went to visit my grandpa.(not)
4．—Lingling and I ______(be) going to have a picnic tomorrow. Would you like to join us
—I'd love to.
5．The number of tigers ____(be)becoming smaller and smaller.
rises
Did
doesn't
didn't
are
is
6．What are you cooking, Mom It ________(smell) so good.
7．Now it is April. The weather is __________(get) warmer and warmer.
8．He put the card on the table and __________(make) a model ship by himself.
9．Look! Some students are __________(play) football over there.
10．Once upon a time, there ______(be) an old man in the mountain.
11．Most people agree that smart technology _____________ (become) a big part of society so far.
12．We must ________(keep) quiet in the museum.
smells
getting
made
playing
was
has become
keep
三、完形第二节(五育之智育)
The Turtle was not satisfied with his life. He
wanted so much to 1 being a turtle.
“I'm tired of swimming about in the sea and moving around on the beach. Life is not interesting，” he thought. “I want to be able to 2 in the air like an eagle.”
(　　)1.A.keep B．stop C．remember
(　　)2.A.fly B．smile C．blow
B
A
He 3 to the Eagle about it.
“You're not built for 4 ，” the Eagle told the Turtle. “You don't have any wings.”
“Don't 5 that，” answered the Turtle. “I've watched how the birds do it for a long time. I've 6 carefully how they fly in the air. I think I really got it.
(　　)3.A.gave B．passed C．spoke
(　　)4.A.swimming B．running C．flying
(　　)5.A.look after B．worry about C．hear about
(　　)6.A.watched B．done C．read
C
C
B
A
I can make my four flippers(鳍足) act like wings of birds in the air. Just
7 me up there, and you'll see I can fly as well as any of the birds —
probably even better！”
The Eagle 8 at last, and carried the Turtle up high into the sky.
“Now then！” cried the Eagle. “Fly！”
(　　)7.A.get B．finish C．use
(　　)8.A.refused B．agreed C．won
A
B
But the moment the Turtle was on his own, he 9 from the sky. He fell like a stone, and on a stone he landed. He 10 it with such force that he broke into little pieces.
We need to understand ourselves better so that we can make wiser decisions.
(　　)9.A.drove B．came C．fell
(　　)10.A.lied B．hit C．threw
C
B
四、语言运用第二节(核心素养：文化意识)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
“Everyone says Mount Yimeng is beautiful, the scenery on Mount Yimeng is excellent...” When this well－known melody(旋律) 1. __________ (play), the green mountains and clear water of Yimeng come alive in the music. For over 70 years, the story behind this local song has 2. ___________ (remain) unknown widely. Let's search for its past and present together.
plays
remained
Song Shoulian, the third-generation inheritor(第三代传唱人) of the tune, told 3. ___________(report) that the song was created in the 1940s, carrying the simple and hard-working spirit of Yimeng. “In 1940, Ruan Ruoshan and Li Lin who 4. ______(be) from the First Anti-Japanese University were asked to create a song to praise Yimeng people. They visited local families and researched folk culture 5. ____________(collect) materials. Thanks to their long-term preparations, Ruan Ruoshan 6. _______(write) the lyrics with Li Lin in a village house overnight. When Ruan Ruoshan sang the song for the first time, the crowd was so 7. __________(excite) that many people volunteered to join the army，” said Song. Later, it spread across Shandong and other places.
reporters
were
to collect
wrote
excited
With the simple lyrics, beautiful melody, and lively performances, Mount Yimeng Tune has become a symbol of Yimeng and a musical sign of Shandong. To protect this culture, the Mount Yimeng Tune Living Museum was 8. _______(build) at the tune's birthplace — Baishiwu, Feixian in 2016. The museum 9. _______(show) the tune's history completely. It has 10. _____ (hold) plenty of wonderful performances so far. “We organize many regular singing activities, especially for children, to pass the tune down generation after generation，” Song said.
built
shows
held(共38张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题五　介词和介词短语(3年5考)
时间介词
介词 用法 例子
at 用于表示具体时间点的词前，且常用于某些固定短语中 at 3：20，at this time of year，at the end of，at the age of，at night，at noon
on 用于特定的时间前，如：具体某一天及具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上或一般节日等 on May 1st，on Monday，on New Year's Day，on a cold night，on Sunday afternoon
介词 用法 例子
in 用于表示世纪、朝代、时代、年、月、季节的词前 in the 20th century, in the Tang Dynasty, in the 1950s, in 1989, in January, in summer
用于表示上午、下午、晚上的词前 in the morning/afternoon/evening
用于将来时态，表示“一段时间之后” He will be back in a week.
介词 用法 例子
to 大于30分钟时，表示“差” ten to nine (8：50)
past 小于30分钟时，表示“过” ten past nine (9：10)
after 接时间段，表示过去或将来的一段时间之后 He arrived after five months.
接时间点，表示几点之后 We will leave after 6：00 am.
介词 用法 例子
before 表示时间，意为“在……之前” Wash your hands before dinner, please.
表示次序，意为“在……之前；先于” The old can check in before others.
介词 用法 例子
until，till 表示“到……为止；直到……之时；直至” 在肯定句中，主句谓语动词要用延续性动词，意为“做某事直到某时” ◇They discussed it till 3：00 pm.
◇I shall wait until
3：00 pm.
在否定句中，not…until…意为“直到……才(做某事)” They didn't discuss it until 3：00 pm.
by 表示“不迟于；在……之前” The train will arrive by six o'clock.
介词 用法 例子
since 意为“自从，自……以来”，指从某一时间一直延续至今，后接时间点，通常与完成时连用 Li has worked in this factory since 1970.
for “for ＋ 一段时间”说明某动作或情况持续多久，谓语动词用延续性动词 Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years.
during 表示“在……期间” Lucy had a good time during the holiday.
注：last、next、this、that、some、every 等词之前不用介词。如：We meet every day.
【速记口诀】
at在正午、午夜、时刻里；
on在某天、星期几；
in年月、in世纪、in四季；
早中晚，in泛指、on具体。
1．We've lived here _______ 2013.(盲填)
2．Students can take part in many social activities ____________ the summer holiday.(盲填)
3．____ the evening of the Mid－Autumn Day, people usually eat mooncakes and enjoy the moon.(盲填)
since
during
On
地点和方位介词
介词 用法 例句
at 表示“在某处”，后接小地点 He isn't at home now.
表示“在……旁边” She sat at the table with a pen and paper.
in 表示“在某处”，后接大地点 He lives in Beijing.
表示“在……内部；在……里面”，表示在范围之内(属于该范围) Shanghai is in the east of China.
介词 用法 例句
on 表示“在……上面”，表面有接触 My books are on that table.
表示两个地方接壤 Hunan is on the south of Hubei.
to 表示“去； 向” She is going to the library.
表示两个地方不接壤 Japan is to the east of China.
over 表示“在某物的(垂直)正上方”，两者无接触 He held an umbrella over his head.
above 表示“高于某物；在……之上”，不一定是在正上方 An airplane flew above the clouds.
介词 用法 例句
across 表示“从……(表面)穿过” I ran across the road.
through 表示“从……(内部)穿过” We pushed our way through crowds of children.
opposite 表示“在……对面” The shop is opposite the school.
past 表示“路过，经过” Bring me the book when you go past my office.
under 表示“在某物的(垂直)正下方”，与over相对 My cat is under my chair.
介词 用法 例句
below 表示“低于某物；在……下方”，与above互为反义词 He saw many rivers below the plane.
behind 表示“在……后面” The clothes are behind the door.
in front of 表示“在……(整体外部)的前部” There is a tree in front of my house.
in the front of 表示“在……(整体内部)的前部” There is a big blackboard in the front of the classroom.
介词 用法 例句
beside， by, near 均表示“在……旁边；附近” by较near而言，距离更近，表示“近旁；紧靠” The hotel is beside/by/ near the river.
beside相当于next to
between 表示“在……之间”，用于两者之间 Sit between Tom and Lily，please.
among 表示“在……中间”，用于三者或三者以上之间 She took a seat among the children.
4．The woman was born ____ Shanghai in 1893.(盲填)
5．Turn right ____ the building, and you'll find a new bookstore.(盲填)
in
at
方式介词
介词 用法 例句
by 表示交通方式时，交通工具前不加任何限定词 Jim often goes to work by bus.
表示手段或工具，意为“用；通过；由；被” She learns English by listening to English songs.
介词 用法 例句
in 表示使用某种语言或材料，语言或材料前不加冠词 Please tell the story in English.
表示交通方式时，交通工具前要加限定词 Kate goes to the zoo in a car.
with 通过(具体材料)手段；用(手/脚/耳/眼) We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.
介词 用法 例句
through 意为“通过……” You can only succeed through hard work.
on 意为“骑(车)；徒(步)” I always go to school on my bike.
意为“通过(收音机/电视机……)” Now most people don't get news on the radio.
6．我们可以骑自行车上学，让我们的城市更环保。
We can go to school ____ ________ to make our city greener.
by
bike
其他常用介词
介词 用法 例句
about 意为“关于……”，多用于内容和观点等情况 They are excited to talk about the trip.
on 意为“关于；有关……”，常用于书籍、演讲、报告、讲座、论文等正式的、学术性的话题 Tom gave a talk on the history of America.
except 意为“除……之外(不包括在内)” We all passed the exam except Tom.
介词 用法 例句
besides 意为“除……之外(包括在内)” I have another pen besides this one.
for 表示原因、理由 Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.
表示价格 The woman sold her bag for five thousand yuan.
介词 用法 例句
for 表示用途、对象，意为“对于/就……而言”(多表示客观情况) It's too hard for me to do the work.
表示目的，意为“为了……” Shall we go for a walk after dinner？
to 意为“对……而言” Our teacher is very kind to us.
of 意为“……的，有关……；对于/就……而言” It's very nice of you to help me.
介词 用法 例句
in 意为“在……(方面)” He does very well in English.
表示“穿着……颜色的衣服” He is dressed in black.
like 表示“像……一样”，用于说明相似关系 The little girl looks like her father.
as 意为“作为……；以……身份” He treats me as a child.
against 意为“反对；违背；依靠” He sold his house though it was against his will.
介词 用法 例句
with 表示“与……一起；有/带着/长着……(表伴随)” The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.
without 表示“没有/无/不”等 She walked away from the house without a word.
7．李林在村里当老师。
Li Lin ________ ____ a teacher in the village.
works
as
介词短语
at work/home/school 上班/在家/上学
at night 在晚上
at the end of 在……尽头/结束时
at the foot of 在……脚下
at the same time 同时
at the age of 在……年龄时
at least 至少
at last 最后；终于
on/at weekends/the weekend 在周末
by the end of到……时为止；到……结束时 by the way顺便说一下 with the help of在……的帮助下 to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是 in this way用这种办法 in public 当众；公开地 in fact事实上 without doubt毫无疑问 in fact事实上
in the end终于
in trouble处于困难中
in danger处于危险中
in a hurry匆忙
for example例如
on the phone在打电话
on one's way to在去……的路上
by hand用手工
(　 　)8.Lucy worked very hard. ________she became the top student in her class.
A．Above all B．As usual C．As a result
C
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．你必须亲自尝试，而不仅仅是做白日梦。
You must try it ________ _______________________ instead of just daydreaming.
2．当有人需要帮助时，提供帮助是件好事。
When someone is ____ ________, it's a kind thing to offer help.
in/by
person/ yourself
in
need
3．奶奶手工给我织了一条围巾。
My grandma made me a red scarf ____ ________.
4．如今许多动物都处于危险之中，人们必须采取行动拯救它们。
Many animals are ___ ________ today, and people must take action to save them.
5．毫无疑问， 我们不能太依赖别人。
__________ ________, we can't depend on others too much.
6．我每月至少读一本书来坚持学习。
I read ____ _______ one book a month to keep learning.
by
hand
in
danger
Without
doubt
at
least
7．在我们学校的图书馆，你一次最多可以借三本书。
In our school library, you can borrow ____ ________ three books at a time.
8．没有一个人的成功是偶然的。
No one's success comes ____ _________________.
at
most
by
accident/chance
二、用适当的介词填空
1．(2025苏州改编)Why not finish the task today instead of waiting __________ tomorrow
2．(2025成都改编)Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong ____ February 19th, 2025.
3．Everyone is here ___________ Alan because he is still ill in hospital.
4．People like sharing things ____________ social media now.
until/till
on
except
through
5．All roads lead to Rome. The roads are just _________ your feet.
6．—How do you study ______ a test
—____ listening to tapes.
7．Walk ________ the bridge, and you can see that building.
under
for
By
across
三、完形第一节
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
(一)
A．in B．Before C．from D．After E．on F．for
When I was a little girl, I often lost my pencils and notebooks. I even lost six pencils 1. ___ one day. To prevent waste, my mother came up with an idea: return the old and then get a new one. 2. ___ using up my notebooks and
A
D
pencils, I had to show my mom the old ones and ask for new school supplies (用品). However, when I lost the pencil, I needed to pay two yuan 3. ___ my carelessness. From then on, I realized I should take care of my school things. If I lost them, I had to buy them 4. ___ my mom. This rule made me more careful. I didn't have much pocket money to make up for my bad habits. So I began to write a note and put it 5. ___ my desk. It was helpful. Over time, I developed a good habit. This experience made me realize that even a small good habit can make a difference in our lives.
F
C
E
A．in B．Before C．from D．After E．on F．for
(二)
A．From B．like C．for D．As E．At F．On
Last summer, I went on a week－long bus tour to the countryside. 1. __ the first day, twenty people showed up. 2. __ first, no one talked to each other. But soon, people got to know each other better. Then they started to eat together 3. __ friends. The food there was delicious and cheap. However, some people ordered too much food. 4. __ a result, they just wasted food. One old man sitting at another table said, “Let's not waste any food. How hard the
F
E
B
D
farmers are！” Thanks to his words, everyone realized the importance of saving food. He was right. Think about how much work it takes to grow rice. 5. ___ then on, I often think of that old man and his wise words. I also act as he says.
A
A．From B．like C．for D．As E．At F．On(共55张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题六　形容词和副词(3年21考)
形容词、副词的用法
1．形容词
(1)形容词的基本用法
用法 位置 例句
作定语 放在名词前 It's a windy day today.
作表语 放在be动词及look、sound、feel、smell等系动词之后 He is happy today.
作宾补 放在宾语后作宾语补足语，常与keep、make、find、feel等动词连用 He keeps his bedroom clean.
(2)-ed形容词和－ing形容词的区别
①-ed形容词指人对事物的感受，表示“感到……的”，主语一般是人。如：tired、bored、interested、 excited等。
②-ing形容词指事物对人的影响，表示“令人感到……的”，主语一般是物。如：tiring、interesting、boring、exciting等。
如：He is interested in the interesting game.
(3)形容词的常用句型
①It's＋adj.(描述事物特性的词)(＋for sb.)＋to do sth. 表示“做某事(对某人来说)是……的”，常用的形容词有difficult、easy、hard、dangerous、impossible等。如：It's difficult for him to carry the big box.
②It's＋adj.(描述人物性格的词)＋of sb.＋ to do sth. 表示“某人做某事是……的”，常用的形容词有kind、lazy、good、brave等。如：It's kind of you to help me.
③sb. find/think/make it＋adj.＋to do sth. 表示“某人发现/认为/使做某事是……的”。如：I think it necessary to study English well.
④too＋adj.＋to do sth.＝so＋adj.＋that 从句＝not＋adj.(前面形容词的反义词)＋enough＋to do sth. 表示“太……而/以至于不能做某事”。如：She is too young to go to school.＝She is so young that she can't go to school.＝She is not old enough to go to school.
2．副词
(1)副词的基本用法
用法 位置 例句
作状语 修饰不及物动词时，放在不及物动词之后；修饰及物动词时，一般放在宾语后面 ◇The boy cried loudly outside.
◇Tina does her homework carefully.
修饰形容词，一般放在形容词之前(enough除外) He is quite tall in his class.
用法 位置 例句
作状语 修饰副词，一般放在副词之前 He runs very fast.
修饰整个句子，位置比较灵活 Unluckily, he failed in the exam again.
注：enough作副词修饰形容词时放在形容词后面。如：He is old enough to go to school.
(2)副词的分类
分类 例子
程度副词 much, very, quite, rather, too, so, enough, almost, nearly, only, really, hardly
时间副词 finally, recently, ago, now, soon, once, then, before, later, already, just, yet, ever
地点副词 here, there, everywhere, nearby, outside, home, back, upstairs, out
分类 例子
方式副词 badly, safely, carefully, quickly, slowly, happily, strongly
频度副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly ever, never
疑问副词 how, where, when, why
3．形容词变副词的规律
规律 例子
在形容词词尾直接加-ly slow→slowly, quick→quickly, clear→clearly
以“辅音字母＋-y”结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加-ly busy→busily, angry→angrily, easy→easily
以辅音字母加不发音的字母-e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词，要先去掉e, 然后再加-y或-ly terrible→terribly, true→truly
注：(1)名词＋-ly构成形容词。如：friend→friendly, love→lovely
(2)有一部分形容词与副词同形(详见下面的拓展部分)。
※拓展
常见的既可以作形容词又可以作副词(形容词与副词同形)的单词如下表所示：
单词 形容词 副词
early 早的 早；提前
late 晚的 迟；晚
fast 快的 快地
单词 形容词 副词
high 高的 高； 在高处
pretty 漂亮的 相当地
back 后面的 向后；回到；返回
little 幼小的 很少
direct 直接的 直接地
loud 大声的 大声地
right 右边的 向右
单词 形容词 副词
free 自由的 免费
alone 单独的 单独地
left 左边的 向左
straight 直的；笔直的 直接；径直
enough 足够的 足够地
deep 深的 深深地
long 长的；长时间的 长久地
单词 形容词 副词
well 健康的 好地
wide 宽的 充分地
still 静止的 仍然
far 远的 遥远地
close 近的；接近的 接近地
hard 坚硬的 努力地
just 公正的 仅仅
1．(2025扬州改编)Yangzhou is rich in __ and cultural resources.
2．Dave is a polite boy, and he __ talks back to his parents.
3．Hanfu is usually made of silk and cotton, which makes it soft and __.
4．It is very __ to be able to speak a foreign language.
5．The AI technology is __ changing all the time.
A．comfortable B．natural C．seldom D．rapidly E．useful
B
C
A
E
D
常见的形容词、副词辨析
这类考题要求考生首先确定各选项的含义，然后根据上下文语境，并运用自己的生活经验和知识积累，推测出考题要表达的意思，从而确定正确答案。以下为常见的形容词/副词辨析：
词汇 用法 例句
alone与lonely alone表示“独自一人”的状态 The old man lives alone.
lonely表示“孤单；寂寞”的情绪 Although nobody came to see him, he didn't feel lonely.
词汇 用法 例句
hard与hardly hard作形容词时，意为“艰苦的；困难的”；hard作副词时，意为 “努力地；猛烈地” ◇That's a very hard question.
◇It was raining hard.
hardly作副词时，意为“几乎不” It hardly rained at all last summer.
词汇 用法 例句
ago与before ago只与一般过去时连用，ago前通常要有表示时间的词 I saw this movie three days ago.
before常与现在完成时或过去(完成)时连用，并且可以作介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语 I had seen this movie three days before.
词汇 用法 例句
sometimes与 sometime sometimes表示“有时； 不时地” Sometimes I go to school on foot.
sometime表示“某个时候”，可指将来，也可指过去 We'll travel to Beijing sometime in June.
词汇 用法 例句
high与tall high常用于形容物体高，即高出地面的距离；反义词是low The tower is very high.
tall常指人的身高或事物的长(高)度——从顶部到底部的距离；反义词是short ◇Jane is 165 cm tall.
◇The tree is 10 meters tall.
词汇 用法 例句
dead与dying dead意为“死的；失去生命的” The man has been dead for five years.
dying意为“垂死的；临终的” Doctors are trying to save the dying patient.
ill与 sick ill作“生病的”时，只能作表语，不能修饰名词 His aunt has been ill in bed for several years.
sick作“生病的”时，可以修饰名词，作定语 Judy has to take care of the sick man.
词汇 用法 例句
already、yet与still already意为“已经”，常用于现在完成时，通常用于肯定句 Tom has already finished his work.
yet意为“尚；仍然”，常用于现在完成时，常位于否定句和疑问句的句尾 They haven't got there yet.
still表示“仍然，还”，放于句中，可用于多种时态 Does the boy still stay in the hotel？
(　 　)6.I could ________ understand what he was saying because it's ________ to follow a quick speaker.
A．hard; hardly 　 B．hard; hard 　 C．hardly; hard
(　 　)7.UNICEF helps build a better world for everyone, ________ children all over the world.
A．probably 　 B．luckily 　 C．especially
C
C
(　 　)8.—Tom, can you help me with the housework
—Sure, but I'm _________ right now.
A．lost 　 B．busy 　 C．worried
(　 　)9.In summer, the trees we planted in the school are _________ with green leaves.
A．thick 　 B．soft C．clear
B
A
形容词、副词的原级
结构 含义 例句
A＋谓语动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B 表示前后两者情况一样 Bill runs as fast as Jack.
A＋谓语动词的否定式＋as/so＋原级＋as＋B 表示前者不如后者 Tom isn't as strong as Jack.
倍数＋as＋原级＋as 表示倍数 The box is five times as big as that one.
结构 含义 例句
有表示程度的副词very、so、too、enough、quite等修饰时 很，十分，非常；足够地 The monkey is very clever.
10．心理健康与身体健康同样重要。
Mind health is ____ ____________ ____ body health.
11．It is so hot, but the air conditioner doesn't work. Please repair it as _________(quick) as possible.
as
important
as
quickly
形容词、副词的比较级
结构 含义 例句
A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than＋B 表示“A比B更……” I am older than my good friend.
A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than＋any other＋名词单数(＋介词短语) 比较级表达最高级意义 She is taller than any other girl in her class.
A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than＋the other＋名词复数(＋介词短语) She runs faster than the other girls in her class.
结构 含义 例句
比较级＋and＋比较级 表示“越来越……” The days are getting longer and longer.
the＋比较级，the＋比较级 表示“越……，越……” The more you practice, the better you'll be.
特殊疑问词＋谓语动词＋比较级，A or B？ 表示 “哪个/谁更……？” Which is bigger, the sun or the earth？
※拓展
常见的置于比较级前的修饰词：much、far、even、a bit、a little、a lot。
12．(2025扬州)The international influence of Yangzhou is getting ___________(strong) than before.
13.The more we communicate with our parents, the ________(well) we'll understand each other.
stronger
better
形容词、副词的最高级
最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示在某一范围内，或者在某类人或物中“最……”或“第几最……”。其用法如下：
结构 例句
主语＋谓语动词＋the(副词前可省略)＋最高级(＋单数名词)(＋介词短语) He is the tallest student in his class.
主语＋谓语动词＋one of the＋最高级＋名词复数(＋介词短语) He is one of the tallest boys in our class.
结构 例句
特殊疑问词＋谓语动词＋the(副词前可省略)＋最高级，A, B or C？ Who runs (the) fastest, Tom, Jack or Bill？
序数词＋最高级 He is the second tallest in his class.
14．(2025成都改编)贡嘎山是四川最高峰，比该地区任何一座山都高。
Mount Gongga is ______ __________ mountain in Sichuan, higher than any other in this area.
15．When Helen won a prize in the English competition, she believed she was the ____________(happy) girl in the world.
the
highest
happiest
※知识点补充：形容词、副词的比较级与最高级的构成
1．规则变化
分类 规则 例子
单音节和少数双音节词 一般情况，比较级在词尾加-er，最高级在词尾加-est high→higher→highest
以不发音字母-e结尾的单词，比较级直接加-r，最高级加-st safe→safer→safest
分类 规则 例子
单音节和少数双音节词 重读闭音节结尾的单词，词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est hot→hotter→hottest
辅音字母加-y结尾的单词，将y变为i，比较级加-er, 最高级加-est easy→easier→easiest
分类 规则 例子
多音节和部分双音节词 一般情况，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most useful→more useful→most useful
少数以-er结尾的双音节词，其比较级和最高级也是分别加-er和-est clever→cleverer→cleverest
2．不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/ill/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
※拓展：形容词/副词填空
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．(2025贵州)第一，均衡饮食很重要。
First, _____ ___________ to have a balanced diet.
2．(2025贵州)第二，锻炼也有帮助，它能燃烧卡路里。
Second, doing exercise ____ __________ too.It burns calories.
3．你能来帮我真是太好了。
____ _______ of you to come here and help me.
it's
important
is
helpful
It's
nice
4．做早操对健康有好处。
Doing morning exercises is ________ ______ health.
5．贵州因山而名，因水而美。
Guizhou is ___________________________ ______ its mountains and beautiful for its water.
6．长江是亚洲最长的河流。
The Yangtze River is ______ _________ river in Asia.
7．三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。
Two heads ______ _________ than one.
good
for
famous/known/well-known
for
the
longest
are
better
8．事实胜于雄辩。
Actions _______ __________ than words.
9．海拔越高，空气将越稀薄。
______ ________ the altitude is, the thinner the air will be.
10．收到我们所爱的人的祝福是最幸福的事情。
It's ______ _________ thing to receive the wishes from the ones we love.
11．每天锻炼后，我变得更强壮了。
I become ________ __________ after doing exercise every day.
speak
louder
The
higher
the
happiest
much
stronger
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．It's ________(real) cold today, so put on your coat.
2．The plants will grow much _________(well) because of enough rain.
3．This year, the weather in southwest China is ________(dry) than any other time in history.
4．The film is very _________(bore). I don't want to see it again.
5．—Who performed ________(bad) among these players
—John did.
6．With ______________(wonder) treasures inside, Yangzhou Museum is well worth visiting.
really
better
drier
boring
worst
wonderful
三、完形第二节
(一)(核心素养：思维品质)
When I had something difficult to do, I used to ask my mom for help. But she always said, “Do it yourself, dear.” I would get so 1 that I couldn't talk with my mother at that time. I thought she was the 2 mother in the world!
(　 　)1.A.happy　　　 B．excited　　 C．angry
(　 　)2.A.best B．worst C．youngest
C
B
One day, I decided to invite some friends to my home. My bedroom was in a big mess. Books were all over the table and the floor. I didn't make my bed, so I asked my mother to help me clean it. But she said 3 , “Do it yourself, dear.” Because of my “lazy mom”， I have to wash my clothes and clean my room. I often help my parents do housework.
(　 　)3.A.seriously B．slowly C．differently
A
It is really 4 to do everything on my own, but I have learned so much. As time goes by, I begin to understand her. I 5 remember what my mom always says, “Do it yourself, dear! Work can make you independent and sunny！”
(　 　)4.A.quick B．lucky C．hard
(　 　)5.A.really B．finally C．clearly
C
C
(二)
One evening I was in a coffee shop with my friend. When we were enjoying a 1 time, an old man entered and sat at a table next to us. He called the 2 and placed his order, saying, “Two cups of coffee, one on the wall.”
(　　)1.A.boring B．different C．relaxing
(　 )2.A.boss B．waiter C．teacher
C
B
Then the waiter 3 the man with one cup of coffee, but he paid for two. When he left, the waiter 4 a piece of paper on the wall, saying “A Cup of Coffee”. I 5 there were several pieces of paper which were the same as this one on the wall.
(　　)3.A.sold B．borrowed C．served
【解析】　考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指服务员给老人端上了一杯咖啡。故选C。
(　　)4.A.saw B．threw C．placed
(　　)5.A.noticed B．heard C．watched
C
C
A
My friend and I felt very 6 . After a while, a poorly dressed man entered. He got his seat and 7 the wall and said，“One cup from the wall.”
(　　)6.A.excited B．surprised C．confident
(　　)7.A.looked after B．shouted at C．looked at
【解析】　考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，此处指他找了一个座位，看着墙并点了一杯咖啡。故选C。
B
C
The waiter offered him the coffee 8 . The man enjoyed it and then left without paying. Then the waiter took off a piece of paper from the 9 .
Then we well understood what was happening. The first man and the waiter showed great respect(尊重) for people like the poor man. They could have a(n) 10 to enjoy a cup of free coffee without losing face. How beautiful the idea was!
(　　)8.A.politely B．easily C．unhappily
(　　)9.A.table B．board C．wall
(　　)10.A.time B．place C．chance
A
C
C
四、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)(核心素养：思维品质)
Erik Weihenmayer is an American adventurer(探险家). When he was young, he always went camping with his brothers. But 1. ________________　(unlucky), he became blind at the age of 13. But this has not stopped him from living an 2. ___________(excite) life. On May 25, 2001, he reached the top of Qomolangma. He was so proud that he made it possible for people who
unluckily
exciting
cannot see to climb the world's 3. ________(high) mountain. Three years later, he led a group of blind teenagers up the 7,045-meter Mount Lhakpa Ri. Although the group did not get to the top 4. _____________(successful), their amazing journey was made into a movie called Blindsight. His experiences encourage many people.
highest
successfully
(二)
Molly, a 13-year-old girl, likes outdoor activities. Of all outdoor activities, she likes riding horses 1. ______(well)．
One day, Molly and her mother decided to ride horses. There were many horses on the farm. Among them，one white horse was 2. _________ (strong) than others. Molly and her mom chose it and decided to ride it.
At first, everything went 3. ________(good). When riding, Molly thought she was the 4. ___________(happy) person in the world. After Molly, it was her mom's turn. But 5. __________(sudden), a loud noise shocked another
best
stronger
well
happiest
suddenly
horse. Then the white horse ran to the horse, and Molly's mom fell from the white horse. The even 6. __________(bad) thing was that she was badly hurt. Molly was so 7. __________(worry)．
Molly shouted for help, but there was no one around her. Then Molly forced herself to calm down 8. ______________(quick). Then she called the ambulance(救护车) and waited for help.
9. __________(lucky), Molly's mother was treated in time. “You are the 10. _________(brave) girl in my heart，” Molly's mother said. Molly was proud of herself.
worse
worried
quickly
Luckily
bravest(共42张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题十一　句子种类(3年7考)
五种基本句型
基本句型 说明 例句
主语＋系动词＋表语 谓语动词为系动词，系动词后可直接跟名词、代词或形容词作表语 ◇Li Lei is a nurse.
◇He looks unhappy today.
主语＋谓语(不及物动词)(＋状语) 谓语动词是不及物动词，能表达完整的意思，其后不能直接加宾语，但可接状语进行修饰 The boy runs every day.
基本句型 说明 例句
主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语 谓语动词是及物动词，后跟动作的承受者才能表达完整的意思 The boy reads a book.
主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语(人)＋直接宾语(物) He gave me a nice pen.
主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语 该句型的两种作用：①说明宾语的特点、身份等；②通过感官知道宾语做了某事或让宾语去完成某个动作 ◇We made him our monitor.
◇I saw him go out.
感叹句
1．感叹句的判定
感叹句用于表达惊异、喜悦、气愤等强烈的情绪，一般由what或how开头。what 修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。如：How lovely the girl is！＝What a lovely girl she is!
2．感叹句的基本句型
(1)What＋(a/an)＋形容词＋名词(＋主语＋谓语)！如：
◇What a nice film (it is)!
◇What fine weather (it is)!
◇What clever students (they are)!
在感叹句中，what a/an常用来修饰单数可数名词，若该名词前面的形容词的发音以元音音素开头，则用what an；what用来修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。但有些不可数名词(rain、surprise、breakfast、lunch等)前面有形容词修饰，从而使抽象名词具体化时，则要用what a/an。如：
What an unforgettable lunch!
(2)How＋形容词/副词(＋主语＋谓语)！如：
◇How beautiful she is!
◇How fast he runs!
How还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，由“How＋主语＋谓语！”构成。如：
How time flies！(How修饰动词)
3．what和how的选用技巧
【速记口诀】
感叹句，并不难，what、how 放句前；
强调名词用what，其余用how很简单。
1．终身学习真是太重要了！
______ ___________ lifelong learning is!
2．《山行》是一首多么美的诗啊！
_______ __ beautiful poem Going up the Hill is!
3．贵州的发展多么令人惊叹啊！
______ __________ the development of Guizhou is!
How
important
What
a
How
amazing
4．这三年你们取得了多么大的进步啊！
________ ___________ progress you have made in the past three years!
5．今天天气多好啊！
________ ______________ weather it is today!
What
great/big
What
fine/good/nice
疑问句
1．一般疑问句
一般疑问句通常用来询问某事情或某情况是否属实，一般要用Yes或No来回答。在答语中通常重复问句里的be动词、助动词或情态动词。
2．特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是由特殊疑问词(组)引导的疑问句。常用的特殊疑问词有who、whom、whose、which、what、when、where、why、how及how引导的词组how many、how long、how often、how far、how soon等。特殊疑问句不用Yes或No作答，要根据实际情况作答。
3．选择疑问句
选择疑问句是提问者提供两种或两种以上情况让对方从中做出选择的疑问句，选项之间要用连词or连接。
选择疑问句不能用Yes或No来回答，应用完整的陈述句或根据选项部分用一个短语来回答，也可根据实际情况用不定代词both、all、either、neither或none作答。如：
—Are you going by train or by plane
—I'm going by train./By train./Neither, I will go by car.
6．在学校，你和同学相处有困难吗？
____ ______ have difficulty getting along with your classmates at school
7．这些苗绣饰品总共多少钱？
______ ________ are these Miao embroidery ornaments in total
8．你家离遵义多远？
______ ______ is your home from Zunyi
Do
you
How
much
How
far
9．你能告诉我怎么去青云市集吗？
_____________ ______ tell me how to get to Qingyun Market
10．当你遇到困难的时候，为什么不和父母交流一下呢？
When you are in trouble, ______ _________ you communicate with your parents
11．早上你通常几点去学校？
________ ________ do you usually go to school in the morning
Can/Could
you
why
don't
What
time
祈使句
1．祈使句的定义
用于表达请求、命令、叮嘱、警告、劝告等的句子叫祈使句。
2．祈使句的用法
类型 肯定结构 否定结构
Do型 (Please＋)动词原形(＋宾语) (＋其他)． 如：Please sit down. Don't/Never＋动词原形(＋其他)．
如：Never play in the street.
类型 肯定结构 否定结构
Be型 Be＋表语(名词或形容词)(＋其他)． 如：Be a good boy！ Don't＋be＋表语(名词或形容词)(＋其他)．
如：Don't be late again.
Let型 Let＋宾语＋动词原形(＋其他)． 如：Let me help you. Don't let＋宾语＋动词原形(＋其他)＝Let＋宾语＋not＋动词原形(＋其他)．
如：Don't let him go.＝Let him not go.
其他 — No＋名词/动名词(＋其他)．
如：No swimming！
12．(2025贵州)第三，别忘了阅读食品包装上的营养信息。这样我们能很好地选择食物。
Third, ________ __________ to read the nutritional information on food packaging. Then we can make good food choices.
13．(2025贵州)让我们管理好体重，保持健康！
Let's manage our weight ______ ________ healthy!
14．在电影院看电影时，记得保持安静。
___________ ____ keep quiet when watching movies in the cinema.
don't
forget
and
keep
Remember
to
15．禁止乱扔垃圾！
____ ___________________ rubbish everywhere!
16．对别人要有耐心。
____ _________ with others.
No
throwing/littering
Be
patient
存现句(there be句型)
1．there be句型的用法
there be句型表示“某处有某人(或某物)”，be动词的形式要与最靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
结构 例句
肯定句 There be＋主语＋地点/时间状语． ◇There is a bird and some monkeys in the tree.
◇There are two boys and a girl under the tree.
结构 例句
否定句 There be＋not/no＋主语＋地点/时间状语． ◇There are no pictures on the wall.
◇There aren't any pictures on the wall.
一般疑问句及答语 Be＋there＋主语＋地点/时间状语？ —Is there any water in the bottle
—Yes, there is./No, there isn't.
肯定回答：Yes, there be. 否定回答：No, there be not
结构 例句
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词(组)＋名词＋be＋there＋地点/时间状语？ —How many books are there on the table
—There are 30.
2．there be与have的区别
区别 例句
含义不同 there be表示某个时间或地点“存在”某人或某物 There was a concert in the hall yesterday.
have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物 She has three cars.
结构不同 There be＋sb./sth.＋地点/时间状语． There are some children in the garden.
sb./sth.＋have/has＋sb./sth. He has a brother and a sister.
用be动词的正确形式填空。
I live in a big city. There 17. ____ a beautiful park near my house. There 18. ______ many trees and flowers in it. Yesterday, there 19. ______ a fun fair with games and food stalls(摊位). There 20. ________ children laughing and playing everywhere. At noon, there 21. ___________ any rain, so we enjoyed a picnic. Later, there was a magic show, which was amazing! Before leaving, I thought，“There must 22. ____ more fun days like this！” I like my city.
is
are
was
were
wasn't
be
※拓展
主谓一致
◆“语法一致”指句子的谓语动词要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
知识点 例句
either、neither、each、one、the other、another、anybody、anyone、anything、somebody、someone、something、everything、everybody、everyone、no one、nothing、nobody等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数 ◇Neither sentence is correct.
◇Everybody makes mistakes in his life.
知识点 例句
(both)…and…连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人、事、概念等，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数 ◇Bread and butter is my usual breakfast.
◇Both his father and his mother are teachers.
主语是单数，尽管有with、together with、as well as等修饰，谓语动词用单数 Mr. Li with his sons has gone to Shenzhen.
知识点 例句
表示成双成套的名词，如trousers、scissors、sock、glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数 His glasses are clear.
加减乘除用单数 Fifteen minus five is ten.
all of、most of、a lot of、some of、none of、plenty of、the rest(of)等＋名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词 ◇None of the books satisfy the students.
◇None of this meat is fit to eat.
知识点 例句
a/the/数词＋pair(s) of trousers/scissors/glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于量词 ◇A pair of glasses is on the desk.
◇Two pairs of gloves are quite enough.
23．We all ________(love) our country very much!
24．(2025达州)He always ___________(spend) time with his family on weekends.
25．Eating too much sugar _______________(increase) the risk of heart disease.
26．My grandparents usually ________(rest) on the bench in the park.
27．Both Lily and Lucy ______________(visit) Guiyang twice already.
love
spends
increases
rest
have visited
◆“意义一致”指谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义保持一致。
知识点 例句
主语形式为单数，意义为复数，谓语动词用复数 The police are very kind to the people.
主语形式为复数，意义为单数，谓语动词用单数 The New York Times is a popular newspaper in the US.
“the＋形容词”表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数 The old are taken good care of in China.
知识点 例句
family、class、group、team等集体名词作主语，强调一个整体时，谓语动词用单数；指整体中的每个成员时，谓语动词用复数 ◇His family isn't large.
◇My family all like watching TV.
“时间、距离、金额、面积”等复数名词作主语时，作为一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数 Four hundred dollars is a lot of money.
知识点 例句
“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词 ◇Ten percent of the apples were bad.
◇Ten percent of the water is polluted.
“a number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数 ◇A number of people were invited to the party.
◇The number of the students is eight hundred.
28．Chinese people ______(be) proud of our rich traditional culture.
29．The happiness a person has ___________(depend) on how he feels about things.
30．Two months ____(be) not enough for me.
31．My family ________(mean) a lot to me. I love them all.
32．The rich ______(be) not always happy.
are
depends
is
mean
are
◆“就近原则”指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。
知识点 例句
or、either…or...、neither…nor...、not only…but also…、there be、here be连接的并列主语，谓语动词与最靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致 Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.
33．Neither she nor I ____(be) from Canada.
34．Not only my parents but my little sister _______________ (prepare) for the birthday party at that time.
35．Either Jim or his brother ______(have) to stay at home today.
am
was preparing
has
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．红灯时请不要横穿马路。
________ _______ the road when the traffic lights are red.
2．(2025贵州)有很多管理好体重的方法。
________ _____ many ways to manage our weight.
Don't
cross
There
are
3．在收获的季节，农民是多么忙碌啊！
______ ________ the farmers are during the harvest time!
4．乘坐高铁从贵阳到香港需要多长时间？
______ ________ does it take from Guiyang to Hong Kong by high－speed train
5．“一带一路”源于中国，但它属于整个世界。
“The Belt and Road” is from China but _________ ___ the whole world.
How
busy
How
long
belongs
to
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．Don't lose heart, son. There ____(be) always a way out.
2．I don't have a volleyball, but my brother Jim ________(do)．
3．When given something you don't want to eat, just _________ (refuse) politely.
4．I know neither the twin sisters nor Jim _______________(play) such exciting games before.
5．Five years ____(be) not a long time for trees.
is
does
refuse
has played
is
三、完形第一节
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．Why B．Who C．How D．What an　E．Where　F．When
Last summer, my family went camping in the mountains.1. __ did we arrive Just as the sun was setting, painting the sky orange and pink. 2. __ did we set up our tent Near a beautiful lake surrounded by tall pine trees(松树).
F
E
3. __ was this trip special Because we saw wildlife we'd never seen before! One morning, a deer came close to our campsite.
At night, we sat around the campfire telling stories. 4. __ told the scariest story My dad, of course! 5. __ amazing storyteller he is! The stars shone brighter than we'd ever seen. Isn't nature wonderful
We returned home with unforgettable memories. Which part did I enjoy most Definitely(确定地) the peaceful mornings by the lake. What a perfect vacation it was!
A
B
D
A．Why B．Who C．How D．What an　E．Where　F．When
四、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Is there a quiet place where you can learn and dream For me, it is the city library near my school.
How amazing it is! There 1. ______(be) thousands of books on different shelves — history, science, and stories. 2. _______(take) off your shoes when you enter the reading room, and keep your voice down. Don't 3. ___________ (forget) to return books on time, or you'll get a small fine.
are
Take
forget
Can you find your favorite books easily Ask the kind librarians for help if you need. They 4. ________(know) every corner of this place.
What a great treasure the library is! It 5. ________(help) me prepare for exams and opens a world of e to visit it — you'll surely fall in love with the peaceful atmosphere(氛围) here!
know
helps(共22张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题九　被动语态(3年2考)
被动语态的构成与基本用法
被动语态由“be动词＋过去分词”构成，其中be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。
用法 例句
不清楚动作的执行者是谁 The window in the classroom was broken yesterday.
没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁 These books are written especially for children.
强调或突出动作的承受者 John is asked to make a speech by his teacher.
※拓展
1．有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：last、have、own、belong to…
2．不及物动词或不及物动词词组没有被动语态：happen、take place、appear…
3．系动词主动形式表被动含义：look、feel、sound、smell、taste…如：The dish tastes good.
4．有些实义动词的主动形式亦可表被动含义：sell、write、act、drive…如：This kind of skirt sells well.
5. 在主动语态中不带“to”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“to”。常见的有感官动词see、hear、watch、feel、notice等以及使役动词let、make、have。如：
The teacher made Tom clean the floor.(变为被动语态)
→Tom was made to clean the floor by the teacher.
一般现在时的被动语态
肯定式 am/is/are＋过去分词 The window is cleaned once a week.
否定式 am/is/are＋not＋过去分词 The window is not cleaned once a week.
疑问式 am/is/are＋主语＋过去分词 Is the window cleaned once a week？
1．Many activities _________(hold) to improve the relationship between humans and animals on World Animal Day every year.
2．Many traffic accidents _____________(cause) by careless driving.
3．I feel proud that Chinese ______________(speak) by the most people in the world.
4．The tea made in China __________(send) to many different countries every year.
are held
are caused
is spoken
is sent
一般过去时的被动语态
肯定式 was/were＋过去分词 The window was cleaned once a week last term.
否定式 was/were＋not＋过去分词 The window was not cleaned once a week last term.
疑问式 was/were＋主语＋过去分词 Was the window cleaned once a week last term？
5．(2025福建改编)China's Beijing Library _________________ (name) “Public Library of the Year” in 2024.
6．(2025江西改编)I hear that Jingdezhen Porcelain(瓷器) ___________ (show) in Paris last month.
7．These novels ________________(write) by Mo Yan in 1991.
was named
was shown
were written
一般将来时的被动语态
肯定式 will/shall/be going to＋be＋过去分词 The window will/is going to be cleaned once a week next term.
否定式 will/shall not/be not going to＋be＋过去分词 The window will not/is not going to be cleaned once a week next term.
疑问式 will＋主语＋be＋过去分词/be＋主语＋going to＋be＋过去分词 Will the window be cleaned once a week next term？/Is the window going to be cleaned once a week next term？
8．将来，人工智能工具将被用于更多的领域。
AI tools ______ ____ ________ in more fields in the future.
9．一些月球的照片将于下周在太空俱乐部展出。
Some photos of the moon ____ _______ ___ ____ ________ in the space club next week.
will
be
used
is
going
to
be
shown
含情态动词的被动语态(课标未作要求)
肯定式 情态动词＋be＋过去分词 The window can be cleaned once a week.
否定式 情态动词＋not＋be＋过去分词 The window cannot be cleaned once a week.
疑问式 情态动词＋主语＋be＋过去分词 Can the window be cleaned once a week？
10．我爸爸太累了。应该做点什么让他放松一下。
My father is too tired. Something ___________ ____ ________ to make him relaxed.
11．Bob，你的房间太脏了。必须每天清扫一下。
Bob, your room is so dirty. It _______ ____ __________ every day.
should
be
done
must
be
cleaned
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．当Emma的作文在课堂上被作为范文朗读时，她很兴奋。
Emma got excited when her writing ______ _______ as a model in class.
2．红色在中国被视为好运的象征。
Red ____ ____________________________ as a symbol of good luck in China.
was
read
is
regarded/seen/considered
3．文字被创造出来记录和传播信息。
Characters ______ __________ for recording and spreading information.
4．环境应该被全世界的人们保护。
The environment should ____ ________________ by people all over the world.
5．传统茶叶是手工制作的，以确保其质量。
Traditional tea ____ ________ by hand to ensure its quality.
were
created
be
protected
is
made
6．这张照片是我五岁时在贵阳拍的。
This photo ______ _______ in Guiyang when I was five.
7．我们将分为两组进行角色扮演。
We _______ ____ __________ into two groups to do the role－play.
8．这些废弃物可以回收以制造新东西。
The waste ______ ____ ___________ to make new things.
was
taken
will
be
divided
can
be
recycled
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．It‘s said that more libraries _______________________ (build) soon.
2．Water in this fridge ________________(offer) to people who work in high temperatures for free.
will/are going to be built
is offered
3．Tom was an unexpected guest at the party because he ____________ (not invite)．
wasn't invited
4．Our personal information ___________________(steal) if we are not careful enough on the Internet.
5．The reading room _______________(clean) yesterday afternoon.
6．A few years ago, this group _________(set) up to protect endangered wild animals.
will be stolen
was cleaned
was set
7．It is reported that 6G technology __________________(use) widely in a short time.
8．I can't remember clearly. The photo _____________________ (take) in March.
will be used
may/might be taken
三、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)
Every year，many people drown(溺死). Can a strong and helpful tool 1.______________(create) to save people by the river This question comes into Liu Tiancheng's mind.
At the end of the summer vacation in 2023, Liu's research on drowning accidents in cities 2. _______________(finish). He found that along the
be created
was finished
banks of these cities, the water safety tools were mainly throwable lifebuoys (抛掷式救生圈). Also, in some cities, rescue poles(救援杆) have been placed along the rivers.But they are usually very heavy and can only reach 2 to 5 meters.
So Liu came up with an idea of making a special rescue pole. “When it's folded(折叠), it's less than 1 meter long, so it can be 3. ___________ (carry) easily. But it can reach about 5 meters if you need，” Liu said.Then, the water rescue pole 4. _________________(invent) by the smart boy. He said, “In the future, it 5. _______________(use) in different situations and will be helpful.” According to Liu, the tool costs about 120 yuan.
carried
was invented
will be used
(二)
I am a teacher. So far, I have taught many students. Of them, Franklin 1. ________________(consider) the most special. Why The following can help you get to know him.
From the first day of school, Franklin was immersed(沉浸) in his own world. My idea of becoming good friends with him disappeared because of his complete indifference(冷漠). Only a silent nod 2. _____________(give) to me when I said, “Good morning, Franklin.”
is considered
was given
One day, we heard a fund-raising activity for poor students would 3. __________(hold) at school. However, the next day, almost everyone forgot, except Franklin.Five coins 4. ____________(put) into the box by him. I gave the money to the headmaster of the school. I told him Franklin also gave away money. The headmaster 5. _______________(touch) by Franklin's action. He told me Franklin was one of the poor students, too.
I 6. ________________(surprise) by his words. From that day on, I knew Franklin was warm-hearted. And I have changed my mind about him since then.
be held
were put
was touched
was surprised(共34张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题十二　复合句(3年11考)
并列连词
1．并列连词的基本用法
作用 并列连词 例句
表示并列关系 and, both…and…， not only…but also…， neither…nor… ◇We were singing and dancing all the evening.
◇Not only you but also he likes football.
表示选择关系 or, either…or… Would you like milk or juice？
作用 并列连词 例句
表示转折关系 but, yet, or It is very cold but they are still working.
表示因果关系 so，for ◇It rains heavily, so I'll take a taxi.
◇The days are short, for it is December.
注：but 和although/though不连用；so和because不连用。
A．or B．either C．And D．but　 E．Neither　 F．so
1．__ you nor Tom needs to stay at home to look after the little sister.
2．He can __ sing a song or tell a joke at the party to make everyone happy.
3．—Does Jane do well in English
—Yes, she does. __ she is also good at math and history.
4．Hurry up, __ you will miss the train.
5．I wanted to buy a new dictionary, __ I didn't have enough money.
E
B
C
A
D
状语从句
1．状语从句分类与从属连词
状语从句 从属连词 例句
时间状语从句 when, while, before, after, until/till, as soon as, as, since I'll give him the book when I see him.
条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as If it rains, we'll have to stay at home.
原因状语从句 because, since, as(三者的语气由强到弱) He took a taxi，because it rained.
状语从句 从属连词 例句
目的状语从句 so that, in order that Hurry up so that you can catch the first bus.
结果状语从句 so…that…， such…that… The car is so expensive that I can't afford it.
让步状语从句 although, though, even if/though, whatever/whenever/whoever… Although he's nearly 80, he is still very active.
方式状语从句 as, as if, as though You should do as I tell you.
2．状语从句的时态
主将从现 在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，而主句依然用一般将来时；常见使用“主将从现”的连词(组)：表时间的有when、while、until、till、before、after、as soon as等；表条件的有if、unless、as long as等；如：When I get to senior high, I will join the school swimming team.
主祈/情从现 若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词时，那么从句用一般现在时表示将来；如：Practice hard if you want to win the game.
特殊情况 since引导的时间状语从句，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时；如：How have you changed since you started junior high school？
在before和after引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句是过去时，主句一般用过去完成时；如：But before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．While　B．because　C．If　D．Before　E．Although　F．after
When the sun rose, we started our hike. We walked carefully 6. __ the path was slippery(湿滑的). 7. __ it was early, birds were already singing. We stopped to rest where the trees provided shade. 8. __ you listen closely, you can hear the sound of a nearby stream. 9. __ we were eating lunch, a squirrel ran past us. 10. __ we left, we took photos to remember the beautiful day. What a fun day!
B
E
C
A
D
宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句子中起名词的作用，相当于一个名词词组，在整个句子中充当主句的宾语。宾语从句主要考查其引导词、时态和语序。
1．宾语从句的种类与引导词
从句种类 引导词 例句
陈述句 that在从句中无词义，一般情况下可省略(作except、in、but、besides等少数介词的宾语时that不能省略) He told me (that) he would be back soon.
从句种类 引导词 例句
一般疑问句 if、whether意为“是否”，一般情况下可互换；注意：whether…or not…句型中不能用if 替换 ◇She asked me if/whether she could join us.
◇We're discussing whether or not to go skiing this winter.
特殊疑问句 常用who、how、what、why等特殊疑问词作引导词 Do you know who broke the door？
2．宾语从句的语序和时态
解读 例句
语序 用陈述句语序(What's wrong/the matter/going on？除外) Can you tell me what your name is？
时态 主句是现在时，从句可根据需要使用任何时态 I want to know if he went to see the film yesterday.
主句是过去时，从句要相应地用过去的某种时态 They said that they would come back next week.
解读 例句
时态 从句表客观事实、真理或自然现象时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时 Our teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
3．宾语从句的简化
用法 简化前后对比
主句的谓语动词是hope、decide、wish、choose、agree、promise等时，宾语从句可简化为“谓语动词＋不定式” Li Ming hopes(that) he will be back very soon.
＝Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
用法 简化前后对比
主句的谓语动词是ask、show、teach等时，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式” Could you tell me how I can get to the station
＝Could you tell me how to get to the station？
用法 简化前后对比
主句的谓语动词是order、require等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“order/require＋名词/代词＋不定式” The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.
＝The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
用法 简化前后对比
主句的谓语动词是think、make、find等时，宾语从句可简化为“think/make/find＋宾语＋宾语补足语” People thought that he was a brave boy.
＝People thought him a brave boy.
【宾语从句速记口诀】
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if, whether)替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移；
从句若在讲真理，牢记永远用一现。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．that　B．where　C．how　D．which　E．whether　F．why
(五育之劳育)My school has a vegetable garden. At first, we didn't know 11. __ we could work. Then our teacher chose a place and we could grow what we liked in each area. At the same time, our school offered some courses to teach us how to cook safely and 12. __ we needed to follow these steps. So when the vegetables are ready, we can cook delicious food with them. But most of us are worried about 13. __ we can make full use of these vegetables or not.
B
F
E
The vegetable garden is good for our health because it produces organic food(有机食品). This means 14. ___ we don't use chemicals(化学制品)to kill insects or help plants grow. It's amazing to see 15. ___ we can have a good influence on our health by growing our own food. We love the vegetable garden.
A
C
A．that　B．where　C．how　D．which　E．whether　F．why
定语从句
关系词 先行词 在从句中的成分 例句
that/who 人 作主语/宾语(作宾语可省略) The man who/that is sitting there is from Xi'an.
that/which 物 作主语/宾语(作宾语可省略) I like the story (which/that) he told me yesterday.
whom (了解) 人 作宾语 He didn't know the man whom he talked with.
关系词 先行词 在从句中的成分 例句
whose (了解) 人或物 作定语 ◇She's an artist whose work I really admire.
◇They live in a room whose window faces the south.
根据语境，用合适的关系代词填空。
16．A true friend is a person _____________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
17．The house in _________ Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.
18．The girl _____________ the teacher is talking to is my sister.
19．This is the most beautiful beach _______ I have seen.
20．We should follow the advice of those __________ ideas are better than ours.
that/who
which
who/whom
that
whose
21．Here are the books _____________ I bought last month.
22．Those stories tell about strange people and things _____ my grandpa has met.
which/that
that
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．我的朋友们也想知道我为什么对科技节感兴趣。
My friends also _________ ____ I am interested in the science festival.
2．我们不但学到很多知识，而且体验了真正的务农。
______ ________ did we learn a lot of knowledge, ______ ________ experienced true farming.
wonder
why
Not
only
but
also
3．不管问题有多难，Paul总能想出一个好办法。
____ ______ how difficult the problem is, Paul can always come up with a good idea.
4．手机是让人们的生活更便捷的工具。
Mobile phones are the tools _____________ ______ people's lives easier.
5．我每天早上起得很早，以便能赶上校车。
I get up early every day ____ ______ I can catch the school bus.
No
matter
that/which
make
so
that
二、单句选词填空，每词只用一次
until　　so　　which　　although　　that
1．There are no buses now, ____ we have to walk home.
2．At the graduation ceremony, we talked about the teachers and the things _____ we remember.
3．I still remember the time ________ we spent together on Mount Xisai last year.
4．__________ it rained heavily, no one in our class was late for school.
5．She didn't go to sleep _______ she worked out the math problem.
so
that
which
Although
until
三、完形第一节
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
(一)
A．When　B．Where　C．who D．what　E．that　F．and
On the first day to my new school, it was cold and snowy. I was walking alone slowly 1. ___ worrying about something in my new school. It was so early 2. ___ there weren't many people on the road.
F
E
Suddenly, a girl 3. ___ was riding a bike in the snow fell down. She was trying hard to stand up but fell again. Without thinking, I went over to help her quickly. She said “thank you” with a smile and then rode away. Her smile warmed me a lot.
4. ___ I got to school, the teacher led me to the classroom and introduced me to the class.
C
A
A．When　B．Where　C．who D．what　E．that　F．and
Soon the first class, English, started. Their textbooks were different from those in my old school. As I was wondering 5. ___ to do, an English book appeared in front of me. “Let's share it，” the girl beside me said. I looked up. To my surprise, it was the girl that I helped this morning. From then on, we became good friends.
From that I learned, to help others is actually to help ourselves!
D
A．When　B．Where　C．who D．what　E．that　F．and
(二)
A．After　B．because　C．that D．But　E．Although　F．when
When Mae was a little girl, she took dance classes. A lot of her pals(同伴)liked to dance and hoped to be dancers 1. ___ they grew up. Mae liked to dance, too. But she wanted to be a scientist.
In the 1960s, few women had jobs as scientists. 2. ___ Mae always planned to go to space. She knew 3. ___ someday she would be an astronaut.
Mae studied science in college. 4. ___ she got her degree, she joined the Peace Corps(队)as a doctor and treated people in Africa.
F
D
C
A
When Mae returned home, she still wanted to visit space. 5. __ she tried to get into the space program, she was not chosen. Mae didn't give up. She applied(申请)again and was accepted. In 1987, Mae began training to fly in a space shuttle(航天飞机). Finally, in 1992, she was picked to fly to space.
E
A．After　B．because　C．that D．But　E．Although　F．when(共47张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题一　名词(3年13考)
名词的分类
类别 定义 例子
专有名词(2022年版课标词汇表新增) 表示具体的人名、地名、机构名、国名、星期、月份、节日或某一事物所特有的名称 Linda琳达　　　　 Africa非洲
Monday星期一　　Teachers' Day教师节
类别 定义 例子
普通 名词 可数 名词 个体 名词 表示个别人或事物的词 football足球　　　
cat猫
banana香蕉　　　
doctor医生
集体 名词 表示若干个体组成的集合体的词 class班级　　　　
family家人
police警方　　　　
team团队
类别 定义 例子
普通 名词 不可数 名词 物质 名词 表示无法分成个体的物质或材料的词 water水　　　　
meat肉
milk牛奶　　　　　wood木材
抽象 名词 表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象概念的词 sadness伤心　　　
beauty美丽
knowledge知识　　information信息
1．(2025陕西)它拥有“民歌之乡”的美誉。
It has the name of the “_______________________ of Folk Songs”．
2．中国共产党成立于1921年7月1日。
The Communist Party of China (CPC) was founded on ______ 1, 1921.
3．周末，图书馆里总是挤满了年轻读者。
At weekends, libraries are always full of young __________.
Town/Home/Hometown
July
readers
4．Jane中等身材，一头卷发。
Jane is of medium ________, and she has curly hair.
5．警察经常不得不迅速决定如何行动。
The police often have to make a quick ___________ on how to act.
height
decision
可数名词及其单、复数
1．可数名词单数变复数的规则变化
构成方法 例子
一般情况下，在词尾加-s book→books, map→maps, pen→pens, ruler→rulers，plant→plants, student→students, bird→birds, road→roads
多数以x、s、ch、sh结尾的名词，加-es box→boxes, bus→buses, watch→watches，dish→dishes
构成方法 例子
以f或fe结尾的名词，把f或fe变为v，再加-es leaf→leaves, wife→wives, knife→knives
以y结尾的名词 以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，把y变为i，再加-es baby→babies,
country→countries
以元音字母＋y结尾的名词，在词尾加-s monkey→monkeys,
boy→boys
构成方法 例子
以o结尾的名词 多数加-s，少数加-es tomato→tomatoes,
potato→potatoes,
photo→photos, radio→radios, piano→pianos
2．可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化
构成方法 例子
变a为e型 man→men, woman→women, Englishman→Englishmen,
Frenchwoman→Frenchwomen
变oo为ee型 foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese
在词尾加-ren child→children
单、复数形式相同的名词 sheep→sheep, deer→deer, Chinese→Chinese,
Japanese→Japanese
【速记口诀】
单数变复数，规则要记住，一般加-s，特殊有几处：
s结尾，es不离后；末尾字母o，大多加-s；
两人(negro, hero)有两菜(tomato, potato)，es不离口；
词尾f、fe，-s前有v和e；
没有规则词，必须单独记。
3．可数名词的量的表达
注：对可数名词的数量进行提问时，用how many。
4．其他情况
情况 例子
常以复数形式出现 glasses, shorts, trousers, clothes
一些集体名词形式上是单数，意义上是复数 people, police, staff(全体职工)
集体名词表示整体/集合体，视作单数，作主语时谓语动词用单数；表示该群体的个体成员，视作复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数 ◇The family is not large. (指家庭整体)
◇The family are all music lovers. (指家庭中的成员)
情况 例子
有些复数形式的名词表示特别的意义 manners(礼仪), times(时代)
由两个名词组成的复合名词变复数时 一般只将最后一个名词变为复数 some boy players, two bus drivers
如果是man或woman与其所限定的名词，前后两个名词同时变为复数 men drivers，
women doctors
6．The new high-speed train CR450 can run at a speed of 400 ______________(kilometre) per hour.
7．There are many famous _________(woman) heroes in the Chinese history.
8．These nice ________(photo) were taken by my teachers last week.
9．Tom! Please brush your _______(tooth) carefully twice a day!
10．Americans always use ___________(knife) to have meals while Chinese use chopsticks.
kilometres
women
photos
teeth
knives
不可数名词
1．常见的不可数名词
2．既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词的名词
某些名词表示物质或抽象概念时是不可数的，而在表示个体概念时是可数的，如下表所示。
名词 可数 不可数 名词 可数 不可数
chicken 小鸡 鸡肉 room 房间 空间
glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 time 次/倍数 时间
orange 橘子 橙汁 wood 树林 木头，木材
paper 报纸； 文件 纸 work 作品 工作
exercise 练习； 习题 锻炼 light 电灯 光线
fish 鱼的种类/条数 鱼肉 experience 经历 经验
注： fish作鱼的种类讲时，是可数名词，复数为fishes；作鱼肉讲时，是不可数名词；作鱼的条数讲时，单复数同形，均为fish。
3. 不可数名词的量的表达
不可数名词需要计量时，通常用 “冠词/数词＋计量名词＋of＋不可数名词” 结构来表示，其中计量名词的单复数形式随其前面的冠词/数词而变。如：a glass of water 一杯水；three cups of coffee 三杯咖啡；four pieces of advice四条建议。常见的量词短语有：a box of 一盒……；a bottle of 一瓶……；a cup of 一杯……；a piece of一片/张/块……等。
※拓展
用法 常见限定词
只能修饰不可数名词的限定词 a little, little, much，a bit of，a large amount of，a good/great deal of
只能修饰可数名词的限定词 a few, few, many, several, a number of
既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的限定词 a lot of，lots of，plenty of，some/any，all，enough，most
11．我一点也不饿，因为我刚才吃了很多面包。
I'm not hungry at all because I just ate ______ _______.
12．我们想要两杯茶。
We would like two cups of ____.
13．Lisa, 回来的路上你能帮我买些肉吗？
Lisa, could you help me buy ______ ______ on your way back
14．下次不要迟到了，这个月你已经迟到3次了。
Don't be late next ______. You have been late three _______ this month.
much
bread
tea
some
meat
time
times
名词所有格
's 表示有生命的名词的所有格，或表示时间、距离、地点等
单数名词变所有格，只需在词尾加-'s the teacher's desk, today's paper, my group's idea
复数名词变所有格 以s 结尾的复数名词后只加-' students' reading room, five minutes' walk
不以s结尾的复数名词后加-'s children's toys, men's room
表示共同所有，在最后一个名词后面加 -'s This is James and Dick's room.
's 表示有生命的名词的所有格，或表示时间、距离、地点等
表示每个人“各有”，在每个名词后分别加-'s Jenny's and Mary's rooms face to the south.
表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格等名词的所有格，单数后加-'s，复数后加-' a quarter of an hour's talk
twenty miles' trip
表示商铺、某人的家、诊所等时，名词所有格后的名词可以省略 at my grandpa's
at a doctor's
of所有格表示无生命的名词的所属关系
the map of the world, the window of the room, the gate of our school
双重所有格
of ＋ 名词's a friend of my mother's, a picture of Lily's
of ＋ 名词性物主代词 two classmates of mine, three cousins of hers
15．We had a bad time that day, but the next _________(day) trip was pretty good.
16．It is reported that 30 __________(minute) walk every day is healthy enough.
17．John is one of ________(Jane) good friends.
18．This is ____(Tom) and _______(Tim) room. It's very big.
day's
minutes'
Jane's
Tom
Tim's
名词辨析
1．语境辨析
这类考题要求考生运用自己的知识积累和生活经验，根据上下文语境及含义，推测出考题要表达的意思，从而得出正确的答案。
2．近义词辨析
对于含义相近的名词，主要从语义或语法角度区分其不同之处。
阅读下面短文，从框内5个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．streets　　B．of　　C．music D．tickets　E．concerts
(地域特色)Street concerts in Guiyang have become a popular activity. When night falls, you can hear many kinds of 19. __ in Guiyang, especially during holidays and special festivals. The small 20. __ are full of visitors and musicians. You don't need to buy 21. __ or book seats because all the concerts are free. These concerts are held by music lovers. Today, the small street concerts in Guiyang are becoming a name card 22. __ the city. Even many foreigners enjoy experiencing street concerts.
C
A
D
B
※拓展：名词填空
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．我在哈尔滨时碰见了两个德国人和四个日本人。
I met two __________ and four ___________ when I was in Harbin.
2．对我来说这是小菜一碟。
It's __ _______ ___ ______ for me.
Germans
Japanese
a
piece
of
cake
3．我能听见她甜美的声音从隔壁房间传来。
I could hear her sweet _______ from the next room.
4．它应该有一个线上课程。
It should have an online ________.
5．它们当中有许多通常都有重要的意义。
Many of them usually have important ___________.
6．父亲节在六月的第三个星期日。
Father's Day falls on the third Sunday of ______.
voice
course
meanings
June
7．你知道的，我是一个甜食爱好者。
I have a _______ _______, you know.
8．除了寒假和暑假，我们学校的图书馆全天开放。
Our school library is open all day except during winter and ___________
_____________________.
9．这个小女孩非常喜欢下棋。
The little girl likes __________ _______ very much.
sweet
tooth
summer
holidays/vacations
playing
chess
10．李莹想在母亲节给妈妈买一份礼物。
Li Ying wants to buy a gift for her mom on ___________ ____.
11．西安有很多名胜古迹，它们吸引了很多游客。
There are many ________ ___ ___________ in Xi'an, and they attract
many tourists.
12．现在的女司机越来越多。
There are more and more _______ __________ now.
13．水果和蔬菜当然是必不可少的。
Fruit ____ ______________ are necessary for sure.
Mother's
Day
places
of
interest
women
drivers
and
vegetables
14．它不仅节省时间，还改善人们的生活。
It not only saves time but also improves ___________ _______.
15．你可以向警察寻求帮助。
You can ask ____ ________ for help.
people's
lives
the
police
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．My family had a ______________(discussion) about the travel plan for next month.
2．My notebook is similar to ________(Mary)．
3．________(Jill) and __________(Jenny) mothers work in the same office.
4．It's five ___________(minute) walk from my home to school.
5．They carry ___________(people) wishes to the families they love and miss.
discussion
Mary's
Jill's
Jenny's
minutes'
people's
6．Some schools may need more PE teachers and space for __________ (activity)．
7．___________(child) are the hope of a country.
8．It is necessary for us to learn about some ____________(knowledge) of first aid.
9．My father went fishing yesterday and he caught a lot of ______ (fish)．
10．There used to be many ______(mouse) in the old house.
activities
Children
knowledge
fish
mice
11．The mountain is so ____________(beauty) that it has caught many ___________(write) attention.
12．On our way home, we met a friend of my ___________(mother)．
beautiful
writers'
mother's
三、完形第一节(核心素养：文化意识)
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．books　 B．art　 C．pictures D．dream　E．sense　F．step
Han Zheming has studied the skill of creating tea art in cups, or diancha, for a long time. Over the past seven years, Han has used tea and spoons to create about 200 1. ___． Instead of simply copying diancha, Han connected it with ancient paintings. “It's like giving people a strong 2. __ of ceremony, so drinking tea becomes much more interesting，” Han said. Han also read lots of 3. __ about tea.
C
E
A
The art begins with pouring hot water into fine powdered(制成粉状的) tea. The next 4. __ is to add more hot water when whisking(搅拌) the tea with a bamboo stick. “People need to whisk the tea 180 to 200 times，” Han said.
Speaking about his understanding of this tea art, Han said his 5. __ was “to increase the sense of beauty”. “I want more young people to deeply understand the tea and the culture behind diancha，” he said.
F
D
A．books　 B．art　 C．pictures D．dream　E．sense　F．step
四、完形第二节
Bob was a shy boy of 14. He always lowered his 1 . One Sunday afternoon, his mother was busy taking care of his sick sister at home, so she had to ask Bob to help her sell home-made 2 in their eating house.
(　 　)1.A.body 　　 B．head 　　　 C．nose
(　 　)2.A.food 　　 B．milk 　　　 C．juice
B
C
At first, Bob just sat at the table in 3 . And nobody came to buy the juice. He felt bored and sleepy. After a while, a sweet 4 came to his ears，“Hi, how much is the orange juice？”He said in a low voice，“Two dollars a 5 .”Then he noticed a lady with a little girl standing in front of the table. When he saw the look of joy on their 6 , he smiled back.
(　 　)3.A.silence 　　 B．danger 　　　 C．trouble
(　 　)4.A.sound 　　 B．noise 　　　 C．voice
(　 　)5.A.bottle 　　 B．cup 　　　 C．glass
(　 　)6.A.hands 　　 B．eyes 　　　 C．faces
A
C
B
C
“It looks nice! Is it made by yourself？” asked the girl. Bob nodded gently. The girl asked again, “Cool! How did you make it？” “Well, um, I...” he began slowly. “My mom taught me to make it. First, peel the fruit. Then, cut it into pieces...”As he was talking with the 7 , some passers-by stopped to listen, too. Bob raised his head and began to speak louder.
(　 　)7.A.girl 　　 B．woman 　　　 C．boy
A
Later, Bob's mother came back. To her 8 , she found only a few cups left.“Good boy, what great 9 you've made！”said his mother with a big smile. At that time, Bob realized as long as he raised his head, he would have more 10 .
Self-confidence is a kind of power. It can bring out the best in all of us.
(　 　)8.A.turn 　　 B．time 　　　 C．surprise
(　 　)9.A.progress 　　 B．work 　　　 C．success
(　 　)10.A.kindness 　　 B．praise 　　　 C．confidence
C
A
C
五、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
From September 18 to 25, our school held military training(军训). It was a sunny day, and we gathered in the 1. ______________(playground) when the instructors(教官) walked out of a room. They showed us some 2. ________ (action) we would learn. We were caught by their demonstration(示范) and we thought it was interesting and 3. ___________(power). However, after the training started, we found that we were wrong. It was so difficult to
playground
actions
powerful
learn. Our strict military training instructor asked us to repeat the 4. ____________(movement) whenever someone made mistakes. The sunlight was very strong, making us feel very hot and sleepy. 5. ______(time) seemed to pass very slowly. However, after several 6. _______(day) training, we performed better and better.
On the last day, we had a competition among 7. __________(class) to show what we had learned. Our 8. __________(parent) were also invited to watch the competition. My father took 9. _______(pride) in my performance, because I did all the movements successfully. I was pleased with myself as well.
movements
Time
days'
classes
parents
pride
Through military training, I have changed greatly and become more hard-working and responsible. I also have the courage to overcome all the 10. ________________(difficulty) I meet. What an unforgettable and meaningful military training experience!
difficulties(共21张PPT)
第一部分　语法精准通关
专题十三　构词法(3年6考)
派生法
通过在词根的前面加前缀或在词根的后面加后缀，从而构成一个与原单词意义相近或相反的词。以下为常见的部分词缀：
前缀(一般只改变词义不改变词性) 例子
1. un- (不/非，表示否定) happy (adj.) 高兴的→unhappy (adj.) 不高兴的
前缀(一般只改变词义不改变词性) 例子
2. im- (不/无，表示否定) possible (adj.) 可能的→impossible (adj.) 不可能的；
polite (adj.) 礼貌的→impolite (adj.) 不礼貌的
3. dis-(不/非，表示否定) honest (adj.) 诚实的→dishonest (adj.)不诚实的；
agree (v.) 同意→disagree (v.) 不同意
前缀(一般只改变词义不改变词性) 例子
4. mis- (表示错误) understand (v.)理解→misunderstand (v.) 误解
5. re- (再，重复) tell (v.) 告诉→retell (v.) 重述；build (v.) 建造→rebuild (v.) 重建
6. tele- (远程的) phone (n.) 电话→telephone (n.) 电话机；
vision (n.) 视野→television (n.) 电视机
7. kilo- (千) meter (n.) 米→kilometer (n.)千米
后缀(改变词性及词义) 例子
1. 动词 ＋ -er/-or →名词 write (v.)写→writer (n.)作者； visit (v.) 参观→visitor (n.)参观者
2. 动词 ＋ -(t)ion/-sion →名词 invent (v.)发明→invention (n.)发明；
decide (v.)决定→decision (n.)决定
3. 动词 ＋ -ing/-(e)d →形容词 interest (v.)使感兴趣→interesting/interested (adj.)有趣的/感兴趣的
后缀(改变词性及词义) 例子
4. 名词 ＋ -ful→形容词 help (n.)帮助→helpful (adj.)有帮助的；
use (n.)使用→useful (adj.)有用的
5. 动词 ＋ -able→形容词 comfort (v.)使舒适→comfortable (adj.)舒适的
6. 名词＋ -en →形容词 wool (n.)羊毛→woolen (adj.)羊毛的
7. 名词 ＋ -y →形容词 wind (n.)风→windy (adj.)多风的
8. 名词 ＋ -less →形容词 care (n.)小心→careless (adj.)粗心的；
help (n.)帮助 →helpless (adj.)无助的
后缀(改变词性及词义) 例子
9. 名词 ＋ -ly →形容词 friend (n.) 朋友→friendly (adj.)友好的；
love (n.) 爱→lovely (adj.)可爱的
10. 名词 ＋ -ish →形容词 fool (n.) 愚人，傻瓜→foolish (adj.)愚蠢的
11. 名词 ＋ -ous →形容词 danger (n.)危险→dangerous (adj.)危险的
12. 名词 ＋ -al →形容词 tradition (n.) 传统→traditional (adj.) 传统的
后缀(改变词性及词义) 例子
12. 名词 ＋ -al →形容词 tradition (n.) 传统→traditional (adj.) 传统的
13. 形容词 ＋ -ly →副词 slow (adj.) 慢慢的→slowly (adv.) 慢地
14. 形容词 ＋ -ness →名词 ill (adj.) 有病的→illness (n.) 疾病
15. 形容词 ＋ -ity →名词 real (adj.) 真的，真实的→reality (n.) 现实
16. 形容词 ＋ -ize/-ise →动词 real (adj.) 真的，真实的→realize (v.)了解， 实现
后缀(改变词性及词义) 例子
17. 动词 ＋ -ive →形容词 act (v.) 行为，行动→active (adj.) 积极的
18. 动词 ＋ -ress →名词 act (v.) 行动，扮演→actress (n.) 女演员
19. 动词 ＋ -ment →名词 develop (v.)发展→development (n.)发展
转化法
词性转化 例子
1. 名词→动词 rain (n.)雨→rain (v.)下雨；shop (n.) 商店→shop (v.)购物
2. 形容词→动词 last (adj.)最后的→last (v.)持续；tidy (adj.)整洁的→tidy (v.)使整洁
3. 形容词→名词 light (adj.)明亮的→light (n.)灯
4. 动词→名词 stop (v.)停止→stop (n.)车站
5. 词形改变的转化 live (v.)生活→life (n.)生活
合成法
把两个或两个以上的单词合成一个新词。
词汇合成 例子
1. 名词 ＋ 名词→名词 book(书)＋ shop(商店)→bookshop书店
2. 形容词 ＋ 名词→名词 black(黑色的)＋ board(木板)→blackboard黑板
3. 介词 ＋ 名词→形容词/名词 under(在下面)＋ ground(地面)→ underground地下的；地铁
词汇合成 例子
4. 名词 ＋ 过去分词→形容词 man(人)＋ made(做)→man－made人造的
5. 副词 ＋ 名词→副词 down(在下面)＋ stairs(楼梯)→downstairs在楼下
6. 从两个词中各取一部分组成新词 smoke(烟)＋ fog(雾)→smog烟雾
1．(2025兰州)His cousin keeps on painting in order to become an _______(art)．
2．Please check your paper ___________(careful) after finishing it.
3．(2025云南)Our school trip was very ____________(wonder). We all had fun.
4．I love soft drinks with a lot of sugar. They taste good but _________ (health)．
5．Thanks for your ____________(invite). But I have to take care of my younger sister.
artist
carefully
wonderful
unhealthy
invitation
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．(2025云南)Teenagers are supposed to spend their money _________ (wise)．
2．Our neighbours are very ___________(friend) to each other.
3．The key to ___________(happy) is to see all the beauty of the world.
wisely
friendly
happiness
4．(2025达州)After having a _________(discuss), we are in agreement.
5．Nowadays, thousands of foreign ____________(visit) come to China on vacation.
discussion
visitors
二、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)(核心素养：文化意识)
Maps have been an important tool for humans for thousands of years. They were first created to meet people's basic needs. In the past, people needed maps to find 1. __________(direct). As society developed, people also used maps for traveling, exploration and trade.
directions
In ancient times, maps were drawn by hand. They were 2. ____________ (usual) very simple. People used symbols and pictures to show 3. __________ (importance) places and routes.
As time passed, maps became more detailed(详细的). Some map 4. _________(make) started to use new methods to create maps. They included more information about the world in maps, such as the locations of cities and rivers. This made maps more 5. ________(use) for planning trips and looking for new places.
usually
important
makers
useful
During the Age of Exploration, map-making skills improved 6. ______ (great). Many explorers went to new places and brought back their 7. _______ (find). This helped map makers create more accurate(精确的) maps of the world.
Today, we have 8. _____________(electricity) maps on computers and smartphones. They can 9. _____________(suggestion) the best routes, provide real-time traffic conditions and recommend nearby attractions, which makes it possible to save time. Therefore, our 10. ________(day) lives become more convenient.
greatly
findings
electronic
suggest
daily
Maps have changed over time, but their purpose remains the same: to help people understand and find their ways around the world.
(二)(核心素养：文化意识)
Have you heard of the Neo-Chinese Style 1. _____________ (recent), the Neo-Chinese Style has become popular among young people. It brings new life to Chinese culture with its 2. ___________(beauty) look and cultural meaning.
Recently
beautiful
The Neo-Chinese Style mixes traditional Chinese culture with modern design to create a(n) 3. ____________(usual) and magical style. For example, mamianqun is now a modern fashion and is worn with different clothes. So, this shows how old and new styles can work together in a 4. _____________ (peace) way. The style mainly focuses on 5. _________ (nature) materials and soft colors. It offers a calm place in people's hearts.
unusual
peaceful
natural
And this style makes people feel connected to their roots(根). We can find that young people are 6. _________(pride) of their culture. In the fashion field, the use of traditional colors is 7. ________________ (mean). The Neo－Chinese Style, known as “Guo Chao” at home, has become one of the trends (趋势) in fashion. That is because people both at home and abroad are more 8. ____________(interest) in trying this Chinese style. It shows our cultural 9. ____________(confident)．
In short, the Neo-Chinese Style is bringing new ideas to our lives. It 10. ___________(especial) meets the needs for beauty in fashion. People can also feel their cultural roots.
proud
meaningful
interested
confidence
especially

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