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(共32张PPT)
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专 题 突 破
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构建语法体系
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思维框图
命题点
1
名词辨析 (完形填空：6年15考)
河北近六年中考，名词辨析在完形填空考 查2—3题，多为单复数形式一致的同类名词 考查：抽象类(6年8考)、称谓类(6年2考)、 情感类(2020 ·49)、地点类(2022 ·48)、时间 类(2023 ·47)、身体部位类(2024 ·47);也会 涉及不同类名词考查(6年2考)。
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普 通 名 词 不 可 数 名 词 物质 名词 表示无法分为个体的词 rice,water,porridge, air,sunshine
抽象 名词 表示状态 、品质 、行为 、感情等抽象概念的词 knowledge,danger,health, friendship,interest,love
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类别 意义 示例
专有名词 表示星期、月 份、人、 地方、事 物、机构、组 织 等的词(组) Monday,June,Lucy,
China,the Great Wall, the Great Hall of the People
普 通 名 词 可 数 名 词 个体 名词 表示个体的人 或事物的词 teacher,uncle,cousin, dictionary,pencil,chair, window,table,book,bike, ball,dog
集体 名词 表示一群人或一类事物的词 family,police,class, group,team
命题点
名词的数(短文填空：6年7考)
2
河北近六年中考，一般在短文填空中考查 名词复数1题，主要是加-s 及加-es,2024 年考 查 2 题school—schools,child—children。
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1.可数名词单数变复数的规律
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2.常见不可数名词的归纳及用法
(1) 常见的不可数名词
物质 名词 食物 bread 面包 meat 肉 cheese 奶酪
液体 milk 牛奶 water 水 tea 茶 oil 油
粉状 soil 土壤 salt 食盐
气体 oxygen 氧气 air 空气
抽象 名词 情感 joy 高兴 friendship 友情 peace 平静
学科 maths 数学 geography 地理 physics 物理
概念 population 人口 knowledge 知识
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(2) 不可数名词量化的表示
不可数名词的多少可以用以下词组来表示：
a bottle of一瓶 a kilo of 一公斤
a box of一盒 a piece of一片/张/块/条
短语“a bottle/piece/... of+不可数名词”作主语时，中心词是a bottle/piece/...,故谓语 动词用单数；若短语是“two bottles/pieces/ ... of+不可数名词”作主语，则中心词是two bottles/pieces/ … , 谓语动词用复数。
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(3) 可数名词与不可数名词易混词归纳
词汇 可数名词意思 不可数名词意思
exercise 练习题；健身操 锻炼
work 著作 工作
glass 玻璃杯； 眼镜（glasses） 玻璃
paper 试卷；报纸；证件
纸
木头
wood 树林
room 房间 空间
life 生命 生活
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fish意味鱼肉时是不可数名词；意为鱼的种类时是可数名词，复数是fishes；意为鱼的条数时，也为可数名词，单复同形，均为fish。
拓展提升
3. 常见的名词修饰语
只修饰 可数名词 few, a few, several, many, a number of
只修饰 不可数名词 little, a little, much, a great deal of
两者均可 some, a lot of, lots of, plenty of,
enough , all , the rest of
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1. (2017 河北76 ) We have different ( class ) every day.
2. Doing outdoor ( activity ) can help students improve their abilities and
skills.
3. We’re going to make vegetable salad. How many (tomato) do we need
4. There is something wrong with my (foot). They hurt so much.
tomatoes
activities
classes
feet
考点诊断
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命题点
名词所有格(近六年未考查)
3
名词所有格是表示名词的所有或从属关系的形式，
主要有以下三种形式：
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拓展提升
(1) 表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加上“’s”代表全称。
at the doctor’s=at the doctor’s clinic
at Wu Hua’s=at Wu Hua’s home
(2) 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词时，也可以在词尾加“’s”或“’”来构成所有格。
today’s news
ten minutes’walk
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词性(型)转换(短文填空：6年 4 考 )
4
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考点诊断
(启光原创)用括号内所给单词的正确形式 填空。
Last week, our school had a Sports Day. The weather was perfect: The sky was clear and 1. _______ (sun) with no clouds. Everyone felt energetic and excited!
In the morning, we had a 2._________ (friend) basketball match. The players were very 3._________ (care) to avoid mistakes. The crowd cheered loudly, making the gym 4. _______ (noise).
After lunch, there was a 5.__________ (tradition) relay race (接力赛). One 6._______(run) was unlucky and fell, but the team still showed 7. ________ (hope) spirit. The fastest team won a 8. _________(color) medal.
sunny
friendly
careful
noisy
traditional
runner
hopeful
colorful
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In the final event, the teachers had a 9. __________ (humor) competition.
Mr. Smith, our music 10. _________ (teach), danced in a 11. _________ (child) way. Everyone laughed and clapped!
In the end, the headteacher thanked the 12. ___________ (organise) and competitors. She said it was a 13. __________ (meaning) day and she stressed the
14. ___________ (important) of good teamwork.
humorous
childish
organisers
meaningful
importance
teacher
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1.(2025·46)Some of the things are ___________ (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope.
2. (2025 · 河北47)Over the past twelve _________ (month), there have been many difficult things in our family.
3. (2025 · 河北样卷41)My sister Lucy and I always help with different _______ (job) at home.
4. ( 2025 · 河北样卷48)She thinks it is a _________ (please) to make a little change.
interesting
months
jobs
pleasure
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6. (2024 · 河北76) Several minutes later, many ___________ (child) walked out in a line.
7 . (2023 · 河北76)Wow!I like those bright __________ (color).
8.(2022·72)She is a warm and ___________(friend) person.
9. (2022 · 河北76)She plants different kinds_________(kind) of beautiful flowers in her garden.
10.(2021 · 河北 77) We usually play ________(match) on Saturday mornings.
11.(2020 · 河 北 75) Mixing is the most important of all the _______ (step).
children
colors
friendly
kinds
matches
steps
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(启光原创)完形填空
Yesterday was a busy day. I went to 1 early because we had an important math test. My 2 ,Mr.Smith, helped us review before the exam.
After class, I was hungry, so I shared an __3__ with my best ___4___, Lisa. She loves apples just like me!
At home, I relaxed by reading a funny 5 about wild animals.The book had colorful pictures of lions and elephants.
Nearby, my pet 6 , Max, slept in his house. He wagged ( 摇 晃 ) his tail, showing he was happy with the daily life of a dog.
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1. A.school B.park C.zoo D.store
2.A.doctor B.teacher C.driver D.farmer
3.A.orange B.egg C.apple D.ice cream
4.A.daughter B.brother C.neighbor D.friend
5. A.book B.magazine C.newspaper D.diary
6.A.cat B.dog C.bird D.fish
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(2024 · 遂宁改编)短文填空
Li Jin was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya. Li has made great
1. _________ (effort) to protect the waters of Sanya. He is now spreading
the knowledge of 2. _____________ (environment) protection.
Around 2014, he began doing volunteer work. In April, 2021, he used
his own money to set up a volunteer service center. There are 1,170
3. __________ (member) in the center.
members
environmental
efforts
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(2024 · 遂宁改编)短文填空
So far, he has spent about 3,800 4.________ (hour) on volunteer activities in over 550 events. More than 2,300 people have joined in the activities with his 5.________________ (encourage). They have drawn the attention of both adults and children to the 6.___________ (important) of protecting oceans and beaches.
In 2021, because of 7. _____ (Li) growing influence, the city government invited him to make a number of short 8. ______ (video). In the videos, he used simple 9. ____ (word) to explain how to protectthe environment.Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.
encouragement
hours
importance
Li’s
videos
words(共18张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
并列连词(完形填空：2024 · 45 but ;短文填空 2025·49 and, 2021·76 but)
连词 含义及用法 举例
and 意为“和，并且”，表并列或顺承关系 John, work hard, and you will make much progress.
but 意为“但是”，表转折关系；不能与 though, although 连用 He is short, but he plays basketball very well.
or 意为“或者/否则”，表选择或条件关系 Hurry up, or you'll miss the train.
Tom can't play basketball or football.
so 意为“所以，因此”，表因果关系，不能与 as, because, since 连用 The coat was very expensive, so I didn't buy it.
1. 简单并列连词
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2. 复合并列连词
复合并列连词 含义 举例
neither... nor... 既不…… 也不…… Neither he nor his children like fish.
either... or … 或者…… 或者…… Either you or he is wrong.
not only… but also… 不但…… 而且…… Not only you but also he wants to buy the book.
both... and… 两者都…… Both she and I are good at English.
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拓展提升
neither...nor.…,either..or…,
not only…but also…连接两个并列成分作主语 时，谓语动词的单复数要和最近的主语保持 一致，即就近原则；both…and … 连接两个并 列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
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考点诊断
I. 用 and, or, but 或 so 填空。
1. My friends I often go to the Science Club together.
2.Victoria, hury up! we can't arrive there on time
3. Diana isn't here, leave a message on her desk.
4. The beginning of the movie was boring, the end was amazing!
but
and
or
so
Ⅱ. 用 either...or, both...and, neither...nor 或 not only...but also 填空。
1. Mike his sister is interested in music.They want to set up a band.
2. You can go over your lessons in the classroom in the reading
room. It's up to you.
3. my parents I are going to take part in the class meeting.
4. I would go shopping watch a movie tonight. I just want to
stay at home and listen to some music.
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Not only
but also
either
or
Both
and
neither
nor
1. when, while, before, until, after, since, as soon as引导时间状语从句
从属连词(完形填空：2021 ·48 before, 2020·4 if; 短文填空：2023·73 so. (that))
命题点
2
连词 含义及用法 举例
when 意为“当……时候”。从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词 It was raining when she arrived at the station.
while 意为“当……时”。引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 Don't make any noise while others are reading.
before 意为“在……之前”。 表示过去某一时间或 动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态 Please turn off the light before you leave the room.
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连词 含义及用法 举例
until 意为“直到”。常用在“not … until...”结构中，表示“直到……才……” He didn't appear until the meeting began.
after 意为“在……之后”。 从句表示的动作发生在主句动作之前 I’ll go to play football after I finish my homework.
since 意为“自……以来”。主句用现在完成时， 从句用一般过去时 He has lived here since he was ten.
as soon as 意为“一旦……就”。 用于连接时间状语从句 I'll send you a message as soon as I arrive in your city.
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2. if, unless , as long as 引导条件状语从句
连词 含义及用法 举例
if 意为“如果”。if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（表将来） If he has time tomorrow, he will attend the meeting.
unless 意为“除非；如果 不”。unless可以转化为if…not…结构，主从句时态与 if从句用法一致 He won’t finish the work unless he works hard.
as long as 意为“只要”,主从句时 态与if从句用法一致 Tom,I won't be mad at you as long as you tell the truth.
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3. though/although引导让步状语从句
连词 含义及用法 举例
though 意为“虽然；尽 管”。引导让步状语从句时，不能与but同时使用 I took my medicine, though I didn't like it. 虽然
although Although it rained heavily, he still went out. 尽
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4. because, since, as 引导原因状语从句
连词 含义及用法 举例
because 意为“因为”。表示直接的原因或理由，而不是推断的原因，着重点在从句，常用于回答 why引导的问句，不能与so连用 I bought the house because it was cheap.
since 意为“既然；因为”。表示人们已知的事实、不需要强调的原因，通常放在句首。 since引导的从句是次要的，重点强调的是主句的内容 Since he can,t answer the question, we’d better ask someone else.
as 意为“由于；因为”。与since用法差不多，所引出的理由在说话人看来已经很明显， 或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because加以强调。as引导的从句与主句具有同等的重要性 Mom began to worry about my brother as it was getting darker.
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5. so... that..., such... that...引导结果状语从句
连词 含义及用法 举例
so... that... 意为“如此……以至于……”。so 为副词，后接形容词或副词 The box is so heavy that we can't carry it.
such... that... 意为“如此……以至于……”。such 为形容词，后接名词（名词前面可以有形容词修饰） It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.
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6. so that/in order that引导目的状语从句
连词 含义及用法 举例
so that/in order that 主句+so that/in order that +从句(主语+ can/may/could/might/ will/would +动词原 形),so that更口语化， in order that更正式；从 句中常用情态动词(如 can,may,could) She studies hard so that she can pass the exam.
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1.Mom won't let Dick go out ________ he promises to be back by 10:00 tonight.
2.Eric arrived on time, ________________ it was the rush hour.
3.Studying in groups is necessary ________ you want to do well in school.
4.They will lose the game ________ they try their best.
unless
though/although
if
unless
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考点诊断
1. (2025 · 河北42)Jim ______ I went camping with our parents.
2. (2025 · 河北样卷42) We have a lovely dog named Ruby, ______ my favourite job is taking him for a walk.
3.(2023 · 河北73) But Mr.Zhao was so kind _____ I soon forgot about that.
4.(2021 · 河北76) He is busy every day, ______ he tries to spend more time with us.
that
but
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and
and
(启光原创)完形填空
My classmates and I planned to go to the old people's home last weekend.We would clean the rooms 1 sing songs for them. 2 we arrived, we were divided into two groups. Some cleaned, 3 others prepared the performance.
4 we faced some problems, like singing out of tune (音调), we still tried our best. 5 we left, all the old people were smiling, and we felt really warm inside.
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1.A.so B.or C.and D.but
2.A.Before B.When C.Until D.Since
3. A.while B.until C.if D.unless
4.A.Since B.Although C.As D.Because
5.A.After B.Until C.Before D.While
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(启光原创)用适当的连词填空
Last weekend, I went to the park with my family1. __________ we wanted to relax.2.__________ we arrived, we found a nice place to have a picnic. Dad prepared sandwiches 3. ______ Mom brought out some fruits. I wanted to fly a kite 4.______ my little brother wanted to play on the swings.5. ______________ we all wanted to stay there longer, we had to go home when it got dark. It was such a wonderful day
6. _____ we will always remember it.
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because
When/After
and
that
Although/Though
but(共17张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
并列复合句(完形填空：6年1考； 短文填空：6年1考)
用并列连词and，but，or等连接两个或两个以上的简单句叫并列复合句。
1.构成：简单句+并列连词+简单句
I help him and he helps me.
简单句① 并列连词 简单句②
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2.常见连词及例句
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连词 例句
表并列/顺承关系 and,not only ...but also ., neither.….nor..,both...and I like reading and she enjoys reading,too.
表转折/对比关系 but,yet,while He tried hard, yet he failed again.
表选择关系 or,either...or... Either you leave, or you choose to stay to help.
表因果关系for,so He must be tired,for he fell asleep at once.
3.时态
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(1)一般情况下，前后分句的时态往往保持一 致关系 。
(2)连词 and 连接的并列句，前半部分是祈使句 ，后半部分是一般将来时的陈述句 。
Think it over, and you'll find the answer.
= If you think it over, you'll find the answer.
=Think it over, or you won't find the answer.
注意：连接副词如 however,otherwise(否则), therefore (因此) ,besides (此外)等 ，不能直接连接分句，需搭配逗号。
and 和 or 在否定句中的用法
1. 在否定句中表“和”的并列，多数用“or”。
I don't like apples or bananas.
2.在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有否 定词，那么用and, 而不用or。
There is no water and no air on the moon.
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拓展提升
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考点诊断
1. Dad is quite busy every day, he always have time to talk with us.
2. Jerry is badly ill he stays at home today.
3. Get up now, you will be late for class.
so/and
but
or
命题点
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宾语从句(短文填空： 2022·74 what)
引导词 用法 例句
that that 引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，可以省略 I believe （that） April is the hottest month in Thailand.
whether / if 当表示对宾语从句所表达的内容不确定时 I don't know whether he will come home for the festival or not.
连接代词(what/which/who/whose/ whom等) 在从句中作一定的成分，如：主语、宾语、定语等 I want to know what they are going to do.
连接副词(when/where/why/how) 在从句中作状语 I wonder how I should deal with my problem.
1.引导词
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(when/where/
why/how)
复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个 句子叫作宾语从句。
2. 语序
从句中必须用陈述句语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他部分”。
I don't know where he lives.
引导词 主语 谓语
3.时态(遵循三大原则)
原则 用法 例句
需要性原则 主句是现在时(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时), 从句 时态随句意 I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.
I hear Joe will leave for Beijing next week.
呼应性原则 主句是过去时(包括一 般过去时、过去进行时), 从句相应地用过去的某种时态 Jane said she was shopping at this time yesterday.
特殊性原则 从句表示客观事实、真理或自然现象，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时 Our teacher said that light travels faster than sound.
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考点诊断
1. I'm planning a trip to the beach tomorrow, but still can't decide I'm going, maybe by car.
2. —Could you tell me they are talking about
—Oh,festivals.
3.We were surprised to find that he (have) some matches in his hand.
4. Grandma told me that the earth (be) round the sun.
5. I'm sure you (pass) the exam. So just take it easy and get ready.
how
what
had
goes
will pass
状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句等。
从句 连词
时间状语从句 when, before, after, as, while, not...until, since,as soon as, whenever等
原因状语从句 because, since,as等
条件状语从句 if, unless等
比较状语从句 as(so)... as,than等
结果状语从句 so...that, such…that…等
目的状语从句 so that, in order that
让步状语从句 although, even though/ if,no matter+疑问词等
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在句子中作状语的从句叫作状语从句。 状语从句都是由从属连词引导的。它与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号分开；位于句末 时，其前一般不用逗号。
1.分类及连词
命题点
3
状语从句(完形填空：6年2考；短文填空：6年1考)
2.主句和从句的时态
(2)主将从现(时间、条件状语从句中):
主句：一般将来时→从句：一般现在时表将来
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will visit the Great Wall.
Please call me when you arrive.
(1)主现从现：
主句：祈使句或主句中有情态动词 →从句：一般现在时表将来
You can get good grades if you study hard.
(3)过去时态:
主句：一般过去时/过去进行时 → 从句：一般过去时/过去进行时
Someone knocked at the door when we were having supper.
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1. _______ I do wrong things, he always tells me what's right in a positive way.
2._______________my grandpa is over 80 years old, he still looks strong and healthy.
3.We are all proud of little Mary_______ she won the first prize in the dance competition.
4.We are supposed to share some housework with our parents________ we have free time.
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考点诊断
when/if
Although/Though
When
because
命题点
4
定语从句(关系代词that, which, who引导的限定性定语从句)
定语从句就像“形容词”一样，用来修饰名 词或代词，告诉我们“什么样的人/物”。
河北近6年中考未直接考查定语从句。 但作为初中阶段的语法，学生仍需要理解定语 从句的基本用法，能对关系词作出正确判断， 能理解句意。
1.that先行词：人、物
在句中所作成分：主语、宾语
I love movies that are funny.(作主语)
Everything(that) you learn becomes part of you and changes you.(作宾语)
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(2)which先行词：事物
在句中所作成分：主语、宾语
The book which is on the table is mine.(作主语)
I'll never forget the days( which) we spent together.(作宾语)
(3)who先行词：人
在句中所作成分：主语或宾语
I'd like to congratulate all the students who are here today.(作主语)
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1. (2025 · 样卷42)We have a lovely dog named Ruby, ______ my favourite job is taking him for a walk.
2. (2024 · 河北39改编)To know _____ the mountain top looks like, you need to reach it.
3. (2022· 河 北74)And she often asks people _____ she can do for them.
4. (2020· 河北40改编)My cousin __________ (drive) me to school today, but I don't know when we'll arrive.
5.(2020· 河北70改编) While students _____________ (write), they can discuss with friends in another window.
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and
what
what
will drive
are writing
Yesterday afternoon, the weather was sunny, 1.____ I went to the park. I brought a book 2. _____ found a bench(长凳) under a tree. 3. _________ I was reading, a little dog ran up to me. It looked hungry, 4. ____ I shared my sandwich with it. I tried to find its owner, 5. ____ no one around seemed to be looking for it. I decided to take it to the animal shelter ( 庇 护 所 ) . 6 . ____ we arrived, it was nearly dark.Two days later, the dog's owner was found. He thanked me 7. _________ I helped his dog.I felt very happy!
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so
(启光原创)用合适的连词填空(每空1词)。
and
While/When
so
but
because
When(共23张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词 (短文填空：6年6考)
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
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1. 人称代词
(1) 人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。
I love my country.
(2) 人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。
I don’t know her.
(3) 人称代词的语序
两个或两个以上的人称代词同时作主语或宾语时，排列顺序通常是：单数为你、他/她、我(二、 三、一人称顺序)；但表示承担责任时，则把第一人称放在第一位。
My parents and I live in a small village.
These books belong to Jim and me.
We, you and they all need to do something to protect the environment.
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2. 物主代词
(1) 形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词，不能单独使用。
My name is Jack.
(2) 名词性物主代词常用来避免和前面已经提及的名词重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
My idea is quite different from hers (=her idea).
(3) 名词性物主代词可用在of后面，相当于“of +名词所有格”
He is a friend of mine.
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3. 反身代词
(1)反身代词在句子中用作宾语，和句子中的主语 相呼应，表示主语动作的对象或表现的特征是自己本身。
The girl is too young to look after herself. (作介词的宾语)
He taught himself English. 他自学英语。(作动词的宾语)
(2)反身代词作表语或同位语时，意为“亲自； 本人”,起强调作用。
The poor boy was myself.
I myself can do this work well.
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(3)反身代词的固定搭配
help yourself to... 自己取……
enjoy oneself 过得愉快；玩得开心
by oneself 独自
look after oneself 照顾自己
dress oneself 自己穿衣
teach oneself = learn sth. by oneself 自学
keep sth. to oneself 保密
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考点诊断
Dear Bruce,
I’m Joan, a 12-year-old girl from Canada. Let 1. tell you something about my family. This is my sister. 2. name is Mary. I’m a little taller than 3. , though she is two years older than 4. . This is my bedroom and it is also 5. . We live and study here. Both of 6. can cook so we can look after 7 very well. Our parents are teachers of a school in a small village. They often try 8. best to help the students. I am so proud of 9. . They make a big difference to others’lives. Could you please tell me something about
10. family Write back soon.
Yours,
Joan
(启光原创）用适当的代词填空。
her
hers
me
Her
me
ouselves
us
their
them
your
1. many 与 much
不定代词(近六年未考查)
命题点
2
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1. (a)few 与(a)little
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3. both, either 与 neither
相同点 均用于两者
不同点 both 指“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。常用搭配：both…and… ……和……都
either 指“两者中的任意一个”，常用搭配： either…or… 或者……或者……，要么……要么……，连接主语时，谓语动词与最近的一个主语（即or所连接的主语）在人称和数上保持一致
neither 指“两者都不”，常用搭配：neither... nor... 既不……也不……，连接主语时，谓语动词与最近的一个主语（即nor 所连接的主语）在人称和数上保持一致
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4. all 与 none
相同点 均用于三者或三者以上
不同点 all 指“三者或三者以上都”，作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与all所指代的人或事物保持一致
none 指“三者或三者以上都不”，作主语后接复数名词时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可；后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数
5. some 与 any
相同点 均可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，表示 “一些”
不同点 some 一般用于肯定句中，也可用于表达建议或请求的疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答
any 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，用于肯定句时表示“任何 （一个/ 一些）”
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6. each 与 every
代词 each every
用法 用作代词(或形容词), 可单独使用 仅用作定语，不可单独使用
强调个体 强调整体
指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的 “每一个” 指三者或三者以上 的人或事物中的 “每一个”
后可加of短语 后不可加of短语
each和“every+名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式
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单词/ 短语 含义 用法
other 另外的 后跟单数可数名词，此时other前通常 有any, no等词；后跟复数名词，表示 除去部分以外的另外的部分，但不是 剩下的全部
the other 两者中的另一个 后跟单数可数名词，常与one连用，构成 "one...,the other..."结构
两部分中的另外一部分 后跟复数名词，表示“其余的全部”
others 其他的人或物 其后不能加名词，=other+复数名词， 表示除去一部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全部，常构成搭配some..., others...“一些……,另一些……”
the others 其余的人或物 其后不能加名词，= the other +名词， 表示“其余的全部”
another 再一个，又一个 泛指不确定的“另外一个”
又….的，再….的 another two/three...+复数名词(程度/ 数量上又增加)
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7. other, the other, others, the others 与another
8. 初中阶段常见的复合不定代词
词根 -one（指人） -body（指人） -thing （指物）
some（肯定） someone 某人 somebody 某人 something 某事；某物
any（否定/肯定） anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 anything 任何事
every（肯定） everyone 每个人 everybody 每个人 everything 每件事；一切
no（否定） no one 没有人 nobody 没有人 nothing 什么都没有
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复合不定代词的用法：
(1)复合不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Everyone knowshe is an honest person.
(2)形容词或动词不定式修饰复合不定代词作定语要后置。
I’d like to give her something special.
Would you like something to drink
(启光原创)用方框中的代词填空。
both,something,anything,anyone,everyone,nobody
Lucy was planning her birthday party.She wanted to do 1. _________ exciting and different. She looked everywhere in her room for decorations but couldn't find
2. ________ special.“Has 3. _______ seen my box of party lights "she asked her brother and sister.They 4. ______ shook their heads,“5. ________ has seen it,sorry." Lucy felt a bit disappointed."Don't worry,"said her mom.“We can buy some new decorations.There's a party store near the shopping mall.I'm sure we'll find something you like there."Lucy smiled.“Thanks, Mom!I want 6.________to have a good time at the party!”
something
anyone
Nobody
both
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考点诊断
anything
Everyone
命题点
指示代词与疑问代词 (what(2022·74))
3
1. 常见指示代词的基本用法
代词 用法 例句
it 特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物 The book is mine. It's very interesting.
当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看(听)不出来时，常用it代替和当时某一事件、某一动作相关的那个人 —Listen! Someone is calling you.
—It must be my mum.
one 泛指同类事物中的一个，同类而不同物 —Who has a novel named The Kite Runner —I have one.
ones 泛指同类事物中的一些，同类而不同物 The apples are too small. Let's buy some big ones.
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this; these (1)常用来指代离自己较近的人或物，单数用this，复数用these (2)指代下文要提到的人或物 This is my friend.
Please remember this: No pains, no gains.
that; those (1)指代离自己较远的人或物，单数用 that，复数用 those (2)常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复 Please bring me those notebooks.
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.
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2. it的其他常见用法
(1)指代上文已经提到的事。
The doctor advised Elsa strongly that she should take a good rest, but it didn't help.
(2)指自然现象、时间、距离、温度等。
It’s cloudy today.
It’s not far from here to the airport.
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(3)作形式主语，代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正主语。常用于以下句型中：
·It’s+adj.+(for/of sb.+) to do sth.
· It’s+adj.+that从句
· It’s time to do/for/that...
· It’s one’s turn to do sth.
· It takes/took sb.+一段时间+to do sth.
(4)作形式宾语，代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正宾语，常用在动词find, think, make, consider, feel 等后。
I found it important to learn English well.
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3.疑问代词的用法
代词 用法 例句
who 作主语、表语、 宾语 Who wants to go with me
Who are you talking to
whom who的宾格形式，作宾语 Whom are you talking to /To whom are you talking
whose who的所有格形式，作主语、 表语、宾语、定语 Whose book is this
what/who what询问职业 —What's your father
—He is a worker.
who询问身份、姓名 —Who is the boy under the tree
—He is Li Ming.
what/which what指不定数目中的“哪一个， 哪些；什么”，没有范围的限定 What would you like
which“哪一个，哪些”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物 Which season do you like best, spring, summer, fall or winter
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1 . (2025 · 河北53) The little messages remind ____ (we)that we can always expect good things to come, even during difficult times.
2 . (2024 · 河北79)Jumping with joy, Lin Fang rushed to meet_____ (he).
3 . (2023 · 河北74)In ______ (he) first class, he asked us to draw a picture of ourselves.
4 . (2022 · 河北71)Mrs.Zhang is my neighbor. Her house is next to _______ (my).
5. (2021 · 河北74)She loves _______(she) job.
6 . (2020 · 河北77)Together the three of _____ (we)wrapped ( 包 ) the dumplings.
us
mine
his
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him
her
us
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(启光原创)短文填空
Last weekend, our class went on a field trip. Our teacher asked 1. _____ (we)to bring 2. ______ (we) lunch boxes. I forgot 3. ______(I) at home, but luckily my friend Lisa shared 4._______ (she) with me.
During the trip,we saw a girl sitting by 5._________ (she) under a tree. “6. _____ is she ” I asked.Tom said," That's Emma.She likes to spend time by 7. ________(she).”
Then our guide showed us many exhibits ( 展 品 ) . All the students took photos of 8. _______ (they) favorite exhibits before leaving.
our
us
mine
hers
herself
Who
herself
their(共33张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
陈述句(2025样卷 · 76), (2025·76)
陈述句包括肯定结构和否定结构，在肯定结构中，谓语动词不含否定词，否定结构在be动词、助动词或情态动词后加not,常用缩略形式。陈述句句末用句号。
1.肯定式
主语+谓语(+其他)
The sun rises in the east.
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2.否定式
(1)be动词、助动词和情态动词变否定形式，须在其后直接加not。如：
· She is not a doctor.
. She hasn't finished the task.
· You shouldn't tell him the truth.
(2)当句中只有实义动词作谓语时，需要借助助动词构成否定句。如：
Sandra doesn't know the way to the museum.
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将下列句子变为否定句。
1.They are in the classroom.
2.Tom can play football.
3. I will come back soon.
4.He likes monkeys .
5.I watched TV last night.
They are not/aren’t in the classroom.
Tom can’t play football.
I will not/won’t come back soon.
He doesn’t like monkeys
I didn’t watch TV last night
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考点诊断
1. 一般疑问句
需要用yes或no回答的疑问句叫作一般疑问句。
(1) be动词+主语+表语
Is she a teacher
(2)助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他
Do you like reading in your spare time
May I sit here
命题点
2
疑问句(2025样卷 · 78,79,80), (2025·77,78)
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肯定回答：“Yes, 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词” 或“Certainly/Of course”;
否定回答：“No, 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词 + not”。
①—Are you a student
—Yes,I am./ No, I am not.
②—Can Lily speak Chinese
—Yes, she can. /No, she can’t.
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2. 特殊疑问句
用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句，回答时不能用yes或no，读降调。疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词和疑问词组。
(1) 疑问代词
可以对主语、表语、宾语提问，有what, who, which, whose, whom。
Who is your teacher
(2) 疑问副词
用于对状语进行提问，有when, where, why 和 how。
When did you come here
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(3) 疑问词组
由how构成的疑问词组有how many, how much, how old, how tall, how long, how often, how soon, how far, how wide 等。
How long have you lived here
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3. 选择疑问句
提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选 择一种情况回答的问句是选择疑问句。选择 疑问句中的两种或两种以上的情况用or 连接， 语调一般是前升后降。
(1)一般疑问句+or+被选择部分
Is he a player or a doctor
(2)特殊疑问句，+A+or+B
Which club do you like,the chess club or the painting club
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考点诊断
按要求完成句子。
1. Will they come to visit us tomorrow (作否定回答)
_________________________________________________________________
2. The Smith family moved to this city last year. (对画线部分提问)
_________________________________________________________________
3. Diana goes to the chess club twice a week. ( 对 画线部分提问)
_________________________________________________________________
4. Do you go to school by bus Do you go to school on foot (合并成一句)
_________________________________________________________________
No, they won't.
When did the Smith family move to this city
How often does Diana go to the chess club
Do you go to school by bus or on foot
命题点
3
祈使句
1. 祈使句的肯定形式
(1) 以动词原形开头。
Put away your things.
Be quiet.
(2) 以let开头，后面接“宾语+动词原形+其他”。
Let’s have a rest.
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2. 祈使句的否定形式
(1) 直接在动词原形前面加Don’t。
Don’t open the window. Don't be nervous.
(2) 以let 开头的祈使句，若后面跟第一、第三 人称代词的宾格或名词，它的否定形式常在 let前加 Don't。
Don’t let him play.
(3) 以No开头的祈使句通常用于公共场所的提示语，表示“禁止；规劝”。
No smoking!
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3. 祈使句的应答
在英语中，祈使句通常用于发出命令、请 求、建议或指示。针对祈使句的应答方式可以 分为“肯定回答”和“否定回答”,具体形式取决 于语境和语气。
(1)肯定回答：表示同意或接受对方的指令或建议。
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(2)否定回答：表示拒绝或无法遵从指令。
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(3)特殊场景
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(The new term is coming.Here's what happens in a school.)
(At the school gate)
Julia:Excuse me, my name is Julia. I'm a new student in Grade 7. Would you please tell me the way to the classroom building
Lucy:1. ____________________ I'm Lucy from Grade 8. Just follow me. First, please sign your name here.
Julia:2. __________ Where should I write
Lucy:Right here in this box.Let me hold your bag for you.
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考点诊断
(启光原创)根据情景补全对话。
No problem./Certainly./...
Sure./OK.
Julia:3. ____________________
(In the hallway)
Lucy:Don't run in the hallway.
Julia:4. __________________ I'll walk slowly.
(In the classroom)
Miss Li:Everyone, open your book to page 20— we're starting a new unit today.(points to the book)
Julia:5. _______________
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Sorry!/Sorry, I won’t.
Okay, ready!
Thank you!/Thanks!/...
1. 由what引导的感叹句的构成
(1) What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！
What a beautiful flower it is!
(2) What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！
What lovely girls they are!
(3) What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！
What good news it is!
命题点
4
感叹句
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2. 由how引导的感叹句的构成
(1) How+形容词+主语+谓语！
How clever the girl is!
(2) How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！
How heavy a box they are carrying!
(3) How+副词+主语+谓语！
How hard they work!
(4) How+主语+谓语！
How time flies!
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1. wonderful time we had!
2. great picture! Who painted it
3. Look at the photo of the Smiths. happy they are!
4. important it is to follow the rules!
5. bad weather!Let's stay inside.
6. honest boy Eric is!We all trust him.
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考点诊断
用What,What a/an或者 How 填空。
What a
What a
How
What
How
What an
1.主谓
The bus is coming.
主语 谓语
2.主系表
①Amy is helpful.
主语 系动词 表语
②Mary became a doctor.
主语 系动词 表语
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5
简单句的基本句型
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3.主谓宾
John opened the door.
主语 谓语 宾语
4.主谓宾宾
Grandpa bought me a new dictionary.
主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
5.主谓宾补
Most students have found online learning necessary.
主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
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6.存现句(There be句型)
(1)存现句的结构
There be +主语+其他成分
There is a tree behind the shop.
There be 主语 状语
(2)存现句的句式
①肯定句式
There is a cat in the room.
There be 主语 状语
②否定句式
There is not a bank nearby.
There be not 主语 状语
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③一般疑问句式及其答语
Are there any books in the box
Be there 主语 状语
肯定回答：Yes,there are. 否定回答：No,there aren't.
(3)存现句的时态
一般现在时：There is/are+主语(+其他)
一般过去时：There was/were+主语(+其他)
一般将来时：There is/are going to be/will be +主语(+其他)
(4)存现句中的主谓一致
存现句中be动词的形式要与离它最近的 主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
There is a girl and some boys in the classroom.
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考点诊断
翻译句子。
1.女孩们正在高兴地跳舞。
___________________________________________________
2.你今天看上去很累。
___________________________________________________
3.我们要去买一些蔬菜。
___________________________________________________
4.他寄给了我一张明信片。
___________________________________________________
5.我发现他很幽默。
___________________________________________________
6.桌子上有一支笔和几本书。
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
The girls are dancing happily.
You look tired today.
We are going to buy some vegetables.
He sent me a postcard.
I found him humorous.
There is a pen and several books on the desk./There are
several books and a pen on the desk.
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1.A:Laura, would you like to go to the concert with me next Sunday
B: ________________, but I have to visit my grandparents.
2.A:Our team worked together and we won the soccer game!
B:_________________________________
3.A: _________________________________________________________________
B:Of course. Here you are. But please don’t lose my dictionary.
Yes, I’d love to.
Good job!/ Well done!/Congratulations./...
May/Can I use/borrow your dictionary /Would you please lend me your dictionary
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4.A:Can you send me the library’s position
B: _________________________________ I'll send its position to you.
5.A: _________________________________
B:How about 10 a.m.at our school gate
6.A:This is Li Hua. _________________________________
B:It's me, Zhang Lei.
7.A:Hi,Tom,are you free this weekend
B:A bit busy! _________________________________
A:I'm going to work as a volunteer in the community activities.
Sure./Certainly./Od course.
When and where shall we meet
What’s up / What are you going to do
Who’s that (speaking)
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(2025 · 河北)
(Lin arrives at Bob's home and knocks at the door.)
Bob:Who is it
Lin:76._____________________
Bob:(Opening the door) Hi, Lin! Come in, please.
Lin:Are you feeling better today, Bob
Bob:77._____________________________________I'll go to school this afternoon.
It’s me, Lin!/It’s Lin./...
Yes, much better./I’m feeling well./I’m OK./...
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Lin:OK!I’m here to tell you some good news.
Bob·78. ___________________________
Lin:Some famous actors will perform Beijing Opera in our school next Monday.
Bob:79.________________________________________________________
Lin:And they'll teach us to perform.
Bob:I can't wait to attend it!Thank you for the news.
Lin:80. _____________________________________ Goodbye.
Bob:Bye!
What is it /What's the news / …
Really /Wonderful!/Sounds good!/That’s great!/I’m glad to hear that./...
That's all right./You're welcome./Not at all./ …
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(2025 · 河北样卷)
(Two students, Alice and David, are talking about their hobbies.)
Alice:So, what's your hobby, David
David:76.____________________________________________________________
Actually I want to become a tennis plaver one day.What about you
Alice:I love reading.
David:77._________________________________________ Do you have a favorite book
Alice:Yes,Journey to the West.
I like/love playing tennis./Playing tennis./My hobby is playing tennis./ …
Sounds great/good!/Great!/Good!/Nice!/Really /...
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David:78. ________________________________________________
Alice:Because the Monkey King gives me a lot of courage.
David:You are right.The Monkey King is really a hero.
Alice:Most children like him. Oh, 79._______________________________
David:I usually play tennis at weekends.
Alice:I also want to learn to play tennis.80.______________________________________
David:Sure, I'd love to.
Alice:Thank you very much.
when do you (usually) play tennis …
Would you please help me /Can you teach me /...
Why do you like it (best) /Why is it your favorite book /...(共39张PPT)
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课标语法导航
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思维框图
命题点
1
形容词的用法和辨析(完形填空：6年11考)
1. 形容词的定义及基本用法
形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。
(1) 形容词作定语，通常放在名词前。
This is an easy question.
(2) 形容词作表语，通常用在be, keep, get, become, turn, stay, seem, look, taste, sound, feel, smell, appear 等连系动词后。
The girl is honest.
You look worried.
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(3) 形容词作宾语补足语，常用于动词make, keep后。
Your words make me warm.
It’s so hot. Keep the door open.
(4) 形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等，应放在不定代词的后面作后置定语。
I have something important to tell you.
(5) 有些形容词前加定冠词the变成名词，表示一类 人，常用作复数。
The book is written for the blind.
The old are taken good care of here.
(6)数词+度量词+形容词，表示长、宽、高、深。
The river is about two hundred meters long.
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2. 常见形容词分类总结
类别 例词
描述人物 kind善良的；shy害羞的；friendly友好的；crazy疯狂的；healthy健康的；handsome英俊 的；ugly丑陋的；lazy懒惰的；stupid笨的，愚 蠢的；polite礼貌的；outgoing外向的；honest 诚实的；active积极的；clever聪明的；patient 有耐心的；humorous幽默的；nice好心的；creative有创造力的；hard-working勤劳的； calm冷静的
描述事物 delicious 美味的；awful 可怕的；full 完整的；interesting 有趣的； difficult 困难的；boring 无聊的；meaningless 没有意义的；exciting 令人兴奋的
既可描述人物又可描述事物 sweet甜美的；cute可爱的；fast快的；quiet安 静的；helpful有帮助的；heavy重的；useful有 用的；special特殊的；funny有趣的；tall高的；short矮的；difficult困难的；不友好的；难对 付的
描述情感 thankful 感激的；bored 无聊的；tired 劳累的；pleased 高兴的；surprised 惊讶的；lucky 幸运的；nervous 紧张的；sorry 遗憾的；sad 悲伤的
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3. 常见形容词短语
(1) 与in搭配
be rich in 富于，盛产
be weak in 在……方面薄弱
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be successful in 在……方面成功
(2) 与 of 搭配
be full of 充满…… be afraid of 害怕…… be tired of 对……厌倦 be sure of 对……有把握 be proud of 为……感到自豪
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(3) 与with搭配
be busy with 忙于 be filled with 充满
be angry with 生……气 be popular with 受……欢迎
be patient with 对……有耐心 be satisfied with 对……感到满意
be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
(4) 与about搭配
be crazy about 对……着迷 be sure about 对……有把握
be worried about 对……担忧 be sorry about 对……感到遗憾
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用 proud,strict,tired,alone,poor补全句子。
1 . (2023 · 河北41 改编) Some people have no interest in sports.They think that sports make them ______ and smell bad.
2. (2023 · 河北48 改编) But after the game,the coach hugged all of us.He told us that he was ______ because he had never seen a team try harder than us.
3.(2022 · 河北42 改编 ) As a boy,Kevin visited national parks and he learned the earth is in ______ condition.He felt worried.
4. (2021 · 河北44 改编)In the old days,people believed that teachers had to be very ________ and had the right to punish the students.
5.Cheer up,son!You have friends here.You're not ________ .
tired
strict
alone
proud
poor
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考点诊断
1. 副词的定义
副词的用法和辨析(完形填空：6年6考)
命题点
2
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子，一般放在动词后或句首作状语。
2. 副词的分类及基本用法
(1) 常见的以-ly结尾的副词
strictly严厉地 carefully小心地 loudly大声地 especially尤其 slowly缓慢地 quickly迅速地 quietly安静地 excitedly兴奋地 sadly悲伤地 suddenly 突然exactly准确地 closely紧密地 bravely勇敢地 certainly肯定地 finally最终 recently 最近 actually 实际上 nearly 几乎 properly适当地 carelessly粗心地
clearly清晰地 safely安全地 freely自由地 weakly虚弱地 mainly主要地
really真正地 possibly 可能 hardly几乎不 busily忙碌地 probably 可能
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(2) 频度副词/词组
①频度副词/词组的用法
a. 用在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后。
She is always kind to us.
b. 用在实义动词之前。
He often goes to school early.
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②常见的频度副词/词组
频度副词/ 词组 词义 频度副词/ 词组 词义
daily 天天， 日常 once 一次，
曾经
weekly 每周， 每周一次 not…any more/ longer 不再
ever 曾经 again and again 一次
又一次
at times 有时， 间或 now and then 偶尔
every day/ week/month 每天/ 周/月 all the time 一直，
总是
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(3) 程度副词/词组
①程度副词的用法
放在被修饰的形容词或副词前，情态动词或助动词之后(enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置)。
②常见的程度副词/词组
程度副词/词组 词义 程度副词 词义
quite 相当，完全，十分 only 仅仅
rather 相当，颇 even 甚至
very 非常 enough 足够
much 很；非常 hardly 几乎不
a lot 很；非常 almost 差不多
so 如此 such 如此
pretty 很，非常 really 很，十分
too 太，过于 just 仅仅，只是
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(4) 时间副词/词组
时间副词 词义 时间副词/词组 词义
now 现在 soon 很快
then 然后 once 曾经，以前
today 今天 still 仍然
tomorrow 明天 suddenly 突然
yesterday 昨天 recently 近来
before 在……之前 already 已经
ago 以前 at first 首先
early 早 at last 最后
late 晚，迟 just now 刚才
immediately 立即，立刻 at once 立刻，马上
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(5) 地点副词/词组
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(6) 疑问副词/词组
疑问副词/词组 词义 疑问副词/词组 词义
where 在哪里 why 为什么
when 何时 how 怎么样
how long 多长；多久 how soon 多久之后
how often 多久一次 how far 多远
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1~4题用clearly,nearly,always,anywhere 完成子，5、6题用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. (2023 · 河北45改编) The game was ______ over and we were one point behind.
2 . (2021 · 河北33改编 ) Please be polite and ______ offer your seat to people who need it.
3. (2021 · 河北49改编) If someone speaks out of turn,other students might not be able to hear the teacher ______.
4.(2020 · 河北46改编 ) Listening to your favorite songs at home will surely make you happy.The best thing about this is that you don't have to go __________.
5.I couldn't carry those things. _________ (lucky),my friends helped me,and I felt thankful.
6.Jim is my best friend.He often listens to my problems _______ (patient)and offers me help.
always
nearly
clearly
anywhere
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考点诊断
Luckily
patiently
命题点
3
形容词和副词的比较等级 (短文填空：6年4考)
1. 形容词和副词比较级、最高级的构成
(1) 形容词、副词比较级、最高级的规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和 少数双音节词 直接在词尾加 -er, -est young tall younger taller youngest
tallest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词加 -r, -st nice large late nicer larger later nicest
largest
latest
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-er, -est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest
fattest
hottest
以辅音字母加y 结尾，变y为 i,再加-er, -est happy easy healthy happier easier healthier happiest
easiest
healthiest
多音节词和 部分双音节词 在原级前加more, most comfortably careful more comfortably more careful most comfortably
most careful
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(2) 形容词、副词比较级、最高级的不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
ill/bad/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
old older/elder oldest/eldest
far farther/further farthest/furthest
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2. 形容词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法
(1) 形容词原级的用法
功能 主要结构 例句
说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原级 形容词原级 The flowers in the garden are beautiful.
有表示程度的副词 very, so, too, enough, quite 等修饰时用形容词原级 形容词原级 The boy is too young.
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功能 结构 例句
表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级 肯定句中的结构：A ... + as+形容词原级+as+B English is as interesting as Chinese.
英语和汉语一样有趣。
否定句中的 结构：A…+ not+as/so+形容词原级+ as+B I am not so careful as Lucy.
我不如露西细心。
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(2) 形容词比较级的用法
主要结构 例句
A+系动词+比较级+ than+B This box is heavier than that one.
主语+ 系动词+比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数 He is taller than any other boy in his class.
主+系动词+the +比较级+of the two+名词 …… ·是两者中较……的 Who is the younger of the two boys
Who/Which + 系动词 + 比较级，A or B “谁/哪一个更……”，表示两者之间进行选择 Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao
表示“越来越 ”时， 用“比较级+and +比较 级”,多音节词和部分双音节词用“more and more+形容词原级” It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.
表示“越……,就越……. ” 时，用“the +比较级， the+比较级”结构 The healthier we are, the happier we’ll be.
我们越健康，我们就会越高兴。
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主要结构 例句
有表示程度的副词 a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still, far等修饰时，用形容词比较级 I feel even worse now.
It is much colder today than before.
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拓展提升
比较对象要相呼应，相比内容必须相同， 为了避免重复，可用the one, that, those 代替前面出现过的名词。如：The price of meat is higher than that of rice.
(3) 形容词最高级的用法
表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前常 加定冠词the, 句末常跟一个 in/of 短语来 表示范围。但当形容词最高级前有物主代 词、名词所有格等限定词时，则不加定冠 词the。
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主要结构 例句
主语+ 系动词+the +最高级+ of/in+比较范围 He is the tallest of the three boys.
表示“……是最……的……之一”时，用“主语+系动词+one of+the+ 最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构 He is one of the most popular singers.
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用 “Which/Who + be+the+最高级，A, B or C ”结构 Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou
表示“……中第几最……”时，用“the +序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+其他”结构 It is the second tallest tower in the world.
3. 副词的原级、比较级、最高级
(1) 副词原级的用法
① 肯定句中用“as+副词原级+ as”结构。
The teacher speaks as clearly as she can to make us understand her.
老师尽力说清楚以便我们能明白她。
② 否定句中用“not…as/so +副词原级+ as”结构。
I can’t type as/so fast as my brother. 我打字不如我哥哥快。
(2) 副词比较级的用法
① 用“比较级+ than”结构可以表示一方超过另一方的情况，也可表达一方不如另一方的情况。
Tom is hard-working. I work harder than him. 汤姆工作努力，我比他更努力。
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②“比较级+ and+比较级”表示某种情况变得“越来越……”。
With time going on, we are getting on better and better with one another.
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拓展提升
两者之间比较表示“A 不如 B”时, 部分双音节和多音节形容词/副词除了使用“not... as/so+形容词/副词原级+ as”结构外, 还可以使用“less+ 形容词/副词原级+than”结构。
During rush hours, driving a car is less convenient than riding a bike.
He doesn’t write as carefully as his sister. =He writes less carefully than his sister.
③“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行变化，意为“越……，就越……”。
The more we know each other, the better we understand each other.
(3)副词最高级的用法
“the+副词最高级+表示范围的短语”结构，最高级前的定冠词the可省略。Brandon jumps (the) highest but runs (the) most slowly of the three boys.
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拓展提升
否定词(如never,nothing,no,nobody)+形容词/副词比较级，意为“没有比这更 ……的了”,隐含最高级意义。
No one could give a better answer. =This is the best answer.
There is no more difficult question than this. =This is the most difficult question.
1.Mr.Liu is a really nice person—the ___________ person I know.
2.Water is the cheapest drink. And it is also ______________.
3.I’m sorry I'm late. I should get here 10 minutes ___________.
4.You are doing great! I’ve never had ___________ answer before.
5.Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be ___________ for me.
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考点诊断
nicest
healthiest
earlier
better
most difficult
命题点
4
形容词和副词填空(短文填空： 6年10考(不含比较等级))
1. 如何判断应使用形容词原级
(1)空前有系动词(be动词及look, feel, seem等)， 且无比较之意。
The girl is very careful.
(2)空前为复合不定代词，且无比较之意。
Tom told me something interesting.
(3)空后为名词。
I need to have a good rest after a long time of work.
(4)在“使役动词(make, have, let 等)+ sb./sth. + adj.”结构中。
Everyone should make his own life colorful.
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(5) 在句型“It is+adj. (of/for sb.) +to do sth.”中。
It is good for you to eat more vegetables.
(6) 在as... as结构中，且空前有系动词。
I am as tall as you.
(7) “the+形容词”表示一类人。
the blind 盲人 the deaf 聋人
the old 老人 the young 年轻人
the rich 富人 the poor 穷人
the sick 病人 the disabled 残疾人
the wounded 受伤者
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2. 如何判断应使用副词原级
(1) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
Be quiet! He is reading carefully.
(2)频度副词位于实义动词之前或be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，修饰动词、形容词等。
It is usually crowded in the supermarket at weekends.
(3) 位于句首或句末作状语，修饰整个句子。
Unluckily, he lost the game.
(4) 在固定搭配中。 speak highly of 高度评价
(5) 在as ... as结构中，且谓语动词为实义动词。
I can run as fast as you.
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3. 如何判断应使用比较级或最高级
(1)比较级
①标志词than,much, even, far，a little等
②the+比较级，the+比较级
③比较级+ and+比较级
(2)最高级
①标志词 in China, in the world, of all
②one of the+最高级
③the+序数词+最高级
④固定搭配：如 at least, do one’s best
构成方法 例词
与形容词同形 low, fast, late, early, much, deep, little, hard, only, back, just, well, enough, long, high
形容词后直接加-ly sad→sadly; polite→politely; real→really; quick→quickly;
slow→slowly; safe→safely；active→actively
辅音字母加y 结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加-ly happy→happily; angry→angrily; heavy→heavily; easy→easily
辅音字母加le 结尾的形容词，去e加-y simple→simply; terrible→terribly; possible→possibly
少数以e结尾的形容词，去e加-ly true→truly
以 ll 结尾的形容 词，加y full→fully
4.形容词转化为副词
以下是形容词变副词的规律：
1.Everyone cooked the dishes that could be carried ________(easy).
2.I am writing to tell you that I arrived home ________ (safe).
3.We should always speak ________ (polite) to our parents.
4. Joanna is such a (help) girl that we all like to work with her.
5. Hearing the good news, all the club members cheered (happy).
6. As we all know, the Yangtze River is one of (long) rivers in the world.
easily
the longest
politely
safely
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考点诊断
happily
helpful
1. (2025 · 河北42)Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened __________ (recent).
2. (2025 · 河北51)I’m so __________ (thank) to my parents for their love.
3. (2025 · 河北样卷54)Lucy and I like talking ________(happy)as we do the housework.
4. (2024 · 河北71)Lin Ming is seven.Lin Fang is two years_________ (young) than her brother.
5 . (2024 · 河北73)Some boys and girls were playing _________ (happy) on the playground.
6. (2023 · 河北72)I was _______ (real)shy and nervous on the first day at school.
7 . (2023 · 河北77)I felt _________ (relax)at once.
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recently
thankful
happily
younger
happily
really
relaxed
8. (2021 · 河北71)They're very _____ (love).
9. (2021 · 河北78)They ran ______ (fast)than us.
10 . (2020 · 河北73)Mum cut the meat and cabbages into small pieces _________ (quick).
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lovely
quickly
faster
(启光原创)完形填空
Last weekend,my family decided to climb Mount Green.The weather report said it would be cloudy,but when we arrived,the sky turned out to be much 1 than we expected.The sunlight made us feel warm and 2 .
We started our hike 3 in the morning. My father walked ahead to guide us,while my younger sister followed 4 behind him.She was 5 shy,
but today sheseemed surprisingly confident.
About halfway up,the path became steeper (陡峭的) . Loose rocks made every step 6 “Be careful!"my mom warned.“This part is 7 than it looks.”
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(启光原创)完形填空
When we finally reached the top,the view took our breath away."This is the most 8 view I've ever seen!”my sister shouted excitedly.On our way down,we helped each other and chatted 9 .Even my tired little brother kept smiling. That evening,Dad said this was our best family trip ever.
1.A.darker B.brighter C.colder D.wetter
2.A.careful B.cheerful C.harmful D.helpful
3. A.early B.late C.lately D.suddenly
4.A.hard B.well C.close D.deep
5.A.hardly B.sometimes C.seldom D.usually
6.A.exciting B.surprising C.challenging D.relaxing
7.A.easier B.shorter C.more dangerous D.more interesting
8. A.beautiful B.important C.famous D.expensive
9.A.sadly B.quietly C.quickly D.happily
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(启光原创)短文填空
Last Saturday was our school sports day.I was 1. _______ (please) to win the 100-meter race. At first, I felt nervous,but aftersome warm-up exercises,running became 2. _____ (easy).
When the race started, I ran as 3._______ (quick) as I could. To my surprise, I finished first!
My coach said I did my 4. _____ (well) and gave me a high five.
After the race,my friend Tom said I was 5. ______ (luck)because the other top runner had fallen. But I knew I had trained hard for this moment.6._______ (Final), all my hard work paid off!
lucky
Finally
best
quickly
easier
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pleased(共25张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
一般现在时(短文填空：6年4考)
表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态，或说明主语的特征。
1. 基本结构
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2. 用法
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
My sister wears glasses.
He often goes to the cinema.
(2)表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。
The sun is much bigger than the moon.
Plants need water to grow.
(3)在时间、条件状语从句中，经常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I'll write to her when I have time.
Turn off the lights before you leave.
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1.She ______ (go) to the gym every morning.
2. I'll call you as soon as he _________ (arrive) home.
3. Safety ________ (come) first.
goes
arrives
comes
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考点诊断
一般过去时(短文填空：6年7考
命题点
2
表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，这种动作或状态可能是一次性，也可能经常发生。
1. 基本结构
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2. 用法
(1)表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
Mr. Smith came to see you just now.
(2)在since引导的时间状语从句中，从句用一般过去时。
My uncle has worked in the company since he came here.
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考点诊断
1.Our team________(win) two competitions last term.We were very happy.
2.Miss White is already standing here. Do you know when she _______(come)
3.Ken_______(forget) his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back.
4.He has lived in this city since he _____(leave) school ten years ago.
won
came
forgot
left
命题点
3
一般将来时(短文填空：2025 · 55)
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态
1. 基本结构
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拓展提升
当主语为第一人称 I 或 we 时，助动词 will 可换为shall。
2. 用法
(1)“be going to＋动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的、很可能发生
的事，或有某种迹象表明将要发生的事。
—What are you going to do next Sunday —I'm going to listen to music.
Look at the clouds. It is going to rain.
(2)用在“祈使句，or/and+ 简单句”结构中，后 面的简单句常用一般将来时，表示 结果，暗含“如果……就会……"或“如果不……就 会……”的逻辑。
Work hard, and you will succeed.
Hurry up, or you will be late.
(3)某些瞬间性或位移性动词，如 go,come, leave,start,arrive,move,return,fly 等，用现在进行时表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。
Our ship is arriving in London in five minutes.
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will see
will go /am going
will talk
will arrive
1.Just go down this road and you________(see) the library next to the bank.
2.I ________________(go)to the shops. Can I get you anything
3.I'm busy now. I ________(talk)to you after school this afternoon.
4.If you take this train, you__________ (arrive)in Shanghai in five hours.
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考点诊断
命题点
4
现在进行时(短文填空： 2025样卷 · 46)
表示现在正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
1. 构成
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2. 用法
(1)表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。
He is writing to his friend now.
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。
They are studying hard this term.
(3)表示即将发生的事情，相当于一般将来时。 常见用来表示将来状况的动词有：come, go,get,arrive,leave,start 等。
They are going home now.
Ella is leaving China tomorrow afternoon.
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1.Someone ___________(knock) at the door. Can you open it
2.You __________(drive).Don't talk on the phone.
3.They ____________ (leave) for Beijing next week.
is knocking
are driving
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考点诊断
are leaving
命题点
5
过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内发生 或进行的动作或状态。
1. 基本结构
2. 用法
(1)表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。常见的时间标志词有
at that time, at this time yesterday, at 1:00 last night, at that moment, then等。
She was watching TV at this time yesterday.
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(2)表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作。
They were waiting for you last night.
(3)在含有 when 或 while 引导的时间状语从句 中，过去进行时的运用：
①在when 引导的时间状语从句中，表示一 个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。
When he called me,I was having dinner.
②在while 引导的时间状语从句中，主句与 从句均用过去进行时，表示动作在过去某 一时刻同时进行，while 意为“当……的时 候，同时”。
I was doing my homework while my sister was watching TV.
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1.I saw Jeff in the park. He _________ (sit)on the grass and reading a book.
2. The twins didn't go to the theatre. They ___________ (enjoy)the light music all night.
3.—Where were you this morning
—I _____________(shop) in the supermarket.
4. While I ____________ (play) football, Jack was listening to the music.
was sitting
were enjoying
was playing
was shopping
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考点诊断
命题点
6
现在完成时
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。
1. 基本结构
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2. 用法
(1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。常见时间标志词 already,ever, yet,never,before,so far等。
I have already watched the TV play, so I don't want to see it again.
(2)表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在, 也许还要持续下去，常和
for, since连用。谓语由表示持续动作或状态的延续性动词充当。
We have lived here since 2000.
She has been a teacher for twenty years.
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3. 延续性动词与非延续性动词
非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，不能用在表示持续动作的现在完成时的句子中，如果要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，这些非延续性动词要转换为相应的延续性动词，如下表所示：
非延续性动词 延续性动词/词组 非延续性动词/词组 延续性动词/词组
buy have catch a cold have a cold
borrow keep put on wear
open be open get up be up
close be closed wake up be awake
begin/start be on fall asleep be asleep
come be here lose not have
go be there join be in/be a member of
finish be over leave be away
die be dead arrive/reach be
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4. have gone to, have been to与have been in
Mary has gone to Hong Kong. (现在还没回来)
Mary has been to Hong Kong twice. (现在已经回来)
Mary has been in Hong Kong for two years. ( 一 直待在某地)
短语 含义及用法
have gone to 表示“去了某地”，强调去了，还未回来
have been to 表示“去过某地”，强调去过，已经回来，常与次数或never/ever连用
have been in 表示“在……待……”，强调一直待在某地，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用
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1. I ___________ (finish) my homework. Let's go to playfootball.
2. Paula is pleased that she ________ (find)her lost watch.
3. I __________ (play)the guitar ever since I was 8 years old.
have finished
has found
have played
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考点诊断
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1.(2025·河北48)Here _____ (be) a few things from the “Good Things Jug”.
2.(2025·河北50)Jim and I went camping with our parents.There we ________(teach) my pet cat how to clap (拍 ) with his feet.
3.(2025·河北 55)I am sure it __________(make) a big difference in your future life.
4.(2025·河北样卷44) Lucy and I take turns to set the table for dinner and wash the dishes. On Monday, Wednesday and Friday, Lucy _______ (wash) the dishes and I set the table.
5.(2025·河北样卷46 、47) Now she ___________ (set) the table.And after dinner I __________ (do) the dishes.
is setting
taught
will make
are
washes
will do
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6.(2025·河北样卷 50)Last Sunday,Lucy_______ (help) our dad cut the grass.
7.(2025·河北样卷53)At the same time, my mom and I went shopping. And we put everything in the fridge when we ___ (get) home.
8. (2024·河北75)Lin Ming stood at the schoolgate and waited for his sister.Just then, the
bell _____ (ring).
9. (2024 · 河北78)When Lin Ming saw her, he couldn't wait to run to her.“Fangfang,”Lin Ming _______ (shout).
10. (2023·河北75)When he_____ (get) to my desk, he looked at my picture and said,
“Wow!...That's great!”
got
rang
shouted
got
helped
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11. (2023·河北78)Mr. Zhao is patient and he always _____ (tell) us not to worry about giving wrong answers.
12. (2022 ·河北73) She is popular among us. She always ______(like) to help others.
13. (2022 ·河北77) It was Mrs. Zhang's birthday last Saturday. She held a party and
__________ (invite) all the neighbors.
14. (2021·河北73) My mother ________ (work) in a toy shop. She loves her job.
15.(2021·河北79)Last week we played against another school...Finally,we ______(win)!
16.(2020·河北71)We had to stay at home, and I ______ (feel) quite bored.
17.(2020· 河北78) At last, we ________ (cook) them.They were so delicious..
likes
inviting
works
felt
tells
cooked
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(启光原创)短文填空
Look! My sister Lily 1.______________(practice) the piano in the living room.She 2. _______ (start) learning it last year and 3. ________________(already pass) two exams. Every day, she 4._______ (spend) an hour practicing after school.
Yesterday evening, while she 5. __________(play), our neighbor 6. ________ (knock) on the door. He 7. _____(say) Lily's music 8. ________ (sound) beautiful. Tomorrow, she 9. ________ (join) a piano competition. I 10. _______ (believe) she will do well!
is practicing
started
has already passed
spends
was playing
knocked
said
sounded
believe
will join(共15张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
基数词(听短文填空：6年6考)
1. 基数词的构成
范围 构成特点 例词
1~12的基数词 独立的单词，有各自的形式 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
13 19的基数词 以-teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen
20 90整十位的基数词 以-ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty
21 99的基数词及其他 由十位数“几十”和个位数1 9 构成 thirty-six
101 999 的基数词 百位数之后加 and，再加十位数或个位数构成 three hundred and sixty-five
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2. 基数词的用法
(1)表示数量：基数词常用来表示事物或人物的数量。
①当基数词大于1时，后跟的可数名词需用复 数形式，不可数名词的量词需用复。
two oranges 两个橙子
two pieces of bread 两片面包
②hundred, thousand, million等词前用基数词时,要用单数形式，表示确切的数字。如：six hundred people 600人；表示不确切的数字时要用复数形式，并与of连用，且前面不能再加具体数字。 thousands of students 数以千计的学生
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(2)表示时刻：
①整点：基数词( + o’clock) seven (o'clock)
②几点几分的读法
直接读法：先读小时，后读分钟 3:25 three twenty-five
间接读法：
≤30分钟：分钟+ past+小时 3:25 读作：twenty-five past three
>30分钟：(60 －分钟)+to+ (小时数+ 1) 3:55 读作：five to four
15分钟 = a quarter 30 分钟 = half an hour 6:15 读作：a quarter past six
6:30 读作：half past six
6:45 读作：a quarter to seven
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(3)表示年份、年代：
in 1987 在1987 年，读作：in nineteen eighty-seven
in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代，读作：in the nineteen-eighties
(4)表示年龄：
①“基数词+ year(s) + old”表示“……岁”
seven years old 七 岁
②“at the age of +基数词”表示“在……岁时”
at the age of seven 在 七 岁时
③“in one’s+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人……多岁时”
in his twenties 在他二十几岁时
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(5)表示长、宽、高等：
用“基数词+单位词(meter, kilogram等)+形容词(long, wide, high等)”或“基数词+单位 词(meter, kilogram 等)+in +名词(length, width, height)”表示。
three meters long 三米长
four meters in height 四米高
(6)表示时间、距离时，用含数词的名词所有格 形式作定语。
five minutes' walk 步行五分钟(的距离)
three kilometers' distance 三千米的距离
(7)与名词、形容词构成复合定语： "基数词+名词(+形容词)"复合结构作 定语时，其中，名词用单数形式，各部分间 要用连字符“-”来连接。
a fifteen-minute drive 开车十五分钟(的路程)
a sixteen-year-old girl 一个十六岁的女孩
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考点诊断
（启光原创）根据所给的提示填空。
My name is Tom.I am 15 1.______(year) old.I study in a middle school. It is not very far from home, only a 2. _________________ (10分钟的)walk from my home.I study in Class13, Grade9. There are 3._________ (thousand) of students in my school.Our school building has 9 4. _______ (floor). I usually get up at 5.____________________ (6:30) in the morning. I have seven classes every day.I love reading and there are over 80 6._______ (book) in my classroom.I am so happy to study in my school.
years
ten-minute/ten minutes’
thousands
floors
half past six/six thirty
books
命题点
2
序数词(短文填空：6年5考)
1. 序数词的构成
范围 基数词 序数词构成特点 序数词 缩写
1 ~ 19 one two three 独立单词 first second third 1st 2nd 3rd
five twelve 变-ve为f，加-th fifth twelfth 5th 12th
eight 直接加-h eighth 8th
nine 去e加-th ninth 9th
其他基数词 直接加-th fourth sixth fifteenth sixteenth 4th 6th
15th 16th
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范围 基数词 序数词构成特点 序数词 缩写
20 99 以-ty 结尾的整十 变y为ie, 加-th twentieth fortieth eightieth 20th
40th
80th
几十几 将个位数变为对应的序数词 twenty-first eighty-fifth ninety-ninth 21st
85th
99th
100及以上 100等整百、 整千 直接加-th one hundredth five thousandth 100th
5,000th
其余基数词 将个位数变成对应的序数词 two hundred and twenty-third 223rd
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2. 序数词的用法
(1)序数词可以用来表示顺序(the fifth floor)，日期(July 5th, 2015)。
(2)序数词前通常加定冠词the，其后接单数可数名词。但序数词前若有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词，则不加the。
The second photo is what I really need.
Tomorrow will be my fifteenth birthday.
(3)如果序数词前面有不定冠词a或an，则表示“又一，再一”。
I have read this novel three times, but I want to read it a fourth time. (4)表示编号时既可以用序数词，也可以用基数词。
the eighth lesson= Lesson Eight the thirtieth page = Page 30
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(启光原创)用所给词的正确形式填空。
In China,there are many traditional festivals. The Dragon Boat Festival is on the 1._______ (five)day of the 2. ______ (five) month of the lunar calendar in China.On that day people eat zongzi and have dragon boat races.The Mid- Autumn Festival falls on the 3. _________ (fifteen) day of the 4. _______ (eight) month of the lunar calendar.
Of all the festivals, I like the Lantern Festival best. It is the 5.________ (fifteen)
day of the 6. _______(one) month of the lunar calendar in China. In the evening there are different lantern shows in parks and streets.
fifth
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考点诊断
fifth
fifteen
eighth
fifteenth
first
分数表达法
拓展点
1. 分数用基数词作分子，序数词作分母。分子大于 1，作分母的序数词用复数。
1/3 one third 2/5 two fifths 1/2 a half 1/4 a quarter
2. 分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由分数指代的名词的数决定。
Two thirds of the children are from Canada.
三分之二的孩子来自加拿大。
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1.(2025 · 河北样卷 51) It is the ______(four) time for her to do that this year.
2. (2024 · 河北77) Several minutes later, many children walked out in a line.Lin Fang was the ______ (five) one in it.
3 . (2023 · 河北80)Now I am in the _______(nine) grade, and I’m leaving school.
4.(2022 · 河北 79) It was my ______ (one) time to see such a cake.
5. ( 2021· 河北80 ) This is the _________ (eight) time we beat them.
6.(2020 · 河北80) That was the _______ (one) time I learnt to make dumplings.
fifth
ninth
eighth
first
first
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fourth
(启光原创)短文填空
Our school recently held its 1. ________(eight) sports day. In the 100-meter race, Jack won the 2. ______(one) prize,while my friend Tom came in 3.________ (two). The most exciting event was the relay race. Our class team was in lane( 跑 道 ) . We worked hard and finally got the 4. ______ (three)place!Everyone cheered for us.
first
second
third
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eighth(共37张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
实义动词(完形填空：6年16考)
实义动词又称行为动词，它们都含有实际的意义，表示动作或状态，可在句中独立作谓语。按其句法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1. 及物动词
及物动词本身意义不完整，其后一定要跟宾语，意思才能完整。
I like books about animals. 我喜欢有关动物的书。
I bought a book yesterday. 昨天我买了一本书。
Please pass me the salt. 请递给我盐。
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拓展提升
常见的接双宾语的动词有give, buy, bring, get, leave, lend, make, offer, pay, send, tell, pass, teach , show, hand等。
2. 不及物动词
①不及物动词意义完整，不需带宾语。
She runs quickly. 她跑得快。
②有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
He is drawing in his bedroom. 他正在他的卧室画画。
He is drawing a horse on the wall. 他正在墙上画一匹马。
③部分不及物动词与其他词搭配构成动词短语，其作用相当于一个及物动词。
I’m looking for my keys.
我正在寻找我的钥匙。
Please pick up the paper on the ground.
请把地上的纸捡起来。
Here are your shoes. Put them on.
这是你的鞋，穿上吧。
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拓展提升
在动副短语中，当宾语是名词时，既可放在动词后也可放在副词后；但当宾语是代词时，只能放在动词后、副词前。
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考点诊断
(启光原创)用所给单词的正确形式填空。
Last term, my English teacher warned 1. ______ (we) that the final exam would be much more difficult. I was worried because my English was not good at that time. My parents expected me 2. _______ (get) good grades, but I didn't know 3. _____ to improve.
Then I decided 4. _________ (take) action. I spent more time reading English books and practicing writing. Every day, I listened 5. _____ English songs and watched English movies to improve my listening. My teacher often praised 6. ____ (I) when I made progress.
us
to get
how
to take
to
me
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With my hard work, I finally 7. _________ (achieve) my goal. I got an A in the final exam. It made 8. ____ (I) realize that as long as we work hard,we can succeed.
achieved
me
系动词(2023 ·49 feel)
命题点
2
连系动词又称系动词，是连接主语和表语的动词，后面一般跟名词、形容词等，说明主语的性质、特征、状态、身份、变化和结果等。其详细分类如下：
After hearing the news, she became very angry.
The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
We will grow old.
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拓展提升
常见固定搭配：
fall ill 病倒
fall asleep 睡着
keep fit 保持健康
keep silent 保持沉默
keep calm 保持冷静
come true 实现
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考点诊断
用方框内所给词的正确形式填空。
taste feel look stay smell
1. You tired today. What happened
2. The air fresh after the rain and the sky is blue.
3. This kind of tea good. May I have some more
4. It’s important to calm when you have an argument with your friends.
5. All of us proud when we heard our volleyball team won the match.
look
smells
tastes
stay
felt
命题点
3
情态动词(原单项选择：6年3考)
1. 情态动词的基本用法
（1）can, can’t, could
单词 含义及用法
can 表示能力，意为 “能，会”
( = be able to)
（疑问句中）表示请求
表示允许，意为 “可以”
can’t 意为 “不会；不能”
could can的过去式，意为 “能，会”，
表示过去的能力
在疑问句中表示委婉的请求
Jim can sing songs.
Can I play basketball now
You can play basketball on weekends.
I can’t give you an answer now.
Lily could swim at the age of 5.
Could you tell me the way to the post office
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（2）must, have to, mustn’t
词汇 含义及用法
must 表示主观看法，意为“必须；一定”
have to 意为“不得不；必须”，多表示客观需要，有人称、时态和数的变化，有时可与must互换
mustn’t 意为“一定不要；禁止”
I must work hard.
I have to get up early tomorrow.
You mustn’t play football on the road.
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（3）may, might
单词 含义及用法
may 表示请求、许可，意为“可以”,比can更正式、更 礼貌；用于祈使句，表示祝福或祝愿，用法和wish 相似
might may的过去式，表示请求、许可，语气比may更委 婉；表可能性，比may更不确定
May I speak to Amy
He may know the time. I’m not sure.
May your dream come true.
Might I ask you a question
I might be a doctor in the future.
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（4）need, needn’t
单词 含义及用法
need 作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于否定句和疑问句中
needn’t need的否定式，意为“不需要”，常用于must提问的否定回答
Need I come tomorrow
Alex needn't attend the meeting.
—Must I pay for the book in advance —No,you needn't.
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（5）should, shouldn’t
单词/短语 含义及用法
should 用于肯定句和否定句中时，意为“应该”，
表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议
表示征询意见，用于疑问句中
shouldn't 意为“不应该”
You should come to school on time.
Should I go to her party
We shouldn’t waste water.
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（6）shall, will, would, had better
单词/短语 含义及用法
shall 常用于疑问句，多用于第一人称，表示请求或征求对方意见
will 表示意愿或请求，用于疑问句中，常用于第二人称
would 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事，表示意志、愿望或决心等
had better 意为“最好”,表示劝告和建议，没有人称和数的 变化，常缩写为-d better,否定形式为had better not
Shall we go to the zoo
Will you please pass the book to me
Jane said she would not go with Tom, for she didn’t like him.
You’d better come back early today.
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(启光原创)选词填空(每词限用一次)。
1.It's a pity that you lost the soccer game last week, but you ______ face it bravely if you want to move on.
2.There's an important football match today.I _______ miss it.
3. ______ I use your ID card,sir We have to check your information.
4.—Must I come before 6:30 a.m. tomorrow —No, you _______ .
5.You _________smoke here! Look atthe sign. It says “No smoking”.
mustn’t
needn’t
May
must
can’t
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考点诊断
may must can't mustn’t needn't
2. 情态动词表推测的用法
单词 用法
must 表示非常有把握的肯定推测(100%的可能性),意 为“一定，肯定”
can’t 表示十分有把握的否定推测，意为“一定不，不可能”
could 表推测，意为“有可能，也许”(20%～80%的可能 性),语气缓和、较委婉
may 表示把握不大的肯定推测，意为“有可能，也许”
might 表推测，意为“有可能，也许”，可能性低于may
may not/ might not 表示把握不大的否定推测，意为“可能不，也许不”
It must be raining outside.My father's clothes are so wet.
He can't be having a meeting. I saw him just now.
The pencil could be Bob's.
John may come back at 5:00 p.m.
She might have gone to the library.She likes reading books in the afternoon.
It may not be Frank's book.
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考点诊断
用 may, can’t 或 must 填空。
(Jim and Lucy found a pencil box in the hallway.)
Jim:Look at the pencil box. It 1. ________ be Tom's. Look, his name is on the cover.
Lucy:All right.Is that boy over there Tom
Jim:It 2. _____ be him. He has gone to the library and he will work there the whole afternoon.
Lucy:OK.It 3. _____ be John. But I'm not sure.
Jim:Let's go and have a look.
must
can’t
may
命题点
4
助动词(近六年未考查)
1. be
be用作助动词，可与现在分词构成进行时态，与过去分词构成被动语态。
助动词用来帮助实义动词完成某些语法功 能，如表示时态、语态，构成否定句、疑问句等， 不能单独作谓语。河北中考不单独考语法，因 此助动词不单独考查，常结合时态或语态一起 考查。助动词主要有be,do,have,shall,will等。
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I am watching TV in my room now.
We were having supper when the phone rang.
This book was written by him.
2. have
have与过去分词构成完成时态。
3. do
do主要用来帮助实义动词构成否定、疑问形式。
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We have learned ten English songs so far.
He hasn’t found his dog yet.
I don’t know how to answer his questions.
Fiona doesn’t like to eat out.
—Did you have fun at the party yesterday —Yes,we did.
4. will, shall
will，shall 用于构成一般将来时；shall 主要用于第一人称；will
可用于所有人称。
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All of my families will work on a farm this Sunday.
Mum won’t allow me to go out before I finish my homework.
Shall I make some cookies for you
动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数(一般现在时)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
动词的五种基本形式变化表：
形式 构成 举例
原形 没有经过任何变形 do, have, come
第三人称 单数 一般在动词原形后直接加-s read→reads find→finds
以 s, x, o, ch, sh 结尾的，通常加-es watch→watches go→goes
辅音字母加-y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es fly→flies study→studies
不规则变化 have→has be→is
命题点
5
动词的基本形式(考频在谓语动词的时态详细统计)
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形式 构成 举例
过去式与过去分词 一般在动词原形后直接加-ed work→worked stay→stayed
以不发音的e结尾的动词，后只加-d like→liked encourage→encouraged
辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed study→studied carry→carried
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped regret→regretted
不规则变化 A-B-C型：begin→began→begun
A-B-B型：win→won→won
A-B-A型：come→came→come
A-A-A型：read→read→read
现在分词 一般在动词原形后直接加-ing sleep→sleeping wait→waiting
以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加-ing write→writing smile→smiling
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing sit→sitting plan→planning dig→digging
少数以-ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加-ing die→dying lie→lying，tie→tying
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( 启 光 原 创)用所给单词的正确形式填空。
Every day, I 1. ______ (wake) up at 7:00 a.m. Yesterday, I 2. _______ (forget) to set my alarm, so I was late for school. Right now, my classmates and I 3. _____________ (study) English in the classroom. Our teacher 4. ___________ (teach) us grammar this week.So far, I 5. _______________ (learn) three tenses (时态)!
forgot
wake
is teaching
are studying
have learned/learnt
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考点诊断
命题点
6
动词短语(完形填空：6年 5考；短文填空：6年3考)
1. 同一动词型
take 短语 take up 开始从事，占据；take away 带走，拿走； take off 起飞，脱掉；take down 拆除，记下；take out 切除，拿出；take care of 照顾；take part in 参加；take pride in 感到自豪；take back 收回；take turns 轮流；take photos/ pictures拍照；take action 采取行动；
take it easy 从容，不紧张；take notes 做笔记；take place 发生，举行
turn 短语 turn on 打开；turn off 关闭；turn up 开大，调高；turn down 调低，关小，拒绝；
turn in 上交；turn around转身；turn out结果是 ；turn to 求助于，转向；turn into 变 成 ；turnover 翻 转 ；turn right/left 向 右 / 左 转
get 短语 get to 到达；get back 回来；get up 起床，起来； get down 下来；get over 克服；
get out 出去；get on 上车；get off 下车；get away from 远离；get on/along with… 与……相处；get ready for… 为……做准备；get lost迷路；get to know认识，了解；get through 完成，度过；get in touch with 与……取得联系；get dressed 穿好衣服；get in the way 挡路；get used to 习惯；get into the habit of 养成……的习惯
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put 短语 put up 搭建，张贴；put away 放好；put on 穿上，上演；put off 推迟，拖延；
put down 写下， 记下；put out 熄灭；put back 放回原处；put up with容忍，忍受
look 短语 look at 看；look into 调查，观察；look for 寻找；look over 检查；look after 照顾；
look out 注意，小心；look up 抬头看；查阅；look down 俯视；look through 浏览；
look around 环顾；look forward to 盼望，期盼；look like 看起来像；look up to钦佩，仰慕；look down upon/on瞧不 起，看低；look back回顾，回首
make 短语 make friends with与……交朋友；make money 挣钱； make a mistake 犯错；make a decision做决定；make pogress 取得进步；make sense 有道理；make a noise 发出噪音；make a difference 有作用，有影响；make a living 谋生；make faces 做鬼脸；make the bed 整理床
铺；make sure 确信，确保；make a fire 生火；make up 编造，化妆；弥补；和解；构成
have 短语 have fun/have a good time 玩得开心；have a cold 感冒；have a fever发烧；have a headache/ toothache/stomachache 头疼/牙疼/胃疼；have breakfast/lunch/dinner 吃早/午/晚饭；have classes/lessons上课；have a talk 交谈；have a meeting 开会；have a rest休息； have a try 试一试；have trouble in 在……方面有困难
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2. 同一介词/副词型
for 短语 wait for 等待；ask for 请求；pay for为……付钱；care for关心，关怀；leave for 动身去；
look for寻找；stand for代表；long for渴望；search for搜寻，查找；thank for因……而感谢；prepare for为……做准备
out 短语 find out 发现；hand out 分发；take out 取出，拿出；come out 出版；go out 出去；
hang out 闲逛； work out 解决，算出；die out灭绝；hold out伸出；help out帮忙；blow out吹灭，熄灭；break out爆发；carry out执行，实 施；stand out出色，杰出；sell out售完，卖光
up 短语 grow up 长大；bring up 提出，抚养；call up 打电话；pick up 捡起；give up 放弃；
fix up 修理；cheer up 使……高兴；stay up 熬夜；hurry up 赶快；wake up 醒来；set up 建立；clean up 清洁，打扫；show up现身，出 现；put up支起，挂起；take up开始从事，占据；ring up 给……打电话；stand up站起来；look up查阅；use up 用光；get up起床；open up 打开
off 短语 cut off 切除；get off 下车；keep off 避免，使……不接近；pay off 偿清（欠款等）；
put off 推迟，拖延；run off 跑掉； take off 起飞，脱掉；fall off掉落，跌落；
show off 炫耀；turn off关闭；set off出发，动身
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on 短语 call on 拜访；carry on 继续下去，从事；depend on 依靠，依赖；focus on 集中注意力于；hold on 坚持，不挂断电话；live on 以……为生；agree on 就……达成协议；
go on继续；put on穿上，上映；try on试穿；turn on打开
with 短语 agree with 赞同；begin with 以……开始；play with 玩，玩弄； connect with 与……相连；deal with 处理，应付；catch up with 赶上，追上；come up with 提出，想出(主意、回答等)；compare with...与……相比较；keep in touch with与……保持联系；help...with...帮助……做……
in 短语 take in 吸入，接纳；believe in 信任，信赖； come in 进来；hand in 上交，提交；join in 参加，加入；take pride in 对……感到自豪；do well in在某方面做得好；
have interest in 对……感兴趣；dig in钻研
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考点诊断
Ⅰ.用方框内所给短语的正确形式填空。
1. Doris, it’s time for bed. the TV and go back to your bedroom.
2. When Grandpa was ill, all of us him and tried to make him happy.
3. Don’t be afraid of . They can help us improve ourselves.
4. It’s raining outside. You’d better your raincoat.
5. Joanna Chinese chess when she was only five years old.
look after put on turn off make mistakes take up
Turn off
looked after
took up
making mistakes
put on
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6. David is a friendly boy and he is good at his classmates.
7. Someone me. I have to say goodbye now.
8. We don’t have any homework today. Let’s go to the park and ______________.
9. T-shirts go well with your pants. What about a blue one
10. To keep healthy, Grandpa smoking and began to swim.
have fun get along with
wait for give up try on
have fun
gave up
trying on
getting along with
is waiting for
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1. No matter what happens, you can ask me help .
2. When you don’t know an English word, you can look it in a dictionary.
3. Don’t laugh others. Instead, we should help them.
4. We should learn to depend ourselves, as we have grown up.
5. Kevin is so creative that he always comes up new ideas.
Ⅱ.根据句意，填入所缺单词，每空一词。
for
up
at
on
with
1. (2025 · 河北45)We take ______ (turn) to read the “Good Things” aloud.
2.(2025 · 河 北 样 卷 43) Every morning after breakfast. I take him ___ the park.
3. (2024 · 河北34改编) —Look!Is that girl Alice —No,it _____ be her.She is on a tour in Beijing now.
4 . (2023 · 河北35改编) If we ____ find a better way, we'll finish the job faster.
5. (2023 · 河北36改编) We are supposed to put ____ our hand before we speak in class.
6. (2022 · 河北36改编) —Do I have to hand in my report now
—Of course, you ___________ .We're going to discuss it.
turns
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to
can’t
can
up
must/do
7. (2022 · 河北34改编) —Michael, try _____ this skirt.
—Oh,it looks nice on me!
8. (2021 · 河北37 改 编 )The trip ________(sound) really exciting tome. How I wish to go!
9. (2020 · 河北38 改 编 )Some volunteers are going to clean ____ the central park.Let's join them.
on
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sounds
up
(2020 · 河北改编)完形填空
Whenever the exam season comes,stress may come along.Here are some ways that have helped me.
When the stress of exams is really hitting me,I stop and take a walk.I usually borrow my neighbor's dog and 1 for about fifteen minutes.Many boys would simply choose to run for a while, or play ball games.Having some sports 2 your stress easily most of the time.
And if you find music helpful,give it a go. Listening to your favorite songs will surely make you happy.
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But if you are a book lover just like me, 3 a book you like.Reading can take you to places you've never been.Putting yourself into a new world helps you 4 your stress for a little bit.
For sure, there's nothing better than laughing. Laughing is the best medicine.It can really keep worry off your mind!Very often I call my best friend and we 5 our good times or something funny,and I'm feeling better.
Remember many others also 6 the problem of stress just like you.Try to face it bravely.It is not something that cannot be dealt with.
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1. A.walk B.jump C.stand D.sit
2.A.throws away B.drives away C.gives away D.puts away
3.A.copy B.write C.print D.read
4. A.forget B.find C.learn D.show
5.A.think about B.talk about C.care about D.hear about
6.A.face B.solve C.get D.cause
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(2020 · 河北改编)短文填空
Hi Alice,
My name is Zhao Ming and I'd like 1. _______ (be)your pen friend.I'm 16 years old.I have two little brothers.They are very lovelyI often help my parents look 2. ________them in my spare time.My mother 3.______(work)in a toy shop.She loves her job.And my father is an engineer.He is busy every day,but he tries 4. ____________ (spend) more time with us.
to be
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after
works
to spend
I'm in the school basketball team. We usually play matches on Saturday mornings.Last week we played 5. _________ another school.They ran faster than us. However, we had betterteamwork.Finally,we 6. _____ (win)!How happy we were!
Could you tell me something about you Please write to me.
Best wishes,
Zhao Ming
against/with
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won(共16张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
不定冠词a,an的用法(短文填空：6年5考)
1. 用于第一次提到的某人或某物前。
This is a book.
2. 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。
She is an actress.
3. 用于序数词前，表示“又一；再一”。
I tried a second time.
4. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前。
a knife and fork 一副刀叉
5. 表示“每一”，相当于every。
Take this medicine three times a day.
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6.用在“such、half、many、quite”等词 之后。
I'm sorry to trouble you at such a time.
7. 用在某些固定词组中。
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a few 几个 a lot of 许多 a number of 许多 in a word 总而言之 in a hurry 匆忙 as a result 因此 after a while 过一会儿 make a face 做鬼脸 make a speech 做演讲 make a wish 许愿 have a look 看一看 half an hour 半小时 all of a sudden 突然地 make a difference 产生影响 make a living 谋生 make a mistake 犯错 pay a visit 拜访 have a try 试一试 have a rest 休息 come to an end 结束 give sb. a hand 帮助某人 in a moment 立刻，一会儿 have a cold 感冒
take a photo 拍照
a little 一点儿
a kind of 一种
have a word with sb.
与某人交谈
take an interest in
对……感兴趣
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。常见的以元音字母开头的单词归纳如下：
apple, artist, aunt, Asian, arm, American, Australian, active, ability, accident, adult, amazing, angry, answer, awful, article, easy, egg, eight, eighteen, eighty, eleven, elephant, empty, end, English, exam, exciting, excited, expensive, eye, hour, honest, honour, idea, important, influence, instrument, interesting, interested, invention, island, office, old, orange, order, ugly, umbrella, uncle, unhappy, unlucky, unusual
注意：元音字母开头，但读音是以辅音音素 开头的单词，其前面的不定冠词要用a, 例 如：European,useful,usual,uniform。
辅音字母开头，但读音以元音音素开头的单 词，其前面的不定冠词要用an, 例 如 ：hour, honest,NBA。
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拓展提升
8.两个并列单数名词前冠词的用法。
a coach and trainer 一位教练兼训练员(表示 一 个人)
a singer and a dancer 一 名歌手和 一 个舞者 (表示两个人)
a knife and fork 一副刀叉(成套)
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1. (2019·河北75)It is really nice to have such ___ good classmate.
2. ( 2016·河北26 改编) I have pet cat. It is so cute.
3. (2014·河北26改编) Let’s take photo! Everyone, cheese!
4. Before making important decision, you should think carefully.
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考点诊断
用a或an填空。
a
a
an
a
命题点
2
冠词the的用法(短文填空：2025·44 (at) the (end of))
定冠词the用于不可数名词、可数名词单复数前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物。
1. 用于双方都知道的人或物前。
Give me the book, please.
2. 指一类人或事物中特定的人或事物。
Do you know the girl in red She is Jim's sister.
3. 用在与play连用的西洋乐器名称前。
play the piano/guitar/violin/drums
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4. 特指的或上文提到过的人或物。
There was a man in the hotel. The man looked very tired.
5. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
The earth moves around the sun.
6. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前。
the first time 第一次；the youngest 最年轻的
7. 用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示一家人或夫妇。
the Greens 格林一家/夫妇
8. 用在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有
名词之前。the Great Wall 长城；the Spring Festival 春节；the Summer Palace 颐和园
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9. the+形容词表示一类人，指一个群体，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数。
the young 年轻人； the old 老年人； the poor 穷人
10. 用在方位名词前或固定搭配中。
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in the south 在南方 on the right 在右边 in the end 最后 at the end of 在……最后 by the way 顺便说一下 all the time 一直 on the other hand 另一方面 at the age of 在……岁时 to tell the truth 说实话 in the morning/afternoon/evening
在上午/下午/晚上
in the world 在世界上
at the same time 同时
in the future 未来
the same...as 和…一样
all over the world 全世界
in the sun 在阳光下
in the center of 在……中心
1.Look at ________ calendar. It's June 22.
2. Do you know ________ girl in green She is our monitor.
3. But ______ whole world should remember the clever Chinese papermaker forever.
4. Laura is _______ 11 year old girl. She is good at playing ________ guitar.
5. Chinese learning is popular with people all over ________ world.
the
the
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考点诊断
the
an
the
the
零冠词的用法
命题点
3
情况 举例
一日三餐、球类运动、 语言、学科、棋类、游 戏名词前 have supper 吃晚饭；play football 踢足球；
learn English 学英语；play chess 下国际棋
与by连用的交通工具名词前 by train 乘火车；
by bus 乘公共汽车
人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园、节日等专有名词前 Beijing Street 北京大街；
Baiyun Airport 白云机场；
Teachers’ Day 教师节
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情况 举例
月份、星期前 January 一月；Sunday星期日
名词前有物主代词、 指示代词、不定代词、 疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时 this book 这本书；
my son 我的儿子；
Jack's bike 杰克的自行车
某些固定词组或习惯用法中 on foot 步行；
go to school 去上学；
day and night 夜以继日；
by mistake 错误地
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注意：在一些短语中，有无冠词含义不同。
at table 就餐
at the table 坐在桌边
go to school 去上学
go to the school 去那所学校
in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在医院里
in class 在上课
in the class 在班级里
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at school在上学
at the school在学校里
in front of 在……（外部的）前面
in the front of 在……（内部的）前面
1. (2025·河北44) At _____ end of the year, we get together to empty the jug.
2.(2025·河北样卷55) It is fun when we work together as ____ family.
3.(2024·河北 80)When Mrs. Lin saw this, ____ big smile appeared on her face. Her heart was filled with happiness.
4.(2023·河北71)He has made ____ big difference in my life.
5. (2022·河北78) She made _____ very big cake with fresh flowers on it. 6.(2021· 河北 75) And my father is _____ engineer.
7. (2020·河北72) Mum got _____ idea.
a
a
a
an
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the
a
an
(启光原创)短文填空
One day, Li Hua went to 1. _____ park near his home. On 2. ____ way, he saw
3. ____ old man carrying 4. _____ heavy bag. He quickly ran to help him. In 5. ____ evening, Li Hua told his parents about what happened. His parents were very happy and said he did 6. _____ good job.
a
a
an
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the
the
the(共13张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
合成法
合成法，即把两个独立的单词合成新词。 合成法可以构成名词、形容词等。
(1) 名词+名词
class+room→classroom foot+ball→football note+book→notebook
(2) 副词+动词
over + come→overcome down+load→download
(3) 名词+形容词
home+sick→homesick
(4) 限定词+名词
some+thing→something every+body→everybody
(5) 介词+名词
in+side→inside
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6.形容词+名词
black+board→blackboard mid+night →midnight
7.副词+名词
out +door→outdoor out +side→outside
8.名词+动词
sun+rise→sunrise sun+set→sunset
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命题点
2
派生法(短文填空：6年8考)
前缀 例词
表示 “否定” un 形容词 lucky→unlucky 不幸的
副词 luckily→unluckily 不幸地
dis- 形容词 hones→dishonest 不诚实的
动词 appear→disappear 消失
名词 comfort→discomfort 不舒服
mis- 动词 understand→misunderstand 误解
im- 形容词 possible→impossible 不可能的
in- formal→informal 非正式的
表示 “重复” re- 动词 build→rebuild 重建
表示“使” en- 动词 courage→encourage 鼓励
large→enlarge扩大
rich→enrich使丰富
派生法，又叫词缀法，即在一个单词前或后加上前缀或后缀，构成新的单词。
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后缀 例词
名词后缀 -er hunt→hunter 猎人 read→reader 读者
-or act→actor 演员 invent→inventor 发明家
-ress wait→waitress 女服务员 act→actress 女演员
-ese China→Chinese 中国人 Japan→Japanese 日本人
-an America→American 美国人 Roma→Roman 罗马人
-ist piano→pianist 钢琴家 art→artist艺术家
-ment disappoint→disappointment 失望
-ion graduate→graduation 毕业 relate→relation 关系
-ship relation→relationship 关系
-hood neighbour→neighbourhood 街区
-th warm→warmth温暖，young→youth年轻人
-ing write→writing 写作 learn→learning 学习
-ness good→goodness 善良 tired→tiredness 疲劳
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后缀 例词
形容词后缀 -able comfort→comfortable 舒适的
-al tradition→traditional传统的
-ic/-cal history→historic/historical历史的
-ful care→careful 小心的 help→helpful 有帮助的
-less care→careless 粗心的 use→useless 无用的
-ly friend→friendly友好的 love→lovely 可爱的
-en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛制的
-y wind→windy多风的 sleep→sleepy 困倦的
-ous humor→humorous 幽默的 danger→dangerous 危险的
-ed interest→interested 感兴趣的
- ing interest→interesting 令人感兴趣的
副词后缀 -ly bad→badly 糟糕地 successful→successfully 成功地
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命题点
3
转化法
一个单词由一种词类转换为另一种词类而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。
1.名词 动词
film电影 film拍电影 rain雨 rain下雨
cook厨师 cook烹饪 smell气味 smell闻起来
2.形容词 动词
open开着的 open打开 clean干净的 clean打扫
3.形容词 名词
daily日常的 daily日报 Japanese日本的 Japanese日本人
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命题点
4
+缩写和简写(2022版课标新增)
缩写和简写(也被称为截断法或缩短法) 主要采取“截头”“去尾”或者“既截头又去尾”的方法来生成新词。例如：
examination→exam
telephone→phone
airplane →plane
laboratory→lab
photograph→photo
advertisement→ad
refrigerator→ fridge
mathematics→math(s) influenza→flu
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CPC (Communist Party of China) 中国共产党
PLA (People's Liberation Army) 人民解放军
PRC (People's Republic of China) 中华人民共和国
WHO (World Health Organization) 世界卫生组织
UN (United Nations) 联合国
UNESCO (United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization)
联合国教科文组织
WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织
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1.He often listens _________ (careful) to my problems.
2.Linda is the big ________ (win) of the car race.
3.It is a ________ (sun) day. Let's go outside and play.
4. The computer is one of the greatest ___________ (invent) in the twentieth century.
carefully
inventions
winner
sunny
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考点诊断
1. (2025·河北46) Some of the things are __________ (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope.
2. (2022·河北72)She is a warm and_________ (friend) person.
3. (2021·河北71)I have two little brothers. They're very _______(love).
4. (2020·河北73) Mum cut the meat and cabbages into small pieces _______ (quick).
friendly
lovely
interesting
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quickly
(启光原创)用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Last month, a school 1.________ (report) interviewed me about my hiking trip. It was a 2.________ (pain) experience because of my fear of 3. _______(high). At first, I moved very 4. _______ (slow) and made small 5. ___________ (move) up the trail (小路).My friends encouraged me when I wanted to give up. 6._______(Final), I reached the top! Looking back, I 7. ________ (probable) won't forget this lesson about courage.
painful
height
reported
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slowly
movements
Finally
probably(共32张PPT)
课标语法导航
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思维框图
命题点
1
时间介词(近六年未考查)
1. in, on, at
单词 用法 常见搭配
in 用在年、月、季节、 世纪和表示泛指的上午、下午、晚上前 in 2011; in January; in summer; in the twentieth century; in the morning/ afternoon/ evening
“in+时间段”通常 用在一般将来时中，表示“（将来）……（时间）以后” in two days
用在某些表示时间的固定短语中 in the future; in the end; in a minute
on 表示具体某日或某日的上午、下 午、晚上 on Monday; on March 12th; on Sunday afternoon;
表示“……的一天”或“……的上午/下午/晚上” on Monday,on March 12th, on Sunday afternoon
at 表示具体时间点 at seven o'clock (7:00); at half past five (5:30)
用在固定短语中 at noon; at night; at present; at the beginning (of); at first; at last; at birth; at the age of
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2. for, since
for和since表示的时间状语都有延续之意，“for + 时间段”表示“延续多久”，作时间状语时，句子可用过去时、完成时或将来时；since后接表示时间点的短语或句子，意为“自从（过去某时）以来”，说明自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与完成时连用。
I can go out to play for two hours, as I have stayed in the study since morning.
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3. in, after
in和after后都可以接时间段，表示“……（时间）之后”，in用于将来时，after用于过去时。
My mother will come back in three or four days.
He arived after five months.
4. by, before
by表示“截止到……；到……为止”，包括最后的时间；before则表示“在某时之前”，不包括最后的时间。
You should get your homework ready by Friday. （包含星期五）
Can you come and meet me before Friday （不包含星期五）
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1. _____ winter, we usually do some sports indoors.
2. I still remember that I met you a cold night. Then we became good friends.
3. The doctor has kept working nearly 24 hours. He needs a rest.
4. Father’s Day was first celebrated June 19, 1910 in Washington.
5. He’ll come back five minutes. Let’s just wait.
6. You’d better brush your teeth going to bed.
7. We didn’t know much about him first.
8. _____ age 7, Bruce won second prize in the piano competition.
In
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考点诊断
on
for
on
in
before
at
At
1. across, through, over 与 past
方位介词(短文填空 ：2025·41(next)to)
命题点
2
单词 含义及用法
across 意为“横过；穿过”，着重指从一边到另一边，指从表面通过
through 意为“穿过；通过；经过”，指从空间内部通过
over 意为“横过；越过”，指从上方经过、跨越
past 意为“经过”，指从旁边经过
Can you swim across the river
After you go through the gate, you'll see a beautiful garden.
We must go over the mountain.
I often go past the shop after school.
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2. above, over, below 和 under
单词 含义及用法
above 表示“在……的上方”，两者不接触，不一定垂直
over 指“在……（垂直的）正上方”，与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触，同under相对
表示“（覆盖）在……上”，有遮蔽之意
below 表示“在……的下方”，两者不接触，不一定垂直
under 表示“在……正下方”，两者不接触
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The plane is flying above the clouds.
There is a bridge over the river.
He spreads the table cloth over the table.
The coat reaches below the knees.
My cat is lying under the chair.
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3. in，on 和 to
单词 含义及用法
in 表示在一个范围或大地方内（国家、城 市、乡镇、水域等），包含关系
on 表示A地与C地接壤、毗邻，两地并列关系
to 表示A地在D地范围之外，即二者之间有距离间隔或两地隔水相连，并列关系
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Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Canada is on the north of America.
Haikou lies to the south of Guangzhou.
4. 其他常见方位介词
单词 含义
by 在旁边；靠近
behind 在……之后
beside 在……旁边
along 顺着、沿着……
near 在……附近
next to 紧靠……；紧挨着……
Jane stood by the window, looking at the kids playing outside.
There is a football behind the table.
The hotel is beside the river. 。
My parents often walk along the street after supper.
My home is near the school.
The supermarket is next to the post office.
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归纳总结
根据下图，理解表方位的介词。
1.Just walk down this road and you'll see the museum _____your right.
2. Look left and right before you walk the street.
3. We can put a cover the plant if we want it to grow better in spring.
4. They will arrive Beijing tomorrow morning. Let’s meet them at the airport.
5.We walked __________ the forest and found a beautiful lake at last.
on
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考点诊断
用适当的介词填空。
across
over
in
through
命题点
表示方式、手段或工具的介词
3
1. 交通方式：by, in, on
by+交通工具的单数形式；on/in+限定词+交通工具的单数形式。（on foot除外）
I go to school by bike. = I go to school on my bike.
Tom goes to school on foot.=Tom walks to school.
I usually go to work in my father's car on rainy days.
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2. 表示“用”时，“with+工具、手段”“by+交通工具 （单数）或by+doing” “in+语言、嗓音”。
My daughter bought some books with the money she had saved.
He told us something interesting in French.
As a middle school student, don’t write with a pencil.
He always goes to school by bus.
He improved his English by watching English movies.
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(启光原创)用适当的介词填空。
1. ____ Saturday morning, I went to the park 2. ____ bike.There was a cute dog playing 3.______ a big tree.I drew a picture 4.______ my new colored pencils.
5. _____ noon,I went back home 6._____ lunch.
On
under
by
with
At
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考点诊断
for
命题点
其他常用介词
4
1. about
“关于；对于”。
The American girl wants to learn about Chinese history.
2. against
(1)“反对；违背”，其反义词为for。
No shouting, please! It's against the rules.
(2)“对抗；与……竞争”。
I am in our school team and we are going to play against another school next week.
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(3)“紧靠；倚”。
Put the piano there, against the wall.
(4)“碰，撞”。 Rain drove against the window.
3. as
“作为；以……身份”。
English is used as a foreign language in our country.
He came to China as a tourist five years ago.
(2)“像；如同；跟……一样”。
She describes herself as a reporter.
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4. for
(1)“支持”，与against相反，常与系动词be连用。
We are for the idea.
(2)“给；对；替”。
There is a letter for you.
I bought a gift for her.
(3)与一日三餐名词搭配使用时，表示各餐所吃的食物。
We often eat rice for lunch.
(4)“对于” Jane’s deep love for him still remains.
5. like
(1)“相似;类似;像”。He's very like his father.
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(2)“例如；譬如”。同“such as”。
He enjoys all kinds of sports, like surfing, going skating.
(3)“像……一样”。
Let me talk to you like a teacher.
6. of
(1)“属于(某人)，关于(某人)”，表示所属关系。
Can't you throw out that old bike of Tommy’s (2)用于表示计量、时间或年龄。
I need to buy 2 kilos of potatoes.
He went to Japan at the age of 2.
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7. with
(1)“拥有，带有；和……一起”。
Mr. Green has a big house with a garden.
(2)“随着；由于”，表伴随。
With the development of society, people pay more attention to their health.
8. without
“没有；缺乏”，表示否定。
It is a bad habit to go to school without breakfast.
9. around
“四处；在……周围”。
She is having a walk with her dog around our neighborhood.
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(启光原创)用适当的介词填空。
Last week, our school held a basketball match.Our class plaved 1. ______ another class. 2. ____ a team leader, I tried my best. We prepared well 3. ____ this match.Before
the match, we took a lot of training, 4. _____________ jogging, shooting and passing skills.5. _____ our hard work, we won the game. It's impossible to get such a result
6. ________ everyone's effort.
against
for
As
like/including
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考点诊断
With
without
命题点
5
介词短语(完形填空：6年2考；短文填空：6年4考)
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at+名词 at birth出生时；at dinner/supper晚 餐时；at present现在；at times有时； at the moment此刻；at the top of 在……顶部；at the beginning/end of 在……的开始/结束
in+名词 in danger处在危险中；in future在将来；in fact事实上；in person亲身，亲自；in public在公共场合；in return作为回报；in(good)order整齐，有条理；in silence安静地，沉默地；in total/all总共，总计；in time及时；inthe countryside在乡下；in the end最 后；in the way挡道；in one's opinion 依某人之见；in one's free/spare time 当某人有空闲的时候
1.介词与名词的搭配
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on+名词 on business出差；on duty值日，值 班；on fire着火，失火；on foot步行，徒步；on holiday/vacation在度假；on purpose故意地；on sale廉价出售，减
价；on show展览，陈列；on time准时；on the way(to)在去……的路上
by+名词 by accident/chance偶然，意外地；by hand用手；by mistake错误地，无意中；by plane坐飞机；by the time到……时候；by the way顺便说一下，顺便问一下
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be+形容词+at be amazed/surprised at对……感到 惊奇；be angry/mad at对…… ·生 气；be good at擅长
be+形容词+for be famous/known/well-known for以 ……闻名；be ready for为……做好 准备；be good/bad for对……有好/ 坏处；be late for迟到；be sorry for对 ……感到抱歉；be suitable for适合 于……的；be thirsty for渴望……
be+形容词+with be angry with对……生气；be busy with忙于；be filled with充满；be covered with用 … … 覆盖；be satisfied/pleased with对……满意；be patient with对……有耐心；be strict with sb.对某人严厉
2. 介词与形容词的搭配
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be+形容 词+of be afraid of害怕…… ;be tired of对 ……感到厌烦；be full of充满；be proud of为……感到骄傲
be+形容 词+to be close o接近；be friendly/kind/ nice to对……友好；be good to对 ……好；be harmful to对……有害； be polite to对……有礼貌；be
similar to和……相似；be up to 由 ……决定
be+形容 词+其他 介词 be different from不同于…… ;be excited about对……感到兴奋；be
interested in对……感兴趣；be worried about担心；be weak in…在
……方面缺乏能力
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about think about思考；worry about担心， 忧虑；talk about谈论；care about关 注；hear about听说
at look at看；knock at敲门；laugh at嘲 笑；point at指出；arrive at到达； shout at大喊
for look for寻找；ask for寻求；pay for 付账；wait for等待；send for派人去 请；leave for动身去…… ;care for 关心，爱护，照顾；prepare for准备
from come from来自；hear from收到……的来信/来电；learn from向……学
习；die from死于；stop/keep/prevent.….from doing.…让……不要/免受……
3.介词与动词的搭配
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in join in参加(活动);hand in 上交(作业、文件等)；take in吸收，理 解；believe in相信；succeed in在 ……方面成功
to dream of梦想着 …… ;think of想起； hear of听说；die of死于
with agree with同意；begin/start with以……开始；help(sb.)with…帮助(某
人)解决某事；deal with处理；fill...with…把 …… ·用……填满；cover... with...用……覆盖；together with 和……在一起；catch up with追上
其他 go through经历，穿过；look like看 起来像；look after照看；knock into 撞上；arrive in到达
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4.其他含介词的搭配
across from在……对面；according to根据； along with连同……一起；as to关于，至于；as for至于；as a result结果；at first首先；at last最后；at least至少；at once立即；at the same time同时；because of由于；for example/such as例如；instead of代替；next to在……的旁边；with/without the help of 在/不在……的帮助下；to one's surprise/ excitement令某人惊讶/激动的是
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考点诊断
1. Though he just moved here last month, he has made many friend with some ____
his neighbours.
2. Many of the wild animals are danger because of their bad living environment.
3. I enjoy talking with my classmate our way home.
4. Grandma has many hobbies, example, cooking and gardening.
5. my surprise, Mum didn't punish me. She had a good talk ____ me instead.
用适当的介词填空。
of
in
on
for
To
with
1 . ( 2025 · 河北41)I put some small pieces of paper and a pen next ____ the jug( 罐 ) .
2 . (2025 · 河北52)Our “Good Things Jug” is full ____ love, hope and happiness.
3. (2025 · 河北样卷52) ____ the same time, my mom and I went shopping.
4. (2024 · 河北74)Lin Ming stood at the school gate and waited ______ his sister.
5 . (2023 · 河北79)Also, he shows us how to learn _____ our mistakes.
6 . (2022 · 河北75)She often says hello _____ mefrom her front garden when I come back home.
7 . (2020 · 河北76)When everything was ready，Dad came back home ____ his office.
of
At
for
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to
from
to
from
I am Li Hua. Every day, I wake up 1. ____ 7:00. I go to school 2. ____ bus. My classroom is 3. _________ the library and the playground.4. _____ class, I chat 5. _____ my best friend Tom. 6. ______ school, I go home with Tom. 7.____ our way home, we talk with each other happily. My mother usually prepares delicious dinner 8.____ our family. After dinner, I do my homework. Our teacher asks us to do our homework 9. ____ a pen. Sometimes, my brother helps me with my homework.10. ________ his help, I can't finish the homework quickly.
by
between
After
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at
with
On
for
After
with
Without(共9张PPT)
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思维框图
1. 被动语态的构成
(1)被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词的过去分词
(2)常见时态的主动、被动语态的结构如下表(以动词do为例)：
时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句(被动语态)
一般现在时 do/does am/is/ are＋done The classroom is cleaned by us.
一般过去时 did was/were＋done The kite was made by him.
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to＋do will/shall/be going to＋be done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
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2. 被动语态的用法
被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。
This watch was made in China.
(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
More trees must be planted every year.
(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
(4)动作的发出者不是人。
Many houses were washed away in the flood.
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3. 主动结构表被动意义的情况
(1)open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, watch, cut, burn, drive等作不及物动词时，当
它们的主语为物时，可用主动结构表被动意义,常与well,easily等副词连用。
This kind of pen writes very smoothly.
(2)look, sound, taste, smell等感官动词用主动结构表被动意义。
Mooncakes taste very delicious.
(3)be worth doing 用主动形式表被动意义。
This book is worth reading.
(4)want/need/require＋doing相当于want/need/require＋to be done。to be done为不
定式的被动结构。
Your car needs washing.＝Your car needs to be washed.
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4. 不用被动语态的情况
(1)不及物动词无被动形式。
The accident happened yesterday.
(2)表示状态的及物动词无被动形式，如have, belong to,fit 等 。
This book belongs to me.
(3)某些固定短语或习语不用被动形式，如
take place, break out, come true 等 。
The story took place on a warm afternoon.
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1.These cakes ___________(fill) with chocolate. Have one, please.
2.Hangzhou ___________(know) as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.
3.Everybody ___________(move) deeply after they heard the story.
4.The cloth ______ (feel) soft.
5.Great changes ______________ (take place) in our city since 2020.
is known
was moved
feels
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考点诊断
are filled
have taken place
1. (2025·河北43)With pieces of paper in it, the jug _________ (call) “Good Things Jug”.
2.(2025·河北样卷 49) The grass around our house _______ (cut) about once a month.
3. (2024·河北38改编 )Emma got excited when her writing __________ (read) as a model in class.
4. (2023·河北40改编)Breakfast ____________ (provide) every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
5. (2022·河北40 改编)—Mmm…Delicious.What is it
—It _________(call) zongzi, Tony. It's a traditional food in China.
6.(2021·河北39改编)These gifts ________ (make) by children in their last summer holidays.
7.(2020·河北37 改编)Train tickets ___________ (sell) online.It is convenient.
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is called
is cut
was read
is provided
is called
were made
are sold
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(启光原创)用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
Our school library 1. ___________(renew) last summer. Now, new books 2.________ (add) every month. Last week, 3.__________ (tell) by the librarian that a reading contest 4. __________ (hold) next month. “Each student 5. ________ (ask) to recommend a favorite book,"she said.
Yesterday, I 6. _______ (choose) Treasure Island for my report. The story 7.__________(write) by Robert Louis Stevenson in 1883. The book 8. _______(love) by many readers because it's full of adventure. Tomorrow, my report 9. _____________ (check) by my teacher. I hope I 10.____________ (give) some useful suggestions by my teacher.
was renewed
was told
are added
is asked
will be held
chose
was written
is loved
will be checked
will be given(共17张PPT)
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思维框图
命题点
1
动词不定式(短文填空：6年2考)
动词不定式的基本形式是“to +动词原形”，否定形式是在动词不定式前加not。动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，但没有人称与数的变化，动词不定式及其宾语和状语构成动词不定式短语。
1. 动词不定式的功能
动词不定式可作主语、表语、状语等多种成分，此处仅呈现课标要求内容。(1) 作宾语(动词+to do)
Lily likes to sing.
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(2) 作宾语补足语(动词+宾语+to do)
Our teacher advises us to keep the classroom clean.
(3) 作目的状语(to do/in order to do/so as to do)
Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.
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2. “疑问词+动词不定式”的用法
(1) “疑问词+动词不定式” 可作主语、宾语或表语，此处仅详细讲解作宾语用法。
I haven't decided when to leave Beijing.
(2) “疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。
Can you tell me where to buy a cup =
Can you tell me where I can buy a cup
拓展提升
动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语动词不定式则被后置。
It is important to keep the classroom clean.
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3. 后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词（短语）
afford负担得起 agree同意 begin开始 choose选择 decide决定
expect期望 fail未做到 hope希望 learn学习 like喜欢
manage设法做成 offer主动提出 plan计划 prepare准备 prefer更愿意
promise承诺 refuse拒绝 start开始 wish希望 want想要 would like想要
4. 后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词(动词+宾语+to do)
allow允许 ask要求 advise建议 encourage 鼓励 expect 期望 force 强迫
help帮助 invite邀请 order命令 remind 提醒 require 要求
teach 教 tell告诉 warn警告
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5. 动词不定式的常用句型
(1) too ...to…表示“太……而不能……”
The boy is too young to look after himself.
(2) adj./adv.+enough to... 表示“足够……去做……”
He is old enough to go to school.
(3) It’s one’s turn to do sth. 表示“轮到某人做某事了”。
It’s my turn to clean the classroom.
(4) It takes/took sb. some money/time to do sth. 表示“花费某人……金钱/时间做某事”。
It took me three hours to finish the task on my own.
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(5)It+be+adj.+of/for sb. + to do sth. 表示“某人做某事是……/对某人来说做
某事是……”。
It's kind of you to help me with my study.
It's hard for you to carry the machine by yourself.
(6) It+be + one's duty+ to do sth. 表示“做某事是某人的义务”。
It's my duty to look after my little sister.
(7)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事"。
She prefers to receive a small and meaningful gift rather than receive a lot of money.
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命题点
2
+动词的-ing形式 (2022版课标新增)
动词的-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词，具有动词、名词、形容词和副词的特征。此处简单讲解动名词的用法。
1.动名词的功能
(1)作主语
Teaching English is interesting.
(2)作宾语
She likes teaching English. (动词的宾语)
She is good at teaching English.(介词的宾语)
(3)作表语
Her job is teaching English in a middle school.
(4)作定语
She wants to buy a washing machine.
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2.后接动名词作宾语的常见动词(短语)(动词
+doing)
advise/suggest建议 avoid避免
consider考虑 enjoy喜欢
finish完成 imagine想象
keep坚持 mind介意
miss错过 practice练习
risk冒险 stand忍受
give up放弃 be busy忙于
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be interested in对……感兴趣
be worth...值得……
keep on...继续……
spend time(in)...花费时间……
keep/stop/prevent sb. from ...防止/阻止某 人……
have fun/trouble/problems/difficulty (in)...有乐趣/麻烦/问题/困难
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拓展提升
(1)若动名词位于句首作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。
(2)有些动词后面既可以接动名词，也可以接 动词不定式，但是意思有区别，常见的有：
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做)
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)
remember to do sth.记得去做某事(未做)
regret doing sth.对做过的事感到后悔(已做)
regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)
拓展提升
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mean doing sth.意味着做某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事
try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.设法/努力做某事
go on doing sth.继续做某事(继续正在做的事)
go on to do sth.继续做某事(继续去做另一 件事)
need/require/want to do sth. 需要/想要做某事(主动意义)
need/require/want doing sth. 需要/想要做某事(被动意义)
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(3)若to为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形；若to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。以下短语中的to为介词：
stick to坚持 lead to导致;引起;通向
turn to求助于 look forward to盼望;期待
pay attention to注意
be/get/become used to习惯于
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命题点
3
+动词的-ed形式(2022版课标新增)
动词的-ed形式表示已经完成的、被动的动作，在句子中起形容词或副词的作用，不具有名词的特点，在句子中作定语、表语补足语和状语。
(1)作定语
Finally, the police found the lost boy.
(2)作表语
The glass is broken. Don't touch it.
(3)作宾语补足语
She found the village greatly changed.
(4)作状语
Compared with her sister,Teresa looks much taller.
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1.(2025·河北54) Therefore, I encourage you ___________ (create) your “Good Things Jug” today.
2.(2025·河北样卷45) But today, Lucy wanted____________ (change) the roles.
3.My teacher offers _________ (help) me with math after class.
4.They prefer _______ (play) basketball on weekends.
5.We promised _________(clean) the classroom together.
6.The teacher asks us ________ (listen) carefully in class.
7.The sign warns people not _________(swim) in this lake.
8.She told her brother ______(be) quiet in the library.
to create
to change
to help
to play
to clean
to listen
to swim
to be
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(启光原创)用所给动词的正确形式填空。
Dear Tom,
How are you I’m writing 1. _______ (tell) you about my plans for the summer holiday. My parents want me 2. ____________(visit) my grandparents in the countryside.They live far away, so I need 3.________ (take) a bus first. I'm excited 4. __________ (spend) time there because I love 5._________________ (help) my grandma 6. _________ (feed) the chickens. Also, my grandpa promised 7. _______ (teach) me how 8. ______ (plant) vegetables.
But before 9. ________(leave), I have to finish my homework. I plan 10. _____ (do) it every morning. My teacher advised us 11. ________ (read) more books, so I want 12. _______(buy)some terestingnovels.I also enjoy 13.________________ (play) basketball, so I hope 14. ________ (join) a sports club in the afternoon.
Do you have any plans I'd like 15. _________ (hear) about your holiday.
to visit
to tell
to take
to spend
helping/to help
(to) feed
to teach
to plant
leaving
to do
to read
to buy
playing
to join
to hear

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