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(共29张PPT)
北师大版高中英语（2019版）
高考复习--语法篇
课题：定语从句
The Attributive Clause
1. Language Ability: Master the usage of relative pronouns and adverbs in attributive clauses.
2. Learning Ability: Develop the ability to explore grammatical rules independently through observing, analyzing and summarizing examples.
3. Thinking Quality: Improve logical thinking by analyzing the relationship between attributive clauses and main clauses.
4. Cultural Awareness: Understand the linguistic habits of English-speaking countries through attributive clauses in authentic contexts.
Learning objectives:
Baby won't you tell me why there is sadness in your eyes
宝贝，你能否告诉我为何你的眼中充满忧郁和悲伤
I don't wanna say goodbye to you
我不想和你说再见
Love is one big illusion __________I should try to forget
爱是一种假象，我应该试图去忘记它
but there is something ____ in my head
但是总有一些事情停留在我的脑海里挥之不去
(that/which)
left
That's why you go away
那就是你离开的原因
That's why you go away
那就是你离开的原因
You're the one ______ set it up now you're the one to make it stop
你就是让我产生爱的那个人，但是你现在也要让它停止
I'm the one____ is feeling lost right now
此时此刻我感到迷茫
Now you want me to forget every little thing _____ you said
你要我忘记你说的任何事情
but there is something ____ in my head
但总有些事情我忘不掉
who
who
(that)
left
I won't forget the way _____________you're kissing
我忘不了我们的吻
The feeling's so strong, were lasting for so long
那感觉多么强烈，而且会永远留在我心中
But I'm not the man _______________your heart is missing
但是我不是你心所思念的那个人
That's why you go away I know
我也知道那就是离去的原因
(that/who/whom)
(that/in which)
You're the one who set it up now you're the one to make it stop
你就是让我产生爱的那个人，但是你现在也要让它停止
I'm the one who is feeling lost right now
此时此刻我感到迷茫
Now you want me to forget every little thing （that） you said
你要我忘记你说的任何事情
but there is something left in my head
但总有些事情我忘不掉
1. She is a beautiful girl.
她是一个漂亮的女孩。
2. His brother is a student.
他的哥哥是一名学生。
3. She is a girl called Mary.
她是一个名叫Mary的女孩。
4. The boy in the classroom is Tom.
教室里的男孩是Tom。
(形容词作前置定语)
(代词作前置定语)
(分词短语作后置定语)
(介词短语作后置定语)
定语从句及相关概念
定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用 “……的” 表示。可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、介词短语等来担任。
单词作定语时通常放在被修饰的词之前，作前置定语。 She is a beautiful girl.
短语和从句作定语时则放在被修饰的词之后，作后置定语. She is a girl called Mary.
如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。
1.The girl is Mary.
2.The beautiful girl is Mary.(单个词, 前置定语)
3.The girl who is standing there is Mary.
站在那儿的女孩叫Mary. (定语从句,后置定语)
定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句, 常紧跟被修饰的词后。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的某名词或代词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词。
先行词:
关系词:
The girl who is standing there is Mary.
主句：
从句（定语从句）:
The girl is Mary.
who is standing there.
the girl
who
翻译:
站在那儿的女孩是Mary。
定语从句的种类：
（1）限定性定语从句：与先行词关系密切，如果没有定语从句，主句含混不清，不完整，限定性定语从句与先行词之间无逗号。
（2）非限定性定语从句：是先行词的一个附加语，对先行词起进一步说明作用，如果删掉它，主句的意义仍然是完整的，非限定性定语从句与先行词之间有句号。如：
限定性定语从句:
He is the person who/that came first.
非限定性定语从句:
His mother does morning exercises every day, which is good for her health.
1.关系词: 指引导定语从句的词。
包括关系代词和关系副词。
2.关系词的作用：
(1) 引导作用(引导定语从句)
(2) 替代作用(替代先行词)
(3) 在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
关系词的使用
先行词所指 关系代词在从句中充当的成分 主语 宾语 介词+宾语 定语
　人
物
whose
who/that
(whom/who/ that)
介词+whom
which/that
(which/that)
介词+which
whose
The boy
is Tom.
The boy
is in blue
.
who/that
who/that指代先行词boy(指人)，在从句中作主语,不可省略.
分析:The boy who/that is in blue is Tom.
仿写:
The student is Tom.
He is talking to his teacher.
The student who/that is talking to his teacher is Tom.
The boy
is Tom.
I know
the boy
.
whom/who/that
whom/who/that指先行词boy(指人)，在从句中作宾语,　可省略.
分析:The boy whom/who/that I know is Tom.
仿写:
The student is Tom.
I met the student in the street yesterday.
The student (whom/who/that) I met in the street yesterday is Tom.
The pen
has been found.
The pen
was lost
.
which/that
which/that指先行词pen(物)，在从句中作主语,不可省略.
分析:
The pen which/that was lost has been found.
仿写:
A plane is a machine .
The machine can fly.
A plane is a machine which/that can fly.
分析:
The story (which/that) we heard is funny..
The story
is funny.
We heard
the story
(which/that)
which/that 指物(先行词story)，在从句中作宾语,　可省略.
.
仿写:
The noodles were delicious.
I cooked the noodles.
The noodles (which/that) I cooked were delicious.
This is the room
The room’s
.
whose
whose指 “…的”,可指某人的或某物的(此句中指先行词 “房间”的)，在从句中作定语,不可省略. 也可用of which 来替代whose, 也即:
This is the room the door of which is broken.
of which the door is broken.
如此一来,关系词就变成了介词+宾语的结构了.
分析:This is the room whose door is broken.
door is broken
.
仿写:
The room is mine.
The room’s window faces south.
The room whose window faces south is mine.
分析:The man to whom she spoke is Jack.
The man
is Jack.
She spoke
the man
whom/who/that
指人whom，在从句中作介词to的宾语,　在介词后不可用who/that，whom不可省略.
.
to
本从句中的介词前移，若不前移，则可用关系代词(who/that),可省略，即：The man (Whom/who/that) she spoke to is Jack.
分析句子:The hotel in which he lived is expensive.
The hotel
is expensive.
He lived
the hotel
which/that
指物(which)，在从句中作介词in的宾语,　在介词后不可用that，不可省略.
.
in
本从句中的介词前移，若不前移，则可用关系代词(which/that),可省略，即：The hotel (which/that) he lived in is expensive.
限制性定语从句中只用that引导的情况
1.先行词为all，much，few，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none等不定代词时。
eg. All that we wish is health.
2.先行词既有人又有物时。
eg. He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited.
3.先行词被形容词最高级、序数词或限定词修饰时。
eg. This is the third time that they have met.
4.定语从句在who或which开头的疑问句中。
eg. Who is the man that is sitting by the lake
只用which而不用that的情况
1.引导非限定性定语从句时。
eg. The fish，which I bought this morning，is very fresh.
2.在限定性定语从句中，关系代词前有介词时。
eg. This is the hotel in which you will stay.
This is the hotel you will stay in.
(which/that)
判断用什么关系词的步骤：
（1）划分主句和从句
（2）锁定先行词
（3）确定关系代词（即先行词）在从句中所担任的成分
（4）根据表格锁定关系词，判断有无特殊情况．
注：定语从句的时态不受主句的限制
The woman (who/that) you were talking about yesterday is my mother.
Tips
Thank you!

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