资源简介

(共48张PPT)
Unit 3 Environmental Protection
Discover Useful Structure
直接引语 & 间接引语
（导学案P165 辅助学习）
Lead-in
You jump! I jump!
The Titanic
What did Rose say
Lead-in
Rose said, “I changed my mind.”
Pardon
Rose said she had changed her mind.
What‘s the difference between these two sentences
What‘s the difference between these two sentences
1. Rose said, “I changed my mind.”
2. Rose said she had changed her mind
, “ ” →that
I → She
my→her
changed → had changed
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
人称变化
时态变化
句式变化（连词）
直接引述别人的原话，叫 _________；通常都用________括起来；
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来,叫________；它多数情况下构成一个 ________。
直接引语
间接引语
引号“ ”
宾语从句
规则
01
02
03
04
人称变化
句式变化
代词、状语等其他变化
直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则
时态变化
人称变化
01
＂I bought pearls for my mother.＂Tom said.
Tom said that he had bought pearls for his mother.
(1)一随主: 直接引语中有第一人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称与
主句中的主语的人称保持一致。
人称变化
She said to me,“You speak English better than me.”
She said to me that I spoke English better than her.
(2)二随宾:直接引语中有第二人称时，在改为间接引语时其人称和主句的宾语保持一致。
人称变化
She said，“He will be busy.”
She said that he would be busy.
3)三不变:
直接引语中有第三人称时，在改为间接引语时不发生变化。
人称变化
【注意】如果主句中无宾语，可以根据语境添加合适的宾语。
"Why are you late again " the teacher asked.
The teacher asked me why I was late again.
人称变化
me
人称变化规律总结
一随主
二随宾
三不变
一随主：直接引语中第一人称变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
二随宾：直接引语中第二人称变为和间接宾语（即听话人）相一致的人称。
第三人称不更新：
直接引语中第三人称变为间接宾语时，人称不变。
一随主
二随宾
三不变
Rose said, “
.”
Rose said that she was flying.
Observe and Discover：
句型转换
（1）“I will come and see you again this evening, Tom.” she said.
→ She told Tom that 　　　　 would go and see 　　　　 again that evening.
（2）He said to me，“You are wrong.”
→ He told me that 　　　　 was wrong.
（3）“Are you a soldier ” he asked.
→ He asked if/whether 　　　　 was a soldier.
（4）He asked，“Where are you going to get off， John ”
→ He asked John where 　　　　 was going to get off.
she
I
him
I
he
时态变化
02
1. She said, “ I walk to school.”
She said (that) she walked to school.
2. She said, “ I am walking to school.”
She said (that) she was walking to school.
3. She said, “ I have walked to school.”
She said (that) she had walked to school.
（一般现在时）
（一般过去时）
（现在进行时）
（过去进行时）
（现在完成时）
（过去完成时）
时态变化
Ⅰ.主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句时态往前倒退一个：
4. He said, “ I walked to school.”
He said (that) he had walked to school.
5. He said, “ I had walked to school.”
He said (that) he had walked to school.
6. He said, “ I will walk to school.”
He said (that) he would walk to school.
（一般过去时）
（过去完成时）
（过去完成时）
（过去完成时）
（一般将来时）
（过去将来时）
Ⅰ.主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句时态往前倒退一个：
Ⅱ.直接引语 变成 间接引语时，以下情况，时态不变：
(1)主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句时态不变;
He says,“I didn't broke the window.”
He says that he didn't broke the window.
(2)直接引语描述:客观事实、真理名言、习惯性动作,从句时态不变;
“The earth moves around the sun,” the teacher told us.
The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
(3)如果直接引语中由具体的过去某年/月/日作状语，从句时态不变。
The old man said,“I was born on April 20,1949.”
The old man said (that) he was born on April 20,1949.
时态变化
练习
1.He said，“I am very sorry.”
He said that he _____ very sorry.
2.“She is preparing her lessons，”I said.
I said that she ____________ her lessons.
3.She said,“I have lost a pen.”
She said she _________ a pen.
4.He said to me，“Jane spent all her time doing that.”
He told me （that） Jane __________all her time doing that.
was
was preparing
had lost
had spent
5.She said,“I like English very much.”
She said she_______ English very much.
6.Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.”
Tom said that they ___________ to the pop music.
7.Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV ”
Mother asked me whether I __________ my homework before I watched TV.
8.She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
She said that their bus ___________ in five minutes.
were listening
had finished
would arrive
liked
Observe and Discover：
句型转换
（1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.”
→ The teacher said that 　　　　 　　　　 doing OK.
（2）He said，“I have written a novel.”
→He said that 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a novel.
（3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”
→ He said that 　　　　 　　　　 go there to have a long holiday.
（4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
→ The teacher said that where there 　　　　 a will，there 　　　　 a way.
（5）Jane said，“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus ”
→Jane asked Mary where 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when she met her on the bus.
we were
he had written
she would
is
she was going
is
句式变化
03
Ⅰ.直接引语是陈述句,改为由that引导的宾语从句,that可省略。
eg.
She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
She said their bus would arrive in five minutes.
(that)
句式变化
主句常用动词有say(said), tell(told) ,explain, think(thought)等
Ⅱ.直接引语是一般疑问句,
改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。
eg: He said, “Can you swim, John ”
He asked John ____________he could swim.
whether/if
句式变化
Jack said, “Do you trust me ”
Jack asked Rose whether/if she trusted him.
主句常用动词有ask， wonder， do not know等
Ⅲ.直接引语是特殊疑问句,
改为由疑问代词(what/which)或连接副词（when/where/why/how)
引导的宾语从句且宾语从句必须用陈述语序。
eg. She asked me，“When do they have their dinner ”
She asked me they had their dinner.
when
句式变化
Ⅳ.直接引语是祈使句,
句式变化
1.引述表示命令的祈使句,常用tell, order转述。如:
“Take down these paintings,” the teacher said to the student.
→The teacher told the student to take down those paintings.
［注意］直接引语中的称呼语一般当作宾语用。
2.引述表示建议、劝告的祈使句,可用advise, suggest等词转述。如:
The owner said to the workers, “Please take a rest.”
→The owner advised the workers to take a rest.
Ⅳ.直接引语是祈使句,
句式变化
3.引述表示请求的祈使句,常用ask, beg等词转述。如:
“Don't let your dog bark during the night, please,” the
neighbour said to him.
→The neighbour asked him not to let his dog bark during the night.
4.引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句,常用remind, warn等词转述。如:
“Don't forget to mail the letter,” the wife said to her husband.
→The wife reminded her husband not to forget to mail the letter.
［归纳］祈使句的间接引语形式多采用
“动词+宾语+动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有
ask, tell, beg, warn, remind, advise, order等。
Jack said, “
Jack asked Rose to close her eyes.
Observe and Discover：
句型转换
（1）He said，“I’ve left my book in your room.”
→He told me 　　　　 he 　　　　 　　　　 his book in my room.
（2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV ”
→She asked me 　　　　 I 　　　　 watching the advertisements on TV.
（3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad ” Bill asked.
→ Bill asked 　　　　 　　　　 　　　 the ads for jobs abroad.
that
whether
where I had found
liked
had left
1. She said, “ This house is expensive(昂贵的).”
She said (that) that house was expensive.
2. “ Tom, come here! ” They said.
They asked Tom to go there.
3. Sarah said,“ I have finished my homework yesterday. ”
Sarah said (that) she had finished her homework
the day before.
其他变化
其他变化
04
变化项目 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this
these
时间状语 now
today
this morning/ week
that
those
then
that day
that morning/ week
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。
yesterday
ten days ago
tomorrow
next week
last week
the day before yesterday
the day after tomorrow
地点状语 here
方向性 动词 come
bring
the day before
ten days before
the next day/ the following day
there
go
take
two days before
in two days’ time
the next week/ the following week
the week before
性质：间接引语在多数情况下是一个宾语从句
人称:一随主,二随宾,三不变
时态：主句为一般过去时态，从句时态往前移
引导词:
陈述句: 用that
一般疑问句: 用if或whether
特殊疑问句: 用特殊疑问词
祈使句： tell sb. to do s.th
ask sb. to do s.th
order sb. to do s.th
Summary
（1）“I will come and help you tomorrow，John，” she said.
→ She told John that she would 　 and help him ________________.
（2）“I’ll come and see you again this evening， Tim，”he said.
→ He told Tim that he would go and see him again 　　　　 　　　.
（3）Mr Harry asked，“John，have you passed the exam yesterday ”
→ Mr Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam _________.
（4）The old man said，“I like to talk with these young men.”
→ The old man said that he liked to talk with 　　　　 young men.
（5）She said to me，“I lived here five years ago.”
→ She told me she had lived 　　　　 five years 　　　　.
Observe and Discover：
the next day
that evening
the day before
those
there
go
before
【实战演练】导学案P166
Ⅰ单句填空
1.The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light _______
(travel) faster than sound.
2.Mary asked me __________ I would go to the concert with
her that evening.
3.He said they had insisted that she _____________ (start) immediately.
travels
if/whether
(should) start
4.She said she ____________ (nurse) her father in the hospital
since she came back.
5.He asked whether my son was going to Shanghai that
day____the next day.
had nursed
or
6.Mr Wang told the children that he ____________ (leave) for
Shanghai on business next month.
7.She said that she ____________ (write) a letter when he
knocked at the door.
8.Tom told me that he would help me with my English ____ next day.
9.She told me not________(buy) any toys. She has too many
baby toys.
10.She asked George __________ he had anything interesting
she could read.
would leave
was writing
the
to buy
if/whether
Ⅱ语法与写作
1.The doctor required that __________________________________
________________________. (stay)
医生要求她待在家休息至少一周的时间。
she (should) stay at home for a rest for at least one week
2.Linda said disappointedly that when she arrived at the station,
_________________________. (leave)
琳达失望地说,当她到达火车站时,火车已经开走了。
the train had already left
3.I observed that he was very pale and asked him
_____________________________. (matter)
我发现他脸色非常苍白,问他怎么了。
what was the matter with him
4.He __________________________________________ even before
we finished our meal. (go)
甚至没等我们吃完饭,他就命令我们回去工作。
ordered/commanded us to go back to work
5.The reporter asked _______________________________________
___________________ the house prices. (measure)
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施来控制房价。
if the government would take necessary measures to control
Ⅲ语篇填空
I had just sat down to watch news when I heard a knock
on the door. A young man at the door asked 1.__________ I
was Mr Rogers. I told him that 2.____(I) name was Roger Kiser.
He replied to me he was JH-14 and that he 3.____________
(look) for Mr Rogers. I 4._____(tell) him that he must have the
wrong house. I watched as he walked away looking very sad.
if/whether
my
was looking
told
Suddenly, I thought I 5.___________ (hear) that name
somewhere 6._______. I began throwing books here and there
as I searched for where I had seen that name. I found it! I ran
outside and saw him getting into a small car. I screamed out
7.____name “Jonathon Harrell” and the young man turned
around, looking at me. Reaching him, I expressed my thanks to
him for 8._____________ (remember) me. He replied to me that
he said the same when I visited the orphanage (孤儿院) with
gifts several years ago, showing the watch I had bought him.
had heard
before
the
remembering
We talked for about ten minutes. The car blew its horn
informing us that it was time for him 9._________ (leave). Tears
rolled down my cheeks as I watched the car 10.__________
(appear).
to leave
disappear
巩固练习
一. 把下列句子变为间接引语，注意人称变化
①He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”
→He said that 　　　　　　 would go there to have a long holiday.
②She said to me，“You play basketball better than me.”
→She told me that 　　　　　　 played basketball better than her.
③“I bought this pair of shoes for my father，” Kate said.
→Kate said 　　　　　　 had bought that pair of shoes for her father.
④My father said，“I hope you will grow up to be President.”
→My father said that 　　　　　　 hoped _____________ would grow up to be President.
she
I
she
he
I
二. 把下列句子变为间接引语，注意时态变化
①He said，“I saw the film yesterday.”
→He said that he 　　　　　　　　 the film the day before.
②She said，“I have seen the film.It is good.”
→She said that she 　　　　　　　　 the film，and that it was good.
③He asked，“Is it raining？”
→He asked if it 　　　　　　　　.
had seen
had seen
was raining
④The teacher said，“I will give my students a few holidays at the end of this month.”
→The teacher promised that he 　　　　　　　　 his students a few holidays at the end of that month.
⑤“Light travels much faster than sound，” my father told me.
→My father told me 　　　　　　 light _____________ much faster than sound.
⑥“When did you come here？” she asked.
→She asked ________________________________.
would give
that
travels
me when I went there
三. 将直接引语改为间接引语
①Henry said，“I haven’t seen her today.”
→________________________________________________________________
②Helen said to me，“This happened yesterday.”
→________________________________________________________________
③Shelly said，“I arrived two days ago.”
→________________________________________________________________
Henry said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
Helen told me that had happened the day before.
Shelly said that she had arrived two days before.
四. 将直接引语变为间接宾语
①The teacher said to the boy，“Open the door，please！”
→The teacher 　　　　　　 the boy 　　　　　　 the door.
②His father said to him，“Don’t leave the window open when you are out.”
→His father 　　　　　　 him 　　　　　　 the window open when he was out.
③“Please explain why you’re late，” the boss said.
→The boss 　　　　　　 him 　　　　　　 why he was late.
told
to open
told
not to leave
asked
to explain
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He said he 　　　　　　 (not，see) his old friends for a long time.
2.My sister advised me 　　　　　　 (tidy) my room by myself.
3.The teacher said that two plus two 　　　　　　 (be) four.
4.She reported that the next Olympic Games 　　　　　　　　 (hold) in Paris in 2024.
5.While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it
　　　　　　 (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
6.As soon as he comes back，I’ll tell him when you 　　　　　　 (come) and see him.
hadn’t seen
to tidy
is
would be held
is
will come
Bye~

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