资源简介

(共20张PPT)
选择性必修二
Unit 3 Discover Useful Structure
The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时
Learning Objectives:
After this period, students should be able to:
1.understand what is the past perfect tense;
2.make sense of the usages of the past perfect tense and the past perfect passive voice;
3.distinguish the past tense and the past perfect tense;
4.apply what they have learned to practical use.
Observe and Find out
The chef had set up a farm-to-table restaurant before his new cookbook was published.
时态：过去完成时
语态：主动
结构:had done
动作：先发生
连接词
时态：一般过去时
语态：被动
结构：was/were done
动作：先发生
Their dinner had been finished by the time Sam joined them.
时态：过去完成时
语态：被动
结构：had been done
动作：先发生
连接词
时态：一般过去时
语态：主动
结构：did
动作：后发生
过去完成时的概念：
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一事件造成的某种影响或结果，用来指在另一个过去动作之前就已经完成了的动作，也就是说过去完成时表示的动作是“过去的过去”。
过去完成
一般过去
现在
将来
一、细观察，巧归纳
1.When Mr. Smith hurried to the station, the train had left.
当史密斯先生急急忙忙赶到车站时，火车已经离开了。
2.When the firefighters arrived at the building, the fire had been put out.
当消防队员们到达大楼时，大火已经被扑灭了。
3.He said that his homework hadn’t been finished.
他说他的作业还没有做完。
4.Had he finished writing his composition by 10:00 this morning
今天上午10点前他的作文写完了吗？
5.How long had he waited before the bus arrived
公交车到之前他等了多久？
一、过去完成时的结构
过去完成时的 主动语态
had + done
过去完成时的 被动语态
had + been done
过去完成时的 否定句 had not done
had not been done
过去完成时的 一般疑问句 Had +主语+done +其它
Had +主语+been done+其它？
过去完成时的 特殊疑问句 疑问词+had+主语+done+其它？
疑问词+had+主语+been done+其它？
二、细观察，巧归纳
1.He had finished his homework before his mother got home.
他妈妈到家之前他已经完成了作业。
2.He went to Beijing with his wife last week.
上周他和妻子去了北京。
3. He was with his son seeing an English movie last week this time.
上周此时他和儿子看了一部英文电影。
4.When Li Hui got to the classroom, the class had been on for half an hour.
当李辉赶到教室时，已经上课半个小时了。
二、过去完成时与一 般过去时的区别
时态 结构 用法
一般过去时 主动：did/was/were
动作发生在过去的某个时间
被动：was/were done
过去完成时 主动： had done
动作发生在过去的某个动作/时间之前
被动：had been done
三、细观察，巧归纳
She had been ill for a week before she came back.
在回来之前，她已经生病一周了。
She has been ill for a week.
她已经生病一周了。
总结：
现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作，句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语；而过去完成时表示的是过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作，句中可以有表示过去特定时间的状语。
四、细观察，巧归纳
1.After he had finished his homework,he watched TV.
完成作业后他才看电视。
2.By nine o’clock last night, they had finished two-thirds of the project.
到昨晚9点为止，他们已经完成了工程的三分之二。
3.Before he got to the destination, his classmates had rested for half an hour.
当他到达目的地时，他的同学已经休息休息了半个小时。
4.By the end of last month, he had travelled to 15 countries.
到上个月末为止，他已经去过15个国家。
5.By the time his mother came back home, he had prepared the dinner.
他妈妈回家时，他已经做好了饭。
四、总结归纳：
句子中含有以下短语时，句子的谓语动词常用过去完成时：
1.before(连词/介词) + 过去的时间点 “在...之前”
2.by +过去的时间点 “到...为止”
3.by the end of +过去的时间点 “到...为止”
4.by the time +(一般过去时) “到...为止”
五、细观察，巧归纳
1.He said that he had been to Beijing couples of times.
他说他去过北京好几次。
2.It was said that the novel had been translated into several foreign languages.
据说该小说被翻译成了几种外语。
3.Before his mother got home, he had prepared the dinner.
在他妈妈到家前，他已经做好了晚饭。
归纳：
如果两个发生在过去的动作有前后顺序，发生在前的用“过去完成时”，发生在后的用 ”一般过去时”。
六、细观察，巧归纳
1.We had hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang.
我们刚刚坐下用晚餐，电话就响了。
2.He had scarcely put the phone down when the doorbell rang.
他刚放下电话，门铃就响了。
3.She had no sooner said it than she burst into tears.
她刚一说完，泪水便夺眶而出。
4.It was the first time that he had given a speech in public.
那是他第一次在公共场合做演讲。
归纳：
在下列固定句型中，要使用过去完成时：
...had hardly done... when...
...had scarcely done...when...
...had no sooner done...than...
}
刚...就...
It/This/That was ...time that ...had done
...第...次做...
细观察，巧归纳
1.I had thought he knew the truth,so I didn’ tell him.
我原以为他已经知道真相了，所以没有告诉他。
2.He hadn’t intended to tell him the truth, but he just let it slip.
他本不想告诉他真相的，但还是不小心说漏了嘴。
3.I hadn’t meant to hurt you.
我不是有意伤害你的。
4.He had planned to leave today,but he had his passport lost.
他本打算今天走的，但是他的护照丢了。
归纳：
had thought that...(本以为)，had intended to do(本打算)， hadn’t meant to do（本不想，本无意），had planned to do( 原计划)等，用来强调在过去某个时间点之前就已经存在的但没有实现的想法或计划。
趁热打铁
Put the following sentences into English.
1.他说他已经见过老师了。
2.我话都没说完她就匆忙离开了。
3.我原本要去的，但是我来了一个朋友。
4.比赛刚开始就下起雨了。
5.到上月末为止，他已经完成了项目的三分之二。
6.那是他第一次和外国人用英语交谈。
Suggested answers:
1.He said that he had visited his teacher.
2.She had left hurriedly before I finished speaking.
3.I had planned to go, but a friend of mine came.
4.The match had scarcely/hardly begun when it started to rain.
The match had no sooner begun than it started to rain.
5.I had finished two-thirds of the project by the end of last month.
6.That was the first time that he had talked with a foreigner in English.
THANKS!

展开更多......

收起↑