资源简介

(共30张PPT)
Unit 4 Exploring poetry
Grammar and Usage(非谓语动词做主语、宾语、表语)
1. To cook Chinese food is not easy.
2. My first thought at mealtimes was to eat at a restaurant.
3. Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was
teaching when the floor began to shake.
4. We can always expect him to help us.
5. I was staying in Atlanta, and that was one of the cities to be hit.
6. That morning, I turned on the TV for some local news, only to
hear that a hurricane was on its way.
To-infinitives in sentences from previous units
主语
表语
宾语
定语
状语
宾语补足语
Overview of to-infinitives, verb-ing and verb-ed forms
Verb-ing forms in sentences from previous units
1. Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit.
2. It was surprising then to see so many people viewing important and precious artworks through their smartphones.
3. I hear someone playing the piano in the next room.
4. The people talking there are my friends.
5. Walking along the street, I saw an old friend.
6. He played so well that everyone enjoyed listening to his music.
主语
表语
宾语补足语
定语
状语
宾语
Overview of to-infinitives, verb-ing and verb-ed forms
Verb-ed forms in sentences from previous units
1. I was amazed to see all the paintings.
2. The road is covered with fallen leaves.
3. Seen from the top of the mountain the river looks like a dragon.
4. I have never heard this song sung in English.
表语
定语
状语
宾语补足语
Overview of to-infinitives, verb-ing and verb-ed forms
非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能单独做谓语
非谓语动词通常指to do、doing 和done
非谓语动词
1.什么是非谓语动词
意义 相同点
to do
doing
done
目的、将来、结果
主动、进行、修饰物
被动、完成、修饰人
1）有固定搭配
2）可以作表语、定语、状语、补语
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
She got off the bus, (leave) her handbag on her seat.
2. 非谓语动词在什么条件下使用？
She got off the bus, but (leave) her handbag on her seat.
left
leaving
非谓语动词
谓语动词的功能
形式 功能
主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
To do
动词-ing
动词-ed
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
The car to be bought is for his sister.
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.
Tips
To do 和doing形式都可以用作______，有时可用__________ 代替，此时主语置于________ 。
→It will be dangerous to play with fire .
非谓语作主语
To do & doing
Pretending to know what you do not know is no good.
→ It is no good pretending to know what you do not know.
To play with fire will be dangerous.
主语
形式主语it
句末
It is a shame to litter.
It is necessary for us to protect the earth for the future generations.
It is very kind of you to help with my English.
It took the Chinese a long time to explore the space.
It makes me relaxed to know that I have passed the exam.
it 作为形式主语时，常见句型：
It + be + n. + to do sth
It + be +adj. + ( for sb) to do sth ( adj 修饰物）
It + be +adj. + ( of sb) to do sth ( adj 修饰人）
It takes (sb) time/money to do sth
It makes sb +adj. + to do sth
To do
你为我们做了这么多美味的菜真的是太好了。
　It is nice ____ you _______ so many tasty dishes for us.
对于我们来说，学会如何做饭还是很有用的。
　It is useful _____ us .
今天花了我两个小时来清理房间。
It takes me 2 hours to clean the room.
to learn how to cook
for
to make
of
Practice
It is worthwhile doing... 做......是值得的
It is ________/_________ doing... 做......无用的
It is __________ doing ... 做......是没有好处的
It is __________________ ... 做......是浪费时间的
no use useless
no good
a waste of time
doing
You can’t imagine what situation I am faced with, so it is no use _________ (tell) me not to worry.
(改错)I think it is no use cry about your exam result now.
试图改变他的主意是浪费时间。
cry改为crying
Practice
telling
It is a waste of time trying to change his mind.
eg Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火是危险的。(泛指玩火这件事情)
To play with fire will be dangerous.
玩火将很危险。(指某一具体动作)
doing形式作主语表示_____/_______/________行为；
to do作主语往往表示_______/________/_________动作。
一般的 抽象的 习惯性的
具体的 一次性的 特指的
To do & doing作主语的区别
非谓语作宾语
在afford, agree, arrange, choose, desire, expect, fail, hope, intend, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等动词后，常接to do宾语。
eg Mike offered to help me.
Tom promised to go with me.
To do
eg I considered going to se him in person.
Everyone burst out laughing.
动词：like, enjoy, avoid, consider, advise, suggest, mind, keep等
介词：by, after 等
短语：be capable of doing(有能力做…)， get down to doing， have trouble in doing， be used to doing（习惯做某事）, be busy doing等
doing 跟在____，_____和_________之后做宾语，如continue，before，get tired of等
动词
介词
短语
doing
在remember, forget, regret, try, mean等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语，doing形式表示动作已经发生; to do表示动作还没发生
to do sth. 记得去做某事
doing sth. 记得做过某事
remember
forget
to do sth. 忘记去做某事
doing sth. 忘记做过某事
regret
to do sth. 对即将做的事表示遗憾
doing sth. 对做过的事表示后悔
To do& doing作宾语的区别
try
to do sth. 设法做某事
doing sth. 试着做某事
mean
to do sth. 打算(想要)做某事
doing sth. 意味着(要)做某事
stop
to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另一事
doing sth. 停止做某事
eg I remember seeing him before.
我记得曾经见过他。
Remember to tell him about it.
记得把这件事告诉他。
I now regret telling the lie.
我现在后悔说谎了。
I regret to tell you the bad news.
我很遗憾告诉你这个坏消息。
Would you mind _________ (turn) down your radio a little, please
Yesterday, I had difficulty/trouble in __________ (hunt) for some important information on the Internet.
He stopped___________( smoke) , have a rest, and eat dessert.
Bill suggested ________ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold
turning
hunting
to smoke
C
Practice
一是： be
两似乎：seem, appear
三保持：keep, stay, remain
四变得：become, get, turn, go
五感觉：look, smell, taste, sound, feel
六证明：prove
linking verbs
非谓语作表语
非谓语作表语
To do表语，说明主语所指的内容，还可以表示将来，可以带逻辑主语。
动词不定式作表语，有的情况下to可以省略，即前有do后无to。
eg My purpose is to help them.
My hope is for all members to come together.
All I did was (to) give him a little push.
To do
doing =adj，修饰物，“令人…的”
=n. 表示主语的内容
done =adj. 修饰人，“感到…的”
表示主语所处的状态
The book was so _________ (interest)that he almost forgot the time.
He is very __________ (concern)with the matter.
doing & done
interesting
concerned
Practice
To do & doing均可作表语，解释或说明主语的具体内容，两者常可换用，但需要注意主语与表语的一致性。
如果表示某种结果、不幸的命运或预言，或表示"同意；命令；决定；劝告"等意，则往往用to do作表语。
To do & doing
　　
My work is looking after / to look after the children.
To live is to do something worthwhile.
=Living is doing something worthwhile.
The important thing is to save lives. 　　
You are to hand in the exercises tomorrow.
However, cooking seems (be)challenging for me.
His ambition is _____________ (become) a successful scientist when he graduates.
What we can do is ____________ (ensure) that all people have access to a complete diet, not just those in the wealthy parts of the world but everywhere in the world.
to be
to become
(to) ensure
Practice
1. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. (2020年新课标全国卷I)
2. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ________ (find) the well-known painter.
…And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ____________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. (2020年新课标全国卷III)
to find
to find
surrounding
4. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or __________ (walk) through a rainforest.
(2020年全国新高考I卷)
5. Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________ (change) lives.
…Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and in dry areas, __________ (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields. (2020浙江卷)
walking
to change
making
1. Romantic poets experimented with new poetic forms. They were particularly interested in it.
Romantic poets were particularly __________________________
______________________.
2. Romantic poets often mentioned the effect of beauty on the poet’s imagination when they described natural scenes.
Romantic poets often mentioned the effect of beauty on the poet’s imagination when _______________________.
3. Poems that focus on nature often stress the moment of inspiration.
Poems _________________ often stress the moment of
inspiration.
with new poetic forms
describing natural scenes
focusing on nature
B1
Rewrite the following sentences using to-infinitives, verb-ing or verb-ed forms.
interested in experimenting
4. Many Romantic poems are filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes, and contain rich sensory details.
_______________________________________________, many Romantic poems contain rich sensory details.
5. Since Romantic poets were highly colourful and independent individuals, finding concerns common to all of them is sometimes difficult.
Since Romantic poets were all highly colourful and independent individuals, it is sometimes difficult______________________________.
Filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes
to find concerns common to all of them
B1
Rewrite the following sentences using to-infinitives, verb-ing or verb-ed forms.
Born in 1770, William Wordsworth was one of the (1) _______(lead) poets of the
Romantic movement in England. (2) _______ (grow) up in the beautiful Lake
District, Wordsworth had a childhood that was perfect for a developing poet.
(3) __________ (educate) at Cambridge, Wordsworth received his degree in 1791.
He spent a lot of time (4) ______(tour) in Europe. Travelling obviously provided
Wordsworth with plenty of ideas for his poems. In 1795, he met Samuel Taylor
Coleridge and the two talented young men became close friends. (5) _______ (meet)
Coleridge had a huge impact on Wordsworth. Lyrical Ballads, a collection of poems
(6) _______ (write) together with Coleridge, was Wordsworth’s first great work.
It was published in 1798 and marked the start of the Romantic era in poetry.
Wordsworth explained that they wanted to write poetry that ordinary people could
use (7) ________ (express) their feelings. Many of the poems in the collection
were about returning to nature. Like other Romantics, Wordsworth preferred
(8) ___________ (live) in the country rather than in the city.
B2
Below is an article about the English poet William plete the article with the correct to-infinitives, verb-ing or verb-ed forms of the verbs in the brackets.
leading
Growing
Educated
touring
Meeting
written
to express
to live/living
Thank you!

展开更多......

收起↑