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(共34张PPT)
Unit 2
Unit 2
第3课时 (Section A 4a-4d)
人教版·八年级下册
Stay Healthy
Stay Healthy
Review and say
What’s the matter
with Helen
What advice does the doctor give Helen
runny nose
fever
flu
take some medicine and drink enough water
rest at home
wear a mask
4a
Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice.
What’s wrong I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much
next time.
What’s the matter I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now.
How did you hurt yourself I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.
Presentation
What rules can you find out
情态动词should，could 后接动词原形，
无人称和数的变化。
should，could 不能单独作谓语，只能和
其他动词一起构成谓语。
否定形式是在其后加not；变为一般疑
问句时，将should，could 提到主语前。
情态动词should和could的用法
情态动词should和could的用法
should的用法
（1）用于委婉地提出建议或劝告，意为“应该”
You should have three meals a day on time.
你应该按时吃一日三餐。
（2）用于表达义务或责任，意为“应该；应当”
Each of us should study hard.
我们每个人都应该努力学习。
（3）表示推测，意为“应该会；可能”
Doing calligraphy should be interesting.
练习书法应该会很有趣。
（4）用于责备、命令或要求，语气比较强烈。
You shouldn’t be scared of making mistakes.
你不应该害怕犯错。
（5）用于征求对方的意见，意为“应该；
应当”，常用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中。
What should we do now
我们现在应该做什么呢？
should的用法
could的用法
（1）表示建议。 You could eat out tonight.
今晚你可以上馆子吃饭。
（2）用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可。
Could you take out the rubbish 你能倒垃圾吗？（提出请求）
Could I go on an outing with you
我可以和你一起出外游玩吗？（征求对方许可）
could的用法
（3）could 为can 的过去式，表示能力。
He could ride a bike at the age of five.
他五岁时就会骑自行车。
（4）表示推测，意为“可能”。
The book could belong to Lily because she likes reading books.
那本书可能是莉莉的，因为她喜欢读书。
（连云港中考）
Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We _______ learn to protect ourselves.
解析：might 意为“也许”；should 意为“应该”；could 意为“能；可以”；would 意为“愿意；将”。结合常识可知句意为“地震可能非常危险。我们应该学会保护自己。”情态动词should符合语境。故选B。
A. might B. should C. could D. would
B
（2025·白银）
_____ you turn down the TV, please I’m trying to work.
解析：could 意为“能；可以”；must 意为“必须”；might 意为“也许”；should 意为“应该”。根据后一句句意“我正在努力工作。”可知，前一句是请求对方把电视音量调低，could 符合语境。故选A。
A. Could B. Must C. Might D. Should
A
4a
Read the sentences. Circle the reflexive pronouns.
What’s wrong I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much
next time.
What’s the matter I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now.
How did you hurt yourself I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time.
If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.
What rules can you find out
反身代词
反身代词
反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。有人称和数之分。它由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格形式在词尾加-self 或-selves 构成。具体见下表：
数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己
itself 它自己
复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves
他（她、它）们自己
用法
反身代词与它所指的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称或数上保持一致。
（1）作动词（短语）的宾语或介词的宾语
She taught herself English. 她自学了英语。
They should learn to look after themselves. 他们应该学着照顾自己。
The little boy went to school by himself. 那个小男孩自己去上学了。
（2）作同位语
反身代词常用作主语或宾语的同位语，用于强调。
He himself built the house. 他自己建造了那座房子。
You should go and ask Tom himself.你应该去问问汤姆本人。
（3）作表语
反身代词可放在be，feel，seem，look 等系动词后作表语，用来描述身体或精神方面的感觉或状态。
Just be yourself. 做好你自己。
短语
hurt oneself 伤到自己
teach oneself/learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
by oneself 独自；单独
help oneself (to) ... 随便吃/喝……
come to oneself 苏醒
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
look after oneself 照顾自己
talk to oneself 自言自语
believe in oneself 相信自己
（2025·眉山）
—Mum, could you please help me wash my clothes
—Harry, you are a teen now. You can do it by y_______.
解析：by oneself 意为“独自；单独”，是固定搭配。由句意“—妈妈，你能帮我洗下衣服吗？—哈里，你现在是个青少年了。你可以 _________ 做了。”可知，此处要用“你自己”。故填yourself。
ourself
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. When we read books in the library, we should _______ (keep)
quiet there.
2. It’s cold today. I plan to buy a cup of hot coffee to warm ______
(I).
3. We ________ (can) see the stars clearly from our yard when we
lived in the countryside.
4. The summer vacation is coming and it is a good time to improve
________ (we) in studies.
5. How beautiful the newly-built park is! Visitors can enjoy
_________ (they) when coming there.
keep
myself
could
ourselves
themselves
Practice
按要求完成句子，每空一词（含缩略词）。
1. Lisa should put some medicine on the cut.（改为否定句）
Lisa ________ ________ any medicine on the cut.
2. They could plant some flowers in the garden to make it
beautiful.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
— ________ they ________ any flowers in the garden to
make it beautiful
—Yes, _________ _________.
shouldn’t put
Could
plant
they could/can
3. You should arrive at the park at 8:00 a.m.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ I ________ at the park
4. Sally could do calligraphy very well last year.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ Sally ________ very well last year
5. 当你自己写不完这个故事时，为什么不向老师求助呢？
(汉译英)
Why not ask your teacher for help when you can’t finish
writing the story ________ _________
When should
arrive
What could
do
by yourself
根据短文内容，选择恰当的情态动词填空或在空白处填入恰当的反身代词，使短文完整、通顺。
It was the day of the football game. Alex woke up with a bad headache and a sore throat. He still wanted to play, but he found 1. ________ feeling worse and worse. He tried to stand up and get his football shoes, but he 2. ________ (shouldn’t/ couldn’t) even take two steps.
Mum said, “You can’t play football like this. You 3. ______ (can/should) stay in bed and have a rest.”
himself
couldn’t
should
“Did I catch a cold What will happen if I absent 4. ______ from the football game ” Alex thought.
Mum took his temperature and said, “Oh, you have a fever. You 5. _____ (should/may) be infected (感染) with the flu virus.”
“That’s too bad. What can I do to feel better ” Alex asked.
“You 6. ________ (might/should) take some medicine and drink lots of water,” Mum said. “You can make 7. ________ some hot tea with honey when I go to work. That will be good for your throat.”
myself
may
should
yourself
“I see, Mum,” Alex said. “But how can I avoid catching a cold in the future ”
Mum replied, “You 8. _______ (should/might) wash your hands before eating. And you 9. ________ (needn’t/shouldn’t) use your dirty hands to touch your eyes, nose or mouth.”
“I’ll remember that,” Alex said.
Mum was about to leave for work when Alex called out, “Mum, 10. ________ (should/could) you please help me get a blanket It’s a bit cold in bed.” Mum said, “Of course. And you 11. _______ (could/might) call me at noon if you feel even worse—I’ll come back to check on you then.”
should
shouldn’t
could
could
4b
Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns.
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by __________.
2. Be careful when you’re using the knife! Don’t cut __________.
3. After taking the safety training, we can enjoy __________ in
the mountains.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to
be a doctor _________.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _________.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _________, but the
terrible pain in her legs the next day.
herself
yourself
ourselves
himself
themselves
itself
4c
Complete the passage with should, shouldn’t, or could.
Mobile phones are useful, but you _______ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you _______ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What’s more, you _______ change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you ________ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly ________ look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you _______ avoid using your phone too often. You _______ listen to music instead of watching videos. You _______ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages.
should
should
could
shouldn’t
shouldn’t
should
could
could
4d
Act out an illness or injury. Have the others guess what it is and give advice.
Do you have a sore throat / bad cold/ ...
Did you fall from your bike / cut yourself/...
You should/ could/ shouldn’t...
Production
同伴合作或小组合作完成
Acting
Pronunciation
Fluency
Possible version
Do you have a sore throat
No, I don’t.
Did you fall from your bike yesterday
Yes. My right leg hurts.
You should get an X-ray and have a good rest for a few days.
Language points
P15 4a I fell off my bike.
fall
/f l/
1
（动词）掉落；跌倒 过去式：fell
fall off 从……掉下来 fall down 跌倒；倒塌
（动词）进入（某状态） 过去式：fell
fall asleep 入睡 fall in love with 爱上
fall into 落入
（名词）（美式）秋天
in the fall/autumn 在秋季
2
3
P15 4c … try and match your environment …
match
/m t /
1
（动词）适应；符合
◇ Chameleons match the environment by changing their colour. 变色龙通过改变体色来适应环境。
2
（动词）相配
◇ I need a tie to match my suit.
我需要一条领带来配我的西装。
3
（名词）比赛；竞赛
◇ a football match 一场足球比赛
P15 4c … instead of sending them messages.
辨析：instead of与instead
两者都可意为“代替”。区别如下：
instead of 介词短语 位于句首或句中，后接名词、代词或
动词-ing形式
instead 副词 常位于句首或句末，修饰整个句子
串记：We shouldn’t use plastic bags. Instead, we should take our own bags. Besides, we should also walk instead of driving to the supermarket．
P15 边学边记
look at 看 far away 远处
what’s more 更有甚者；更为重要的是
of course 当然 go to bed 上床睡觉cross the road 过马路
in fact 确切地说；实际上
Summary
情态 动词should和could should的用法 用于委婉地提出建议或劝告，意为“应该”
用于表达义务或责任，意为“应该；应当”
表示推测，意为“应该会；可能”
用于责备、命令或要求，语气比较强烈。
用于征求对方的意见，意为“应该；应当”
could的用法 表示建议。
用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可。
could 为can 的过去式，表示能力。
表示推测，意为“可能”。
modal verbs (情态动词)
reflexive pronouns (反身代词)
反身代词 构成 由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格形式在词尾加-self 或-selves 构成
用法 1. 作动词（短语）的宾语或介词的宾语
2. 作同位语：反身代词常用作主语或宾语的同位语，用于强调。
3. 作表语：反身代词可放在be，feel，seem，look 等系动词后作表语，用来描述身体或精神方面的感觉或状态。
短语 hurt oneself 伤到自己 teach oneself/learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 过得愉快 by oneself 独自；单独
help oneself (to) ... 随便吃/喝…… come to oneself 苏醒
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 look after oneself 照顾自己
talk to oneself 自言自语 believe in oneself 相信自己
Homework
Review the modal verbs for advice.
Review the usage of reflexive pronouns.
Do some related exercises.

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