资源简介

(共137张PPT)
Lesson 51
Predicting the future
本课重点
词汇 notorious, software, user-friendly
句型 Who could have imagined …
commonly known …
WORDS
notorious adj.
famous or well known for something bad
be notorious for sth. /doing sth.
be notorious as sth.
The bar has become notorious as a meeting-place for drug dealers.
众所周知，他的行为粗鲁不堪。
He is notorious for his rude behavior.
统计数字是出了名的不可靠
Statistics can be notoriously unreliable.
英国的足球迷出了名的嗜酒。
English soccer fans are notorious for their drunkenness.
这个课程出了名的难。
The program is notoriously difficult to learn.
mainframe n.
a large powerful computer that can work very fast and that a lot of people can use at the same time
full-time adj.
for all the hours of a week during which it is usual for people to work, study etc.
She works full-time and has two kids.
这个系列的成功使得她能够全职专注于写作。
The success of the series enabled her to concentrate full-time on writing.
technician n.
someone whose job is to check equipment or machines and make sure that they are working properly
技师
software n.
the sets of programs that tell a computer how to do a particular job
word-processing software
a software company
India’s software industry barely existed 15 years ago but is growing rapidly today.
IBM
International Business Machines
DOS
Disk Operating System
Microsoft n.
a US company which is one of the world’s largest and most important producers of computer software. It is known especially for its Windows operating system, which is used on most personal computers, for Microsoft Word, a popular word-processing program, and for Internet Explorer, a popular program for searching the Internet. The company was started by Bill Gates.
推荐电影：
Pirates of
Silicon Valley
user-friendly adj.
easy to use, understand, or operate
multimedia adj.
using several different methods of giving information, for example using television, newspapers, books, and computers
alternative adj.
an alternative idea, plan etc. is different from the one you have and can be used instead
For vegetarian guests there is an alternative menu.
diagnose v.
to find out what illness someone has, or what the cause of a fault is , after doing tests, examinations etc.
be diagnosed with sth/as sth/ adj./noun
Joe struggled in school before he was diagnosed (as/with) dyslexic.
诵读困难症
If cancer is diagnosed in its early stages, it can be cured.
relieve v.
to reduce someone’s pain or unpleasant feelings
减轻
Some people eat for comfort, to relieve their anxieties.
经常锻炼可以减轻压力和焦虑。
Regular exercise can relieve depression and anxiety.
accountant n.
someone whose job is to keep and check financial accounts, calculate taxes etc.
repetitive adj.
done many times in the same way, and boring
As children we suffered through schoolwork that was dull and repetitive.
clerical adj.
relating to office work, especially work such as keeping records or accounts
办公室工作人员
clerical workers
the Internet n.
access the Internet
connect to the Internet
network n.
a set of computers that are connected to each other so that they can share information
US companies have invested heavily in their telecommunications networks.
primitive
belong to a very simple society with no industry, etc.
原始的，发展早期的
原始部落
Primitive tribes
原始的本能
a primitive instinct
launch
v. to make a product available to the public for the first time
(首次）上市，发行
a party to launch his latest novel
他新小说的首发式
新型号产品将在7月推出。
The new model will be launched in July.
humble
having a low rank or social position
（级别的或地位）地下的，卑微的
A man of humble birth/origins
出身低微的人
一位小店主的女儿
The daughter of humble shopkeeper
dismiss:
to decide that sb/sth is not important and not worth thinking or talking about
不予考虑；摒弃；对…不屑一提
dismiss sb/sth.
我认为我们我对他们的异议完全可以不予理会。
I think we can safely dismiss their objections.
WORD DRILL
full-time adj.
mainframe n.
notoriously adv.
technician n.
software n.
DOS
Microsoft n.
user-friendly adj.
multimedia adj.
alternative adj.
diagnose v.
Internet n.
relieve v.
accountant n.
network n.
clerical adj.
repetitive adj.
LISTENING
TEXT
1
Predicting the future is notoriously difficult.
1
Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people’s homes as TV sets
仿写
在1990年代，谁能想象今天的手机就像一双鞋一样便宜？
仿写
Who could have imagined, in 1990s, that cell phones would be as cheap as a pair of shoes
4
In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations. These were the so-called mainframe machines.
In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations. These were the so-called mainframe machines.
Some so-called 'modern' pieces have been on display for nearly eighty years.
Lesson 18
7
Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.
Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.
复习occupy
A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car.
Lesson 26
Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.
空调
air-conditioning n.
air-conditioner n. 机器
air-conditioned adj.
Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.
run on sth. 在……上运行
This software will run on any PC.
Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.
The book, ________ (write) in 1957, tells of the struggle of the miners.
The substance, ________(discover) almost by accident, has revolutionized medicine.
Our farm machinery industry,_____ (start) from scratch, has made great strides, too.
仿写
汽车并不是很友好，它常常需要占据大量的地方去停泊，消耗大量的化石燃料，而且还会导致大城市中严重的交通拥堵。
Automobiles are very unfriendly indeed, often requiring large space to park, consuming considerable amount of fossil fuels and accounting for major traffic jams in big cities.
8
Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.
Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.
take sth. over: to take control of sth.
格林先生退休后，由他的儿子接管了生意。
When Mr. Green retired, his son took over the business from him.
Larger companies are taking over smaller firms by buying their shares.
Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.
Sodium chloride is more commonly known as
salt.
14个人被诊断出感染了一种被称为猪瘟的病毒。
14 people were diagnosed with the virus, commonly known as swine flu.
Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.
10
In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.
In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.
复习：primitive
They have found that it is connected with the passage of days and the phases of the moon. It is, in fact, a primitive type of calendar.
Lesson 38
In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.
Altair 8800
Software: Microsoft BASIC
10
It can properly be described as the first ‘home computer’ and it pointed the way to the future.
11
This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple.
This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple.
Apple-1, is a personal computer released by the Apple Computer Company in 1976. They were designed and hand-built by Steve Wozniak. Wozniak's friend Steve Jobs had the idea of selling the computer.
Apple II computer
12
In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world’s first Personal Computer.
In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world’s first Personal Computer.
giant: a very large company
IBM Personal Computer
13
This ran on an ‘operating system’ called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft.
This ran on an ‘operating system’ called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft.
An operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is an essential component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs usually require an operating system to function.
14
The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied.
14
From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today.
From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today.
humble: having a low rank or social class
Eton College had originally provided a good education for children of humble backgrounds.
Scientists say the humble potato may be the key to feeding the world's fast-growing population.
14
From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today.
16
Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today.
Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today.
复习considering
Considering the amount she paid, he was dear in more ways than one!
Lesson 19
想到她所花的那笔钱，她的心疼就具有双重意义了。
Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays.
Lesson 25
但考虑到路上的多次耽搁，这个成绩已经很不容易了
Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today.
复习as long ago as
As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
Lesson 14
早在14世纪，英国人约翰 霍克伍德爵士就有过非凡的发现：人们情缘拿出大笔的钱，也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手。
Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to ‘think’ for themselves and would ‘rule the world’, which people liked to believe in those days.
dismiss: to refuse to consider someone’s idea, opinion etc, because you think it is not serious, true, or important
18
The government has dismissed criticisms that the country’s health policy is a mess.
19
Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work.
仿写：
我希望我可以生活在这样一个时代，学校会把创新能力置于通过考试的读写能力之上；公司会为了社会进步而做出最大的贡献，而不是单单追求商业利润；恋人们彼此重视信任，激情以及承诺，而不是物质财富；我们每一个人可以更多地享受生活，而不仅仅是为了生存。
I wish I could live in a time when school prioritizes creativity over literacy to pass exams, when companies pursue maximum dedication to the progress of the society rather than sheer commercial profits, when lovers value trust, passion and commitment more than monetary gains, when each and every one of us can spend most of our days on enjoyment instead of survival of our lives.
19
Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work.
22
All these computer uses have become commonplace.
偷自行车在大学里很平常。
Bicycle thefts are commonplace in universities.
器官移植现在已经很平常了。
Organ transplants are now commonplace.
23
Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide system that enables us to communicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers linked to telephone networks.
仿写
当然了，Martin Lawrence Cooper 根本没可能预测到手机的发展, 就是通过围绕地球运转的通信卫星，能够使我们与世界上任何一个地方的人进行联系的流行设备。
Of course, Martin Lawrence Cooper could not possibly have foreseen the development of mobile phones, the popular device that enables us to connect to anyone in any part of the world by using satellites orbiting the earth.
v
25
Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to.
27
Computers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper. This is what makes Leon Bagrit’s predictions particularly remarkable.
仿写
人们日益花费更多的时间在社交网络上，这就是Meta的成功之处。
仿写
People spend more and more time on social networks. This is what makes Meta particularly remarkable.
28
If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.
SUMMARY WRITING
参考答案
According to Bagrit, computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, and they would be able to provide information about traffic jams and suggest alternative routes. They would be used to help doctors diagnose illnesses, and in business would relieve office workers of dull, repetitive work. However, he failed to predict the use of the Internet as a vehicle of communication or a source of information. But as predicted, computers have become smaller, more powerful and cheaper.

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