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专题三　代词(3年6考)
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性 物主代词
第一 人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二 人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三 人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
1. 人称代词主格通常作主语，宾格常作宾语和表语。
2. 形容词性物主代词用于名词前作定语，不能单独使用；当表示强调时，形容词性物主代词与own连用，表示“某人自己的”。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，具有名词的特征，须单独使用。
3. 反身代词可作宾语、表语和同位语。反身代词常见短语：
teach oneself＝learn by oneself自学　　　　help oneself 随便吃
by oneself独自地，单独 dress oneself自己穿衣服
enjoy oneself玩得开心 lose oneself迷路
注：多个人称代词同时出现的顺序：单数是you, he/she and I；复数是we, you and they。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Helping other people will make us feel good. Perhaps we can help 1. (we) brothers or sisters with their homework. Besides, we can wash a neighbor's car. It's useful to get along with him or 2. (she). It may only take a few minutes, but it can make a big difference to 3. (they) life.
Charities in the communities work hard to raise money and help more people. And we can collect old things and give 4. (they) to people who are in need. Sharing our kindness through small actions can also warm people. For example, we can make a meal for parents by 5. (we). Let's act now!
指示代词
1．this/these与that/those
单数 复数 用法 例句
this these 指在空间和时间上较近的事物 This city is very beautiful.
that those 指在空间和时间上较远的事物 Those are my favorite flowers.
注：在电话用语中，称呼自己用this，称呼对方用that。如：
—Who's that, please
—Hello! This is Bob speaking.
2．it、one、that作代词的区别
代词 用法 例句
it 指上文提到过的事物(同类同物) This room is mine. It is small but tidy.
one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个(同类不同物) The dresses are pretty, and I want to buy one.
that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数，如果指代可数名词复数要用those，避免重复 ◇The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong. ◇The trees outside the yard are taller than those inside.
3．多功能it的用法
用法 例句
当对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看(听)不出来时，常用it代替和当时某一事件、某一动作相关的那个人 Look at the baby! It's lovely！
表示时间、天气、季节、距离等 It's an hour's walk from my home to the school.
用于上文提及的内容 You mustn't play on the road.It's dangerous.
用作形式主语，常用于“It's＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”“It takes/took sb.…to do…”“It's time to do sth./for sth.”“It's one's turn to do sth.”“It seems that…”等句型中 ◇It's important for us to keep the water clean. ◇It took me a week to finish reading the book.
用作形式宾语，常用于“sb.＋动词＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型中，与之搭配的动词有find、think、make、consider、feel等 He found it not easy to learn a language well.
one　 these　 it　 those
6.These are my pens, Jane. Are your pens on that desk
7．Look at nice flowers. Grandma often waters them.
8．Where did you buy the watch I want to get .
9．I find hard for me to make new friends because of my shyness.
不定代词
1．不定代词的判定
(1)根据定义判断：不指明代替任何特定名词的代词。如：somebody，anything。
(2)根据用法判断：既可以置于名词前，又可以指代名词。如：many boys，all of you。
2．普通不定代词的辨析
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
some, any (1)都是“一些”的意思，都可以修饰或指代可数名词或不可数名词 (2)some多用于肯定句中；any多用于否定句、疑问句中 (3)表示请求、邀请或征求意见的问句，通常要用 some而不用any ◇Tom has books. ◇Do you have questions ◇He doesn't have pens. ◇Would you like to have water？
few, a few (1)few修饰或指代可数名词复数，表示否定 (2)a few修饰或指代可数名词复数，表示肯定 ◇He has friends. ◇He has friends.
little, a little (1)little修饰或指代不可数名词，表示否定 (2)a little修饰或指代不可数名词，表示肯定 ◇There is water. ◇There is still water left.
many, much (1)many修饰或指代可数名词复数 (2)much修饰或指代不可数名词 ◇ boys are interested in e－games. ◇The toy cost money.
both, either， neither (1)both 指两者都 (2)either指两者中的任意一个(修饰或指代可数名词单数) (3)neither指两者都不(修饰或指代可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数) ◇He is blind in eyes. ◇There're no trees on side of the river. ◇ answer is right.
all, none (1)all指三者或三者以上都，可修饰或指代可数名词复数和不可数名词 (2)none指三者或三者以上都不(作主语时，多与of构成短语none of，谓语动词用单复数均可)；既可指人又可指物 ◇Are they students ◇ of the films is/are nice.
each, every (1)each 指两者或两者以上，侧重于个体 (2)every指三者或三者以上，侧重整体；不能单独使用，只有与名词连用或构成复合词时，才能作主语和宾语 ◇There are trees on side of the road. ◇ child enjoys the Spring Festival.
another， other， others， the other, the others (1)another“又一；另外的”，既可作形容词又可作代词 (2)other“另外/其他一些”，后接名词 (3)others“另外/其他一些人或物”，后不接名词 (4)the other表示“两者/部分中的另一个/部分” (5)the others＝the other＋名词复数，表示“剩余的人或物”(其后不接名词) ◇Will you sing song ◇She's ready to help people. ◇We should think of . ◇Tom has two pets. One is a dog, and is a bird. ◇I have some pens.Two of them are red, and are blue.
3. 复合不定代词
分类 some－ any－ no－ every－ 用法
人 somebody anybody nobody everybody (1)作单数，表示“某物”“某人”等 (2)在修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词之后，如：something new
someone anyone no one everyone
物 something anything nothing everything
others　　something　　either
10.I've visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don't like of them very much.
11．Some people enjoy pizza, but prefer traditional Chinese food.
12．Excuse me! May I speak to Linda I have important to tell her.
疑问代词
1．疑问代词的判定
疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词，如what、which、who、whom和whose，用于特殊疑问句中，一般放句首，并在句中充当句子成分。
2．疑问代词的用法
疑问代词 词义及用法 例句
what “什么”； 询问外貌、职业、身份等 ◇What class is he in ◇What is her father？
which “哪个；哪些”； 询问特定范围内的选择 ◇Which is better ◇Which city do you like best
who “谁(主格)”； 询问人物、身份，在句子中作主语 Who helped you with your homework？
whom “谁(宾格)”； 询问人物，在句子中作宾语 Whom did you visit last Sunday
whose “谁的”； 询问所属关系，在句子中作定语 Whose bike was lost yesterday？
注：在口语中who可以代替whom。
用合适的疑问代词完成下列句子。
13．— clothes are these
—They are those players'.
14． is the population of Guiyang
15． dress should I wear to the party
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．他发现冬天去哈尔滨旅游非常有趣。
He very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.
2．这些是你新学校的同学吗？
your classmates from your new school
3．今天轮到我拖地了。
to mop the floor today.
4．看起来今天要下雨了。
that it's going to rain today.
5．和父母进行恰当的交流是对我们有好处的。
for us to have proper communication with our parents.
6．瓶子里有一些水。
There is water in the bottle.
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．You will find happiness when you learn to accept (you) for who you are.
2．I found your lost keys. I'll bring (they) to you later.
3．Jenny can't see (something) because it is dark here.
4．The well－used ping－pong bat is hers and the red one is (I)．
5．To (we) surprise, many students choose to exercise outside at weekends instead of playing computer games.
三、完形第一节 (核心素养：思维品质)
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选择出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．something B．others C．none D．himself　E．Which　F．many
Aron Jiang is a boy with many interests.A year ago, he became interested in the Rubik's Cube(魔方)．
At first, he just learned to do the Rubik's Cube by 1. ．Later, his mother told him that an organization wanted young volunteers to give free classes to children who are interested in it, and he decided to give it a try.
Online teaching was sometimes not so easy.
Some Rubik's Cube moves were difficult to show to the students. He had to repeat them 2. times to make his students understand.But he did not give up even if he met 3. difficult.
When talking about his favorite part, he pointed out that he could teach 4. what he enjoyed, hoping that they would enjoy it, too. When being asked “5. thing do you enjoy best？”， he always said with a smile, “Teaching makes me happy.”Later, he won a national award which was both unexpected and exciting for him.
四、语言运用第二节(五育之劳育)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I took part in the labor(劳动)practice today. We were divided into several groups, and each group mainly cleaned a part of the park.1. (I) group cleaned an area near the rubbish bin. The teacher told 2. (we) to pick up all the rubbish. Everyone was very tired, but we were very happy to see the whole park get 3. (it) new look.
This experience taught 4. (I) the importance of taking action to protect the environment. We all have the responsibility to protect 5. (we) planet, and small actions like picking up rubbish can make a big difference.专题三　代词(3年6考)
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性 物主代词
第一 人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二 人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三 人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
1. 人称代词主格通常作主语，宾格常作宾语和表语。
2. 形容词性物主代词用于名词前作定语，不能单独使用；当表示强调时，形容词性物主代词与own连用，表示“某人自己的”。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，具有名词的特征，须单独使用。
3. 反身代词可作宾语、表语和同位语。反身代词常见短语：
teach oneself＝learn by oneself自学　　　　help oneself 随便吃
by oneself独自地，单独 dress oneself自己穿衣服
enjoy oneself玩得开心 lose oneself迷路
注：多个人称代词同时出现的顺序：单数是you, he/she and I；复数是we, you and they。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Helping other people will make us feel good. Perhaps we can help 1. our(we) brothers or sisters with their homework. Besides, we can wash a neighbor's car. It's useful to get along with him or 2. her(she). It may only take a few minutes, but it can make a big difference to 3. their(they) life.
Charities in the communities work hard to raise money and help more people. And we can collect old things and give 4. them(they) to people who are in need. Sharing our kindness through small actions can also warm people. For example, we can make a meal for parents by 5. ourselves(we). Let's act now!
指示代词
1．this/these与that/those
单数 复数 用法 例句
this these 指在空间和时间上较近的事物 This city is very beautiful.
that those 指在空间和时间上较远的事物 Those are my favorite flowers.
注：在电话用语中，称呼自己用this，称呼对方用that。如：
—Who's that, please
—Hello! This is Bob speaking.
2．it、one、that作代词的区别
代词 用法 例句
it 指上文提到过的事物(同类同物) This room is mine. It is small but tidy.
one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个(同类不同物) The dresses are pretty, and I want to buy one.
that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数，如果指代可数名词复数要用those，避免重复 ◇The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong. ◇The trees outside the yard are taller than those inside.
3．多功能it的用法
用法 例句
当对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看(听)不出来时，常用it代替和当时某一事件、某一动作相关的那个人 Look at the baby! It's lovely！
表示时间、天气、季节、距离等 It's an hour's walk from my home to the school.
用于上文提及的内容 You mustn't play on the road.It's dangerous.
用作形式主语，常用于“It's＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”“It takes/took sb.…to do…”“It's time to do sth./for sth.”“It's one's turn to do sth.”“It seems that…”等句型中 ◇It's important for us to keep the water clean. ◇It took me a week to finish reading the book.
用作形式宾语，常用于“sb.＋动词＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型中，与之搭配的动词有find、think、make、consider、feel等 He found it not easy to learn a language well.
one　 these　 it　 those
6.These are my pens, Jane. Are those your pens on that desk
7．Look at these nice flowers. Grandma often waters them.
8．Where did you buy the watch I want to get one.
9．I find it hard for me to make new friends because of my shyness.
不定代词
1．不定代词的判定
(1)根据定义判断：不指明代替任何特定名词的代词。如：somebody，anything。
(2)根据用法判断：既可以置于名词前，又可以指代名词。如：many boys，all of you。
2．普通不定代词的辨析
普通不定代词 辨析 例句
some, any (1)都是“一些”的意思，都可以修饰或指代可数名词或不可数名词 (2)some多用于肯定句中；any多用于否定句、疑问句中 (3)表示请求、邀请或征求意见的问句，通常要用 some而不用any ◇Tom has some books. ◇Do you have any questions ◇He doesn't have any pens. ◇Would you like to have some water？
few, a few (1)few修饰或指代可数名词复数，表示否定 (2)a few修饰或指代可数名词复数，表示肯定 ◇He has few friends. ◇He has a few friends.
little, a little (1)little修饰或指代不可数名词，表示否定 (2)a little修饰或指代不可数名词，表示肯定 ◇There is little water. ◇There is still a little water left.
many, much (1)many修饰或指代可数名词复数 (2)much修饰或指代不可数名词 ◇Many boys are interested in e－games. ◇The toy cost much money.
both, either， neither (1)both 指两者都 (2)either指两者中的任意一个(修饰或指代可数名词单数) (3)neither指两者都不(修饰或指代可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数) ◇He is blind in both eyes. ◇There're no trees on either side of the river. ◇Neither answer is right.
all, none (1)all指三者或三者以上都，可修饰或指代可数名词复数和不可数名词 (2)none指三者或三者以上都不(作主语时，多与of构成短语none of，谓语动词用单复数均可)；既可指人又可指物 ◇Are they all students ◇None of the films is/are nice.
each, every (1)each 指两者或两者以上，侧重于个体 (2)every指三者或三者以上，侧重整体；不能单独使用，只有与名词连用或构成复合词时，才能作主语和宾语 ◇There are trees on each side of the road. ◇Every child enjoys the Spring Festival.
another， other， others， the other, the others (1)another“又一；另外的”，既可作形容词又可作代词 (2)other“另外/其他一些”，后接名词 (3)others“另外/其他一些人或物”，后不接名词 (4)the other表示“两者/部分中的另一个/部分” (5)the others＝the other＋名词复数，表示“剩余的人或物”(其后不接名词) ◇Will you sing another song ◇She's ready to help other people. ◇We should think of others. ◇Tom has two pets. One is a dog, and the other is a bird. ◇I have some pens.Two of them are red, and the others are blue.
3. 复合不定代词
分类 some－ any－ no－ every－ 用法
人 somebody anybody nobody everybody (1)作单数，表示“某物”“某人”等 (2)在修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词之后，如：something new
someone anyone no one everyone
物 something anything nothing everything
others　　something　　either
10.I've visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don't like either of them very much.
11．Some people enjoy pizza, but others prefer traditional Chinese food.
12．Excuse me! May I speak to Linda I have something important to tell her.
疑问代词
1．疑问代词的判定
疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词，如what、which、who、whom和whose，用于特殊疑问句中，一般放句首，并在句中充当句子成分。
2．疑问代词的用法
疑问代词 词义及用法 例句
what “什么”； 询问外貌、职业、身份等 ◇What class is he in ◇What is her father？
which “哪个；哪些”； 询问特定范围内的选择 ◇Which is better ◇Which city do you like best
who “谁(主格)”； 询问人物、身份，在句子中作主语 Who helped you with your homework？
whom “谁(宾格)”； 询问人物，在句子中作宾语 Whom did you visit last Sunday
whose “谁的”； 询问所属关系，在句子中作定语 Whose bike was lost yesterday？
注：在口语中who可以代替whom。
用合适的疑问代词完成下列句子。
13．—Whose clothes are these
—They are those players'.
14．What is the population of Guiyang
15．Which dress should I wear to the party
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．他发现冬天去哈尔滨旅游非常有趣。
He finds/found it very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.
2．这些是你新学校的同学吗？
Are these your classmates from your new school
3．今天轮到我拖地了。
It's my turn to mop the floor today.
4．看起来今天要下雨了。
It seems that it's going to rain today.
5．和父母进行恰当的交流是对我们有好处的。
It's good for us to have proper communication with our parents.
6．瓶子里有一些水。
There is a little water in the bottle.
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．You will find happiness when you learn to accept yourself/yourselves(you) for who you are.
2．I found your lost keys. I'll bring them(they) to you later.
3．Jenny can't see anything(something) because it is dark here.
4．The well－used ping－pong bat is hers and the red one is mine(I)．
5．To our(we) surprise, many students choose to exercise outside at weekends instead of playing computer games.
三、完形第一节 (核心素养：思维品质)
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选择出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．something B．others C．none D．himself　E．Which　F．many
Aron Jiang is a boy with many interests.A year ago, he became interested in the Rubik's Cube(魔方)．
At first, he just learned to do the Rubik's Cube by 1.D．Later, his mother told him that an organization wanted young volunteers to give free classes to children who are interested in it, and he decided to give it a try.
Online teaching was sometimes not so easy.
Some Rubik's Cube moves were difficult to show to the students. He had to repeat them 2. F times to make his students understand.But he did not give up even if he met 3. A difficult.
When talking about his favorite part, he pointed out that he could teach 4. B what he enjoyed, hoping that they would enjoy it, too. When being asked “5. E thing do you enjoy best？”， he always said with a smile, “Teaching makes me happy.”Later, he won a national award which was both unexpected and exciting for him.
四、语言运用第二节(五育之劳育)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I took part in the labor(劳动)practice today. We were divided into several groups, and each group mainly cleaned a part of the park.1. My(I) group cleaned an area near the rubbish bin. The teacher told 2. us(we) to pick up all the rubbish. Everyone was very tired, but we were very happy to see the whole park get 3. its(it) new look.
This experience taught 4. me(I) the importance of taking action to protect the environment. We all have the responsibility to protect 5. our(we) planet, and small actions like picking up rubbish can make a big difference.

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