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专题四　数词(3年1考)
基数词
1．基数词的构成
基数词 构成 例子
1～12 无规律 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
13～19 以-teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen， nineteen
20～99 整十数字，以-ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
非整十数字，十位和个位之间加“－” Twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three
101～999 百位后用and，十位和个位之间加“－” one hundred and six, three hundred and forty-two
大于1 000的 从右往左数，每三位数加个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand，第二个逗号读作million，第三个逗号读作billion 3,006→three thousand and six 1,002,000→one million and two thousand 5,000,010,000→five billion and ten thousand
注：特别关注thirteen、fifteen、twenty、thirty、forty和fifty的拼写。
2．基数词表示确数和概数
用法 例子
hundred, thousand， million, billion 前面有确定的数字或有a few、some、many等修饰词时，不加-s four hundred books；a few thousand miles
后接of时，都要加-s，且前面不能有确切的数字 millions of students
3．基数词表示时间
用法 例子
表示整点时，数词后可接o'clock；半点之前的时间常用past，表示“几点过几分”；半点之后的时间常用to，表示“差几分到几点”；半小时用half；一刻钟用a quarter或fifteen eight o'clock (8：00); ten past eight (8：10)； half past ten (10：30); a quarter to ten (9：45)
时间的读法 顺读法：先小时后分钟，如7：24读成seven twenty－four 逆读法：先分钟后小时；分钟少于30用 past，分钟多于30用to，且分钟要用60减，小时要加1，如8：40读成twenty to nine
4．基数词表示年、月、日
用法 例子
年和年代多用阿拉伯数字表示，需注意读法；表示“几十年代”时，用整十的基数词的复数形式 in nineteen seventy-six(in 1976)； in the sixties
年或月前用介词in，年、月同时出现时，年前的in省略；具体某一天前用介词on in August；in August, 2022； on August 10, 2022
5．基数词的其他用法
用法 例子
in＋one's＋整十基数词的复数，表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his fifties
页码、段落、编号的表达：名词(首字母大写)＋基数词(首字母大写)＝the＋序数词(首字母小写)＋名词(首字母小写) Unit Five＝the fifth unit
表示距离、长、宽、高等：基数词＋单位(meter等)＋形容词(long等) ten meters wide
表示“几倍和几次”，除了一倍、一次(once)，两倍、两次(twice)外，其他一般由“基数词＋times”构成 ◇This box is twice bigger than that one. ◇The boy has been there five times.
1．中国是一个有着数千年历史的国家。
China is a country with a history of years.
2．Kate一周游泳三次。她觉得游泳很有趣。
Kate goes swimming a week. She thinks it's fun.
序数词
1．序数词的构成
序数词 构成 例子
1～3 无规律 first, second, third
4～19 (5、8、9、12除外) 基数词后加-th fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth， nineteenth
整十序数词 将y改为ie后加-th twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth， ninetieth
整百序数词 基数词后加-th hundredth
多位数序数词 个位变成序数词 Twenty-first, three hundred and third
2．序数词的基本用法
用法 例子
序数词前不用the的情况 当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时 My mother was my first teacher in my life.
表达分数时 One fifth of the students are from the country.
在日、月表达中 He was born on June 6th, 1974.
用于固定搭配时 First of all, we should keep us safe.
表达“又一，再一”时，序数词前一般加不定冠词 Please give me a second chance.
序数词在句中作副词时，序数词前不用冠词 I finished the work first.
表达世纪时，序数词前要加the I was born in the twenty－first century.
3．June is the (six) month of a year.
4．—There is going to be the (two) Art Festival next week.
—Great. We can enjoy some beautiful paintings again.
分数、小数和百分比
数词 用法 例子
分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式 one fourth，two thirds
小数 小数点读作“point”，小数点后需一一读出每个数字 fifteen point zero seven(15.07)
百分比 先读基数词，再读百分号 five percent(5%)
注：“分数＋of＋名词”作主语时， 谓语动词要与这个 “名词” 保持一致。如果 “名词” 是不可数名词或单数可数名词， 谓语动词用单数； 如果 “名词” 是复数可数名词， 谓语动词用复数。
5．Two (five) of the desks are old in the classroom.
6．Two thirds of the students (be) from China.
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．你必须每周练三次吉他。
You must practice the guitar a week.
2．这些房子有200多年的历史了。
These houses are more than years old.
3．6点15可以读作6点过一刻。
6：15 can be read as a six.
4．在温州，年糕通常是第一道菜。
In Wenzhou, New Year cake is often .
5．上个月，有数百人来参观我们的学校。
Last month, people came to visit our school.
6．《红星照耀中国》非常受欢迎， 我们班五分之三的学生都读完了。
Red Star Over China is so popular that of the students in our class have finished reading it.
7. “杂交水稻之父”袁隆平出生于二十世纪三十年代。
Yuan Longping, Father of Hybrid Rice, was born in .
8．这是哈尔滨第二次举行这项活动。
It's for Harbin to hold this event.
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．(2025连云港)Su Bingtian was the (one) Asian to break the 10-second barrier(难关) in the men's 100m race.
2．My birthday is on September (nine), the day before Teachers' Day.
3．Jane has been to Beijing (two) before and this is her third time to go there.
4．He'd like to buy a present for his father's (forty) birthday.
5．Two (three) of the water in the river is polluted.
6．December is the (twelve) month a year.
三、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)
My grandparents gave me a cute cat last summer. Its name is Coco.To celebrate Coco's 1. (three) birthday, I planned to make a small house for it with my parents. 2. (one) of all, we collected wood for the walls and floor to make sure it was sturdy(坚固的) enough. Then, in the 3. (two) step, we made a door for it to come and go freely. In this way, three 4. (four) of the house would be finished. Finally, my father made a beautiful roof(屋顶)．
Then I posted eight pictures of Coco's new house online. To my surprise, the pictures quickly got people' attention. 5. (thousand) of people liked those pictures and praised our efforts. Coco likes its new house very much.
(二)
I was very lucky to meet Angelina, our head teacher. Before that, I always did nothing but watch movies and hang out with 1. (two) of my best friends. We were in the same grade. That was only two 2. (five) of my previous(之前的) school life. Angelina was not only a teacher but an inventor. She created 3. (hundred) of recyclable plastics when she was young. And she worked harder than others and became the 4. (one) winner of Environment Stars in Argentina.
“I first tried inventing a new kind of plastic when I was at the age of 18，” she said. “When I failed three times, I still hoped for a 5. (four) chance.” When she was in her 6. (twenty), she won several prizes.
After hearing that, I've changed a lot and I am working hard now.专题四　数词(3年1考)
基数词
1．基数词的构成
基数词 构成 例子
1～12 无规律 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
13～19 以-teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen， nineteen
20～99 整十数字，以-ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
非整十数字，十位和个位之间加“－” Twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three
101～999 百位后用and，十位和个位之间加“－” one hundred and six, three hundred and forty-two
大于1 000的 从右往左数，每三位数加个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand，第二个逗号读作million，第三个逗号读作billion 3,006→three thousand and six 1,002,000→one million and two thousand 5,000,010,000→five billion and ten thousand
注：特别关注thirteen、fifteen、twenty、thirty、forty和fifty的拼写。
2．基数词表示确数和概数
用法 例子
hundred, thousand， million, billion 前面有确定的数字或有a few、some、many等修饰词时，不加-s four hundred books；a few thousand miles
后接of时，都要加-s，且前面不能有确切的数字 millions of students
3．基数词表示时间
用法 例子
表示整点时，数词后可接o'clock；半点之前的时间常用past，表示“几点过几分”；半点之后的时间常用to，表示“差几分到几点”；半小时用half；一刻钟用a quarter或fifteen eight o'clock (8：00); ten past eight (8：10)； half past ten (10：30); a quarter to ten (9：45)
时间的读法 顺读法：先小时后分钟，如7：24读成seven twenty－four 逆读法：先分钟后小时；分钟少于30用 past，分钟多于30用to，且分钟要用60减，小时要加1，如8：40读成twenty to nine
4．基数词表示年、月、日
用法 例子
年和年代多用阿拉伯数字表示，需注意读法；表示“几十年代”时，用整十的基数词的复数形式 in nineteen seventy-six(in 1976)； in the sixties
年或月前用介词in，年、月同时出现时，年前的in省略；具体某一天前用介词on in August；in August, 2022； on August 10, 2022
5．基数词的其他用法
用法 例子
in＋one's＋整十基数词的复数，表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his fifties
页码、段落、编号的表达：名词(首字母大写)＋基数词(首字母大写)＝the＋序数词(首字母小写)＋名词(首字母小写) Unit Five＝the fifth unit
表示距离、长、宽、高等：基数词＋单位(meter等)＋形容词(long等) ten meters wide
表示“几倍和几次”，除了一倍、一次(once)，两倍、两次(twice)外，其他一般由“基数词＋times”构成 ◇This box is twice bigger than that one. ◇The boy has been there five times.
1．中国是一个有着数千年历史的国家。
China is a country with a history of thousands of years.
2．Kate一周游泳三次。她觉得游泳很有趣。
Kate goes swimming three times a week. She thinks it's fun.
序数词
1．序数词的构成
序数词 构成 例子
1～3 无规律 first, second, third
4～19 (5、8、9、12除外) 基数词后加-th fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth， nineteenth
整十序数词 将y改为ie后加-th twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth， ninetieth
整百序数词 基数词后加-th hundredth
多位数序数词 个位变成序数词 Twenty-first, three hundred and third
2．序数词的基本用法
用法 例子
序数词前不用the的情况 当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时 My mother was my first teacher in my life.
表达分数时 One fifth of the students are from the country.
在日、月表达中 He was born on June 6th, 1974.
用于固定搭配时 First of all, we should keep us safe.
表达“又一，再一”时，序数词前一般加不定冠词 Please give me a second chance.
序数词在句中作副词时，序数词前不用冠词 I finished the work first.
表达世纪时，序数词前要加the I was born in the twenty－first century.
3．June is the sixth(six) month of a year.
4．—There is going to be the second(two) Art Festival next week.
—Great. We can enjoy some beautiful paintings again.
分数、小数和百分比
数词 用法 例子
分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式 one fourth，two thirds
小数 小数点读作“point”，小数点后需一一读出每个数字 fifteen point zero seven(15.07)
百分比 先读基数词，再读百分号 five percent(5%)
注：“分数＋of＋名词”作主语时， 谓语动词要与这个 “名词” 保持一致。如果 “名词” 是不可数名词或单数可数名词， 谓语动词用单数； 如果 “名词” 是复数可数名词， 谓语动词用复数。
5．Two fifths(five) of the desks are old in the classroom.
6．Two thirds of the students are(be) from China.
一、语言运用第一节
根据中文提示，补全英语译文。每空限填一词，缩写算一词。
1．你必须每周练三次吉他。
You must practice the guitar three times a week.
2．这些房子有200多年的历史了。
These houses are more than two hundred years old.
3．6点15可以读作6点过一刻。
6：15 can be read as a quarter past six.
4．在温州，年糕通常是第一道菜。
In Wenzhou, New Year cake is often the first dish.
5．上个月，有数百人来参观我们的学校。
Last month, hundreds of people came to visit our school.
6．《红星照耀中国》非常受欢迎， 我们班五分之三的学生都读完了。
Red Star Over China is so popular that three fifths of the students in our class have finished reading it.
7. “杂交水稻之父”袁隆平出生于二十世纪三十年代。
Yuan Longping, Father of Hybrid Rice, was born in the 1930s.
8．这是哈尔滨第二次举行这项活动。
It's the second time for Harbin to hold this event.
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．(2025连云港)Su Bingtian was the first(one) Asian to break the 10-second barrier(难关) in the men's 100m race.
2．My birthday is on September ninth(nine), the day before Teachers' Day.
3．Jane has been to Beijing twice(two) before and this is her third time to go there.
4．He'd like to buy a present for his father's fortieth(forty) birthday.
5．Two thirds(three) of the water in the river is polluted.
6．December is the twelfth(twelve) month a year.
三、语言运用第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)
My grandparents gave me a cute cat last summer. Its name is Coco.To celebrate Coco's 1. third(three) birthday, I planned to make a small house for it with my parents. 2. First(one) of all, we collected wood for the walls and floor to make sure it was sturdy(坚固的) enough. Then, in the 3. second(two) step, we made a door for it to come and go freely. In this way, three 4. fourths(four) of the house would be finished. Finally, my father made a beautiful roof(屋顶)．
Then I posted eight pictures of Coco's new house online. To my surprise, the pictures quickly got people' attention. 5. Thousands(thousand) of people liked those pictures and praised our efforts. Coco likes its new house very much.
(二)
I was very lucky to meet Angelina, our head teacher. Before that, I always did nothing but watch movies and hang out with 1. two(two) of my best friends. We were in the same grade. That was only two 2. fifths(five) of my previous(之前的) school life. Angelina was not only a teacher but an inventor. She created 3. hundreds(hundred) of recyclable plastics when she was young. And she worked harder than others and became the 4. first(one) winner of Environment Stars in Argentina.
“I first tried inventing a new kind of plastic when I was at the age of 18，” she said. “When I failed three times, I still hoped for a 5. fourth(four) chance.” When she was in her 6. twenties (twenty), she won several prizes.
After hearing that, I've changed a lot and I am working hard now.

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