资源简介

(共18张PPT)
Unit 5 Revealing nature
Using Language
导课 ● 明标
Learning aims：
在本节课结束时，学生能够：
通过独立朗读文章中例句，小组探究，体会并发现过去完成时的构成形式、时间标志及与其他时态的区别规律，形成自主发现、合作探究的精神。
通过教师引导，总结过去完成时在不同语境中的使用规则，发展英语语法意识。
通过在语境中学习和运用过去完成时，理解所学语篇的主题意义，提升英语语言运用能力。
导课 ● 明标
二、语法规则理解
1. 由句①可知, 过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体时间 __________已经发生、完成的动作或情况。
2. 由句②可知, 过去完成时常与______ scarcely、barely、no sooner...than等副词连用。
3. 由句③可知, intend、mean、hope、want、plan、think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个________________________
4. 由句④可知, 在句型________________________________________中, 常用过去完成时。
5. 由句⑤可知, 过去完成时还可用在与 __________ 相反的虚拟从句中。
一、语法现象感知
They had got everything ready before I came.
She had hardly gone to bed when the bell rang.
I had intended to call on you yesterday,but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.
It was the first time that he had lost the game.
If I had followed your advice, I would be better now.
本来打算做而没有做的事
It/This/That was the first/second..time that…
过去
之前
hardly
自主 ●合作
展示 ●质疑
一、过去完成时的构成和用法
1．构成：had＋过去分词
2．用法
(1) 表示在过去某个时间或动作之前就已经发生的动作，通常简称为“过去的过去”。句中常有by、by the end of等介词(短语)和by the time、before、when、until等引导的状语从句，也可以通过一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。
◆By the end of 2022, he ______________(collect) more than a thousand foreign stamps.
到2022年底，他已经收集了1000多枚外国邮票。
◆When Jack arrived, he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.
当杰克到达时，他得知玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。
had collected
点评 ●提升
(2)表示发生在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前的动作一直延续到过去的另一个时间，常与for、since等词连用。
◆I had been at the bus stop for 30 minutes when a bus finally came.
我在车站等了30分钟，终于来了一辆公交车。
(3)表示“希望、打算或意图”的动词如 hope、mean、want、think、expect、plan、intend等的过去完成时表示“原本……(但事实上并没有……)”之意。
◆I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.（翻译）
我本来计划在彼得结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。
点评 ●提升
3．过去完成时在几个重点固定句型中的应用
(1) no sooner ...than、hardly ...when “一……就……；刚……就……”(主句用过去完成时)。
◆ I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.(＝No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.)
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
◆ I had hardly stepped into the classroom when the bell rang.(＝Hardly had I stepped into the classroom when the bell rang.)
我一踏入教室的门，铃就响了。
(2) It was the first/second/ ...time＋that ...“那是第几次……”(从句用过去完成时)。
◆ It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.
那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。
点评 ●提升
(3) It was＋一段时间＋since 从句“自……多长时间了”(从句用过去完成时)。
◆ It was at least three months since I had left Beijing.
我离开北京至少有3个月了。
(4) 主句＋by the time＋表示过去的从句“到……时，已经……”(主句用过去完成时)。
主句＋by the end of＋表示过去的时间 “到……时，已经……”(主句用过去完成时)。
◆ By the time I got to the station, the train had already gone.
我到车站时，火车已经开走了。
◆ By the end of last term we had learnt about 500 English words.
到上学期期末为止，我们已经学了大约500个英语单词。
点评 ●提升
[即时演练1]　用所给动词的适当形式填空
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what ____________ (happen)．
(2021·天津卷)By the end of 2020, Pruitt ____________ (repair) more than 140 for donation or to be returned to their owners.
I ____________ (intend) to call on you, but I had an unexpected visitor.
It was the second time that I ___________ (visit) the Great Wall.
It was at least two months since he ______________ (fire) by the company.
训练 ●巩固
had happened
had repaired
had intended
had visited
had been fired
二、过去完成时、一般过去时以及现在完成时的区别
时态 用法
过去完成时 过去完成时强调“过去的过去”，即表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，是以过去某一时间为基准的
一般过去时 一般过去时以现在时间为基准，表示在过去发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在没有影响
现在完成时 现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作
点评 ●提升
◆ I met her at the airport yesterday. I hadn't seen her for five years since she went abroad.
◆ He once worked on a farm for 10 years, and now he is the manager of the company.
◆ I haven't eaten much chocolate recently.
我昨天在机场遇到她了。自从她出国以来我已经五年没见过她了。
他曾经在农场工作过10年，现在是这家公司的经理。
我最近没吃太多巧克力。
翻译
训练 ●巩固
[即时演练2]　用所给动词的适当形式填空
He __________ (work) on a ship for 8 years before he ______ (become) the captain of the ship.
When first coming to that city, my parents often had a chat with neighbours, just as they ________ (do) in our hometown.
His brother ________ (be) the conductor of the orchestra for many years.
had worked
became
had done
has been
训练 ●巩固
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he ____________(decide)not to run.
2．(2021·全国乙卷) My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they ___________ (know) for the past 60 years.
3．We _________ (do) quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break.
4．The study showed the animals ___________ (figure) out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage.
had decided
had known
have done
had figured
总结 ●测评
5．By six o'clock last night they _____________ (work) for eight hours.
6．When I came to Guangzhou, he ________ (be) there for a long time.
7．By the middle of last month, we__________ (live) in Beijing for five years.
8．Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ________ (leave) my book in the café.
9．All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness ____ (grow)．
10．I _________ (hope) to meet Mr Thompson this morning but I found nobody left in the room when I came.
had worked
had been
had lived
had left
grew
had hoped
总结 ●测评
1. Sort out your note.
2. Finish the relevant exercises.
总结 ●测评
点评 ●提升
[温馨提示]
当一个由before、 after、 as soon as等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。
◆We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.
做完早操后，我们吃早饭。
◆The train started to move just before he reached the platform.
他到站台时火车刚要走。
◆They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields.
他们一到地里就开始耕地。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我在上学前就已经读过这本书了。
I __________________before I started school.
2．到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
I ______________________________ up to now.
3．到去年为止，我已经学了四年英语了。
By last year I ___________________ for four years.
4．当你们到达电影院时，电影开始了半个小时了吗？
________________________ for half an hour when you got to the cinema
5．我们一到车站，火车就开了。
No sooner _________________ the station than the train was off.
had read the book
have heard nothing from him
had learned English
Had the movie been on
had we reached
总结 ●测评 落实目标3
导课● 明标
二、语法规则理解
1.由句①可知, 过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体时间__________已经发生、完成的动作或情况。
2.由句②可知, 过去完成时常与__________scarcely、barely、no sooner...than等副词连用。
3.由句③可知, intend、mean、hope、want、plan、think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个__________________________________
4.由句④可知,在句型________________________________________中,常用过去完成时。
5.由句⑤可知,过去完成时还可用在与__________相反的虚拟从句中。
本来打算做而没有做的事
It/This/That was the first/second..time that…
过去
之前
hardly
自主●合作
Task: 学习《同步练习册》P85-87
一、过去完成时的构成和用法
二、过去完成时、一般过去时以及现在完成时的区别
Time: 5mins
Requirements: 1.自学内容 2.组议难点

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