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(共25张PPT)
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Using Language
Chemical Versus Organic Farming
Which tomatoes do you prefer Why
Chemical tomatoes
Organic tomatoes
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6元/kg
16元/kg
What can we put on the soil to make it grow
chemical fertilizers
organic fertilizers
fertilizers
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CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
vs.
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What is the text about
Chemical farming
Organic farming
pictures
title
Pre-reading
(definition, benefit , problem... )
ORGANIC FARMING
CHEMICAL FARMING
Global reading—Find out the definitions.
Organic farming is simply farming ________________ .
Chemical farming is farming with ___________________ and _________________.
chemical pesticides
artificial fertilizers
without chemicals
What does this paragragh tell us about chemical pesticides and artificial fertilizers
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Detail reading --para 1
①Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. ②When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. ③Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.
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Detail reading --para 1
①Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. ②When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. ③Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.
welcomed
great
harm
benefits
problems
signpost
How does the author show us the problems of these chemicals
What harm do they do to the land and people’s health
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Detail reading --para 2
①For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. ②In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. ③This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. ④Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. ⑤In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. ⑥As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them ususally grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. ⑦They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
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Detail reading --para 2
①For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. ②In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. ③This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. ④Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. ⑤In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. ⑥As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them ususally grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. ⑦They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
signposts
supporting details
Why do some famers swith to organic farming
What is the natural means mentioned in this paragraph
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Detail reading --para 3
①As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. ②Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. ③Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. ④For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. ⑤This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
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Detail reading --para 3
①As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. ②Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. ③Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. ④For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. ⑤This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. ⑥It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
use
makes
keeps
effects
signpost
What are other methods to produce rich soil
How does the author explain these methods
Why do famers use these methods
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Detail reading --para 4
①Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. ②They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. ③For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. ④Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. ⑤Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. ⑥For example, peanuts grow on the grounds's surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. ⑦The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people’s health.
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Detail reading --para 4
①Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. ②They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. ③For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. ④Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. ⑤Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. ⑥For example, peanuts grow on the grounds's surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. ⑦The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people’s health.
signpost
Why can’t people stop using man-made chemicals
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Detail reading --para 5
①Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. ②What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. ③Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. ④Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
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Detail reading --para 5
①Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. ②What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. ③Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. ④Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
fact
signpost
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Discussion
What is the author’s attitude towards chemical and organic farming
A.Negative B. Ambiguous
C. Objective D. Supportive
Which farming method do you think is better
Write a short argumentative essay
Decide whether you support chemical farming or organic e up with three main points to support your opinion, and then add at least one detail to support each main point.
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Part. 1
Part. 2
Part. 3
your opinion
general
specific
Outline writing
In my opinion, ________ farming is preferable to________ farming .
It __________. For example_______. In addition，__________. However, as for ________ farming, _________________. For instance,____________.
In conclusion , I hold the belief that_________farming brings us more advantages and _________________________.
state your opinion
at least 2 points with supporting details
Summary
Point 1
Point 2
Point 3
Checklist for your writing
01
Does the writer do a good job of expressing his/her opinion
02
Does each paragraph have one main idea
03
Is each main idea supported with sufficient details
04
Is the writing convincing
05
Are the spelling and grammar correct
Advantages of Organic Farming
Compared to chemical farming, organic farming enjoys its overwhelming superiority. The reasons are as follows.
Firstly, organic food is healthier and safer as in organic farming, poisonous chemicals like pesticides are forbidden from being used on crops. Furthermore, organic farming is environmentally friendly. For instance, organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertilizer, which is harmless to the environment. Lastly, farmers can increase their income through organic farming. As people tend to pursue a green life, they are more likely to buy organic fruit and vegetables despite the high prices.
With incomparable advantages, therefore, organic farming is expected to benefit more people in the future.
Sample
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Homework
Homework
1. Compulsory
To revise your draft and add two supporting evidences about your opinion.
2. Optional
Draw a mind-map of the passage
Prepare for structureand content
Thank you!
chemical
farming
organic
farming
benefits
problems
fight crop disease
increase production
lower cost
crops look beautiful outside......
avoid damage to the environment or to people's health......
harm the land
harm people’s health
harm the environment
crops are less in nutrition
......
cannot meet the demand for food
more efforts and higher cost
smelly gases......
summary and brainstorming
5 yuan / kg
30 yuan / kg
Normal tomatoes
Organic tomatoes
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