资源简介

(共55张PPT)
Unit 1 The mass media
Reading(Ⅱ) Language points
It is reported that a terrible fire, ________ is thought to have started from the 8th floor, broke _______ in the Henderson Tower during the night of 9July. The fire spread quickly through the tower block, leaving people on the upper floor _______ (trap). Thankfully, Firefighters arrived within 15 minutes after ___________( call) and brought the fire _______ control within an hour and 15 minutes. By 11 July, 4 ______ (death) have been confirmed as well as dozens ______ injuries, including 5 in a critical condition.
课文语法填空
which
out
trapped
being called
under
deaths
of
Despite concerns that the construction company ______ built the tower block did not follow fire safety rules, the fire service confirmed that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor had started the fire and the automatic fire alarms had failed to go off ______ (quick) enough to prevent the disaster.
Further ____________ (investigate) into the event is currently ongoing.
that
quickly
investigation
First News Report on P2
Firefighters quickly put out the Henderson Tower fire last night. The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services. Fire engines and ambulances, called at 9:30 p.m., reached the scene within 15 minutes. By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. Firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m. There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.
Report 1
定语从句
现在分词短语作结果状语
同位语从句
过去分词短语作后置定语
过去分词短语作后置定语
第一个that引导同位语从句，作concern的同位语；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰construction company
Firefighters put out tower block fire
过去分词作宾语补足语
put out扑灭
1. The fire, ______ is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, ________(leave) people on the upper floors ________(trap).
which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰主语the fire
be thought to have done. . . 意为“被认为做了……”, 强调事情已经发生。
译：周日晚上的这场火灾被认为起于九楼，并迅速蔓延至整栋大楼，导致位于高楼层的人被困。
which
leaving
trapped
现在分词短语在句中充当结果状语
该句主语为the fire， 谓语为spread。
主语 + be done+to do，常见动词：say, report, think, believe, know, suppose，其中的不定式有三种形式：
be thought ________/___________ /___________
被认为做…或将要做.../ 正在做... / 已经做...
1. He is supposed _______________ (work) hard.
他应该在努力工作。
2. Peter is said _________________ (go) abroad.
据说彼得已经出国了。
3. Tom is said _______________ (study) abroad at the end of the month.
据说汤姆将在这个月底出国留学。
to do
to be doing
to have done
to be working
to have gone
to study
e.g. Gutenberg is thought _________________(print) a number of smaller books.
人们认为古腾堡印刷了一些较小的书籍。
Fraud is thought _________________ (cost) software companies millions of dollars a year.
据悉，欺诈行为每年给软件公司造成数百万美元的损失。
to have printed
to be costing
◆单句语法填空
（1） Henry is believed to 　　　　　（steal）the car.
（2） He is said to 　　 　　　（study）abroad，but we don’t know which country he studies in.
（3） This band is thought 　　　　　（be）one of the best pop groups in China.
have stolen
be studying
to be
trap vt. 卡住；设圈套 n. 陷阱、圈套；困境；
be trapped in 困在……中；陷入……中
The thief was trapped by the police in an old house.
警察将小偷困在一所旧房子里。
To break out of the poverty trap they need help from the government.
为了摆脱贫困的处境，他们需要政府的帮助。
① She had been trapped into 　　　　　（say）something she did not mean.
②They were trapped 　　the mountain，waiting to be rescued.
③［2018 ·北京卷］A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who 　　　 　　（trap）in the mountains for two days.
saying　
in　
had been trapped
2.... according to figures released by ...
v. to let sb/sth come out of place 释放；放出
v. to express feelings such as anger or worry 发泄
v. to free sb from a duty 免除，解雇
v. to make sth available to the public 公开，发布
n.释放；发行；排放；解除；解脱
a sense of release 解脱感；轻松感
The factory keeps ___________(release) smoke, making the air dirty.
Recently the band’s latest album_______________(release).
These are the new products ____________(release) onto the market last month.
She felt ________ sense of release after the exam.
releasing
has been released
released
a
学以致用
3. By this time, the fire (extend) to the 15th floor.
译：昨晚9点30分，消防车和救护车接到呼叫，并于15分钟内赶到火灾现场。
had extended
◆ by + 过去时间， 主语+谓语（had+ done）
◆ by + 现在时间, 主语+谓语（have/has done）
◆ by + 将来时间， 主语+谓语（will have done）
1. By now, we _______________(master) a significant number of new words.
2. By last week, we _____________(finish) Book 4.
3. By 2027, we ___________________(graduate) from school.
have mastered
had finished
will have graduated
4. There is concern that the ____________(construct) company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.
定义：同位语从句一般跟在某些抽象名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容，常用that引导，在从句中不做成分，无实际意义，不可省略。
idea，fact，promise，hope，suggestion，decision
同位语从句，解释说明concern
定语从句
译：有人担心建造这栋高楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规定。
construction
1.Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5 .（line 5）
2. Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than
those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings .
3.We should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information. （line14-15）
区分同位语从句与定语从句：
定语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
同位语从句
学以致用
Second News Report on P2
A terrible fire broke out on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged．Emergency services estimate that the number of deaths could reach 9. By this morning, 4 people have been confirmed dead. The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of whom are in a critical condition. Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries. She recalled, “I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. I looked outside and the smoke was choking me. It was like an awful dream.”
现在分词短语作结果状语
“5 of whom”引导非限制性定语从句
定语从句
be about to do...when...句型，意为“正要做……这时……”
Deadly fire in tower block causes serious damage
Report 2
5.Emergency services estimate that ...
v. to make an approximate judgment or calculation of it
估价；估算
n. 估计；判断；估价
estimated 估计的
It is estimated that...据估计...
as a rough estimate 粗略估计...
1. ______ is estimated that the project will last three years.
2._______ a rough estimate, the total cost for the treatment will probably go to 10,000 yuan.
3. The satelllite will cost an _____________(estimate) 100 million yuan.
4. At least the number of deaths could reach 6 and that is _________ conservative estimate.
As
It
estimated
a
学以致用
6. …, 5 of whom are in a critical condition.
adj. saying what you think is bad 批评的；挑剔的
adj. extremely important 极为重要的
adj. serious and possibly dangerous 严重的；有危险的
adj. involving making fair and careful judgements 有判断力的
be (highly) critical of...（强烈地）批评...
be critical to ...对...至关重要
critical-critically-criticize-criticism-critic(评论家，爱挑剔的人)
1. The teacher was highly critical ________the student who failed to hand in the homework in time.
2. Vocabulary is ________ critical significance.
3. Diligence is critical __________ one’s success.
4. One of the _________(victim) of the fire remains in a critical condition.
5.试译第四句话。
of
to
of
victims
大火的一位受害者依然病情危急。
学以致用
句意：我正要洗澡，突然听到有人在喊，狗在叫……
was/were about to do…when…（刚要做……突然）
7
“I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking...”
例1：我们正要离开，这时电话铃响了。
We ______________________ when the telephone _____.
例2：我正要上床，但这时听到了远处有汽车呜呜作声。
I __________________________ when I heard cars purr in the distance.
时间状语从句
were about to leave
rang
was about to go to bed
①…was/were doing…when…（正在做……突然）
②…was/were about to do…when…（刚要做……突然）
③…was/were on the point of doing…when…
(刚要做……突然)
④…had just done…when….(刚一……就)
⑤Hardly/Scarcely had…done…when…(刚一……就)
【拓展】when从句的固定搭配
I was just going out when there was a knock at the door.
They were on the point of setting out when a light rain began to fall.
The local police had hardly finished their examination when the CID arrived.
8. ...the smoke was choking me .
v. to be unable to breathe（使）窒息，哽噎
v. to make sb feel too emotional to speak normally （尤指感情激动而）说不出话来
in a choked voice 哽咽地
choke on sth 吃...被噎住
choke back sth 强忍住；抑制
1. The baby was choking _____a piece of toast.
2. “I can’t bear it any more.” he said in a _______(choke) voice.
3. I stood there trembling and ___________(try) to choke back the tears.
choked
trying
on
学以致用
Mr Peterson, head of the fire service, confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster. A team is currently investigating the accident further.
宾语从句
宾语从句
Mr Peterson的同位语
9. …that the automatic fire alarms did not go off ...
go off 爆炸；突发巨响；停止运作
A few minutes later the bomb went off, _________(destroy) the whole building.
As the fire alarm__________(go) off, I grabbed my clothes and ran out.
Unfortunately, all the lights went off all of ______ sudden.
went
destroying
a
学以致用
Passage on P3
We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us. However, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information. How do these differences come about
宾语从句
宾语从句
Reading news reports critically
Para. 1
10. How do these differences come about
come about 发生，产生
come across 偶遇；被理解
come up 出现
come up with 想到（主意、建议、答案等）
come down with 染上（疾病）
come out 出版；开花；显现
How did it come _________ that he knew where we were
No one has come up ________ a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.
The boy has come _______with influenza.
The truth about what happened is beginning to come ____.
The same problems come ______ every time.
He spoke for a long time, but his meaning did not really come _________.
with
about
down
out
across
up
学以致用
It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities, which would influence how they report an event. Let’s take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire as an example. We can see that the first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts, while the second talks more about deaths and injuries. When we read more than one report, we come to understand an event in a more comprehensive way.
it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to remember...为真正主语；that引导宾语从句；
while “并列连词”，表示对比意义
Para. 2
11. ... may have different priorities, ...
n. sth. that you think is more important and should be dealt with first 首要事情
n. the most important place among various things 优先权
give priority to... 对...优先考虑
take/have priority over...比...有优先性
Nowadays the priority for travelling is shifted from shopping _______ food and scenery.
He always gives priority ______ other people rather than himself.
The search for a new vaccine will take priority ________ all other medical research.
试译：Safety should always be the top priority wherever you are.
over
to
to
无论我们身在何处，安全永远是头等大事。
学以致用
Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing.When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information. Instead, check when the reports were written. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light. Another aspect worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently. Suppose emergency services’ estimates of the number of deaths vary between 5 and 9. Journalists may choose to present the minimum, the maximum or something in between in their news reports. Therefore, checking different sources enables us to draw a more informed conclusion.
as引导原因状语从句
同位语从句，作conclusion的同位语
宾语从句
过去分词短语作后置定语
as引导时间状语从句
定语从句,省略了关系代词that或which
动名词作主语
Para. 3
bring sth to light 揭露，披露
12. …they may contradict each other in terms of factual details. （line10）
译：
contradict vt. 反驳，驳斥；相矛盾
e.g. The witness statements contradict each other and the facts remain unclear.
目击者的说法互相矛盾，真相依然未明。
contradict oneself 自相矛盾
contradiction n. 矛盾，不一致
contradictory adj. 矛盾的，抵触的
【同根词】
他们可能在事实细节方面相互矛盾。
13. …the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire. （line12-13）
译：
1）differ vi. 不同于，不一样，有区别
differ in 在……方面不同 differ from 与……不同
2）difference n.不同之处
make a difference (to) (对……)起作用；有影响
3) different adj.不同的
be different from...in... 在……方面与……不同
(4)differently adv.不同地
亨德森大厦大火的两篇新闻报导中的死亡人数有所不同。
1. 甚至同一棵树的叶子也彼此不同。
Even the leaves of the same tree ____________________.
2. Such as I said, a homeless person, of course, income will _____________________ to that person.
就像我说的，一个无家可归的人，收入当然会对这个人产生影响。
3.People from cultures may in their communication styles. (difference)
differ from one another
make a difference
different
differ
学以致用
14. ...we should not rush to conclusion that...
n. something that you decide when you have thought about all the information connected with the situation or the end of sth.结论;结局
conclusion-conclude
in conclusion/to conclude最后，总之
draw/come to/reach a conclusion that... 得出结论
jump/leap to the conclusion that...贸然断定
When he brings his speech to a nice __________(conclude), the teacher invites the rest of the class to praise him.
We can safely draw a conclusion _____ failure is the mother of success.
___ conclusion, its advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
conclusion
that
In
学以致用
15. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light.
随着新的事实不断被披露，在同一事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能色含不同的信息。
bring… to light: 揭露，披露，揭发 (常用于被动语态)
be brought to light = come to light
This evidence did not come to light until after the trial.
这个证据直到审判后才被发现。
The mistake was only brought to light some years later.
这个错误直到几年后才被发现。
Many new discoveries have 　　　　　　　　　　（被公布于众）.
been brought to light /
come to light　
◆语块积累
bring about
bring back
bring in
bring up
bring down
导致；引起
带回来；使记起；
带进；引入；
养育提出；呕出
使……降低;使……倒下
【语法填空】
1.The great damage which the earthquake brought _____made many people homeless or lose their lives.
2.Our government has taken measures to bring _____the prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
3.Please make another sentence to bring ___the meaning of the phrase.
about
down
out
To sum up, it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages, which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read. Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. With great discrimination, every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.
宾语从句
过去分词短语作后置定语
非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句
Para. 4
16. To sum up, it is wise to read ...
to sum up 总之
similar expressions
all in all
in a word
in short/brief
in conclusion/to conclude
in summary/to summarize
17. ... are committed to presenting the truth, ...
to promise sincerely that you will definitely do sth 承诺，保证
commit-committed-commitment
commit a crime 犯罪
commit suicide 自杀
commit oneself to (doing) sth 承诺/致力于做某事
commit ... to ... 把...送交/托付给...
commit sth to memory 把...学好记牢
He has committed _________ to the cause of education.
There are unconfirmed reports _________ he tried to commit suicide.
Without doubt, he is a ____________(commit) member of the team.
To be a good actor requires one hundred percent ____________(commit).
commitment
that
himself
committed
学以致用
18. With great discrimination, every one of us,...
n. the practice of treating sb less fairly than others 歧视
n. the ability to judge what is good 辨别力 ,鉴赏力
discriminate-discrimination
discrimination against the elderly 歧视...
discrimination in favor of the young 厚待...
learn discrimination between right and wrong 学会辨别是非
Discrimination ________women in the workplace would only prevent companies from high efficiency.
译：He showed great discrimination in his choice of friends.
3. Some people do not show much 　　 　　　（discriminate）.
4. Can you discriminate good books 　　　　　 bad ones
against
他在择友方面颇具慧眼。
discrimination　
from
学以致用
________________________ 鼓励某人做某事
________________________ 熄灭；伸出；出版(passage1)
________________________ 被认为
________________________ 此时，到这时，到现在
________________________ 延伸至；扩至
________________________ 控制住局势
________________________ 有人担心
________________________ 情况危急
________________________ 就要做某事时突然
________________________ （警报器）突然大作
encourage sb to do
put out
be thought to do sth
by this time
extend to
get the situation under control
There is concern that
in a critical condition
be about to do … when …
go off
短语记背
11.________________________ 依赖；凭借；信赖(para1)
12.________________________ 发生；产生
13.________________________ 以……为例(para2)
14.________________________ 全面地
15.________________________ 即使；虽然(para3)
16.________________________ 依据；按照；在…方面
18.________________________ 例如
19.________________________ 偶遇；无意中发现；
20.________________________ 仓促下结论
21.________________________ 在不同时期/时期
rely on (sb to do sth)
come about
take sth as an example
in a comprehensive way
even if
in terms of
for instance
come across
rush to the conclusion
at different stages
22.________________________ 显露；暴露出来；成为人所共知
23.________________________ 值得一提
24.________________________ 在A和B之间变化
25.________________________ 总之；概括地说(para4)
26.________________________ 从不同的角度
27.________________________ 更准确的理解
28.________________________ 致力于
29.________________________ 擅长；善于；精通
30.________________________ 对……的准确描述
31.________________________ 对……有天生的好奇心
sth be brought to light
(be) worthy of mention
vary between A and B
to sum up
from various perspectives
a more accurate understanding of sth
be committed to
be skilled at P5
give an accurate account of
have a natural curiosity about
Firefighters quickly put ________ the Henderson Tower fire last night.
The fire, which is thought_______________(start) from the 8th floor.
A terrible fire broke out ________ Sunday night, __________(leave) the Henderson Tower seriously damaged.
The fire has also left dozens of people __________(injure)， 5 of _________ are in a critical condition.
The automatic fire alarms did not go ______quickly enough to prevent the disaster.
out
Text Review
to have started
on
leaving
injured
whom
off
6. We rely on news ___________(learn) about what is happening in the world around us.
7. We usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even ____________(contradict) information.
8. It is ___________(advise) to remember that journalists may have different priorities.
9. Let’s take the two news reports ___________ the Henderson Tower fire _______ an example.
10.When we come__________ such factual differences, we should not rush to the ____________(conclude) that one of the news reports gives false information.
to learn
contradictory
on
advisable
as
across
conclusion
11.News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts __________(bring) to light.
12. Therefore, checking different sources enables us to draw a more ___________(inform) conclusion.
13. Though journalists are committed to___________(present) the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely __________(entire) on news reports.
14. With great discrimination, every one of us has the potential ___________(be) a critical news reader.
are brought
informed
presenting
entirely
to be
Thank you!

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