Unit 4 Natural Disasters 一词多义 课件(共18张PPT)-人教版(2019)必修第一册

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Unit 4 Natural Disasters 一词多义 课件(共18张PPT)-人教版(2019)必修第一册

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(共18张PPT)
Ⅰ一词多义
1. flood 隐喻:具体的“洪水”→ 抽象的像洪水一样的 (事物) → 大量、大批 a flood of
名词动词化 (基本义“像洪水一样涌入”)
2. affect 基本义:影响;熟词生义:使感动;使感染 (疾病)
3. tap 美式faucet水龙头;词块:turn on / off the tap
熟词生义:轻拍;轻敲;开发/利用
4. wave 一词多义:基本义“来回移动;摇摆;挥手”名词义“波浪”
词块:wave goodbye to
5. deliver 一词多义:基本义“递送”(联系快递、外卖)
词块:deliver/address a speech / lecture
熟词生义:接生
6. strike 一词多义:基本义“击打”还可以是“罢工”
意为“击打”是正式用语,对应hit
词块:it strikes sb that,
strike sb as (being) …,
go on strike
Ⅱ 不规则动词
slide→__________→____________
strike→__________→____________
sweep→__________→____________
slid
slid
struck
struck/stricken
swept
swept
Ⅲ 词形变换
1. n.灾难;灾害→ adj.灾难性的
2. vt.摧毁;毁灭→ n.摧毁;毁灭
3. vi.& vt.死→ n.死;死亡→ adj.死的→
__________adj.致命的 现在分词______________
4. vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→ n.喜爱(常搭配介词for)
5. n.& vt.破坏;毁坏→ adj.毁坏的;严重受损的→________n.遗迹;遗址;废墟 [短语]严重受损;破败不堪____________
disaster
disastrous
destroy
destruction
die
death
dead
deadly
affect
affection
ruin
ruined
ruins
in ruins
dying
6. n.震惊 vt.(使)震惊→ adj.令人震惊的→ adj.震惊的 [短语]震惊;吃惊______________
7. n. 电;电能 → adj. 电动的→ adj. 电的;用电的→ adj.电子的
8. n.呼吸 → vi. & vt.呼吸→ adj.气喘吁吁的 [单词]令人叹为观止的_________
9. adj.充满智慧的;明智的→ n.智慧;才智
10. n.火山→ adj. 火山的
shock
shocked
shocking
in shock
electricity
electric
electrical
electronic
breath
breathe
breathless
breathtaking
wise
wisdom
volcano
volcanic
11. vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→ n.爆发
12. vi.生存 vt.幸存→ n.幸存者;生还者→ n.生存;幸存
13. n.电力供应;能量→ adj.强有力的;有影响力的
14. adj. 镇静的 vt.使平静→ adv. 镇定地;平静地→ _________n. 平静;镇静 [短语]保持冷静_____________
15. vt.& vi.递送;传送→ n.递送;传送;分娩
keep/stay calm
delivery
calmness
calmly
calm
powerful
power
survival
survivor
survive
eruption
erupt
deliver
16. n.总结;概括;概要→ vt.& vi. 总结;概括
[短语]总结_______________
17. n.影响;结果;效果→ adj.有效的(反__________)→ ___________adv.有效地
18. adj.长的→ n.长;长度→ vt.加长;(使)变长
wide(a.)→____________(n.)→____________(v.)
high(a.)→____________(n.)→____________(v.)
strong(a.)→____________(n.)→____________(v.)
widen
width
heighten
height
strengthen
strength
lengthen
length
long
effectively
effective
effect
summarize
summary
ineffective
in summary(to sum up)
“被雨水毁了的头发”,用哪个词呢?
The rain ruined my hair.
头发还在,只是“美好的发型”被毁了。
在这里,理解英语释义也很重要。
◆ destroy: to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
◆ ruin: to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
affect
下面这些音译词你都知道吗?
guitar 吉他 Cola 可乐 chocolate 巧克力
party 派对 salad 沙拉 shark 鲨鱼
ballet 芭蕾舞 marathon 马拉松 cool 酷的
有些英语词汇,汉语中没有与之对应的词,翻译时会借用中文谐音来翻译,这一类词被称之为“音译词”。音译词的翻译不仅表意精确,同时也准确地还原了英文的发音。shock 也被翻译成了“休克”。
shock
活着就要经受痛苦;而生存是为了在痛苦中寻找意义。
——尼采
弗里德里希·威廉·尼采 (Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche,1844 — 1900) ,德国哲学家、语言学家、文化评论家、诗人、作曲家、思想家。主要著作有《权力意志》(Will to Power)、《悲剧的诞生》(The Birth of Tragedy)、《查拉图斯特拉如是说》(Thus Spoke Zarathustra)等。尼采被认为是西方现代哲学的开创者,他的著作对于宗教、道德、现代文化、哲学、以及科学等领域提出了广泛的批判和讨论。他的写作风格独特,经常使用格言和悖论的技巧。尼采对于后代哲学的发展影响很大,尤其是在存在主义与后现代主义上。
suffer
power
生活中的power
能力
电力
功率
力量
侧重not moving ,“不动”
Our school is situated in a quiet area.
She was quiet and shy.
侧重not noisy ,“不吵”
quiet
They told the injured driver to stay still until the emergency personnel arrived. 2016全国改
still
keep / remain silent
a silent, moonless night
a silent film / movie
silent
侧重no sound,“没有声响”、“不语”
辨析calm, quiet, still, silent
辨析assist, help, aid
三者都有“帮助”之意,但侧重点有所不同。
assist 侧重“协助”“助理”,受助者自己要做大部分工作。
A nurse assisted the surgeon during the operation.
help 指给予各方面帮助。
I will help you (to) finish the housework.
aid 指用金钱、物资等“援助”他人,强调帮助受助者脱离困难。
She is always aiding the student with money.
Ⅳ 单词搭配
1.the flood-hit(flood-stricken) area
[读后续写] A flood of +情绪名词(excitement /anger/ disappointment/
sorrow/ embarrassment) swept over me/took control of me/seized me.
2.come to sb’s rescue
3.do / cause damage to
(名词动词化)Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
4.[常用于被动语态] 使感动;打动 She was deeply affected by the story.
Ⅲ单词搭配
5.greenhouse / side effect
take effect
have a great effect/influence/impact on ...
6.shelter/protect/prevent A from B
under the shelter of
7.culture shock
a _________ look / expression
8.be trapped in
shocked
Ⅲ单词搭配
9. spare no effort to do
make efforts to do
suffer (from) a heart attack
mental suffering
11.supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth
provide sth for sb或provide sb with sth
offer sb sth或offer sth to sb
12.wind / nuclear / solar power
13.do / give / offer first aid
with the aid of
come / go to sb’s aid = (help sb):
Hard work will pay off.
功不唐捐

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