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(共34张PPT)
Discovering useful structures
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Identify subject clauses，choose proper leading words and arrange correct word order of subject clauses，and follow the rule of Subject-Predicate Agreement (主谓一致) when using subject clauses.
2. Use subject clauses to write a paragraph about Prof. Yuan Long ping’s good qualities and great achievements.
By the end of the class, learners will be better able to
Learning Objectives
1.狗子吓到我了。
2.狗子想咬我，所以我跑得飞快。
3.狗子想咬我，这让我很害怕。
Dogs scare me.
Dogs want to bite me, so I run quickly.
Dogs want to bite me, which makes me afraid.
英语句子三大分类：
简单句
并列句
主从复合句
并列句：
主从复合句：
由并列连词将两个或以上简单句连接构成
由从属连词或关系词将一个主句和一个以上从句连接构成
句子类型
简单句
并列句
复合句
主句
定语从句
状语从句
名词性从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
从句
Lead-in
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche
What doesn’t kill me makes me stronger.
杀不死我的都会使我更强大。
《偶像的黄昏》
Lead-in
主语从句
1. Definition定义
1. He considered himself a farmer.
2. Yuan's innovation has helped to feed more people.
3. Using salty land in China for rice production was his latest vision.
4. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
结论：（1）主语是句子说明的人或事物，一般放在_____。
（2）在句子中充当______的从句就是主语从句，通常放在主句的_________________之前，有时也由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
句首
主语
Observe and Discover
Underline the subject in each sentence
代词
名词
动名词
从句
谓语动词或系动词
What pigsy cares about most is ________.
Why they still stay here is ___________________________.
How they catch the monster is
______________________________________.
food
that they need to catch a monster
by disguising themselves as the local children
Observe and Discover
还有哪些引导词？
2. Leading words
引导词
1.That he will pass the exam is certain.
2.Whether he will pass the exam is uncertain.
that _______成分，____意义，
______省略。
whether _____成分，____意义，
译为_____，______省略。
不做
是否
无
不能
不做
有
从属连词： that whether if
注意：只用whether不用if:
句首/+or not/ 后连to do
不能
1. _________she left him made him heart-broken.
2. _________ he is still alive is a piece of good news to us.
3. _________ he will come or not is not known yet.
That
That
Whether
1.Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.
2.Whom they will choose is a secret.
3. Whose scores are higher will come out soon.
4. Which book I shall choose hasn’t been decided.
who在主语从句中充当 ______________,
译为 ______。
whom 在主语从句中充当______
译为______。
whose在主语从句中充当 ______,
译为 ______。
which在主语从句中充当 ____________,
译为 __________。
注：均不能省略
主,宾,表语
谁
宾语
谁的
定,主,宾语
哪一个
谁
定语
连接代词： who whom whose which
1. ______did it is unknown.
2. ________ club he will choose is unknown.
Which
Who
1.What surprised me is the gift from my sister.
2.What you have done might do harm to others.
3.What you look like makes no difference.
3.What his phone number is is still unknown to me.
4.What day it is today is not important .
what在主语从句中可充当 ______,_____,_____ ,
译为 ______________________;
也可放在名词前充当_____，不能省略。
主语
宾语
表语
什么(的),...的东西/事/样子
定语
连接代词：what（高频考点）
1.Whoever leaves the room
last ought to turn off the lights.
2.Whatever he did was right.
3.Whichever of you wins will
receive a prize.
whoever在主语从句中充当 __________,
译为 ______。
whatever 在主语从句中充当 _____________,
译为 ________。
whichever在主语从句中充当 _________,
译为 ________。
注：均不能省略
主,宾,表语
无论谁
主,宾,表,定语
无论什么
无论哪个
连接代词：whoever
whomever whatever whichever
主,宾,定语
1. When they will start is not known yet.
2. Where she lives is unknown.
3. Why he was late is not important now.
4. How he became a great scientist is known to us all.
when在主语从句中充当 _______,
译为 ______。
where在主语从句中充当 _______,
译为 ______。
why在主语从句中充当 _________,
译为 _______。
how在主语从句中充当 _________,
译为 ________;有时也可以表程度，译为“多么”。注：均不能省略
时间状语
何时
地点状语
何地
原因状语
为什么
方式状语
如何/怎样
连接副词：when where why how
It is surprising how little we know.
1. (2015 北京)______ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
2._______ she is from is unknown.
How
Where
主语从句的引导词
类别 连接词 说明
从属连词
连接代词
连接副词
that，whether（是否）
who，whom，what，
which，whose，wh-ever
when, where, how, why
Summary
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。
两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；
如何确定主语从句连接词
一找从句谓语动词，看从句是否缺成分
二看含义
缺成分
主、宾、表、定
状语
who， whom， what， which， whose， wh-ever
when, where, why,how
不缺成分
学以致用
1. _________ can join in the sport meeting will be decided by the teacher.
2. __________ comes to the activity will receive a present.
3. __________ he will join us or not makes no difference.
that; whether,if
Who
Whether
Whoever
1. ____to solve this question is unkonwn to us.
2. It is uncertain _______ he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.
3. _______ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
4. _______ he said was right.
5. Every year, _______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
6. Your support is important to our work. ______you did helped us a lot.
7. _____will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
8______ he quit his high-paying job is not difficult to understand. He wanted to start up his own business.
How
whether
That
What
whoever
What
Who
Practice
Why
8. _______ you can recover soon is the best news I’ve heard recently.
9. _______ excited Jenny most was that she finally succeeded.
10. __________ the new chemical pesticide is effective remains to be seen.
11. _______he did it remains a mystery.
That
What
Whether
Why
Practice
3. 注意点
1. Where we will have a picnic should be discussed.
Where will we have a picnic should be discussed.
2. How we go for a picnic should be discussed.
How do we go for a picnic should be discussed.
√
√
×
×
注意1：主语从句的语序
主语从句应使用_________语序。
陈述句
即主语在前，谓语在后。
她为什么没有来参加聚会仍然是一个疑问。
1. Whether the patient will be taken ______ unknown.
2. When and where the patient will be taken _____ unknown.
3. When the task can be finished and whether he can have
a rest ________ unknown.
4. What he wants most _________ staying with his family.
What they need _______ masks(口罩).
单个主语从句，主句的谓语动词，大多数使用_______ (单数？复数？)
由两个连接词引导同一个主语从句，谓动使用______ (单数？复数？)
主语为and连接的两个主语从句时，谓动使用____ (单数？复数？)
what在主语从句中做宾语时，谓动单复数由______决定。
单数
单数
复数
表语
is
is
are
is
are
注意2：主谓一致
1). What he wants _______(be) some new clothes.
2). Whether it will rain or not_____(be) not clear.
3). That he has won so many awards_____________( surprise) us.
4). When he left us and why he did that _______(remain) unknown to us.
5). How and why he came to this city ______ a story of struggle and success.
are
is
surprises
remain
Practice
is
为避免头重脚轻，常用 it作形式主语置于句首，真正的主语从句后置。
注意3: It 做形式主语
That all countries work together is important.
It is important that all countries work together.
It is likely that he can’t come to the party tonight.
That he can’t come to the party tonight is likely .
1.It + be +形容词+主语从句 做......是......的
形容词
clear, obvious, likely, probable, true…
例：It is not clear whether he told a lie.
2. It + be+过去分词+主语从句 据......
said, reported, believed, thought, announced…
过去分词
例：It is said that they are identical twins.
此句型中的形容词是important, necessary等时，从句应使用虚拟语气例：It is important that we (should) learn English well.
若过去分词是suggested, ordered, required, advised, requested等表示建议、要求、命令等词时，从句应该使用虚拟语气。
例：It is suggested that students (should) make their bed by themselves.
3. It +be +名词+主语从句 做......是......的
名词
a pity，an honor，a good idea，a fact, a/no surprise，no wonder......
例：It is a pity that he missed such an interesting film,
4. It+不及物动词+主语从句
seem, appear, happen, occur (to sb.), turn out …
不及物动词
例：It happened that they were out that day.
It seems that it is going to rain.
Finish the following tasks and focus on it as the formal subject.
Practice
(1)_________________(很遗憾) we lost the match.
(2)_________________(这是事实) he cheated in the exam.
(3)_________________(据报道) 20 people were killed in the accident.
(4)_________________(建议) we should eat more vegetables and do more exercise.
(5)_________________(碰巧) I came into the office at that time.
(6) __________________(可能)she will come back tomorrow.
(7) __________________(很明显)this measure is effective.
(8)_______________________(我突然想起) I forget to send the letter.
It is reported that
It is suggested that
It happened that
It is a pity that
It is a fact that
It is possible that
It is obvious that
It occurred to me that
20
1. It is believed that beauty comes from within. (2015北京卷)
2. It was the times that produce their heroes.
3. It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.(2015湖南卷)
4. It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (2016江苏卷)
主语从句
强调句
强调句
主语从句
判断方法：去掉It is/was … that 之后，若
句子结构仍然完整，则为强调句，it is…that中间的部分为被强调的部分；
句子结构不完整，则it为形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的从句。
注意4：主语从句和强调句的区分
Summary
主语从句
复合句中用作主语的从句叫作主语从句
含义
从属连词: that, whether
连接代词: who, whom, what,whose, which, wh-ever
连接副词: when, where, how, why,
连接词
注意
语序问题: 陈述语序(主语+谓语)
主谓一致问题
It作形式主语的句型
主语从句和强调句的区分
1. [2020·全国Ⅱ卷] It’s been reported 76％ employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
2. [2020·江苏卷] It is not a problem we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
3. [2013·北京卷] makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
4. It remains a puzzle _____ dinosaurs died out suddenly long time ago.
5. [2015·江苏卷] Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.
6._______is decided that the meeting will be put off till next Monday.
that
whether
What
Practice
why
Where
It
Practice
组成句子
That the boy didn’t know the answer made the teacher angry.
make the teacher angry
didn’t know the answer
bomb will explode
When the bomb will explode worries the man.
worry the man
Circle and correct the mistake in each sentence.
How can we find a solution to produce sufficient food is an important topic for us to research.
That the lifestyle is slower and healthier are the reason why some people prefer to live in the country.
That worries many people is that these chemicals may even cause cancer.
What amazes all of us that vegetables can even be planted without any soil.
is
we can
It
What
is
Practice
完成句子
1.众所周知，雨天要穿雨鞋。
________________we wear rain shoes on rainy days.
It is known that
______________is rest.
3.我需要的就是休息。
What I need
____________________ is attracted by her.
2.无论谁见到这个女孩都被她吸引。
Whoever sees the girl
__________________Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.
4.据报道，姚明在这场比赛中得了最高分。
It is reported that
Practice
(2020浙江卷) 假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件…
翻译：你现在需要的是足够的休息和健康的饮食。
What you need now are an enough rest and a healthy diet.
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)上周末，你和你的同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：
1.农场情况；2.采摘过程…
翻译：映入眼帘的是农场里各种各样的动物、绿色的蔬菜和果树.
What came into sight were all kinds of animals, green vegetables and fruit trees on the farm.
Thank you

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