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外研七上重点语法专题
一、可数名词与不可数名词
(1)可数名词变形规则：
①一般情况下直接加s
②以字母____, ____, ____, _____结尾的名词，加____, 如dish→________, actress→________
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为____, 加_______, 如 hobby→________, memory→_________, duty→_______
④以“元音字母+y”结尾，直接加s, 如journey→journeys，day→days
⑤以o结尾的名词，有生命的加____, 无生命的加____, 如photo→________, hero→_________
⑥以字母f/fe结尾的名词，一般将f/fe变为_____, 如shelf→______, life→_______, knife→_______, leaf→______
⑦特殊变化：man→men, foot→feet, child→children
(2)常见不可数名词：homework, fun, joy, advice, practice, waste, pollution, news,research,knowledge,support,cotton
注意：不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数！
☆答题技巧：观察所给名词前有无数量修饰，谓语动词是单数还是复数。
考场演练：
1. There are many _________(shelf) in the library.
2. Happiness brings us a lot of ________(joy).
3. Rescue dogs work with __________(fireman). They are ________(英雄).
4. Dancing is one of my favorite ___________(爱好).
5. Can you give me some _________(建议)
二、代词
1.人称代词
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
主格 I we you you he she it they
宾格
我 我们 你 你们 他 她 它 他/她/它们
总结：主格一般放句子_____，作主语；宾格放在_____和_____后面，一般在句子结尾，作宾语。
2.物主代词
形物代
名物代 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他（她/它）们的
总结: 形容词性物主代词后面跟名词，名词性物主代词本身就充当名词。
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+_______
随堂演练：
1. Look at the two pencils. The red one is _______(you).
2. ____(I) pencils are in my pencil case.
3. Can you call ____(I) later I am talking to _____(she) now.
4. Is this ______(you) book or _______(I)
三、一般现在时
时态标志：always/usually/often/sometimes等频度副词或every +时间
识别主语：当主语为单个的人名、地名、国家或者第三人称单数（It/he/she）时，动词需使用三单。
*动词三单变形规则：
①一般情况下，直接加s
②以字母____,_____, _____, _____, _____结尾的动词，加es; 如rush→_______, relax→________,miss→_______
③以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为____, 再加_____; 如carry→_________; marry→________
④以元音字母+y结尾，则直接加s；如enjoy→enjoys, stay→stays
⑤特殊变化：be→_____, have→______, do→______, go→_______
补充说明：当主语为不可数名词或复合不定代词（everyone/someone/anyone等）或动名词时，谓语动词用单数。
☆答题技巧：看清楚主语，一般位于句子开头，第三人称单数则动词用三单。
考场演练：
1. His brother ________(rush) into the room before he _______(come).
2. Every Saturday, WangHan ________(play) basketball with his friends.
3. She often chats and __________(relax) with her parents in the yard.
4.It _____(have) a big kitchen with two bedrooms.
5. He and his brother _____(be) both in Beijing now.
6. Everybody ________(enjoy) the music and moves with us.
7. There ____(be) some advice.
四、一般将来时
基本结构：be going to do/will do
①be going to do : 计划准备有迹象表明有依据，be动词看主语选择
②will do :将来事实，临时决定无依据
时态标志：next+时间，...later, soon, future, tomorrow, in+一段时间（in two weeks）
随堂演练：
1.The seeds ________________(grow) into big plants.
2. Soon it _________________(get) dark.
3. They _________________(have) a English test next Wednesday.
五、现在进行时
基本结构：be doing (be动词不要忘记！看主语决定!）
时态标志：Look! Ssh! Listen! Now, at the moment, it’s+(时间)
变形规则：
①一般情况下，动词后直接加ing
②一般情况下，以字母e结尾的动词，________, 如dance→_________
③以“辅元辅”，（短元音＋一个辅音字母结尾），________________, 如swim→___________
④特殊变化，以ie结尾，_____________, 如lie→___________
随堂演练：
1.____(be) your brother _______________ (swim) in the pool now
2. Look! Those children _______________ (play) games in the park.
3. It’s 6 o’clock. Kate _____________(sleep) on her bed.
六、冠词
不定冠词：单词首字母发音，元音前用an, 辅音用a. 定冠词：the表示特指。
☆做题技巧：表示单数，往往在名词或名词词组前，如 a friendly dog.
考场演练：
1. Bingjie is _____ amazing dog around ____ world.
2. You are ___ adult now. Do you want to be ____ engineer in the future
3. There is ___ university on ____ island.
七、There be
◎be动词跟随主语变化，单数is，复数are. 就近原则：若有多个主语，与最近的保持一致
随堂演练：
1. There ____ some books on the desk.
2. There ____ a pencil and two pens in my pencil case.
3. There ____ so much fun.
八、名词所有格（表示所属关系）
①有生命的多用’s, 如Lily’s car. (’s相当于形容词性的，后面往往跟名词)
-不以s结尾的， 直接加’s
-以s结尾的，加 ’ , 如 Teachers’ Day
②无生命的多用“of+名词”，如 a photo of Lilly, the door of the classroom
③表示共同所有，在最后一个名词加；若各自所有，则都要加。
随堂演练：
1. This is ________(Lucy) best friend.
2. These are _______(boy) bags.
3. Can you help me open the window____the kitchen
4. They sleep on the same bed. This red one is ______(Betty) and ______(Lily) bed.
九、连词（连接两个句子）
and（表并列）but（表转折）or（否则，或者）because（因为）so（因此）though（虽然）
随堂演练：
1. It’s 10 O’clock, ____ I have to get up.
2. Do you want to drink a cup of tea_____ coffee
3. I can learn English well _____ I am interested in it.
4. Remember to wear a warm coat _____ you will not feel cold.
5. I like reading books_____ listening to music.
十、动词的固定搭配
①+ to do: start, need, plan, hope,decide, refuse, want
②+ doing：enjoy,love, like, realise; be doing, 介词+doing
③+ do: Let, please, can(could), should, will(would),不定式 to do,

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