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第一讲　细节理解题——定位信息巧比对
　　高考阅读理解中的细节理解题要求学生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实或细节进行理解。有些问题学生可以直接从文中找到明确的答案，有些则需要学生在理解的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、排序、判断、比较等。细节理解题在高考试卷中占很大的比例，特别是在应用文、记叙文和说明文中，非常侧重对细节理解题的考查。
　　细节理解题的正确选项和干扰选项的特征：
正确选项特征 干扰选项特征
原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项 张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容
同义替换 指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one’s job换成be out of work。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换了词性，如把important变换成of importance；或改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换
无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动
颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
信息归纳 用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案
正误参半 部分正确，部分错误
正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项
题型（一）　直接信息题
　　在解答直接信息题时，学生可以采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”的方法，通过定位找题眼。广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等语篇中的直接信息题较多。
【典例】　（2025 全国二卷阅读A篇节选） 　　Hereford， Herefordshire 　　Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189.Skirting the town square， you’ll find lovely shops， eateries， and the Black and White House Museum.The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town.It’s also home to an ancient library.One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. 21.Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta？ A.In the Ludlow Castle.　　 B.In the Foodie Center of England. C.In the Hereford Cathedral.　　 D.In the Black and White House Museum. 解题思路： 第一步　找关键词：题干中的关键词为an original copy of the Magna Carta。 第二步　寻信息句：根据关键词定位选段中的信息源One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.。 第三步　比对答案：直接得出正确选项。 正确答案：　C　 答题方略：关键词定位法解直接信息题
题型（二）　间接信息题
间接信息题通常不能直接从原文中找到对应的词或短语，但可以找到近义词、同义词、派生词、反义词等，学生也可以根据文章的隐含线索，如原因、前提或结果等仔细推敲得出正确答案。此类题型常在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查。
【典例】　（2025 全国二卷阅读D篇节选） 　　Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant， supermarket， and supply chain industries.From technological solutions to educational campaigns， food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing.But last month， one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way：It changed its menu to exclusively （专门） offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. 　　For two weeks in March， Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED， and served items like fried skate cartilage， a juice pulp burger， and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor－made to raise awareness regarding food waste. 33.Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment？ A.To customize dishes for guests. B.To make the public aware of food waste. C.To test a food processing method. D.To improve the UK’s zero－waste systems. 解题思路： 第一步　找关键词：题干中的关键词为Blue Hill carry out the experiment。 第二步　寻信息句：根据节选第二段中的Each dish was tailor－made to raise awareness regarding food waste.可知，Blue Hill餐厅进行这个实验是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。 第三步　比对答案：raise awareness regarding food waste与B项中的make the public aware of food waste为同义转述。 正确答案：　B　 答题方略：转换法解间接信息题
题型（三）　综合信息题
综合信息题涉及一段内的多个信息或多段内容，且各个细节信息都能在文章中找到，因此学生要不厌其烦地认真分析、概括和归纳，从而得出正确答案。设问形式如下：
　　What can we learn about ...from the ...paragraph（s）？
　　What do ...and ...have in common？
　　What similar ...do ...and ...have？等。
【典例】　 （2024 新课标Ⅱ卷A篇） Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers 　　The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner， experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. 　　Walk 1 — The Natural World 　　With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide， this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs. 　　Date and Time： Saturday， 1st October， at 9：00 　　Start Point： Scratoes Bridge 　　Walk Duration： 6 hours 　　Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking 　　Emmanuel Chappard， an experienced guide， has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. 　　Date and Time： Sunday， 2nd October， at 9：00 　　Start Point： Deerpark Car Park 　　Walk Duration： 5 hours 　　Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars 　　Walking at night－time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch （手电筒） along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed in－appropriately will be refused permission to participate. 　　Date and Time： Saturday， 1st October， at 18：30 　　Start Point： The Town Hall 　　Walk Duration： 3 hours 　　Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest 　　This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well－surfaced forest path. 　　Date and Time： Sunday， 2nd October， at 11：45 　　Start Point： Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area 　　Walk Duration： 1.5 hours
续表
23.What do the four walks have in common？ A.They involve difficult climbing. B.They are for experienced walkers. C.They share the same start point. D.They are scheduled for the weekend. 解题思路： 第一步　找关键词：题干中的关键词为have in common。 第二步　寻信息句：根据关键词定位到原文中的信息源——Saturday和Sunday。 第三步　综合概括，得出答案：每一项徒步活动的举办时间都是Saturday或Sunday，可以概括为周末。 正确答案：　D　 答题方略：概括归纳法解综合信息题
题型（四）　数字计算题
　　数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。但是解答英语阅读中的数字计算题必须要找出文中的隐含信息，这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。
　　数字计算题一般出现在广告类、故事类、科学知识类、史地自然类、文化教育类等语篇中。设问方式多是以when， in which year， how many/much等疑问词（组）开头引出问题。
【典例】　（2023 新课标Ⅰ卷阅读A篇节选） 　　Prices
Hand Brake， Three Gears Foot Brake， No Gears
1 hour 7.50 5.00
3 hours 11.00 7.50
1 day （24 hours） 14.75 9.75
Each additional day 8.00 6.00
22.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days？
A.15.75. B.19.50.
C.22.75.　 D.29.50.
解题思路：
第一步　找关键词：题干关键词为How much。
第二步　寻信息句：Hand Brake， Three Gears的价格一天为14.75欧元，每多一天收8欧元。
第三步　比对答案：租两天的价格为22.75欧元。
正确答案：　C　
答题方略：整合推算法解数字计算题
A
　　（2025 泉州教学质量检测）
Science Summer Programs
　　Let your inner scientist come out to play and explore the wonders of the natural world： take part in one of the many science summer programs available.These programs and camps， tailored for middle and high schoolers， offer a treasure list of possibilities for learning and adventure.Seeking a boost for your current science classes？ Eager to check out different STEM fields？ There’s a program for you!
　　Program 1： World Scholars Academy
　　World Scholars Academy provides live online summer courses for students from ages 12 to 18 designed and taught by world－leading instructors from established universities.Explore your future career path and accelerate your success with personalised academic guidance and high－level instruction from the world’s most accomplished educators.
　　Program 2： STEM/Medicine Programs at Leading Universities
　　Outset is a leading 1－week pre－college program at top universities for 9th－12th graders interested in STEM， medicine and healthcare careers.If students are interested in a physician or healthcare career， Outset might be a great choice.We help students build confidence and prepare for the pre－med path.They also get to try hands－on activities and hear world－class speakers on their health career interest.Apply online today!
　　Program 3： Teach Me Wall Street
　　Wall Street 101＋Investing & Trading＋Budgeting & Beyond — 3－week Finance and Life Skills program for grades 9－12.100% virtual program perfect for students with summer jobs， those who cannot travel and those who want to get themselves up for future financial success.
　　Program 4： Polygiene Summer Research Program
　　Your subject， your schedule， your project.Become a researcher with one－on－one guidance from a PhD candidate from a Top University.Polygiene research programs are available year－round and are proven to give students the ultimate edge in college admissions by helping you demonstrate who you are and what you care about.
1.What do the first two programs have in common？（　　）
A.Career－related exploration.　　 B.Career－planning courses.
C.Offline guidance.　 D.Hands－on activities.
2.Which program most attracts a student interested in finance？（　　）
A.Program 1.　　 B.Program 2.
C.Program 3.　 D.Program 4.
3.What is a feature of Polygiene Summer Research Program？（　　）
A.Given subjects.　　 B.Fixed schedules.
C.Individualised instruction.　 D.Admission guarantee.
B
　　（2025 豫西北教研联盟三模）Under the soft light of a lamp， 37－year－old Ruan Xiyue cautiously carves a child’s face onto an egg gourd （葫芦） with masterful precision.With each carving， she clears away the shavings， ensuring that every detail is a faithful version of her initial drawing.Ruan has spent over a decade perfecting her craft， which has been passed down through four generations of her family， lasting more than 80 years.The years of dedicated （专注的） carving have toughened her right hand， making it larger and rougher than her left one — a witness to her commitment to the art.
　　Carving is a particularly respected art in Lanzhou， where the technique has developed quickly and strongly for over a thousand years.Favoring the thin－skinned egg gourds native to the region， the art form demands such a skill that the slightest misstep can damage the entire piece， especially for micro－carving on the tiny， egg－sized local gourds， which represents the peak of Lanzhou’s gourd carving skill.Yet， unlike her ancestors who favored complexity， Ruan prefers the simplicity of drawing， reflecting her unique style and cultural philosophy.
　　“To truly preserve and stimulate traditional techniques， they must be integrated into everyday life， allowing people to enjoy their favorite art in their homes， not just in galleries，” she explained.Initially， Ruan struggled to sustain the weight of her family’s craft， but the popularity of the game “Travel Frog” among young people inspired her to create a utopian （乌托邦） world with the frog’s image， engaging more young people.
　　As culture becomes a part of daily life and gains public appreciation， an increasing number of people are learning Lanzhou gourd carving from Ruan.Since the beginning of this year， she has welcomed over 1，000 visitors per week for study tours.Ruan Xiyue is now learning to use social media to connect with the younger generation.“Culture is a collective effort，” she said.
4.Why does the author mention Ruan Xiyue’s right hand？ （　　）
A.To recognize her artistic talent.　　 B.To stress her devotion to carving.
C.To prove the difficulty of the craft.　 D.To show the demand of micro－carving.
5.What makes Lanzhou gourd carving highly－skilled？（　　）
A.The delicacy of egg gourds.　　 B.The shape of the gourds.
C.The integration into daily life.　 D.The simplicity of drawing.
6.How has Ruan Xiyue attracted young people to gourd carving？（　　）
A.By sustaining traditional skills.　　 B.By displaying it on social media.
C.By combining popular elements.　 D.By perfecting conventional designs.
7.What is the key to cultural promotion according to Ruan Xiyue？（　　）
A.Innovative ideas.　　 B.Joint participation.
C.Individual power.　 D.Public appreciation.
【披沙拣金】
熟词生义 A篇 tailor 熟义：n.裁缝　文中义：v.专门制作；订做 live 熟义：adj.活的　文中义：adj.现场直播的；实况转播的 established 熟义：adj.已确立的；已获确认的　文中义：adj.著名的；成名的；公认的 edge 熟义：n.边；边缘　文中义：n.优势
B篇 faithful 熟义：adj.忠实的；忠诚的　文中义：adj.准确的；如实的 perfect 熟义：adj.完美的　文中义vt.使完善；使完美 favor 熟义：n.帮助；好事；恩惠　文中义：vt.较喜欢
构词法 A篇 合成词：world－leading adj.世界领先的　　hands－on adj.动手的，实际操作的 派生词：instructor n.导师 ［instruct指示＋－or］ personalised adj.个人化的 ［personal个人的＋ise＋－d］
B篇 合成词：thin－skinned adj.皮薄的　　micro－carving n.微雕 派生词：masterful adj.技艺精湛的 ［master大师，能手＋－ful］ precision n.精确；精密度 ［precis（e）精确的＋－ion］ complexity n.复杂性，错综复杂 ［complex复杂的，难懂的＋－ity］ collective adj.集体的；共同的 ［collect收集＋－ive］
难句分析 B篇 Favoring the thin－skinned egg gourds native to the region， the art form demands such a skill that the slightest misstep can damage the entire piece， especially for micro－carving on the tiny， egg－sized local gourds， which represents the peak of Lanzhou’s gourd carving skill. 分析：句子主干为the art form demands such a skill； Favoring the thin－skinned ...region为动词－ing短语作原因状语；such ...that ...引导结果状语从句；especially for micro－carving ...gourds为介词短语作状语；which represents the peak ...skill为定语从句，修饰 micro－carving。 译文：由于偏爱本地产的薄皮葫芦，这种艺术形式需要极高的技艺，以至于最轻微的失误都会损坏整件作品，尤其是在那些鸡蛋大小的本地葫芦上进行的微雕，更是代表着兰州葫芦雕刻技艺的巅峰。
第一讲　细节理解题——定位信息巧比对
【随堂演练】
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个面向中学生的科学暑期项目。
1.A　细节理解题。根据Program 1部分最后一句和Program 2部分第二句可知，这两个项目都有与职业相关的探索。
2.C　细节理解题。根据Program 3部分第一句可知，Program 3是关于金融方面的项目，所以对金融感兴趣的学生最可能被这个项目吸引。
3.C　细节理解题。根据Program 4部分第二句可知，Polygiene暑期研究项目的特点是个性化指导。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了37岁的阮熙越如何通过创新和社交媒体将传统的兰州葫芦雕刻技艺带入现代生活，吸引了更多年轻人的关注和参与。
4.B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的a witness to her commitment to the art尤其是其前的破折号可知，提到阮熙越的右手是为了强调她对雕刻的奉献和承诺。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，兰州葫芦雕刻技艺之所以高超，是因为葫芦的薄皮特性。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，阮熙越通过结合流行元素吸引了年轻人。
7.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，阮熙越认为文化推广的关键是联合参与。
1 / 3(共47张PPT)
第一讲　细节理解题——定位信息巧比对
目录
探究突破
随堂演练
探究突破
　　高考阅读理解中的细节理解题要求学生对阅读材料中的某一具体
事实或细节进行理解。有些问题学生可以直接从文中找到明确的答
案，有些则需要学生在理解的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、
排序、判断、比较等。细节理解题在高考试卷中占很大的比例，特别
是在应用文、记叙文和说明文中，非常侧重对细节理解题的考查。
正确选项特征 干扰选项特征
原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项 张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容
同义替换 指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one’s job换成be out of work。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换了词性，如把important变换成of importance；或改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换
无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动
颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
信息归纳 用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案
正误参半 部分正确，部分错误
正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项
　　细节理解题的正确选项和干扰选项的特征：
题型（一）　直接信息题
　　在解答直接信息题时，学生可以采取“关键词定位法”，即“带
着问题找答案”的方法，通过定位找题眼。广告类、活动安排类、书
籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等语篇中的直接信息题较多。
【典例】　（2025·全国二卷阅读A篇节选）
　　Hereford， Herefordshire
　　Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189.Skirting the
town square， you’ll find lovely shops， eateries， and the Black and
White House Museum.The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive
building in town.It’s also home to an ancient library.One of the four
original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
21. Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta？
A. In the Ludlow Castle.
B. In the Foodie Center of England.
C. In the Hereford Cathedral.
D. In the Black and White House Museum.
解题思路：
第一步　找关键词：题干中的关键词为an original copy of the Magna
Carta。
第二步　寻信息句：根据关键词定位选段中的信息源One of the four
original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.。
第三步　比对答案：直接得出正确选项。
正确答案：　C　
答题方略：关键词定位法解直接信息题
题型（二）　间接信息题
间接信息题通常不能直接从原文中找到对应的词或短语，但可以
找到近义词、同义词、派生词、反义词等，学生也可以根据文章的隐
含线索，如原因、前提或结果等仔细推敲得出正确答案。此类题型常
在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查。
【典例】　（2025·全国二卷阅读D篇节选）
　　Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant， supermarket，
and supply chain industries.From technological solutions to educational
campaigns， food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more
of what we’re already growing.But last month， one popular New York
City restaurant tried a different way：It changed its menu to exclusively
（专门） offer food that would otherwise be thrown away.
　　For two weeks in March， Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant
was renamed wastED， and served items like fried skate cartilage， a
juice pulp burger， and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.Each dish
was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.
33. Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment？
A. To customize dishes for guests.
B. To make the public aware of food waste.
C. To test a food processing method.
D. To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems.
解题思路：
第一步　找关键词：题干中的关键词为Blue Hill carry out the
experiment。
第二步　寻信息句：根据节选第二段中的Each dish was tailor-made to
raise awareness regarding food waste.可知，Blue Hill餐厅进行这个实验
是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。
第三步　比对答案：raise awareness regarding food waste与B项中的
make the public aware of food waste为同义转述。
正确答案：　B　
答题方略：转换法解间接信息题
题型（三）　综合信息题
综合信息题涉及一段内的多个信息或多段内容，且各个细节信息
都能在文章中找到，因此学生要不厌其烦地认真分析、概括和归纳，
从而得出正确答案。设问形式如下：
　　What can we learn about ...from the ...paragraph（s）？
　　What do ...and ...have in common？
　　What similar ...do ...and ...have？等。
【典例】　 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷A篇）
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
　　The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the
beginner， experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of
Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
　　Walk 1 — The Natural World
　　With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide， this walk
promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the
habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
　　Date and Time： Saturday， 1st October， at 9：00
　　Start Point： Scratoes Bridge
　　Walk Duration： 6 hours
　　Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
　　Emmanuel Chappard， an experienced guide， has a passion for
making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides
an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most
from future walking trips.
　　Date and Time： Sunday， 2nd October， at 9：00
　　Start Point： Deerpark Car Park
　　Walk Duration： 5 hours
　　Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
　　Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort
zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the
presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch （手电
筒） along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the
dark.Those who are dressed in-appropriately will be refused permission to
participate.
　　Date and Time： Saturday， 1st October， at 18：30
　　Start Point： The Town Hall
　　Walk Duration： 3 hours
　　Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
　　This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the
basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and
enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
　　Date and Time： Sunday， 2nd October， at 11：45
　　Start Point： Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
　　Walk Duration： 1.5 hours
23. What do the four walks have in common？
A. They involve difficult climbing.
B. They are for experienced walkers.
C. They share the same start point.
D. They are scheduled for the weekend.
解题思路：
第一步　找关键词：题干中的关键词为have in common。
第二步　寻信息句：根据关键词定位到原文中的信息源——Saturday
和Sunday。
第三步　综合概括，得出答案：每一项徒步活动的举办时间都是
Saturday或Sunday，可以概括为周末。
正确答案：　D　
答题方略：概括归纳法解综合信息题
题型（四）　数字计算题
　　数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单
计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。但是解答英语阅读中
的数字计算题必须要找出文中的隐含信息，这些“暗”信息会涉及对
某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类
题的关键。
数字计算题一般出现在广告类、故事类、科学知识类、史地自然
类、文化教育类等语篇中。设问方式多是以when， in which year，
how many/much等疑问词（组）开头引出问题。
【典例】　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读A篇节选）
Prices
Hand Brake，Three
Gears Foot Brake，No
Gears
1 hour 7.50 5.00
3 hours 11.00 7.50
1 day （24 hours） 14.75 9.75
Each additional day 8.00 6.00
22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three
gears for two days？
A. 15.75. B. 19.50.
C. 22.75. D. 29.50.
解题思路：
第一步　找关键词：题干关键词为How much。
第二步　寻信息句：Hand Brake， Three Gears的价格一天为14.75欧
元，每多一天收8欧元。
第三步　比对答案：租两天的价格为22.75欧元。
正确答案：　C　
答题方略：整合推算法解数字计算题
随堂演练
A
　　（2025·泉州教学质量检测）
Science Summer Programs
　　Let your inner scientist come out to play and explore the wonders of
the natural world： take part in one of the many science summer programs
available.These programs and camps， tailored for middle and high
schoolers， offer a treasure list of possibilities for learning and
adventure.Seeking a boost for your current science classes？ Eager to
check out different STEM fields？ There’s a program for you！
　　Program 1： World Scholars Academy
　　World Scholars Academy provides live online summer courses for
students from ages 12 to 18 designed and taught by world-leading
instructors from established universities.Explore your future career path
and accelerate your success with personalised academic guidance and high-
level instruction from the world’s most accomplished educators.
　　Program 2： STEM/Medicine Programs at Leading Universities
　　Outset is a leading 1-week pre-college program at top universities for
9th－12th graders interested in STEM， medicine and healthcare
careers.If students are interested in a physician or healthcare career，
Outset might be a great choice.We help students build confidence and
prepare for the pre-med path.They also get to try hands-on activities and
hear world-class speakers on their health career interest.Apply online
today！
　　Program 3： Teach Me Wall Street
　　Wall Street 101＋Investing & Trading＋Budgeting & Beyond — 3-
week Finance and Life Skills program for grades 9－12.100% virtual
program perfect for students with summer jobs， those who cannot travel
and those who want to get themselves up for future financial success.
　　Program 4： Polygiene Summer Research Program
　　Your subject， your schedule， your project.Become a researcher
with one-on-one guidance from a PhD candidate from a Top University.Polygiene research programs are available year-round and are
proven to give students the ultimate edge in college admissions by helping
you demonstrate who you are and what you care about.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个面向中学生的科学
暑期项目。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个面向中学生的科学
暑期项目。
1. What do the first two programs have in common？（　　）
A. Career-related exploration.
B. Career-planning courses.
C. Offline guidance.
D. Hands-on activities.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Program 1部分最后一句和Program 2部
分第二句可知，这两个项目都有与职业相关的探索。
√
2. Which program most attracts a student interested in finance？（　　）
A. Program 1. B. Program 2.
C. Program 3. D. Program 4.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Program 3部分第一句可知，Program 3
是关于金融方面的项目，所以对金融感兴趣的学生最可能被这个项目
吸引。
√
3. What is a feature of Polygiene Summer Research Program？（　　）
A. Given subjects.
B. Fixed schedules.
C. Individualised instruction.
D. Admission guarantee.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Program 4部分第二句可知，Polygiene暑
期研究项目的特点是个性化指导。
√
B
　　（2025·豫西北教研联盟三模）Under the soft light of a lamp，
37-year-old Ruan Xiyue cautiously carves a child’s face onto an egg
gourd （葫芦） with masterful precision.With each carving， she clears
away the shavings， ensuring that every detail is a faithful version of her
initial drawing.Ruan has spent over a decade perfecting her craft， which
has been passed down through four generations of her family， lasting
more than 80 years.The years of dedicated （专注的） carving have
toughened her right hand， making it larger and rougher than her left
one — a witness to her commitment to the art.
　　Carving is a particularly respected art in Lanzhou， where the
technique has developed quickly and strongly for over a thousand
years.Favoring the thin-skinned egg gourds native to the region， the art
form demands such a skill that the slightest misstep can damage the entire
piece， especially for micro-carving on the tiny， egg-sized local
gourds， which represents the peak of Lanzhou’s gourd carving
skill.Yet， unlike her ancestors who favored complexity， Ruan prefers
the simplicity of drawing， reflecting her unique style and cultural
philosophy.
　　“To truly preserve and stimulate traditional techniques， they must
be integrated into everyday life， allowing people to enjoy their favorite
art in their homes， not just in galleries，” she explained.Initially，
Ruan struggled to sustain the weight of her family’s craft， but the
popularity of the game “Travel Frog” among young people inspired her
to create a utopian （乌托邦） world with the frog’s image， engaging
more young people.
　　As culture becomes a part of daily life and gains public
appreciation， an increasing number of people are learning Lanzhou
gourd carving from Ruan.Since the beginning of this year， she has welcomed over 1，000 visitors per week for study tours.Ruan Xiyue is now learning to use social media to connect with the younger generation.“Culture is a collective effort，” she said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了37岁的阮熙越如何
通过创新和社交媒体将传统的兰州葫芦雕刻技艺带入现代生活，吸
引了更多年轻人的关注和参与。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了37岁的阮熙越如何
通过创新和社交媒体将传统的兰州葫芦雕刻技艺带入现代生活，吸
引了更多年轻人的关注和参与。
4. Why does the author mention Ruan Xiyue’s right hand？ （　　）
A. To recognize her artistic talent.
B. To stress her devotion to carving.
C. To prove the difficulty of the craft.
D. To show the demand of micro-carving.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的a witness to her
commitment to the art尤其是其前的破折号可知，提到阮熙越的右手是
为了强调她对雕刻的奉献和承诺。
√
5. What makes Lanzhou gourd carving highly-skilled？（　　）
A. The delicacy of egg gourds.
B. The shape of the gourds.
C. The integration into daily life.
D. The simplicity of drawing.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，兰州葫芦雕刻技艺
之所以高超，是因为葫芦的薄皮特性。
√
6. How has Ruan Xiyue attracted young people to gourd carving？
（　　）
A. By sustaining traditional skills.
B. By displaying it on social media.
C. By combining popular elements.
D. By perfecting conventional designs.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，阮熙越通过结合流行
元素吸引了年轻人。
√
7. What is the key to cultural promotion according to Ruan Xiyue？
（　　）
A. Innovative ideas. B. Joint participation.
C. Individual power. D. Public appreciation.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，阮熙越认为文
化推广的关键是联合参与。
√
【披沙拣金】
熟词生义 A 篇 tailor 熟义：n.裁缝　文中义：v.专门制作；订做
live 熟义：adj.活的　文中义：adj.现场直播的；实况转播的
established 熟义：adj.已确立的；已获确认的　文中义：adj.著名的；成名的；公认的
edge 熟义：n.边；边缘　文中义：n.优势
B 篇 faithful 熟义：adj.忠实的；忠诚的　文中义：adj.准确的；如实的
perfect 熟义：adj.完美的　文中义vt.使完善；使完美
favor 熟义：n.帮助；好事；恩惠　文中义：vt.较喜欢
构
词
法 A 篇 合成词：world-leading adj.世界领先的　　hands-on adj.动手的，实际操作的
派生词：instructor n.导师 [instruct指示＋-or]
personalised adj.个人化的 [personal个人的＋ise＋-d]
B 篇 合成词：thin-skinned adj.皮薄的　　micro-carving n.微雕
派生词：masterful adj.技艺精湛的 [master大师，能手＋-ful]
precision n.精确；精密度 [precis（e）精确的＋-ion]
complexity n.复杂性，错综复杂 [complex复杂的，难懂的＋-ity]
collective adj.集体的；共同的 [collect收集＋-ive]
难
句
分
析 B 篇 Favoring the thin-skinned egg gourds native to the region， the art form demands such a skill that the slightest misstep can damage the entire piece， especially for micro-carving on the tiny， egg-sized local gourds， which represents the peak of Lanzhou’s gourd carving skill.
分析：句子主干为the art form demands such a skill； Favoring the thin-skinned ...region为动词-ing短语作原因状语；
such ...that ...引导结果状语从句；especially for micro-carving ...
gourds为介词短语作状语；which represents the peak ...skill为定语从句，修饰 micro-carving。
译文：由于偏爱本地产的薄皮葫芦，这种艺术形式需要极高的技艺，以至于最轻微的失误都会损坏整件作品，尤其是在那些鸡蛋大小的本地葫芦上进行的微雕，更是代表着兰州葫芦雕刻技艺的巅峰。
THANKS
演示完毕 感谢观看细节理解题
（建议用时25分钟）
A
　　（2025 皖江名校联考）Some museums in Paris are well worth a visit.
　　Curie Museum
　　In its original lab， Marie Curie spent 20 years at work， revolutionizing the field of radioactivity.In the same lab， her daughter and son－in－law discovered artificial radioactivity， earning them the 1935 Nobel Prize in chemistry.Those are just a few things that make the museum special.Perhaps more strikingly， it’s one of the few science museums in the world in which women play a starring part in the history of science.Of over 56， 000 visitors in 2024， the majority were women aged 18－34.
　　Smoking Museum
　　Tobacco use has fallen out of favor in recent generations， but， according to the Smoking Museum， examining its history and artifacts（文物） reveals many aspects about how people react to tobacco as society and economy have shifted over time.It houses tobacco－related permanent collections with works of art on the walls， conveying a message that smoking is a nearly universal practice.
　　Museum of Perfume （香水）
　　Perfume is known to influence memory， mood and experience.This museum is designed to explore the methodology and history behind perfume making.Visitors are welcomed into the perfumer workshop， where they can make their own signature perfume under the guidance of some professionals.
　　Museum of Fairground Arts
　　It’s more like a 19th－century festival.Almost everything， from the curiosity cupboards to the merry－go－rounds， demands interaction.“The museum is brought to life by our visitors， ” says Favand.“Objects can be touched， and there’s the possibility to play with centenarian fairground attractions or ride old merry－go－rounds.”
1.What mostly contributes to Curie Museum’s fame？（　　）
A.Marie Curie’s pursuit of truth.　 B.Women’s leading role in science.
C.Prizes made by the Curie family.　 D.Annual young women tourists.
2.What does the study of tobacco use show？（　　）
A.The deep understanding of civilization.　 B.The hidden information of history.
C.People’s social and economic behavior.　 D.Priceless smoking－related exhibits.
3.What do Museum of Perfume and Museum of Fairground Arts offer？（　　）
A.Interactive activities.　 B.Social recognition.
C.Professional training.　 D.Adventurous rides.B
　　（2025 泉州质检）When I was four， my grandfather suddenly got lost in a park one day.It was the first instance that informed us that he had Alzheimer’s disease （阿尔茨海默病）.Over the past 12 years， his worsening condition and his wandering have been worrying us.My aunt struggled to stay awake at night to watch over him， but often failed.Concerned about my aunt’s wellbeing and my grandfather’s safety， I searched widely for a solution， but in vain.
　　Then two years ago， while looking after my grandfather， I was impressed by the moment when his foot landed on the floor.Why don’t I put a pressure sensor on the bottom of his foot？ Once he stepped onto the floor and out of the bed， the pressure sensor would detect an increase in pressure caused by body weight and then wirelessly send an alarm to the caregiver’s smartphone.My desire to create a sensor－based technology was born.
　　When laying out my plan， I faced three main challenges.Firstly， I had to create a wearable sensor.After testing different materials like rubber， which was too thick， I decided to print a film sensor with pressure－sensitive ink particles （颗粒）.Next， I had to design a wearable wireless circuit.Thankfully， I was able to find out about the Bluetooth low energy technology， which produces little power and can be driven by a coin－sized battery.Lastly， I learnt to code （编码） a smartphone app to turn the caregiver’s smartphone into a remote monitor.
　　Integrating these components， I successfully created two models： a built－in sock sensor and a re－attachable one.Having tested it on my grandfather with 100% success in detecting his wandering， I beta－tested it at California care facilities last summer.Now， I’m using response from tests to improve it into a marketable product.
　　One thing I’ll never forget is when my device first caught my grandfather’s wandering at night.At that moment， I was really struck by the power of technology to change lives for the better.
4.What drove the author to seek a solution？（　　）
A.His knowledge about Alzheimer’s.　 B.The encouragement from his aunt.
C.His worries about treating patients.　 D.The struggle of tending his grandfather.
5.What is the purpose of detecting the pressure under a patient’s feet？（　　）
A.To measure his weight.　 B.To monitor his motion.
C.To record his walking pace.　 D.To estimate his health status.
6.Why did the author choose a printed film sensor？（　　）
A.It’s thin.　 B.It’s energy－saving.
C.It’s coin－sized.　 D.It’s wireless.
7.What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Protecting Wandering Loved Ones　　
B.How Technology Empowers Lives
C.The Challenges of Alzheimer’s Disease Care　　
D.A Family’s Struggle with Alzheimer’s Disease
C
　　（2025 永州模拟）When we sleep， our brain is still actively processing the day’s experiences and integrating them with past memories.Previous studies have identified links between pupil （瞳孔） size and sleep state， as well as between sleep state and memory formation.However， it has been unclear how fresh memories are processed without blurring into old ones.For example， how do we learn to play the piano without forgetting how to ride a bike？
　　Researchers at Cornell University addressed this question by attaching brain－scanning electrodes and tiny eye－tracking cameras to mice.They monitored the mice as they learned new tasks during the day， such as navigating a maze， and then observed them during sleep.（Fun fact： mice can sleep with their eyes open.）
　　The study revealed two distinct substages during non－rapid eye movement （NREM） sleep， a critical period for memory formation.One substage replayed new memories， coinciding with narrowed pupils.The other involved recalling older memories， marked by widened pupils.These stages alternated rapidly.The team also discovered that during the narrowed pupil stages， blocking sharp－wave ripples （SWRs） limited the mice’s ability to remember new information.
　　It is also found that the brain has an intermediate （中间的） period that separates new learning from old knowledge.The results suggest that the brain can multitask distinct cognitive processes during sleep to facilitate continuous learning without interference.It’s like new learning， old knowledge， new learning， old knowledge， shifting slowly throughout sleep.
　　The implications of the study are far－reaching： such a non－invasive means of monitoring brain function may help treat memory issues and boost memory， for example.The study also supports the hypothesis （假说） that human brains and computer systems may significantly forget old information.Catastrophic forgetting， known in AI， is an area where machines still lag behind biology.What’s more， the findings provide a potential solution for preventing catastrophic interference while enabling memory integration in both biological and artificial neural networks.
　　Despite the many similarities between human and mouse brains， similar studies need to be conducted in humans to verify these results.
8.What do researchers at Cornell University focus on？（　　）
A.How pupil size is related to sleep state.　
B.How people learn to perform new tasks.
C.How memories are kept without interference.　
D.How sleep state is connected with memory formation.
9.What is the finding of the study？（　　）
A.Blocking SWRs removes old memories.
B.The brain processes new memories first.
C.Widened pupil is associated with replaying new memories.
D.A transitional stage distinguishes old memories from new ones.
10.What is the implication of the study？（　　）
A.It provides an invasive solution to memory study.
B.It helps avoid large－scale interference and integrate memory.
C.It denies that brains and computers may forget information dramatically.
D.It supports that machines perform better in catastrophic forgetting than brains.
11.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.Code of Memory Integration in Sleep　
B.Role of Sleep in Memory and Learning
C.Pupil Size： A Window into Human Brain　
D.A Breakthrough： How Mice Sleep with Eyes Open
细节理解题
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了巴黎的一些博物馆。
1.B　细节理解题。根据Curie Museum部分中的Perhaps more strikingly ... the history of science.可知，Curie Museum出名的主要原因是女性在科学领域的主导作用。
2.C　细节理解题。根据Smoking Museum部分中的examining its history and ...have shifted over time可知，研究烟草可以揭示人们的社会、经济行为。
3.A　细节理解题。根据Museum of Perfume部分最后一句以及Museum of Fairground Arts部分第二句可知，两座博物馆都提供了互动活动。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的祖父患有阿尔茨海默病，家人照顾困难，作者为解决问题发明压力传感器设备监测祖父行动，以保障其安全。
4.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，照顾祖父的艰难促使作者寻求解决办法。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，检测病人脚下压力的目的是监测他的行动。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，橡胶太厚了，所以作者选择打印薄膜传感器，因为它很薄。
7.A　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，文章主要围绕作者为防止患有阿尔茨海默病的祖父走失，发明压力传感器设备来保障其安全的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕睡眠中大脑对新旧记忆进行整合的方式展开，它就像有一套特定的规则或代码。
8.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段第一句可知，目前尚不清楚新记忆是如何在不与旧记忆混淆的情况下被处理的，康奈尔大学的研究人员通过研究解决了这个问题，即它们关注的是记忆如何在不与旧记忆混淆，在无干扰的情况下被保存的。
9.D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，大脑有一个过渡阶段将新旧记忆区分开来。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，这项研究有助于避免大规模干扰并整合记忆。
11.A　标题归纳题。通读全文并结合第三段和第四段可知，文章主要围绕睡眠中大脑对新旧记忆进行整合的方式展开，它就像有一套特定的规则或代码。
4 / 5(共27张PPT)
细节理解题
（建议用时25分钟）
A
　　（2025·皖江名校联考）Some museums in Paris are well worth a
visit.
　　Curie Museum
　 In its original lab， Marie Curie spent 20 years at work，
revolutionizing the field of radioactivity.In the same lab， her daughter
and son-in-law discovered artificial radioactivity， earning them the 1935
Nobel Prize in chemistry.Those are just a few things that make the
museum special.Perhaps more strikingly， it’s one of the few science
museums in the world in which women play a starring part in the history of
science.Of over 56， 000 visitors in 2024， the majority were women
aged 18－34.
　　Smoking Museum
　　Tobacco use has fallen out of favor in recent generations， but，
according to the Smoking Museum， examining its history and artifacts
（文物） reveals many aspects about how people react to tobacco as
society and economy have shifted over time.It houses tobacco-related
permanent collections with works of art on the walls， conveying a
message that smoking is a nearly universal practice.
　　Museum of Perfume （香水）
　　Perfume is known to influence memory， mood and experience.This
museum is designed to explore the methodology and history behind
perfume making.Visitors are welcomed into the perfumer workshop，
where they can make their own signature perfume under the guidance of
some professionals.
　　Museum of Fairground Arts
　　It’s more like a 19th-century festival.Almost everything， from the
curiosity cupboards to the merry-go-rounds， demands interaction.“The
museum is brought to life by our visitors， ” says Favand.“Objects can
be touched， and there’s the possibility to play with centenarian
fairground attractions or ride old merry-go-rounds.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了巴黎的一些博物
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了巴黎的一些博物馆。
1. What mostly contributes to Curie Museum’s fame？（　　）
A. Marie Curie’s pursuit of truth.
B. Women’s leading role in science.
C. Prizes made by the Curie family.
D. Annual young women tourists.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Curie Museum部分中的Perhaps more
strikingly ... the history of science.可知，Curie Museum出名的主要原
因是女性在科学领域的主导作用。
√
2. What does the study of tobacco use show？（　　）
A. The deep understanding of civilization.
B. The hidden information of history.
C. People’s social and economic behavior.
D. Priceless smoking-related exhibits.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Smoking Museum部分中的examining its
history and ...have shifted over time可知，研究烟草可以揭示人们的社
会、经济行为。
√
3. What do Museum of Perfume and Museum of Fairground Arts offer？
（　　）
A. Interactive activities. B. Social recognition.
C. Professional training. D. Adventurous rides.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Museum of Perfume部分最后一句以及
Museum of Fairground Arts部分第二句可知，两座博物馆都提供了互
动活动。
√
B
　　（2025·泉州质检）When I was four， my grandfather suddenly
got lost in a park one day.It was the first instance that informed us that he
had Alzheimer’s disease （阿尔茨海默病）.Over the past 12 years，
his worsening condition and his wandering have been worrying us.My
aunt struggled to stay awake at night to watch over him， but often
failed.Concerned about my aunt’s wellbeing and my grandfather’s
safety， I searched widely for a solution， but in vain.
　　Then two years ago， while looking after my grandfather， I was
impressed by the moment when his foot landed on the floor.Why don’t I
put a pressure sensor on the bottom of his foot？ Once he stepped onto the
floor and out of the bed， the pressure sensor would detect an increase in
pressure caused by body weight and then wirelessly send an alarm to the
caregiver’s smartphone.My desire to create a sensor-based technology
was born.
　　When laying out my plan， I faced three main challenges.Firstly， I
had to create a wearable sensor.After testing different materials like
rubber， which was too thick， I decided to print a film sensor with
pressure-sensitive ink particles （颗粒）.Next， I had to design a
wearable wireless circuit.Thankfully， I was able to find out about the
Bluetooth low energy technology， which produces little power and can be driven by a coin-sized battery.Lastly， I learnt to code （编码） a
smartphone app to turn the caregiver’s smartphone into a remote
monitor.
　　Integrating these components， I successfully created two models： a built-in sock sensor and a re-attachable one.Having tested it on my
grandfather with 100% success in detecting his wandering， I beta-tested
it at California care facilities last summer.Now， I’m using response
from tests to improve it into a marketable product.
　　One thing I’ll never forget is when my device first caught my
grandfather’s wandering at night.At that moment， I was really struck
by the power of technology to change lives for the better.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的祖父患有阿尔茨海默病，家
人照顾困难，作者为解决问题发明压力传感器设备监测祖父行动，
以保障其安全。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的祖父患有阿尔茨海默病，家
人照顾困难，作者为解决问题发明压力传感器设备监测祖父行动，
以保障其安全。
4. What drove the author to seek a solution？（　　）
A. His knowledge about Alzheimer’s.
B. The encouragement from his aunt.
C. His worries about treating patients.
D. The struggle of tending his grandfather.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，照顾祖父的艰难
促使作者寻求解决办法。
√
5. What is the purpose of detecting the pressure under a patient’s feet？
（　　）
A. To measure his weight.
B. To monitor his motion.
C. To record his walking pace.
D. To estimate his health status.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，检测病人脚下压力
的目的是监测他的行动。
√
6. Why did the author choose a printed film sensor？（　　）
A. It’s thin. B. It’s energy-saving.
C. It’s coin-sized. D. It’s wireless.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，橡胶太厚了，所以
作者选择打印薄膜传感器，因为它很薄。
√
7. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Protecting Wandering Loved Ones
B. How Technology Empowers Lives
C. The Challenges of Alzheimer’s Disease Care
D. A Family’s Struggle with Alzheimer’s Disease
解析：　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，文章主要围绕
作者为防止患有阿尔茨海默病的祖父走失，发明压力传感器设备来保
障其安全的故事。
√
C
　　（2025·永州模拟）When we sleep， our brain is still actively
processing the day’s experiences and integrating them with past
memories.Previous studies have identified links between pupil （瞳孔）
size and sleep state， as well as between sleep state and memory
formation.However， it has been unclear how fresh memories are
processed without blurring into old ones.For example， how do we learn
to play the piano without forgetting how to ride a bike？
　　Researchers at Cornell University addressed this question by attaching brain-scanning electrodes and tiny eye-tracking cameras to mice.They monitored the mice as they learned new tasks during the day， such as
navigating a maze， and then observed them during sleep.（Fun fact：
mice can sleep with their eyes open.）
　　The study revealed two distinct substages during non-rapid eye
movement （NREM） sleep， a critical period for memory
formation.One substage replayed new memories， coinciding with
narrowed pupils.The other involved recalling older memories， marked
by widened pupils.These stages alternated rapidly.The team also
discovered that during the narrowed pupil stages， blocking sharp-wave
ripples （SWRs） limited the mice’s ability to remember new
information.
　　It is also found that the brain has an intermediate （中间的） period
that separates new learning from old knowledge.The results suggest that
the brain can multitask distinct cognitive processes during sleep to
facilitate continuous learning without interference.It’s like new
learning， old knowledge， new learning， old knowledge， shifting
slowly throughout sleep.
　　The implications of the study are far-reaching： such a non-invasive
means of monitoring brain function may help treat memory issues and
boost memory， for example.The study also supports the hypothesis （假
说） that human brains and computer systems may significantly forget old
information.Catastrophic forgetting， known in AI， is an area where
machines still lag behind biology.What’s more， the findings provide a
potential solution for preventing catastrophic interference while enabling
memory integration in both biological and artificial neural networks.
　　Despite the many similarities between human and mouse brains，
similar studies need to be conducted in humans to verify these results.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕睡眠中大脑对新旧记
忆进行整合的方式展开，它就像有一套特定的规则或代码。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕睡眠中大脑对新旧记
忆进行整合的方式展开，它就像有一套特定的规则或代码。
8. What do researchers at Cornell University focus on？（　　）
A. How pupil size is related to sleep state.
B. How people learn to perform new tasks.
C. How memories are kept without interference.
D. How sleep state is connected with memory formation.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段第一句可知，
目前尚不清楚新记忆是如何在不与旧记忆混淆的情况下被处理的，康
奈尔大学的研究人员通过研究解决了这个问题，即它们关注的是记忆
如何在不与旧记忆混淆，在无干扰的情况下被保存的。
√
9. What is the finding of the study？（　　）
A. Blocking SWRs removes old memories.
B. The brain processes new memories first.
C. Widened pupil is associated with replaying new memories.
D. A transitional stage distinguishes old memories from new ones.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，大脑有一个过渡阶
段将新旧记忆区分开来。
√
10. What is the implication of the study？（　　）
A. It provides an invasive solution to memory study.
B. It helps avoid large-scale interference and integrate memory.
C. It denies that brains and computers may forget information
dramatically.
D. It supports that machines perform better in catastrophic forgetting than
brains.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，这项研究有助于
避免大规模干扰并整合记忆。
√
11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. Code of Memory Integration in Sleep
B. Role of Sleep in Memory and Learning
C. Pupil Size： A Window into Human Brain
D. A Breakthrough： How Mice Sleep with Eyes Open
解析：　标题归纳题。通读全文并结合第三段和第四段可知，文章
主要围绕睡眠中大脑对新旧记忆进行整合的方式展开，它就像有一套
特定的规则或代码。
√
THANKS
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