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(共36张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Reading and Thinking
By the end of the class, students will be able to：
1. develop the reading ability, appreciate the figures of speech and writing skills used in the text.
2. collect and master some words and phrases to describe a natural disaster.
3. identify the language features of literary journalism and the structures of the text.
4. know the events, damage, loss and rescue measures of a natural disaster, and hold a strong belief that disasters have no mercy, but humans do.
Yushu
April 14, 2010
Wenchuan May 12, 2008
Tangshan
July 28, 1976
What major earthquakes do you know
Thousands of buildings ___________.
fell down
People were_____________________.
trapped or badly hurt
The water pipes __________________.
cracked and burst
The city was_________and lay_______.
destroyed
in ruins
What can happen to a city during a big earthquake
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
Prediction
Look at the title and photos below and guess what is the text about Then read and check if you are right.
The text is about _____________
an earthquake
when
where
what
figure of speech(修辞)
A. simile(明喻)
B. personification (拟人)
C. exaggeration (夸张)
What’s the main idea of the passage
The passage mainly talks about an ___________(what) that happened in ________(where) _______________(when).
What’s the type of this text
A. a brochure
B. a novel
C. a literary journalism
earthquake
Tangshan
on 28 July 1976
Read for structure
For several days
At about 3:00 a.m.
on 28 July 1976
At 3:42 a.m.
later that afternoon
soon after the quakes
Before
During
After
The text is organized in______ order.
time
How does the author organize the passage
Para 1
Before
the earthquake
Para 2&3
During the earthquake
Para 4&5
After
the earthquake
Happening of the earthquake.
Warning signs before the earthquake.
Immediate effects of the earthquake.
Rescue work after the earthquake.
Revival of the city.
destroy
rescue
signs
Summarize each part with key words.
What are the signs(strange things)
What was the attitude of people towards those strange things
Read for details
Part 1: Para 1
The author describes this part by _________________.
giving examples
___________ in the sky
___________were heard
Chickens & pigs were
_________________
Mice ran out ______________________
bright lights
__________ in the well walls
deep cracks
too nervous to eat
___________ from it
smelly gas
Water in the village wells _____________________
rose and fell, rose and fell
Dogs _________________________
refused to go inside buildings
looking for places to hide
Fish_____________________
jumped out
of the water
What about the people What did they do
They were asleep as usual that night.
ignorant
unaware
loud noises
qFast Reading: skimming
Circle the numbers and find the infoemation about them.
What was people’s feeling at that time
Part 2: Para 2&3
The author describes the severity of the damage by
_________________.
giving numbers
The _______caused by the earthquake
The suffering of the people
At _________, everything began to shake.
___ kilometers directly below, …damage more than ____ kilometers…
_______ of the nation felt the earthquake.
A huge crack that was __ kilometres long and___ metres wide cut across...
In less than___ minute, a large city lay in ruins.
3:42 a.m.
1/3
8
30
1
___________ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.
____________ of children were left without parents.
The number of people who were killed or….reached more than ________.
2/3
400,000
11
150
Thousands
Para.2
to show the earthquake was very ________ and it caused a lot of _________ to people and the city.
to make the article more ____________ and ___________ .
serious
damage
convincing
shocking
Why does the writer use so many numbers
damage
what did the city look like after the quake
shocked
There was nothing but ruins.
buildings/factories/homes/hospitals________
bricks_________________
bridges/tracks_____________
bows/pigs/chickens__________
Para.3
What is people’s attitude
water/food/electricity______________
People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
hopeless
were gone
were destroyed
were dead
were hard to get
desperate
covered everywhere
qFast Reading: skimming
Why does the author say “hope was not lost”
What was people’s feeling at that time
What helped in the revival of Tangshan city
But hope was not lost.
Part 3: Para 4&5
After the earthquake
Rescue
the army
doctors
and nurses
workers
Who
What
sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to those who were and the dead.
came to provide .
built for survivors
whose homes .
How
The city began to again .
dig out
trapped
to bury
medical care
shelters
had been destroyed
breathe
Hopeful
Why does the author say “hope was not lost”
When disaster struck, help came from all sides！
After the earthquake
Revival
strong support from the government
tireless efforts of the city’s people
A new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
A home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in , , and .
transportation
industry
environment
What helped in the revival of Tangshan city
In times of disasters, people must and show the wisdom to stay and for a brighter future.
unify
positive
rebuild
Tangshan’s new look
A man can be destroyed but not defeated.
一个人可以被毁灭，但绝不会被打败。
Disasters have no mercy, but humans do.
天灾无情，人有情。
If everyone gives a hand, the world would be full of love.
如果每个人都施以援手，世界将充满爱。
What can we learn from Tangshan’s revival
Hopeless ruins
Flourishing city
Explore the figure of speech in the following sentences.
The night the earth didn’t sleep.(title)
For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. (L2)
3.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. (L8)
4.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.（L12）
5.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.(L18)
6.Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. (L20)
7.Slowly, the city began to breathe again.(L37)
exaggeration(夸张)
metaphor(暗喻）
simile(明喻)
parallelism(排比)
personification(拟人)
repetition (反复)
personification(拟人)
Function: to make the description __________________________.
more vivid (生动形象)
Tangshan Earthquake Before the earthquake ·The water in the village wells ①___________ and fell again and again.
·Animals in the farmyards became too ②__________ to eat.
During the earthquake At 3：42 am everything began to ③____________.
And hard hills of rock became rivers of ④____________.
Damages of the earthquake Over 400，000 people were killed or ⑤____________ in the earthquake. And nearly everything was ⑥____________.
rose
nervous
shake
dirt
injured
destroyed
Retell
The help from the whole nation Soldiers dug out those who were ⑦________ and buried the dead. Medical workers came to provide medical ⑧_______. Workers built ⑨________ for survivors.
The great success people have achieved The new city has taken on a new look, with great
⑩_______________ in transportation, industry, and
environment.
trapped
care
shelters
improvements
When facing natural disasters, maybe we are so powerless. But we need to hold the firm belief that our country will never give up on us,and unity can overcome everything.
In the meantime, all of us really need to arouse our awareness of disaster prevention!
Lessons we can learn:
unify
1. The huge earthquake left the whole city____________
2. Everyone was _________, thinking the world must be coming to an end
3. Millions of people were left without water, food, or ________
4. Soliders and volunteers worked as hard as they could to pull away________ and rocks, and rescue those who were________ under the ruins.
5. Some were found alive, though they were suffering from terrible injuries, but others had already stopped_________ when they weree discovered.
6. A few buildings were still standing, but people were afraid to use them as shelters, worrying they would be ________if the building fell.
in ruins
in shock
eletricity
bricks
trapped
breathing
buried
Read the sentences describing what happened after a huge earthquakefrom the text.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the new words and phrases.
A
B
Suppose you are a reporter from China Daily. Ask a student the ways he or she knows to keep safe in an accident.
Citizen
Suppose you are a survivor of Tangshan earthquake. Answer the reporter’s questions according to your experience.
Survivor
C
D
Suppose you are a social volunteer of Tangshan earthquake. Answer the reporter’s questions according to your experience
Volunteer
Suppose you are a government official of Tangshan earthquake. Answer the reporter’s questions about the rebuilding of new Tangshan.
official
Interview
Language Points
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside of the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
定语从句
现在分词作后置定语
现在分词作状语
were/was doing 过去进行时
too...to 太…而不能
as usual 像往常一样
Para 1
主语+be+ too ... to ...
“太……而不能……”
1) too+adj./adv. (for sb.)+to do sth.结构,表否定的意义,意为“太……而不能……”,但当too ... to ...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious、eager、glad、happy、pleased、ready、willing等时,不定式则表肯定意义。
2) adj./adv. enough (for sb.)+to do sth. (对于某人)足够……做某事
①I am too pleased to help you improve your fitness.
我很乐意帮助你提高身体素质。(建议信)
②Too embarrassed ______ (face) my family, I simply called over my shoulder to Dad that I was leaving.
我很不好意思面对我的家人,我只是扭头对爸爸说我要走了。(续写情感细节描写)
③Then suddenly, the noise became loud enough ________ (wake) up the dead! Frightening!
突然,声音大得能吵醒死人!太可怕了! (续写情感细节描写)
to face
to wake
At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
定语从句
定语从句
定语从句
Para 2
one of +adj.最高级+名词复数
lie in ruin 沦为废墟
as if/though
“似乎/好像”
①引导表语从句：常跟在特定动词后面,如seem、look、taste、sound、feel等。
②引导方式状语从句：常置于行为动词之后。
eg. I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.
Hurry up! It looks as if the train is going to move.
You look as if you didn’t care.
He behaved as if nothing had happened.
He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
① The kids are very friendly with her and even look up to her as if
she _____(be) their own mother.
② It seems as if you ____(be) really enthusiastic about Chinese culture. So I suggest you apply to Peking University, one of the best universities in China.
③ Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he
___________ (do) something very clever.
④我目瞪口呆地站在那里，脚像在地上扎了根一样，一动也不能动。
_________________________________________________________________________________
were
are
had done
I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn't move a bit.
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city's factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock-and then, later that afternoon, another bit quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
宾语从句
宾语从句
Para 3
everywhere 引导地点状从，表示“....之处”
=only，表示“除了……以外什么也没有”
blow away 吹散；吹走
而不是
震惊，吃惊
倒塌
But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
定语从句
定语从句
Para 4
dig out 挖出；挖掘
send sb. to do sth.派遣某人做某事
provide sb. sth.提供某人某物
and 连接两个并列的不定式短语
做目的状语
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
宾语从句
Para 5
a home to 某人的家园
不懈努力
拟人
re- 表“重新，再次”
rewrite/reuse/review/
recycle/refresh/ reborn

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