资源简介

(共42张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Words and Expressions
新人教版
Formation
Live to Tell: Raising Awareness, Reducing Mortality. 用生命呼吁：增强减灾意识，减少人员伤亡。
1. disaster n.灾难，灾害→disastrous adj. 灾难性的→disastrously adv.
2. flood n．洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt. 使灌满水;淹没
3. destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭（destroy-destroyed-destroyed）→destruction n.破坏；毁灭→destructive adj.毁灭性的；破坏性的
4. death n. 死；死亡→dead adj. 无生命的→ die vi.死；死亡（die-died-died-dying）→ dying adj. 垂死的→ deadly adj. 致命的
5．affect v. 影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→affection n. 喜爱;慈爱→affectionate adj.充满深情的→effect n.影响;结果→effective adj.有效的→effectively adv.有效地→ineffective adj.无效的
6.percent n. 百分之…… adj. & adv.每一百中→percentage n.百分率；
die of/from 死于......
be dying for sth 渴望sth
be dying to do sth 渴望做某事
7.shock n. 震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 v. (使)震惊→shocked adj.吃惊的;震惊的→shocking adj. 令人震惊的;令人难以置信的
8．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的
9．bury vt.埋葬;安葬;使陷入→burial n．埋葬；葬礼
10．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的→
breathlessly adv.上气不接下气地
11.revive vt. & vi. 复活；(使)苏醒→revival n. 振兴；复苏
12．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力→effortless adj. 不费力的,轻松的
13.unify v.统一→unification n.统一
unite v.团结;联合→united adj.联合的,一致的,团结的→unity n.团结一致→union n.联盟
14.wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→wisely adv.明智地→unwise adj.不明智的
15．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．痛苦→sufferer n．患者；受难者
16.erupt v.(火山)爆发→eruption n.爆发
17.volcano n.火山→volcanic adj.火山的;猛烈的
18.supply n.补给;补给品(supplies) v.供应→supplier n.供应商;供应者
19.survive vi. 生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物→survivor n.幸存者
20.power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的→powerless adj.无力的
in an emergency 在紧急情况下 emergency exit 紧急出口
21.emergent adj.紧急的→emergency n.紧急情况;突发事件
22.calm adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静→calmly adv. 平静地;镇静地→calmness n. 平静;镇静
23.strike (struck-struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击→striking adj.惊人的;显著的;引人注目的→striker n. 罢工者
24．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n.投递；交付
25．summary n．总结；概括；概要→summaris(z)e vt.& vi.总结；概括
26. length n．长；长度→long adj.长的 v.渴望→lengthen v．(使)变长→longing adj.渴望的
in summary 总之;概括起来=to summarize
long for sth 渴望某物
long to do sth 渴望做某事
1.flood [fl d] n. 洪水;大量v.淹没;大量涌入 ;使灌满水
a flood of 大量;一阵
flood control 防洪控制
flood in/into =crowd into 大量涌入…
flood out of ...蜂拥而出
be flooded with 挤满了...= be filled with/be full of
a flood of +情感 wells up in sb 一阵......涌上心头
大量的学生涌入大厅，大厅里挤满了学生。
A flood of students flooded into the hall and the hall was flooded with students.
翻译：焦虑涌上我心头 (anxiety)
A flood of anxiety welled up in me.
2.rescue→rescuer n.救援人员=rescue worker
rescue sb. from… 把…从…中救出来
a rescue team 救援队
attempt a rescue设法（实行）营救
make/perform a rescue进行营救
come/go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb 救援某人
rescue effort/operation/attempt 营救行动
翻译:那个士兵把这个婴儿从洪水中救出来。
The soldier rescued the baby from the flood.
3.magnitude n. 震级;重大;重要性
e.g: The terrible earthquake of 2008 in Wen Chuan had a magnitude of 8.1.

longitude n 经度（long长）
latitude n 纬度，言行自由（lat宽，阔）
altitude n 高度
attitude n 态度
4.damage vt. 损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失(UN)
damaged 被损坏的
do/cause damage to… 对…造成损害
damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
翻译：洪水对庄稼造成了极大的损害。
The flood did/caused great damage to the crops.
5. affect / fekt/ v. & n. 影响, 感染, 情感
affect sb./sth. 影响某人/某事
be (deeply) affected/touched/moved by 被...（深深地）打动
be affected with 感染......疾病
affection n.喜爱；钟爱
have a great affection for ... 很喜欢...
with great affection 深情地
n. 影响；结果；效果
effect
effective adj. 有效果的
in effect 事实上；有效；在实施中
come into effect 生效;见效=take effect
bring/put sth into effect 使生效，实行
have an effect/influence/impact on 对……产生影响
Nowadays technology has greatly affected our life.
如今技术已经深深地影响着我们的生活。
As far as I’m concerned, following others’ advice without thinking affects our own decision.
显而易见，不加思考就接受他人的意见将影响我们的决定。
(affect; effect)
(1)As I ____________by the show the White Snake Legend,I began to develop a deep ________ for Peking Opera. (affect)
(2)Sandstorms also reduce visibility,________ (affect) airplanes and road transportation.
(3)The government must find out the cause and of the tsunami, which has greatly the whole area, and take measures to avoid further damage.
(4)People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more ________ (effect).
was affected
affection
affecting
effect
effectively
affected
effective
6.shelter
n.避难处;居所;庇护 v.保护;掩蔽 ;躲避(风/雨/危险)
shelterless adj. 无遮蔽的
seek shelter from 寻找......庇护
emergency shelter 紧急避难所
under the shelter of 在...的掩蔽下
shelter/protect ...from... 保护...免受...
1. 翻译：树木可以保护田地不受冷风侵袭。
2. 政府为受灾群众搭建临时帐篷以躲避寒冷的风雨。
The government put up some temporary tents to
______ ______ ______ cold wind and rain .
from
shelter
them
Trees can shelter fields from cold wind.
n. 废墟，毁灭；vt. 破坏，毁灭
7.ruin
in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
be/lie in ruins成为废墟;毁灭
fall into ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪
ruin one's hope/health/plan 破坏某人的希望/健康/计划等
When we reached the destination, we saw an old temple .
Even if our hope (ruin), we wouldn’t give up and we were still positive about our future.
was ruined
in ruins
例句
◆ damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和 badly、seriously 等副词搭配
◆ destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和 completely、entirely 等副词搭配；
◆ ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此物仍然存在。
趣味巧记:
头发经常烫、染，容易损伤(damage)头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁(destroy)了 ，只能剪掉。
做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在,但发型被毁(ruin)了
1. The bad weather __________________ (毁了我们的旅行).
2. Too much packaging is ______________________________ (对……造成严重损坏) the environment.
3. A number of paintings in this castle are believed to
___________________ (被毁掉) in a fire in 2009.
根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。
doing / causing serious damage to
have been destroyed
ruined our trip
n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. 使震惊
8.shock
to one’s shock 令某人震惊的是 in shock震惊；吃惊
a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是个震撼
culture shock 文化冲击 electric shock 电击
vt. 使震惊
be shocked/ surprised/ amazed to do sth 因......做某事感到震惊
be shocked/ surprised/ amazed at/by...... 对......感到震惊
It shocks sb. to do sth./It shocks sb. that... 做某事/....让某人感到震惊
shocked (adj.) “感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和心理感受；
shocking (adj.) “令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。
n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. 使震惊
shock
1) I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I _____________ (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
2) After the __________ news spread throughout the whole city, everyone felt ________. (shock)
3) She was __________ (震惊地) for about two weeks after the accident.
was shocked
shocking
shocked
in shock
vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n. 险境；陷阱
9.trap
trap-trapped-trapped
be/get trapped/stuck/caught in 被困在……中;陷入困境
trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事
set a trap for 给……设圈套
fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱
1. I, rather than he, succeed in (trap) Bob into telling the truth.
2. The hunter set a trap the wolf to catch it.
3The little girl was ________ (trap) in the lift for nearly an hour before being rescued.
2. We should avoid ____________ (trap) in the same old ways of thinking.
trapped
for
trapping
being trapped
10. bury/ beri/ v. & n.埋葬
He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(读后续写之动作描写)
→______________________________________________________(用doing作状语改写)
bury one’s face/head in one’s hands双手掩面/抱头
be buried in (doing) sth=bury oneself in (doing) sth 埋头/专心（做）某事
buried adj. 被埋葬的
burial n.葬礼, 埋葬仪式
He wept sadly，burying his face in his hands.
bury—buried—buried—burying
翻译：我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。
①___________(bury) myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained lots of colorful knowledge.
②_________(bury) in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained lots of colorful knowledge.
Burying
Buried
◆拓展：表示“专心于”的短语还有：
be lost in...;be absorbed in...;be devoted to doing...＝
devote oneself to doing...;focus on...；concentrate on...
Eg. She buried her face in her hands and cried bitterly.
有些过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表示主语的状态。
be dressed in穿着 be lost in 陷入 be devoted to 致力于
be located in坐落于be faced with面对be absorbed in全神贯注于
be occupied in 忙于
11. breath /breθ/ n.呼吸, 气息
take a deep breath 深呼吸 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath= breathless 气喘吁吁的
lose one’s breath 喘不过气
take one's breath away令人惊叹;让人叹绝
breathe v. 呼吸 breathe in/out 呼入/呼出
breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气
breathtaking 令人惊叹的
翻译：她跑上楼梯(stairs)后气喘吁吁。
She was out of breath after running up the stairs.
revive v复苏，苏醒 → revival n.
survive v幸存，存活 → survival n.
crime v.犯罪→criminal n. 罪犯
arrive v.到达→arrival n.到达
propose v,建议→proposal n.建议
approve v赞成→approval n.赞成，批准
refuse→refusal拒绝
remove→removal移除
n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
13.effort
make efforts/an effort to do sth.努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事=make every effort to do sth with joint effort 共同努力
be worth the effort值得努力 without effort毫不费力地
Only joint efforts can we make it to the destination, so never lose heart.
The boy made an effort (work) out the difficult math problems.
父母为孩子安排好一切,不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。
Parents arrange everything for their children and _________________ pave the way for their success.
with
spare no effort to
to work
14. wise adj明智的，聪明的
wisdom n. 智慧，才智
a man of great wisdom 智者
words of wisdom 至理名言
free自由的→freedom n 自由
wise智慧的→wisdom n 智慧
bored 无聊的→boredom n无聊
king国王→kingdom n 国王
vt. 遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
15.suffer
suffering n. 折磨；苦难 sufferer n.患病者；受苦者
sufferable adj. 可忍受的
suffer from 患……病；因……而受苦
suffer losses/ pains/ damage/failure　遭受损失/ 痛苦/破坏/失败
bear the suffering 忍受痛苦
1. The survivor never talked about his (suffer) in the flood.
2. The delighted man warmly welcomed us, telling us his wife_____ from a variety of illnesses.
suffered
sufferings
n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品
vt. 供应；供给
supply
16.
the water/electricity/gas/food supply 水/电力/煤气/食物供应
( be）in short supply 供应不足
a good supply of… …的充足供应
supply sb with sth = supply sth. to sb 向某人提供某物
= provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb= offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
1. His fields of ice perfectly timed irrigation water.
2. Foreign governments supplied arms the rebels.
=Foreign governments supplied the rebels with arms.
supply
to
vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过
17.survive
survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. 幸存 ;残存物
survive from 从……幸存
survive on =live on 依靠……生存下来
survive sb by… 比某人多活了…
He was very lucky that he didn‘t starve to death, but survived the cold winter.
The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea.
The old lady has survived her elder brother by ten years.
一词多义
艰难度过
生存；存活
比……活得长
adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt. 使平静
18.calm
calm down 平静下来
calm sb down　使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来
stay/keep/remain calm 保持镇静
【单词辨析】
quiet 不吵;（人）文静
calm 不慌;（天气）无风的;（海洋）风平浪静
still 不动 silent 不语
(keep) calm is very necessary in case of an emergency.
例句
Keeping
n. 援助；帮助；救援物资
vi. & vt. 帮助；援助
19.aid
first aid 急救 in aid of...为了帮助...
with the aid of sb 在……的帮助下
come to the aid of sb帮某人的忙
do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid (to sb)（对某人）实施急救
aid sb to do sth/ aid sb in (doing) sth 帮助某人做某事
aid sb with sth 以某物帮助某人
1. the aid of a local architect, the pupils put up this shelter.
2.They had the power to aid him his design.
例句
with
in/with
20.sweep v.打扫(sweep-swept-swept)
①扫;打扫;扫除
Tomb Sweeping Day 清明节
sweep up 打扫;清扫
sweep out 打扫干净，清扫干净
②横扫;掠过; (暴风雨等)袭击;席卷
sweep away 消灭;彻底消除
sweep through... 席卷...；轻易通过...
21.wave n.海浪;热浪 v.挥手
wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别
wave at sb 向某人招手
give sb a wave 向某人招手
22. strike/stra k/ vt & vi. 侵袭，击打 n.罢工
strike-struck-struck/stricken-striking
striking adj.引人注目的
区分stick(坚持): stick-stuck-stuck-sticking
(1)strike a match 划火柴 strike twelve(钟)敲十二下
(2)sth. strikes/ struck sb.... 某人突然想起...
It strikes/hits /occurs to sb. that...某人突然想起...
(3)be struck by... 被...打动
strike... into one’s heart 使某人感到...
be on strike 在罢工
strike sb on the+身体部位 敲打身体部位
Strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁
The clock struck twelve when I got home last night.
A terrible earthquake did strike the city on 11 March.
A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper.
The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.
Strike the iron while it's hot.
一词多义
(钟)敲
侵袭、袭击
突然想到
打动；
把…迷住
打
23. deliver /d l v r/ vt./ vi. 递送 vt.发表
deliver sth. to sb.把某物运送/传达给某人
deliver a speech/lecture发表演讲;作报告
deliver a baby 接生
deliver on a promise 履行承诺
special delivery 快递
delivery n.递送
deliverable adj.可传递的
deliveryman n.快递员
翻译：公司承诺在三天内交付货物。
The company promised to deliver the goods within three days.
24. summary / s m ri/ n. 总结
in summary 总之=to summarize
=all in all/ in a word=in short
summarize/summarise vt.总结
翻译：总之，虽然我们遇到了一些挑战，但我们的未来还是前途无量。
In summary, while we are facing some challenges, our future is quite promising.
25. length n. 长；长度;（持续）时间的长短;篇幅
long adj.长的 lengthen v.使变长
in length在长度上
at length最后，最终
at great/full length十分详尽地
（adj） （n） （v）
长 long length lengthen
宽 wide width widen
高 high height heighten
深 deep depth deepen
温暖 warm warmth warm
力量 strong strength strengthen
宽度 broad breadth broaden
重点句型
1. be doing...when...
例句：I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：
be about to do...when... 正要做……突然……
be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……突然……
had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时突然……
(1)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2)双胞胎正在煲(stew)鸡肉粥，这时他们的爸爸迈进了厨房。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
(3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
We were about to leave/were on the point of leaving when a big noise came from the next room.
The twins were stewing chicken porridge when their father marched into the kitchen.
I had just escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground.
THANK YOU !
Words and Expressions
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