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新人教版英语八年级上册 Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes 知识清单
一、核心词汇详解 (按主题分类，含中考高频词)
1. 时间表达与时间顺序 (高频考点)
词汇 词性 释义 课本/实用例句 中考要点
tomorrow n./adv. 明天；在明天 See you tomorrow! 常用时间状语
future n. 将来；未来 What will the future be like in the future 在将来
recent adj. 最近的；近来的 In recent years, technology has developed fast. recently (adv.) 最近
present n./adj. 现在；礼物；现在的 We should focus on the present. at present 目前；现在
past n./adj./prep. 过去；过去的；经过 We can learn from the past. in the past 在过去
century n. 世纪；百年 We live in the 21st century. the turn of the century 世纪之交
decade n. 十年 The city has changed a lot in the past decade. 注意发音 / deke d/
period n. 时期；一段时间 This is a difficult period for the company. a period of time 一段时间
moment n. 片刻；瞬间 Wait a moment, please. at the moment 此刻；目前
sudden adj. 突然的；忽然的 There was a sudden change in the weather. all of a sudden 突然地
gradual adj. 逐渐的；逐步的 There has been a gradual improvement. gradually (adv.) 逐渐地
immediate adj. 立即的；即刻的 Please give me an immediate reply. immediately (adv.) 立即地
permanent adj. 永久的；持久的 This is a permanent job. 反义词：temporary 临时的
temporary adj. 临时的；暂时的 This is just a temporary solution. temporary job 临时工作
2. 变化、发展与预测
词汇 词性 释义 课本/实用例句 中考要点
predict v. 预言； 预测 It’s hard to predict the future. prediction (n.) 预测
forecast v./n. 预测； 预报 The weather forecast says it will rain. weather forecast 天气预报
imagine v. 想象； 设想 Can you imagine living on Mars imagination (n.) 想象力
expect v. 预料； 期待 We expect him to arrive soon. be expected to 被期望……
anticipate v. 预期； 预料 We anticipate that prices will rise. 比expect更正式
change v./n. 改变； 变化 The city has changed a lot. change one’s mind 改变主意
develop v. 发展； 开发 Technology develops rapidly. developed country 发达国家
improve v. 改进； 改善 We must improve our environment. improvement (n.) 改进
increase v./n. 增加； 增长 The population is increasing. 反义词：decrease 减少
discover v. 发现； 发觉 Scientists discovered a new planet. discovery (n.) 发现
invent v. 发明； 创造 Who invented the telephone invention (n.) 发明
create v. 创造； 创作 Artists create beautiful works. creation (n.) 创造
appear v. 出现； 显得 A rainbow appeared after the rain. 反义词：disappear 消失
disappear v. 消失 The sun disappeared behind the clouds. disappearance (n.) 消失
3. 科技与未来生活
词汇 词性 释义 课本/实用例句
technology n. 技术；工艺 Modern technology makes life easier.
robot n. 机器人 Robots may do housework in the future.
computer n. 计算机；电脑 We use computers to work and study.
Internet n. 因特网；互联网 You can find information on the Internet.
smart adj. 智能的；聪明的 Smart phones are very popular.
automatic adj. 自动的 The doors are automatic.
electric adj. 电的；用电的 We use electric lights every day.
solar adj. 太阳的 Solar energy is clean and renewable.
virtual adj. 虚拟的 Virtual reality games are exciting.
environmental adj. 环境的 We face many environmental problems.
pollution n. 污染 Air pollution is a serious problem.
energy n. 能源；能量 We should save energy.
4. 可能性与不确定性
词汇 词性 释义 课本/实用例句 中考要点
possible adj. 可能的 It is possible to travel to the moon. as...as possible 尽可能…
impossible adj. 不可能的 Nothing is impossible if you try. 反义词：possible
probable adj. 很可能的 It is probable that it will rain. probably (adv.) 很可能
likely adj./adv. 可能的；很可能 He is likely to come. be likely to do sth. 可能做某事
certain adj. 确定的；肯定的 I am certain that I locked the door. certainly (adv.) 当然
uncertain adj. 不确定的 The future is uncertain. uncertainty (n.) 不确定性
maybe adv. 也许；可能 Maybe we can go together. = perhaps
perhaps adv. 也许；可能 Perhaps he will change his mind. 比maybe稍正式
probably adv. 很可能；大概 It will probably snow tonight. 可能性比maybe/perhaps大
possibly adv. 可能地；也许 Can you possibly lend me some money 常与can连用加强语气
definitely adv. 肯定地；明确地 I will definitely be there. 语气强烈的肯定
5. 职业与未来选择
词汇 词性 释义 课本/实用例句 中考要点
career n. 职业；事业 Choosing the right career is important. career planning 职业规划
profession n. 职业；专业 Teaching is a noble profession. professional (adj.) 专业的
job n. 工作；职业 She found a good job in a bank. 可数名词
occupation n. 职业；工作 What’s your occupation 较正式的说法
employ v. 雇用 The company employs 200 people. employer (n.) 雇主
hire v. 租用；雇用 We hired a car for our trip. hire sb. to do sth. 雇某人做某事
retire v. 退休 My grandfather retired last year. retirement (n.) 退休
salary n. 薪水 He gets a good salary. 通常指月薪或年薪
wage n. 工资 Workers get their wages every week. 通常指周薪或时薪
interview n./v. 面试；采访 I have a job interview tomorrow. give an interview 接受采访
6. 社会与全球议题
词汇 词性 释义 课本/实用例句
population n. 人口 China has a large population.
global adj. 全球的；全世界的 Climate change is a global problem.
economic adj. 经济的；经济学的 The country is facing economic difficulties.
social adj. 社会的；社交的 We have many social problems to solve.
poverty n. 贫穷；贫困 We must fight against poverty.
hunger n. 饥饿 Many people suffer from hunger.
peace n. 和平 World peace is everyone’s wish.
war n. 战争 We should prevent war.
resource n. 资源 We must protect natural resources.
crisis n. 危机 The country is facing an economic crisis.
7. 易混淆词汇辨析 (中考常考)
（1）invent vs. discover
invent：发明（原本不存在的东西）。Bell invented the telephone.
discover：发现（原本存在但不为人知的事物）。Columbus discovered America.
（2）prediction vs. forecast
prediction：一般性预测，范围较广。predictions about the future
forecast：常指基于数据的专业性预测。weather forecast
（3）maybe vs. may be
maybe：副词，“也许”，通常用于句首。Maybe he is right.
may be：情态动词may + be动词，“可能是”。He may be right.
（4）job vs. work
job：可数名词，指具体的工作职位。She has a good job.
work：不可数名词，指工作本身或劳动。I have a lot of work to do.
（5）salary vs. wage
salary：通常指白领的月薪/年薪。a monthly salary
wage：通常指蓝领的周薪/时薪。hourly wages
二、重点短语与句型
短语 释义 课本/中考例句
in the future 在将来 What will life be like in the future
come true (梦想、希望)实现 His dream of becoming a pilot finally came true.
turn into 变成；转变为 Caterpillars turn into butterflies.
take the place of 代替；取代 Will robots take the place of human workers
instead of 代替；而不是 Let’s walk instead of taking a bus.
make a difference 有影响；起重要作用 Your help can make a big difference.
keep up with 跟上；不落后 It’s hard to keep up with new technology.
run out of 用完；耗尽 We’re running out of fresh water.
三、语法聚焦：时间状语从句和条件状语从句 (状语从句 I)
1. 状语从句概述
状语从句在句子中作状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。本单元重点学习时间状语从句和条件状语从句。
2. 时间状语从句
由表示时间的连接词引导，说明主句动作发生的时间。
(1) 常用引导词
when (当……时)：When I grow up, I want to be a doctor.
while (在……期间；与……同时)：While I was reading, my brother was watching TV.
as (当……时；随着)：As time goes by, we grow older.
before (在……之前)：Finish your homework before you watch TV.
after (在……之后)：After he arrived, we started the meeting.
until/till (直到……为止)：Wait here until I come back.
since (自从……以来)：I have lived here since I was born.
as soon as (一……就……)：I’ll call you as soon as I arrive.
once (一旦……)：Once you understand the rule, it’s easy.
by the time (到……时候为止)：By the time we got there, the movie had started.
(2) 中考高频考点：“主将从现”
在时间状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
I will tell him when he comes back. (√)
I will tell him when he will come back. (×)
(3) 特殊用法
when 引导的从句：可表示一个时间点或时间段。
When I was young, I lived in Beijing. (时间段)
When the bell rings, class begins. (时间点)
while 引导的从句：强调主从句动作同时发生，从句动词常为延续性动词。
While I was studying, my mother was cooking.
3. 条件状语从句
由表示条件的连接词引导，说明主句动作发生的条件。
(1) 常用引导词
if (如果)：If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go hiking.
unless (除非；如果不)：You won’t succeed unless you work hard. (= if you don’t work hard)
as/so long as (只要)：You can borrow my book as long as you return it.
in case (万一；假使)：Take an umbrella in case it rains.
(2) 中考高频考点：“主将从现”
在条件状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
We will go for a picnic if it is sunny tomorrow. (√)
We will go for a picnic if it will be sunny tomorrow. (×)
(3) 特殊用法
unless = if... not (除非 = 如果不)
I won’t go unless you go with me. = I won’t go if you don’t go with me.
if 引导的从句位置灵活：可位于主句前或后。位于主句前时，常用逗号与主句隔开。
If you need help, please call me. = Please call me if you need help.
4. 状语从句的时态总结
主句时态 时间/条件从句时态 例句
一般将来时 一般现在时 I will call you when I arrive.
一般现在时 根据需要选择时态 If you heat ice, it melts. (真理)
祈使句 一般现在时 Don’t talk while you are eating.
含有情态动词 一般现在时 You can go out after you finish your homework.
5. 中考高频易错点
“主将从现”规则的误用
误将将来时用于时间/条件从句中。必须牢记：在if, when, before, after, until, as soon as等引导的从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
2. when 与 while 的区别
when 可接短暂性动词或延续性动词；while 只接延续性动词。
When/While I was walking home, it started to rain. (延续性，两者均可)
When I got home, the phone rang. (短暂性，只能用when)
3. if 引导两种从句
条件状语从句：If it rains, we’ll stay at home. (如果下雨)
宾语从句：I wonder if it will rain tomorrow. (是否下雨) — 此处if = whether，从句时态根据需要。
4. since 引导的时间状语从句
主句通常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
I have known him since we were children.

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