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(共52张PPT)
专题一 阅读理解
第一节 细节理解
细节理解题考查对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节（如时间、
地点、人物、数据、原因、结果等）精准理解的能力，以及从原文中
快速定位关键信息，并进行细节比对或同义转换的能力。题干针对原
文提到的某事物、现象或理论进行提问。常见的设题方式有：
1.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles
account for in 2018
2.Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily
3.Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta #1.3
4.How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph
5.What do the four walks have in common
6.How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply #1.6
类型一 直接信息题
例 （2025·全国二卷·A片段）
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting
the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and
White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive
building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. One of the four
original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Q. Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta ( )
C
A. In the Ludlow Castle.
B. In the Foodie Center of England.
C. In the Hereford Cathedral.
D. In the Black and White House Museum.
思路点拨
第一步：明确题干要求——你可以在哪里找到the Magna Carta的
最初版？选定关键词“the Magna Carta”;
第二步：根据关键词“the Magna Carta”快速定位到信息句“One of
the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”； 第
三步：从上文寻找“there”一词的具体地点并对比选项迅速锁定答案。
练 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·A片段）
Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort
zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in
the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch
（手电筒）along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the
dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission
to participate.
Date and Time: Saturday,1st October,at 18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
Walk Duration: 3 hours
Q. What are participants in Walk 3 required to do ( )
A
A. Wear proper clothes. B. Join a walking club.
C. Get special permits. D. Bring a survival guide.
[解析] 根据选段中的“A torch along with suitable clothing is essential
for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be
refused permission to participate.（手电筒和合适的衣服是走夜路必不
可少的。那些穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加。）”可知，第三种步行方案
的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选A。选项A中proper与文中suitable为
同义替换。
类型二 间接信息题
例 （2025·全国一卷·A片段）
This energy transition （变革） is global, and the amount of
renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,”
says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable
Energy Laboratory. It's estimated that the global demand for electricity
could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that
renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development
of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
Q. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition ( )
B
A. Limiting fuel consumption.
B. Putting more effort into renewables.
C. Improving energy efficiency.
D. Making electricity more affordable.
思路点拨
第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Wipke和energy transition；
第二步：根据关键词快速定位到信息句“We need to speed up the
development of green energy, and it will all get used”；
第三步：对比信息“speed up the development of green energy”和
选项，通过同义转述可得出正确答案。
练 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·B片段）
“You enter the fare gates（检票口） and you'll see a kiosk that is lit
up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-
minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for
the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit—known as BART. “You
choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short
story.”
Q. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk ( )
B
A. By popularity. B. By length.
C. By theme. D. By language.
[解析] 根据选段中的“you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a
five-minute story”和“You choose which length you want and it gives
you a receipt-like short story.”可知，自助服务亭中的故事按长度分类。
故选B。
类型三 数字计算题
例 （2025·全国一卷·A片段）
Moving goods and people around the
world is responsible for a large part of global
CO 2 emissions （排放）. As the world races
to decarbonize everything, it faces particular
problems with transportation—which accounts
for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of
transport.
Q. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles
account for in 2018 ( )
C
A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%.
思路点拨
第一步：明确题干要求——2018年，公路车辆的排放量占全球交
通运输排放量的百分比是多少？锁定关键词percentage和2018;
第二步：根据关键词快速定位到图表中关于ROAD VEHICLES的
两个数字45.1%和29.4%；
第三步：利用加法得出答案。
练 （2025·河南郑州外国语学校五调·A片段）
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subscription—a saving of over 50% off the usual ￡47.88 retail
price—and what's more, we will deliver it direct to your door for free!
Q. How much will you save if you take out a full one-year
subscription today ( )
C
A. ￡3. B. ￡22.99. C. ￡24.89. D. ￡47.88.
[解析] 根据“Our best price yet—It's only ￡22.99 for a full one-year
subscription—a saving of over 50% off the usual ￡47.88 retail price”
可知，如果你今天就全额订购一年，你可以节省￡47.88-
￡22.99=￡24.89。故选C。
类型四 综合信息题
综合信息题涉及一段的多处信息或多段内容，且各个细节信息都
能在文章中找到，需要考生综合分析、概括归纳，从而获得正确答案。
例 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·A）
Q. What do the four walks have in common ( )
D
A. They involve difficult climbing.
B. They are for experienced walkers.
C. They share the same start point.
D. They are scheduled for the weekend.
思路点拨
第一步：明确题干要求——这四种散步有什么共同之处？
第二步：根据关键信息have in common通读标题、首段，排除A、
B选项，再根据C、D关键信息start point和weekend通读四种散步的相
关信息，寻找其共同点；
第三步：根据信息源3—6 Saturday、Sunday、Saturday和Sunday可
确定答案。
练 （2023·全国乙卷·A片段）
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania
（c.1322） highlights the suspicion
that women practicing medicine
faced. Born to a Jewish family in
Florence, she moved to Paris where
she worked as a physician and
performed surgery. James Barry
（c.1789-1865） was born
Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but,
dressed as a man, she was
accepted by Edinburgh
University to study medicine.
In 1322 she was tried for
practicing unlawfully. In spite of the
court hearing testimonials （证明）
of her ability as a doctor, she was
banned from medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in
1813, then joined the British
Army, serving overseas. Barry
retired in 1859, having practiced
her entire medical profession
living and working as a man.
Q. What did Jacqueline and James have in common ( )
C
A. Doing teaching jobs.
B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Performing surgery.
D. Being banned from medicine.
[解析] 通读选段，找出二人的相同信息“performed surgery”以及“She
qualified as a surgeon in 1813”，由此可知，Jacqueline和James的共同
点是都做外科手术。故选C。
强化训练
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·浙江1月卷·A）
Interlibrary Loan （ILL） provides teachers, students and staff
with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own
libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters
from our collection.#1.3
Who Can Borrow？
Current students, teachers （including retired） and staff can
request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former
students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders.#1.4.1
How Long Does It Take
Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10
days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in
high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make
sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is
accurate.#1.5.1
Length of Loans
Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates
are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the
lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will
be indicated on the label. No renewals （续借） are allowed for
physical items borrowed through ILL.#1.6.1
Notification/Delivery Options
For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it
arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you
selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you
will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or
chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL
account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received.#1.7.1
Interlibrary Loan Fees#1.8
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries ＄15 ＄10
For-Profit Libraries ＄20 ＄12
International Libraries ＄25 ＄15
［语篇解读］ 文章主要介绍了图书馆馆际互借服务的相关信息，包含
面向的群体、借阅规则、通知方式及费用等。
★1. Who can use the ILL service ( )
C
A. Former students. B. Guest borrowers.
C. Retired teachers. D. Fee-card holders.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“Who”可定位到第一个小标题。
根据此部分中的“Current students, teachers （including retired） and
staff can request items through ILL.”可知，在校学生、教师
（包括退休教师）和工作人员可以通过ILL申请图书借阅。故选C。
★2. What is a rule for borrowing a print book through ILL ( )
D
A. Pay an extra fee for delivery.
B. Renew it before the due date.
C. Pick it up at the lending library.
D. Return it when it is recalled.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Length of Loans部分中的“Borrowed items
are subject to recall by the lending library.（出借图书馆有权召回已借
阅的图书）”可知，通过ILL借阅的纸质书被召回时需要归还。故选D。
★3. How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an
international library ( )
D
A. ＄15. B. ＄20. C. ＄24. D. ＄30.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“international library”定位到表格
中最后一行，由此可知从国际图书馆获取一篇文章的费用是15美元。
由此可计算出两篇文章的费用是15×2=30美元。故选D。
B
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·湖北十堰模拟）
Every year, as many as 3,000 dogs from all over the world
gather in New York City to compete in the famous Westminster
Kennel Club Dog Show that lasts three or four days. Established in
1877, it's the oldest show of its kind. It's also one of the biggest,
drawing crowds of dog lovers. Behind the scenes, Paul Campanella
manages the whole operation.
Campanella is senior director of event operations for the
Westminster Kennel Club （WKC）. In 2025, the show events were
held at Madison Square Garden and the Jacob K. Javits Convention
Center, both in New York City. Campanella's team worked with the
venues to determine everything from lights to decorations to floral
（花的） arrangements, while working closely with the television
networks that broadcast the show. The competition takes place once a
year. Planning for the following year begins the moment the show
ends. One of Campanella's biggest responsibilities is handling the
budget. Since the WKC is a nonprofit organization, it's important to
stick to a budget.
Campanella started working for the WKC on a part-time basis as
head of security in 2001.At the time, he worked for the New York
City Police Department. When he retired in 2013, the WKC hired him
full-time. His job was to create two new events for the annual show.
For Campanella, this was more than a career move. It was a dream
opportunity. He's loved dogs and dog shows since he was 12, when
his parents gave him a dog named Starr. Today, he serves as a judge
for other events and also shows his dog, Nigel.
Although Campanella majored in criminal justice as a college
student, he believes a business degree is the best foundation for a
career in event operations. Success in the field also requires specific
skills. “You have to be very organized and be able to organize other
people,” Campanella says. He also notes it's important to know how
to “work with numbers” to negotiate contracts with the different
companies hired for the event.#1.6
★1. What can we learn about the Westminster Kennel Club Dog
Show ( )
B
A. It belongs to Campanella. B. It is held annually.
C. It lasts over a week. D. It is a local event.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The competition takes place once
a year.”可知，Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show每年举行一次。故
选B。
2. Which best describes Campanella's 2025 event operation ( )
C
A. It was time-insensitive. B. It was cost-ineffective.
C. It required careful planning. D. It lacked local support.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词“Campanella's 2025 event
operation”定位至第二段，根据其中的“worked with the venues to
determine everything”“working closely with the television
networks”“Planning for the following year begins the moment the
show ends.”可推知，2025年的活动运营需要精心策划。故选C。
★3. What was Campanella's childhood dream ( )
A
A. Attending dog shows. B. Becoming a policeman.
C. Learning criminal justice. D. Judging animal contests.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“childhood dream”定位到第
三段的“this was more than a career move. It was a dream opportunity.
He's loved dogs and dog shows since he was 12”可知，Campanella童
年的梦想是参加犬展。故选A。
4. What does the text focus on concerning Campanella ( )
B
A. His love for animals. B. His job responsibilities.
C. His charity events. D. His unique personality.
[解析] 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段可知，文章围绕
Campanella在Westminster Kennel Club中的工作展开，介绍了他的职责
（统筹活动、管理预算、创设新活动等）及职业历程。故选B。

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