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(共36张PPT)
Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
words and expressions
native / ne t v/ adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的
n.本地人
a native speaker 母语者
native country/land/language 祖国/故乡/母语
be a native of... 出生于……的人；生长于……的动物或植物
be native to 原产于
As a native of New York, he is familiar with every corner of the city.
This rare bird is a native of the Amazon rainforest, and it can only survive in warm and humid environments.
The giant panda is native to China.
attitude / t tju:d/ n.态度；看法
尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。
Try to have a positive attitude to/towards everything and stop complaining.
positive/negative attitude 积极态度/消极态度
have/take a(n) ... attitude to/towards...
对……持/采取……的态度
reference / refr ns / n.指称关系；参考
refer /r f (r)/ vi. 提到；参考；查阅；vt.查询
referred-referring
reference books
in/with reference to (所述内容)关于
In reference to the question raised in class, I have found some relevant research data.
参考书
The student referred his innovative design to the teacher for professional advice.
Environmentalists refer to plastic pollution as one of the most serious global problems.
What does the underlined word “stumble” in paragraph 2 refer to
During the interview, she referred to her experience as a volunteer in Africa.
Students are allowed to refer to dictionaries during the English exam.
The new policy refers to the rights and interests of employees.
refer相关短语
1. refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅; 涉及
2. refer...to...　把…提交给…
3. refer to ... as ... 把……称作……
1. _______(refer) to as Steel Roses, the Chinese woman soccer team players have won our worship (崇拜) and respect recently.
2. They always refer to me 　　　　　a book worm because I am always addicted to reading.
3. I am writing to ask for your advice in reference_____ what kinds of traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most.
as
Referred
to
despite/d spa t/ prep. 即使；尽管
其后接名词、代词或动词-ing，不能接从句，相当于in spite of
_______applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.
We made the journey by land, _______________ flying would have been cheaper.
Despite
though/although
相似结构短语积累：
back and forth 来回地,反复地
the pros and cons 赞成和反对的论据
here and there 各处，到处
on and off 断断续续地
ups and downs
Every student may face ups and downs in their study, so don’t give up easily.
base/be s/ vt. 以…为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
At the base of the pine tree was a nest containing four eggs.
1. at the base of... 在……底部
Parents should base their education methods on their children’s individual characteristics.
The movie is based on a real-life incident.
3. be based on/upon 以……为依据；以…为基础
On the basis of careful analysis, we can draw a reliable conclusion.
4. on the basis of 在……基础上，根据
basic adj. 基本的；基础的
basically adv. 基本上；总的说来
basis / be s s/ n.基础
on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
2. base...on... 把…建立在…基础上
On the 　__　(base) of what you show,I firmly believe that you can be qualified for the position.
The report is 　　　　　on figures from different schools.　　　　　,
there is an urgent need of 　　　　　facilities for students.(base)
3. _______ (base) on an interesting story, the novel was well worth reading.
4. 正如谚语所言:“独木难成林”, 我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。
Based
Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn’t make a forest”, our success is based on/upon cooperating with others.
basis
based
Basically
basic　
date back (to ...) 追溯到
不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态，但在句中可以 用现在分词短语作后置定语。
＝ date from... 追溯到
My family has a vase 　　　　　(date) back to the Ming Dynasty.
My interest in stamp collecting 　　　　　(date) back to my schooldays.
dating
dates　
symbol / s mbl/ n. 符号；象征
Doves are a symbol of peace.
鸽子是和平的一种象征。
a/the symbol of ... ……的象征
symbolize v. 象征；使用符号
symbolic adj. 象征性的
global /'gl b l/ adj.全球的；全世界的
globe n.地球;球体
globally adv.全球地
globalization n.全球化
variety n. (植物、语言等的）变体, 种类,变化
various / ve ri s/ adj.各种各样的,不同的
vary v. (使)不同、呈现差异；变化
Our school offers a variety of after-school activities, such as English corner.
The website provides a variety of useful information about college applications.
1. a variety of = varieties of = various 种类繁多的；各种各样的
（可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于名词）
The duration of after-school activities varies from 40 minutes to 2 hours.
2. vary from…to… 从…到…不等
The smartphones vary in size, color and price, but they all have basic communication functions.
3. vary in 在......方面有差异
His mood varies with the weather; he is more cheerful on sunny days.
4. vary with 随......而变化
　单句填空
①One of the advantages is that we can find 　　　　　(variety) topics,such as science,culture and history.
②The research team is made up of the pupils,whose ages 　　　　　(various) from 10 to 15.
③(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America,the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing
　　　　　(vary) of wildlife.
various　
vary　
variety　
Every/Each/One means + 单数谓语动词
All/Several/Some/Many/Few means + 复数谓语动词
All possible means have been tried，but we still can’t solve the problem.
=Every possible means has been tried，but we still can’t solve the problem.
means /mi:nz/ n.方式；方法；途径
（单复数同形）
means of（doing）sth. （做）某事的方法
by this means 通过这种方式
We can review key points regularly, and by this means, we can better remember what we've learned.
by no means 决不
By no means should we give up when facing difficulties.
= in no sense
① I honour endurance, perseverance, industry, talent; because these are the means 　__　 which men achieve great ends.
② Every possible means 　_________　(try), but none has worked.
③要想学好汉语,就不要害怕跟当地人沟通,只有这样你才能取得进步。
To learn Chinese well,you shouldn’t be afraid to communicate with local people, and ______________________________________________.(means)

by
has been tried
only by this means can you make progress
major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 —— minor adj. 次要的；少数的
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country.
majority / m d r ti/ n. 多数；大部分—minority /ma n r ti/ n.少数
a/the majority of 大多数
in a/the majority占大多数
The majority of people prefer TV to radio.
n.主修课程；主修学生
vi.主修；专门研究
4. major in 主修……学科
classic / kl s k/ adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n.经典作品；名著
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
classic works 经典著作
Dream of Red Mansions
Water Margin
Journey to the West
classical adj. 古典的；经典的（特指学科 / 艺术流派）
regard /r gɑ:d/ n.尊重；关注；问候(regards) vt.把……视为；看待
regard...as...把……视为……(view/consider)
give regards to sb 向某人致以问候
in/with regard to关于
regarding prep. 关于;至于
disregard vt.不理会;不顾;漠视　n. 漠视;忽视
(2021全国乙卷)网络学习被认为是一个非常高效的英语学习方法。
Online learning is regarded as a most effective way to learn English.
=concerning
①Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations 　______　(regard) further industrial development.
②　____　 regard to your question about my future career choices, I’m determined to be a doctor.
③Remember to give your parents my 　____　(regard) when you phone home.
④汉字被认为是中国文化的代表,具有特别重要的地位。(应用文之中国文化)
→Chinese characters　________　_____ the representative of Chinese culture and enjoy a particularly important position.
→　____________　 the representative of Chinese culture,Chinese characters enjoy a particularly important position.(分词短语作状语)
regarding
With/In
regards
are regarded as
Regarded as
character /'k r kt (r)/ n.文字；符号；角色；特点
cartoon characters
build up character
shape one's character
out of character
她昨晚的举止与她的性格截然不符。
Her behaviour last night was completely out of character.
磨炼个性
卡通人物
塑造某人的性格
不符合某人的性格
appreciate [ pri e t]
vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会　
vi. 增值
appreciation n.欣赏；感激
I really appreciate her sense of humor—she always makes everyone laugh.
We should appreciate the importance of protecting the natural environment.
Only those who have experienced hardship can appreciate the value of peace.
Rare stamps tend to appreciate in value as time goes on.
We appreciate your helping us.
1. appreciate (one’s) doing sth. 感激（某人）做某事
I want to show my appreciation to my roommate for helping me fix the computer.
2. show/express/convey my appreciation to sb for sth. 因...向某人表达感激
I would appreciate it if you tell me the truth.
3. I would appreciate it if you could do ... 如果……，我将不胜感激。
appreciate [ pri e t]
vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会　
vi. 增值
appreciation n.欣赏；感激
①I’m writing to express my ___________(appreciate) for what you did for me during my stay in London.②I appreciate 　　______(give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
③如果您能尽早回复我,我将非常感激。→　_____________________　________________ at your earliest convenience.(appreciate one’s doing) →______________________________________________ at your earliest convenience.(I would appreciate it if...)
appreciation
being given
I would really appreciate your replying to me
I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me
struggle
n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
struggle for...　 努力争取……；为……而斗争　
struggle against/with... 与……做斗争
struggle to one's feet 某人挣扎着站起来
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
It’s a struggle (for sb) to do sth (对某人而言）做某事真是难事
[ str ɡl]
他同癌症抗争了两年。
He struggled against/with cancer for two years.
一个人做一件好事并不难，但难的是一辈子做好事。
It’s not hard for one to do a good deed, but it’s a struggle to do good deeds for a lifetime.
point of view
观点；看法
在我看来：
from my point of view
in my view/opinion
as far as I am concerned
beg
/beg/
vt. 恳求;祈求;哀求
beg sb for sth 向某人请求……
beg sb to do sth 请求某人做某事
他们向他请求帮助
They begged him for help.
equal
n．同等的人；相等物
adj. 相同的；同样的
vt.等于；比得上;敌得过
[ i kw l]
I can't find a person who can be equal to this work.
1. be equal to (doing) sth. 胜任(做)某事 be fit/qualified for
His courage equals that of a soldier when facing dangers.
2. A equals B (in sth.) A在某方面比得上B
This chef’s skill in making Sichuan cuisine is without equal in the city.
3. without equal=have no equal 无与伦比
equally adv. 同样地；相等地；公平地
equality n.平等;相等
demand [d mɑ nd]
n．要求；需求　
vt. 强烈要求；需要　vi.查问
be in (great) demand
meet/satisfy one's demands
demand to do sth.
demand that...(should) do... 要求……(应该)做……
demanding adj.要求高的
满足某人的需求
(迫切)需求
要求做某事
①As new members are 　_　 demand in our basketball club, I’m writing to invite you to join it.②My father came down and demanded 　_____　(know) what had happened. ③Father demanded that the twins 　_________　(clean) up the kitchen when he helped make breakfast. ④ He tried to return to work, but found he could no longer cope with his 　_______　__(demand) job.
⑤因为摘苹果需要爬树,农民要求我们谨慎小心。Because picking apples involved climbing trees,________________________.
in
to know
(should) clean
demanding
the farmers demanded that we (should) be cautious and careful
description
/d skr p n/
n.描写(文字)；形容
describe vt. 描述；形容；描绘
be beyond description 无法形容，难以描述
give a description of...描写/描述……
作者是否清楚地描述了这个问题？
Does the writer give a clear description of the problem
relate [r le t] vt. 联系；讲述
He related the facts of the case to journalists
1. relate sth. to sb. 向某人讲述某事
Teachers should help students relate textbook knowledge to real life.
2. relate sth to sth 将……与……联系
3. be related to... 与……有关
relation/relationship n.关系，联系
relative / rel t v/ n.亲戚，亲属；adj.相对的
related adj. 有关系的，有关联的；(-related ...相关的）
1. refer vi.提到;参考;查阅→reference n.参考,查阅;涉及→referee n.裁判
2. system n.系统→systematic adj.系统的有条理的→systematically adv.系统地
3. base vt.以...为基础n.底部;根据→based adj.以...为基础的→basic adj.基本的;基础的→basis n.基准;基础→basically adv.基本上
4. bone n.骨头→bony adj.瘦的皮包骨的
5. symbol n.象征→symbolize v.象征→symbolic adj.象征性的
6. vary vi.变化 不同→variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→various adj. 不同的;各种各样的
7. major adj.主要的;重要的;大的 n. 主修课程;主修学生 vi. 主修;专门研究 →majority n. 多数
8. regard v.认为看待n.尊重关注→regarding prep.关于
早读任务
1. 背诵 native, attitude, refer, base, variety, major, regard相关短语
2. reading and thinking部分的短语
3. 以下词汇变形
1. 母语
2. 原产于
3. 对……持积极的态度
4. 把……称作……
5. refer to的意思
6. 沉浮；兴衰
7. 以…为基础
8. 追溯到
9. 各种各样的
10. 从…到…不等
11. 通过这种方式
12. 主修……
13. 把……视为……
14. 在……起作用
15. 把……和……联系起来
16. base
17. vary
18. symbol
19. major
20. system
1. character n.性格角色特点→characteristic n.特点adj.特有的
2. globe n. 球体;地球仪;地球→global adj. 全球的;全世界的→globally adv.全球地;全面地→globalize v.全球化→globalization n.全球化
3. appreciate vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 欣赏;感激4. specific adj.特定的具体的→specifically adv.明确地 专门地
5. demand v./n.要求需求→demanding adj.要求高的苛刻的
6. equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj. 相同的;同样的→equality n.平等;相等→equally adv. 同样地;相等地;平等地
7. describe vt. 描述;形容→description n. 描写(文字);形容
8. relate vt. 联系;讲述→relation n.关系;联系→relative adj.相对的n.亲戚→related adj.有关联的→relationship n.关系→relatively adv.相对地→relativity n.相对论
早读任务
1. 背诵 character, appreciate, struggle, beg, equal, demand, relate 相关短语
2. 以下词汇变形
塑造某人的性格
感激（某人）做某事
因...向某人表达感激
如果……，我将不胜感激。
努力做某事
(对某人而言）做某事真是难事
在我看来
恳求某人做某事
胜任(做)某事
满足某人的需求
(迫切)需求
与……有关
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