资源简介

(共36张PPT)
Unit4
Adversity
and Courage
Words and Expressions
1. adversity n. 困境; 逆境
meet with/encounter adversity 遇到逆境
in adversity 在逆境中
in a dilemma 处于进退两难的窘境中
in trouble /in need/ in danger
adverse adj.不利的;相反的;敌对的
adverse effect 不良反应
1. The athlete met adversity with courage after getting injured and still managed to return to the competition.
2. The company is struggling in adversity due to the economic downturn.
3. The adverse effects of the medicine made patients fat and had zits痘痘.
2. wage n.工资
wage 通常指按小时、日、周或月等计算的报酬，一般用于体力劳动者或低级职员的收入。
income 指收入、收益、所得；
pay 指工资、薪水；
salary 通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金
1. She earns a high wage.
2. Her salary is paid directly into her bank account.
3. The government is trying to raise the wage level of low-income workers.
3. bitter adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
a bitter experience 痛苦的经历
on a bitter cold winter morning 在一个极其寒冷的冬日早晨
shed bitter tears 留下苦涩的泪
bitterly adv.伤心地;愤恨地;极其
bitterness n. 苦味，悲痛
4. expedition n.探险;远征;探险队
join / take part in / send / lead an expedition
派遣、率领、参加一支探险队
go on an expedition
去（南极）进行探险、考察
expedite vt.加快；加速
我们需要为这次探险找到赞助。
We need to find sponsorships for the expedition.
我们已创造了快速处理订单的方法以便迅速将货物送达顾客。
We have developed rapid order processing to expedite deliveries to customers.
5. endurance n.忍耐力;耐久力
1. Their friendship is an enduring bond that has withstood the test of time.
2. The discomfort was endurable with the use of some pain-killers.
3. The noise from the construction site was unendurable, driving the residents crazy.
4. His rudeness went beyond endurance, leading to an argument.
endure v.忍耐；持续 bear/ tolerate/stand
endure pain/suffering/ hardship/stress
enduring adj.持久的
endurable adj.可忍受的
unendurable adj无法忍受的
beyond endurance 忍无可忍
6. vigour n.精力;力量;活力
be full of vigor/energy 充满活力
vigourous adj. 精力充沛的
= energetic; dynamic
7. turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)
＝ reject /refuse
turn down 拒绝(提议、建议);调低,
turn up 调大，开大(音量等);出现
turn on/off 打开/关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn to 求助于;致力于;翻到;转向(to是介词)
turn into 变成
turn over 移交;翻转
turn in 上交(物品)
turn out (to be)+ n. /adj./that... 结果是……
8. qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识
quality n.质量
qualify vt. 符合资格
qualification n.资格，资历
qualify sb. for/to do 使某人能胜任/使某人有资格做
be qualified for/ to do...　可胜任/有资格做某事
have (no) qualifications for (doing) ...
=have (no) qualifications to do (没)有(做)……的资格
1. This training will qualify you for a better job.
2. [申请信]She has a large amount of experience shooting videos online, which ensures that she is well qualified for the position .　
3. They have no qualifications for running a business without qualification.
9. enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的
be enthusiastic about (doing sth.) 对(做某事)热情/感兴趣
enthusiastically adv.热情地
enthusiasm n.热情
enthusiasm for (doing) sth. 对(做)某事热情
enthusiast n.爱好者
单句语法填空
①Jane never lost her ____________ (enthusiastic) for teaching.
②He doesn't sound very enthusiastic________ the idea.
③I am generally very enthusiastic about____________ (start) a new project.
④I can't say I share your enthusiasm ____the idea.
enthusiasm
about
starting
for
10. aboard adv. & prep.上(船/飞机/公共汽车等)
=_________
on board n.板子
①As soon as I was on board, I began to have second thoughts about leaving.
②The train's about to leave. All aboard!
③Welcome aboard Flight 6240 to New York.
欢迎乘坐飞往纽约的6240班机
④They is the last two to go aboard the ship.
他们是最后两位上船的。
⑤She often ______________business.
她经常出国出差
goes abroad on
请大家上车（或船等）！（表示马上就要开了）
abroad adv. 在国外；到国外
11. assign vt.分派;布置;分配
assignment n.分配，任务
assign sb. sth. ＝ assign sth. to sb.
分配给某人某物
assign sb. to sth. 指派某人(做)某一项工作
assign sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某事
1. The coach assigned him to play in the next game.
2. The teacher assigned us a lot of homework yesterday.
3. Her family assigned her to feed the chicken and cook meals.
12. envy n.&vt.羡慕;妒忌
1. His heart was full of envy when he saw his rival get the promotion.
2. His beautiful house is the envy of all his neighbors.
3. They say such unkind things about you out of envy.
4. He is envious of his classmate's excellent academic performance.
5. She is jealous of her sister. She always thinks her sister gets more attention.
envious adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的
enviously adj. 嫉妒地
with envy 羡慕地
out of envy 出于嫉妒
be the envy of sb/sth 成为...羡慕/忌妒的对象;
be envious of 对...羡慕(温和的情绪)
be jealous of 对...嫉妒(攻击性的情绪）
13. crush vt.毁坏;压坏;压碎 n.拥挤的人群
1. Investors were seriously worried when the stock market began to crash.
2. The earthquake had a crushing impact on the small town, destroying most of the buildings.
3. The car was completely crushed under the truck.
4. I couldn't find a way through the crush.
5. He is sinking becuase she has a crush on others.
crushing adj.毁坏性的
crushed adj.被压碎的
have a crush on sb. (短暂的)迷恋某人
14. sink vi.沉没;下沉;下降 vt.使下沉;使沉没 n.洗碗池
sink into the sea/anger 陷入,沉入
be sunk/lost in thought 陷入沉思中
sb's heart sinks 某人心沉了下去（指心情沮丧）
a sinking feeling 不详的感觉,沮丧之情
1. Loose lips sink ships. 祸从口出
2. I was worried, sunk in thought.
3. My heart sank when I saw the exam results.
5. She let out a sigh and sank into a chair.
15. abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃 n. 放任；放纵
abandon oneself to　沉溺/纵情于
be abandoned to 沉溺于
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
with abandon 放纵地
1. He abandoned himself to joy when they heard the good news.
2. The old house seemed to be abandoned to decay.
3. She decided to abandon trying to solve the complex math problem.
4. He danced with abandon by the street.
16. belongings n. [pl.]财物;动产
belong vi.属于
belong to 属于（无被动）
personal belongings 个人财物
a sense of belonging 归属感
① belong to不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
② belong vi. “适合待在某处，放在某处”，
没有被动意味的过去分词的用法。
1. I don't feel as if I belong here. 我在这里感觉格格不入。
2. These valuable paintings belong to the museum.
3. She packed her personal belongings quickly before leaving.
4. The cultural festival created a strong sense of belonging among the immigrants from the same homeland.
《You belong with me》
17. miserable
/ m zr bl/
adj.痛苦的;令人难受的
miserably adv. 痛苦地; 悲惨地
misery n.痛苦；悲惨
a miserable cold day 令人难受的寒冷天气
miserable housing conditions 恶劣的住房条件
make one’s life a misery 使某人遭殃/痛苦
put sb out of one’s misery 消除某人的忧虑
这部话剧是个可悲的失败。
The play was a miserable failure.
别让我着急了——我及不及格？
Put me out of my misery—did I pass or didn’t I
18. decent
/ di snt/
adj.相当不错的;正派的;得体的
decently adv.体面地；合适地
decency n.正派；体面；庄重
a decent meal/job/place to live
不错的饭菜/工作/住所
我需要好好地睡上一夜。
I need a decent night’s sleep.
19. cosy/cozy
/ k zi/
adj.温馨的;舒适的
cosily adv.舒适地（cozily）
cosiness n.舒适；安逸 （coziness）
19. perseverance n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神
1. As Ambassador of Sichuan, they persevere in advertising the culture.
2. The persevering athlete finally won the championship after years of hard training.
3. She faces the adversity with perseverance, which is an inspiration to us all.
4. His perseverance in learning English paid off. He finally passed the IELTS exam with a high score.
persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求
persevere in (doing) sth 坚持（做）某事
persevering adj 坚持的; 不屈不挠的
with perseverance adv. 坚持不懈地
20. resolution n.决议;解决;坚定
resolve vi. &vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)
n.决心;坚定的信念
resolute adj.坚决的;果断的(determined)
resolve on (doing) sth 决心要(做某事)
resolve to do sth. 决心做某事
1. We need to come up with a creative way to resolve this complex problem in the project.
2. The vehicle company resolved on a (developing) new approach to release the stress of traffic.
3. After seeing the doctor's report, she resolved to quit smoking and start a healthier lifestyle.
20. resolution n.决议;解决;坚定
resolution 决议;决心；(冲突、问题等的）解决；解决办法
a satisfactory resolution to the problem 令人满意的解决方案
4. Medical scientists made a resolution to improve people’s bone surgeries.
21. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的
cruelly adv. 残酷地; 残暴地;
cruelty n. 残酷，虐待; 不公
be cruel to sb/sth 对…残酷/冷酷
It is cruel to do sth. 做某事残酷/冷酷
1. The soldiers were very cruel their prisoners of war.
2. The king’s (cruel) excited the people to rise against him.
3. We find ourselves (cruel) cut off from the wireless world.
4. A mother who her child is unnatural.
母亲对孩子残忍是不近人情的。
单句语法填空/完成句子
to
cruelty
cruelly
is cruel to
22. furniture n.家具
furnish vt.布置，装备（家私）
a piece / an item of furniture 一件家具
a set of furniture 一套家具
be furnished with 配备着...
1. The home will furnish the space with all the cosy equipment.
2. The store offers a wide variety of sets of furniture, from traditional to contemporary styles.
3. Our school is furnished with an excellent geographic teaching group.
22. fortunately adv.幸运地
fortune n.运气，财富
misfortune n.不幸
fortunate(ly) adj./adv. 幸运的/地
unfortunate(ly) adj./adv. 不幸的/地
make a fortune 发财，赚钱
seek/try one's fortune 碰运气
单句语法填空
①He abandoned his former job to make ____ fortune.
② __ __ (fortune), the scientist managed to resolve the tough problem.
③ (fortunate)，it's too little，too late.
④I have been fortunate enough ____ (visit) many parts of the world as a lecturer.
a
Fortunately
Unfortunately
to visit
23. damp
/d mp/
adj.潮湿的;湿气重的
damply adv.潮湿地
dampness n.潮湿
dampen v.弄湿
24. recreation
/ rekri e n/
n.娱乐;消遣;游戏
recreational adj.娱乐的；消遣的
近：amusement/entertainment
24. guidance n.指导;引导;导航
guide vt. 指导，影响(某人的行为)；指导
n. 指南，手册，向导
guided tour 有导游的旅行
with/under the guidance of sb
=with/under sb.’s guidance 在某人的指导下
1. The agency offers practical guidance to people starting their own businesses.
2. Under the guidance of the advisor, Susan has grasped some basic knowledge about driving.
25. advertising
/ dv ta z /
n.广告活动;广告业
advertise vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告
advertiser n.广告商，广告公司
advertisement n.广告
advertise for... 为征求...而登广告
put/place an advertisement in the newspaper
在报纸上刊登广告
The company advertises for this new products and makes it a hit.该公司为这款新产品做广告，使其大获成功。
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Because the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat within 24 hours.（2013 湖南） __________
2. The Atlantic Ocean has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking.（2013 重庆改）
__________
3. The first year was rough, but things have gotten better. __________
4. We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required. _________
高低不平的
风浪大的
艰难的
大致的 / 粗略的
25. rough adj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的
26. loyal adj.忠诚的;忠实的
loyalty n.忠诚
be loyal to 对...忠诚
disloyal adj. 不忠的
27. candidate n.候选人；应试者
candidate：着重指被推选、提名或有潜力获得某事物的人，强调在竞争或选拔过程中具有一定可能性成功的人。该词可用于选举、求职、奖学金申请等场景。
applicant：侧重于指正式提交申请的人，强调申请这一行为。常用于申请工作、学校、项目、许可证等场合。
28. make fire 生火
be on fire 着火了[状态]
catch fire 着火[动作]
set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth. 放火；放火烧某物
play with fire 玩火；冒险
1. The building was on fire/caught fire, we need to turn to the police for help.
2. The dragon can set everything on fire.=The dragon can set fire to everything.
3. You are playing with fire by using the electricity in this way.
mitment n.承诺;保证;奉献
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The company’s commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. ___________
2. I was impressed by the energy and commitment shown by the players.
___________
3. Women very often have to have a balance between work and family commitments. ___________
4. Achieving success at this level requires a commitment of time and energy.
___________
奉献精神
承诺
家庭事务
投入
31.commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献
1. The suspect is accused of committing murder.
commit vt. 犯(错，罪行)，承诺; 投入；
花费（时间，精力）
committed adj.尽心尽力的
commit a crime/suicide/murder 犯罪/自杀/谋杀
31.commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献
1. She committed herself to helping the poor in her community.
2. The organization is committed to protecting the environment.
3. Our company has made a commitment to quality and customer service.
commit oneself to doing sth. 承诺做某事；致力于做某事
be committed to doing sth. 致力于/全心全意地投入去做某事
make a commitment to... 对……作出承诺
32. motive
/ m t v/
n.动机;原因;目的
motivate v. 使有动机；激发积极性；刺激
motivation n.动力，诱因；积极性
a motive for (doing) sth. 做某事的动机
motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
这起谋杀案似乎没有什么动机。
There seemed to be no motive for the murder.
这个计划旨在促使员工更加卓有成效地工作。
The plan is designed to motivate employees to work efficiently.
Thanks!

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