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8B Unit7 重点语法提升练
单元语法：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
什么是被动语态？
英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者，理解为“被……” 。
不同时态的被动语态：
被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”，be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。当不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出动作的执行者，只强调突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。
一般现在时的被动语态：
肯定结构：am / is / are+过去分词；
否定结构：am not / isn’t / aren’t+过去分词；
一般疑问句：把am / is / are放到句首。
如：The toy is made in China.这玩具由中国制造。
I am not allowed to drive, because I’m not old enough.我不被允许开车，因为我年龄不够。
Are you told to start at once 你们被告知立刻开始吗？
一般过去时的被动语态：
肯定结构：was / were+过去分词；
否定结构：wasn’t / weren’t+过去分词；
一般疑问句把was / were放到句首。
如：The school was built 100 years ago. 这所学校是100年前建造的。
He wasn’t invited to the party. Were you invited 他没有被邀请去聚会。你被邀请了吗？
语法过关小测
满分：70分；时间：60分钟
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共50分）
1．—Mum, can I go to the cinema with my classmates this afternoon
—Of course, if your homework ________.
A．is finished B．has finished C．finishes D．will be finished
2．Free breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 in this village.
A．provides B．provided
C．is provided D．was provided
3．—Do you think Brazil will beat Japan in the next match
—Yes, they have better players, so they ________ to win.
A．are hoped B．expected C．are expected D．were hoped
4．—Do you like reading books
—Yes. Each of us ________ to do more reading in and after class.
A．are asked B．ask C．is asked D．is asking
5．—Will you have any problems if you ________ to be the host
—Well, I am thinking about how to introduce each star.
A．are chosen B．will be chosen C．choose D．will choose
6．A lot of trees ________ in our city every year.
A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted
7．Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ every year and attracts millions of visitors.
A．holds B．is held C．held D．was held
8．The Dragon Boat Festival ________ on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.
A．hold B．is held C．held D．was held
9．— It is ________ that a strong earthquake (地震) hit (袭击) part of Japan recently (最近). Is that true
— Yes. Local people are trying their best to deal with the disaster (灾难).
A．say B．said C．says
10．Digital payment ________ widely in our daily life now—almost everyone uses it.
A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used
11．Don’t play with the knife. It _______ cutting things.
A．is using for B．is use for C．is used for
12．Hurry up. Once the concert starts, nobody________ to enter the concert hall.
A．allows B．is allowed C．allowed D．is allowing
13．—Beijing is not the first city in China to fine (罚款) eaters on the subway.
—Yes. People who eat on the subway in Hong Kong ________ with up to 2,000 Hong Kong dollars.
A．punished B．have punished C．were punished D．are punished
14．Xinjiang is the largest cotton—producing area in China. About 90% of China’s cotton ________ there.
A．produces B．produced C．is produced
15．Many tall buildings ________ in our city every year.
A．has built B．were built C．are building D．are built
16．A lot of water ________ in Shanghai every year. It’s a big problem.
A．wastes B．is wasting C．wasted D．is wasted
17．—Have you finished your project
—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I __________ ten more minutes.
A．give B．will give C．will be given D．am given
18．—Excuse me, is it my turn to enter the doctor’s office now
—Not yet. Please wait here until your name ________.
A．calls B．will call C．is called D．is calling
19．Most of the earth’s surface ________ by water.
A．covers B．covered C．is covered D．was covered
20．A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the road in Chengdu these days.
A．plant B．are planted C．are planting D．was planted
21．The national flag ________ by us every morning.
A．raises B．rises C．is raised D．is risen
22．—Let’s play soccer, Jack.
—Sorry. I need one more hour before my project ________.
A．finishes B．will be finished C．will finish D．is finished
23．—Mr. Wu, when can we start the science experiment (实验)
—Only after the safety rules ________ clearly.
A．are explained B．will be explained C．were explained D．have explained
24．Plastic bottles and waste paper________ carefully by workers every day to make the environment better.
A．separate B．were separated
C．have separated D．are separated
25．The blind ________ to take guide dogs into more public places. It’s really helpful.
A．allow B．are allowed C．allowed D．were allowed
26．This artwork was ________ a famous artist of the Ming dynasty, so it has high value.
A．painted by B．painting C．paint
27．—You are unusually quiet, Jack. What’s the matter
—I ________ by Mum just now.
A．am punished B．was punishing C．was punished D．punished
28．—Did you go to Jack’s birthday party
—No, I ________.
A．am not invited B．wasn’t invited C．haven’t invited D．didn’t invite
29．—The trees in the photo look so wonderful. Where ________ the photo ________
—In my hometown. It is a place with natural beauty.
A．did; take B．was; taken C．does; take D．are; taken
30．There was little time left in the meeting, so Dr Robot ________ to cut down his speech to 20 minutes.
A．told B．was told C．was telling D．is told
31．The poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ her work in the end. She couldn’t believe her ears.
A．told; paying for B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．was told; to pay for
32．—Why didn’t you come to his birthday party yesterday
—Because I ________.
A．didn’t invite B．isn’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．haven’t invited
33．The story ________ by a young writer last year. It has become very popular among teenagers.
A．writes B．wrote C．is written D．was written
34．—The flowers on both sides make the street beautiful.
—Yes. They ________ last week.
A．planted B．will plant
C．were planted D．will be planted
35．The famous magician, as well as his assistants, ________ to perform at the China’s Got Talent in 2022.
A．were invited B．have been invited C．was invited D．has been invited
36．In the beginning, Baduanjin (八段锦) ________ as a way to improve the physical health of soldiers.
A．develops B．developed C．is developed D．was developed
37．The Shenzhou-20 spaceship ________ into space successfully on April 24, 2025.
A．sends B．sent C．is sent D．was sent
38．Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.
A．found B．founded C．discovered D．started
39．Last month, the little girl ________ well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering.
A．is cared for B．was cared for C．will be cared for D．care for
40．—Did you hear that our school soccer team won the game
—Yes. The news ______ on the radio this morning.
A．reported B．is reported C．was reported D．reports
41．—Who ________ this book ________
—William Shakespeare.
A．did, written by B．was, written C．did, write by D．was, written by
42．—Look! What an amazing Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge!
—Yeah. It ________ in 2018.
A．completed B．was completed C．would completed D．had completed
43．Those things ________ in India. They are cheap and nice.
A．were making B．have made C．were made
44．The photos you just found are ________ old that I almost forget where they ________.
A．so; have taken B．so; were taken C．such; have taken D．such; were taken
45．The novel ________ by a famous writer in 1990.
A．wrote B．was written C．writes D．is written
46．The instant noodle ________ by a Japanese in 1958.
A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented
47．—What ______ to you, Jack
—I ______ by an e-bike and hurt my arms.
A．took place; hit B．happened; hit C．took place; was hit D．happened; was hit
48．—Where did you go last night
—I ________ to go to Danny’s birthday party.
A．asked B．am asked C．ask D．was asked
49．Luckily a little monkey ________ by some kind visitors yesterday.
A．is saved B．was saved C．will be saved D．has been saved
50．Tea, one of the most popular drinks, ________ by accident in China.
A．discovered B．is discovered C．will be discovered D．was discovered
二、完成句子（每小题2分，共20分）
51．He saw her enter the room.（改为被动语态）
→ She enter the room.
52．My mother bought me a new dress last week.（改为被动语态）
A new dress me by my mother last week.
53．My aunt wrote this novel. （改为同义句）
This novel my aunt.
54．Lucy bought some fruit.
Some fruit Lucy.
55．The telephone was invented in 1876. (就划线部分提问)
the telephone invented
56．The room was cleaned by Tom. (就划线部分提问)
the room cleaned
57．The apples are picked by hand. （对画线部分提问）
the apples
58．The chopsticks are made of wood.（对画线部分提问）
the chopsticks of
59．They allow us to do our favourite activities. (改为被动语态)
→ We to do our favourite activities.
60．That kind of car is produced in China. (对画线部分提问)
that kind of car
答案与解析
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共50分）
1．—Mum, can I go to the cinema with my classmates this afternoon
—Of course, if your homework ________.
A．is finished B．has finished C．finishes D．will be finished
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天下午我可以和同学去看电影吗？——当然可以，如果你的作业完成了的话。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“if your homework…”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句省略了将来时，所以从句用一般现在时，排除BD；主语“your homework”和动词“finish”之间是被动关系，表示作业被完成，所以用一般现在时的被动语态is finished。故选A。
2．Free breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 in this village.
A．provides B．provided
C．is provided D．was provided
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个村子为60岁以上的人每天提供免费早餐。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“every day”可知，句子描述的是经常性的动作，应用一般现在时；主语“Free breakfast”与动词“provide”之间是被动关系，表示早餐被提供，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+动词的过去分词”，主语“Free breakfast”是第三人称单数，be动词用is，provide的过去分词是provided。故选C。
3．—Do you think Brazil will beat Japan in the next match
—Yes, they have better players, so they ________ to win.
A．are hoped B．expected C．are expected D．were hoped
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你认为巴西会在下一场比赛中击败日本吗？——是的，他们有更好的球员，所以他们被期待获胜。
考查被动语态和动词辨析。are hoped被希望；expected期望（过去式）；are expected被期望；were hoped被希望（过去式）。“hope”不能用于“sb. be hoped to do”结构；“expect”可以用于“sb. be expected to do”表示“某人被期待做某事”。根据“they have better players, so they…to win”可知，此处表示“被期望获胜”，主语“they”指巴西队，与“期望”之间是被动关系，且时态为一般现在时，用“are expected”。故选C。
4．—Do you like reading books
—Yes. Each of us ________ to do more reading in and after class.
A．are asked B．ask C．is asked D．is asking
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你喜欢读书吗？——是的。我们每个人都被要求在课内和课后多读书。
考查主谓一致和被动语态。根据主语“Each of us”可知，主语中心词是Each“每一个”，为单数，谓语动词需用单数形式；根据“Each of us...to do more reading in and after class”及备选项可知，Each of us与ask之间是被动关系，表示我们“被要求”多读书，应用被动语态。故选C。
5．—Will you have any problems if you ________ to be the host
—Well, I am thinking about how to introduce each star.
A．are chosen B．will be chosen C．choose D．will choose
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——如果你被选为主持人，你会有什么问题吗？——嗯，我正在考虑如何介绍每一位明星。
考查条件状语从句的时态。在if引导的条件状语从句中，条件从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。根据句意，主语“you”与“choose”之间是被动关系，故需用被动语态。故选A。
6．A lot of trees ________ in our city every year.
A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted
【答案】C
【详解】句意：每年我们城市都种植很多树。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。plant种植，动词原形；planted种植，过去式；are planted被种植，一般现在时的被动语态；were planted被种植，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知，句子用一般现在时，且主语“A lot of trees”与动词“plant”之间是被动关系，表示树被种植，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
7．Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ every year and attracts millions of visitors.
A．holds B．is held C．held D．was held
【答案】B
【详解】句意：哈尔滨国际冰雪节每年举办并吸引数百万游客。
考查动词的时态和语态。holds举办，一般现在时；is held被举办，一般现在时的被动语态；held举办，一般过去时/过去分词；was held被举办，一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意，主语“哈尔滨国际冰雪节”是被举办的对象，且“every year”表示每年发生的习惯性动作，需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
8．The Dragon Boat Festival ________ on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year.
A．hold B．is held C．held D．was held
【答案】B
【详解】句意：端午节每年在农历五月初五举行。
考查被动语态和时态。hold举行；is held被举行，一般现在时被动语态；held举行，过去式；was held被举行，一般过去时被动语态。主语“端午节”是节日，不能主动执行动作，需用被动语态；时间状语“every year”表示每年发生的习惯性事件，需用一般现在时。故选B。
9．— It is ________ that a strong earthquake (地震) hit (袭击) part of Japan recently (最近). Is that true
— Yes. Local people are trying their best to deal with the disaster (灾难).
A．say B．said C．says
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——据说最近日本部分地区发生了强烈地震，这是真的吗？——是的。当地人正在尽力应对灾难。
考查句型辨析。根据句子结构“It is…that…”可知，此处应使用It is said that…，表示“据说…”的被动语态结构，强调传闻。故选B。
10．Digital payment ________ widely in our daily life now—almost everyone uses it.
A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used
【答案】B
【详解】句意：数字支付在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用——几乎每个人都使用它。
考查被动语态和现在时态。uses使用，一般现在时态，主动语态；is used一般现在时态，被动语态；used一般过去时态，主动语态；was used一般过去时态，被动语态。根据主语“Digital payment”，可知其为单数，且由“now”可知为现在时，需用现在时的被动语态“is used”。故选B。
11．Don’t play with the knife. It _______ cutting things.
A．is using for B．is use for C．is used for
【答案】C
【详解】句意：不要玩那把刀。它是用来切东西的。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。use使用。根据“It...cutting things.”可知，此处是在陈述事实，所以时态为一般现在时，该句主语It指代knife，和谓语动词use之间是被动关系，所以谓语动词应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are+动词的过去分词，且主语为第三人称单数。故选C。
12．Hurry up. Once the concert starts, nobody________ to enter the concert hall.
A．allows B．is allowed C．allowed D．is allowing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：快点。一旦音乐会开始，就不允许任何人进入音乐厅了。
考查被动语态。根据题干可知，主语“nobody”与动词“allow”是被动关系，所以应用被动语态结构：be done。故选B。
13．—Beijing is not the first city in China to fine (罚款) eaters on the subway.
—Yes. People who eat on the subway in Hong Kong ________ with up to 2,000 Hong Kong dollars.
A．punished B．have punished C．were punished D．are punished
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——北京不是中国第一个在地铁上对食客罚款的城市。——是的。在香港地铁上吃东西的人最高被罚2000港币。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语People“人”和动词punish“惩罚”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。
14．Xinjiang is the largest cotton—producing area in China. About 90% of China’s cotton ________ there.
A．produces B．produced C．is produced
【答案】C
【详解】句意：新疆是中国最大的产棉区。中国大约90%的棉花都产自那里。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，此处是在陈述事实，所以时态为一般现在时；又根据该句主语About 90% of China’s cotton和produce之间是被动关系，所以此处考查一般现在时的被动语态，应该填入is produced，作谓语。故选C。
15．Many tall buildings ________ in our city every year.
A．has built B．were built C．are building D．are built
【答案】D
【详解】句意：每年在我们城市，许多高楼被建造。
考查被动语态。主语Many tall buildings与选项核心词build之间为被动关系，需被动语态。根据“every year”可知，本句需一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be done，主语为复数，be动词用are。故选D。
16．A lot of water ________ in Shanghai every year. It’s a big problem.
A．wastes B．is wasting C．wasted D．is wasted
【答案】D
【详解】句意：上海每年有大量的水被浪费。这是个大问题。
考查动词的时态和被动语态。wastes浪费，一般现在时主动语态；is wasting正在浪费，现在进行时主动语态；wasted浪费，一般过去时主动语态；is wasted被浪费，一般现在时被动语态。分析句子可知，主语water此处表示被动含义，表示“水被浪费”，使用被动语态。根据时间状语“every year”可知，一般现在时表示习惯性或经常性动作，时态是一般现在时。故选D。
17．—Have you finished your project
—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I __________ ten more minutes.
A．give B．will give C．will be given D．am given
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你的项目完成了吗？——现在还没有。如果再给我十分钟，我会完成的。
考查if引导的条件状语从句和一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Not yet. I’ll finish it if I...ten more minutes.”可知这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所以从句要用一般现在时，故排除B、C选项。又因为句子主语是I，是动作的承受者，所以要用被动语态，被动语态的结构为“be动词+动词的过去分词”。故选D。
18．—Excuse me, is it my turn to enter the doctor’s office now
—Not yet. Please wait here until your name ________.
A．calls B．will call C．is called D．is calling
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——对不起，现在轮到我进医生的办公室了吗？——还没有。请在这里等候，直到有人叫你的名字。
考查时态语态。句子主语“your name”与动词call之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，此处是until引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”的原则，空处所在的从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。
19．Most of the earth’s surface ________ by water.
A．covers B．covered C．is covered D．was covered
【答案】C
【详解】句意：地球表面的大部分被水覆盖着。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Most of the earth’s surface ... by water.”可知，主语Most of the earth’s surface与cover之间是被动关系，该句且陈述事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。故选C。
20．A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the road in Chengdu these days.
A．plant B．are planted C．are planting D．was planted
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这些天在成都的路上种了许多美丽的花。
考查句子时态和语态。plant动词原形；are planted一般现在时的被动语态；are planting现在进行时；was planted一般过去时的被动语态。主语flowers和动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“these days”可知，时态为一般现在时，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态（结构：be+动词过去分词），主语是复数，be动词用are。故选B。
21．The national flag ________ by us every morning.
A．raises B．rises C．is raised D．is risen
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们每天早晨都升起国旗。
考查一般现在时被动语态。raises升起，及物动词；rises上升，不及物动词；is raised被升起；is risen错误表达。根据“The national flag...by us ”以及选项可知，此处须用被动语态，表示国旗被我们升起。故选C。
22．—Let’s play soccer, Jack.
—Sorry. I need one more hour before my project ________.
A．finishes B．will be finished C．will finish D．is finished
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我们踢足球吧，杰克。——对不起。我还需要一个小时才能完成我的项目。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“I need one more hour before my project ….”可知，此处为before引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时，主语project和动词为被动关系，其结构为be+done，主语为单数，be动词用is。故选D。
23．—Mr. Wu, when can we start the science experiment (实验)
—Only after the safety rules ________ clearly.
A．are explained B．will be explained C．were explained D．have explained
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——吴老师，我们什么时候可以开始科学实验？——只有在安全规则被明确解释之后。
考查被动语态和时态。根据“Only after the safety rules...clearly”可知，规则应该是被解释清楚，且此处after引导时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，故从句需用一般现在时，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，即am/is/are done的结构。故选A。
24．Plastic bottles and waste paper________ carefully by workers every day to make the environment better.
A．separate B．were separated
C．have separated D．are separated
【答案】D
【详解】句意：工人们每天都会仔细分拣塑料瓶和废纸，让环境变得更好。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“Plastic bottles and waste paper”与“separate”之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，其结构是“be + done”，根据“every day”可知，此处用一般现在时态，所以用“are separated”。故选D。
25．The blind ________ to take guide dogs into more public places. It’s really helpful.
A．allow B．are allowed C．allowed D．were allowed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：盲人被允许带导盲犬进入更多公共场所，这真的很有帮助。
考查被动语态。，主语“the blind”与动词“allow”之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是现在的一般情况，需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
26．This artwork was ________ a famous artist of the Ming dynasty, so it has high value.
A．painted by B．painting C．paint
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这件艺术品是由一位明朝著名画家绘制的，因此它具有很高的价值。
考查被动语态。主语“This artwork”与动词“paint”之间是被动关系，且空格后接“a famous artist”，需用被动语态“was painted by”表示“被……所绘”。故选A。
27．—You are unusually quiet, Jack. What’s the matter
—I ________ by Mum just now.
A．am punished B．was punishing C．was punished D．punished
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——杰克，你异常安静。怎么了？——我刚才被妈妈惩罚了。
考查被动语态。am punished被惩罚，一般现在时；was punishing正在惩罚，过去进行时；was punished被惩罚，一般过去时被动语态；punished惩罚，一般过去时主动语态。根据“just now”可知动作发生在过去，且主语“I”与“惩罚”之间为被动关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
28．—Did you go to Jack’s birthday party
—No, I ________.
A．am not invited B．wasn’t invited C．haven’t invited D．didn’t invite
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你去参加杰克的生日派对了吗？——没有，我没有被邀请。
考查被动语态。am not invited未被邀请，一般现在时被动；wasn’t invited未被邀请，一般过去时被动；haven’t invited没有邀请，现在完成时主动；didn’t invite没有邀请，一般过去时主动。根据问句“Did you go to Jack’s birthday party ”可知，对话谈论的是过去的事情，且“我”与“邀请”之间是被动关系 (我被邀请)，需用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
29．—The trees in the photo look so wonderful. Where ________ the photo ________
—In my hometown. It is a place with natural beauty.
A．did; take B．was; taken C．does; take D．are; taken
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——照片里的树看起来太美了。这张照片是在哪里拍的？——在我的家乡。那是一个自然风光优美的地方。
考查被动语态。did; take一般过去时的主动语态；was; taken一般过去时的被动语态；does; take一般现在时的主动语态；are; taken一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Where…the photo… ”可知，照片是被拍摄，且拍摄这个动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
30．There was little time left in the meeting, so Dr Robot ________ to cut down his speech to 20 minutes.
A．told B．was told C．was telling D．is told
【答案】B
【详解】句意：会议剩下的时间不多了，所以机器人博士被告知将他的演讲缩短到20分钟。
考查被动语态。told告诉；was told被告知，一般过去时被动语态；was telling正在告诉；is told被告诉，一般现在时被动语态。根据句意，机器人博士是“被告诉”要缩短演讲，且前句“There was little time left”为一般过去时，此处需用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were + 过去分词）。故选B。
31．The poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ her work in the end. She couldn’t believe her ears.
A．told; paying for B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．was told; to pay for
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这个可怜的女人被告知公司最终负担不起她的工作报酬。她不敢相信自己的耳朵。
考查被动语态和动词短语。根据“She couldn’t believe her ears.”可知，第一个空表示这位女士被告知，应使用被动语态was told；afford to do sth.意为“负担得起做某事”，第二个空用动词不定式，pay for意为“支付……的报酬”。故选D。
32．—Why didn’t you come to his birthday party yesterday
—Because I ________.
A．didn’t invite B．isn’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．haven’t invited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你昨天为什么没来参加他的生日派对？——因为我没被邀请。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Why didn’t you come to his birthday party yesterday ”可知，句子主语“I”和“invite”是被动关系，且时间是“yesterday”，用一般过去时的被动语态“wasn’t invited”。故选C。
33．The story ________ by a young writer last year. It has become very popular among teenagers.
A．writes B．wrote C．is written D．was written
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这个故事是一位年轻作家去年写的。它在青少年中变得非常受欢迎。
考查 一般过去时的被动语态。根据“by a young writer”可知， a young writer表示被动动作的执行者，且“last year”为过去时间状语，可知需用被动语态的过去时形式。故选D。
34．—The flowers on both sides make the street beautiful.
—Yes. They ________ last week.
A．planted B．will plant
C．were planted D．will be planted
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—— 街道两边的花让这条街变得美丽。—— 是的。它们是上周被种植的。
考查被动语态。根据时间状语“last week”可知动作发生在过去，且“flowers”与“plant”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
35．The famous magician, as well as his assistants, ________ to perform at the China’s Got Talent in 2022.
A．were invited B．have been invited C．was invited D．has been invited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这位著名的魔术师和他的助手们被邀请在2022年的《中国达人秀》上表演。
考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。根据“in 2022”可知，时态是一般过去时；主语和动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以空处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是：was/were+过去分词；句中的“as well as”用于连接并列主语，谓语动词的数要与第一个主语“The famous magician”保持一致，“The famous magician”表示单数，所以此处应用be动词was。故选C。
36．In the beginning, Baduanjin (八段锦) ________ as a way to improve the physical health of soldiers.
A．develops B．developed C．is developed D．was developed
【答案】D
【详解】句意：起初，八段锦被开发为一种改善士兵身体健康的方法。
考查动词的时态和语态。句子描述的是过去发生的事情（“In the beginning”表明过去的时间背景），需用过去时态，主语“Baduanjin”是动作“开发”的承受者，需用被动语态（be + 过去分词）。故选D。
37．The Shenzhou-20 spaceship ________ into space successfully on April 24, 2025.
A．sends B．sent C．is sent D．was sent
【答案】D
【详解】句意：2025年4月24日，神舟20号宇宙飞船成功发射升空。
考查一般过去时被动语态。sends一般现在时；sent一般过去时；is sent一般现在时被动语态；was sent一般过去时被动语态。根据“on April 24, 2025”可是，时态为一般过去时，主语“The Shenzhou-20 spaceship”与谓语动词send之间是被动关系，因此此处为一般过去时被动语态。故选D。
38．Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.
A．found B．founded C．discovered D．started
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们俱乐部是由有共同爱好的一群学生创立的。
考查动词。found发现；founded被创立，“be founded by...”表示 “由……创立”；discovered发现；started创办，在表示 “创办” 时，较为口语化。根据“Our club was … by a group of students”可知，此处主语是俱乐部，在正式表达组织成立时，“founded” 更为合适。故选B。
39．Last month, the little girl ________ well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering.
A．is cared for B．was cared for C．will be cared for D．care for
【答案】B
【详解】句意：上个月，当小女孩的父母在当志愿者时，她被邻居们照顾得很好。
考查时态。根据“the little girl…well enough by the neighbors”可知此处表示“被照顾”要用被动语态，再根据Last month可知此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是the little girl，结构为was done。故选B。
40．—Did you hear that our school soccer team won the game
—Yes. The news ______ on the radio this morning.
A．reported B．is reported C．was reported D．reports
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你听说我们学校的足球队赢了比赛吗？——听说了。今天早上收音机里报道了这个消息。考查一般过去时的被动语态。句中“news”和“report”之间是被动关系，即新闻是被报道的，所以要用被动语态。被动语态的结构是“be + 过去分词”。根据时间状语“this morning”可知，事情发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语“news”是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以be动词用was。故选C。
41．—Who ________ this book ________
—William Shakespeare.
A．did, written by B．was, written C．did, write by D．was, written by
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——谁写的这本书？——William Shakespeare。
考查被动语态。“this book”与“write”之间存在被动关系，需用结构be done；疑问词是who，因此需用by表示“被谁所写”（被动语态中动作的执行者需要用by引出）。故选D。
42．—Look! What an amazing Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge!
—Yeah. It ________ in 2018.
A．completed B．was completed C．would completed D．had completed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——看！多么令人惊叹的港珠澳大桥！——是啊。它于2018年完工。
考查时态和语态。句子主语是“It”，指代港珠澳大桥，表示“被完成”，且时间为2018年，应使用一般过去时的被动语态“was completed”。故选B。
43．Those things ________ in India. They are cheap and nice.
A．were making B．have made C．were made
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这些东西是在印度制造的。它们又便宜又好。
考查被动语态。主语“Those things”与动词“make”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，故选C。
44．The photos you just found are ________ old that I almost forget where they ________.
A．so; have taken B．so; were taken C．such; have taken D．such; were taken
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你刚刚找到的这些照片太旧了，以至于我几乎都忘了它们是在哪里拍的了。
考查so…that…结构以及被动语态。根据“The photos you just found are…forget where they…”可知，空处①指的是这些照片太旧了，so…that…结构中，so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词，such…that…结构中，such是形容词，用来修饰名词，此处是修饰形容词old，故选so；空处②指的是照片是被拍摄的，所以要用被动语态，其结构为“be+过去分词”。take的过去分词是taken，故选B。
45．The novel ________ by a famous writer in 1990.
A．wrote B．was written C．writes D．is written
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这部小说由一位著名作家于1990年创作。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。wrote写，过去式；was written被创作，一般过去时的被动语态；writes写，一般现在时；is written被创作，一般现在时的被动语态。根据“in 1990”可知为一般过去时；主语“The novel”和“write”之间为被动关系，谓语结构为be done。综上可知，该句为一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
46．The instant noodle ________ by a Japanese in 1958.
A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented
【答案】D
【详解】句意：方便面是1958年由一个日本人发明的。
考查时态和语态。invent发明。根据 “in 1958” 可知，此处用一般过去时，结合句意，主语the instant noodle与谓语invent之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
47．—What ______ to you, Jack
—I ______ by an e-bike and hurt my arms.
A．took place; hit B．happened; hit C．took place; was hit D．happened; was hit
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你怎么了，杰克？——我被一辆电动自行车撞了，胳膊受伤了。
考查动词辨析和动词语态。happen发生，强调偶然性；take place发生，多强调按照计划发生的事情。根据“What…to you, Jack ”以及“by an e-bike and hurt my arms.”可知，是对偶然发生的意外提问，what happened to you“你怎么了”为固定表达，因此填过去式happened；根据“I…by an e-bike”可知，应该是被撞了，应该填一般过去时的被动语态was hit。故选D。
48．—Where did you go last night
—I ________ to go to Danny’s birthday party.
A．asked B．am asked C．ask D．was asked
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你昨晚去哪儿了？——我被邀请去了参加丹尼的生日聚会。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last night”可知，时态应为一般过去时，因此选项B和C可以排除；句子主语I与动词ask形成被动关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，与主语I连用的be动词为was，故选D。
49．Luckily a little monkey ________ by some kind visitors yesterday.
A．is saved B．was saved C．will be saved D．has been saved
【答案】B
【详解】句意：幸运的是，一只小猴子昨天被一些好心的游客救了。
考查动词时态。分析句子，主语“a little monkey”与谓语动词save之间是被动关系，又根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”可知，本句用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选B。
50．Tea, one of the most popular drinks, ________ by accident in China.
A．discovered B．is discovered C．will be discovered D．was discovered
【答案】D
【详解】句意：茶，最受欢迎的饮料之一，是在中国被偶然发现的。
考查时态和语态。主语Tea和谓语discover之间是被动关系，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。
二、完成句子（每小题2分，共20分）
51．He saw her enter the room.（改为被动语态）
→ She enter the room.
【答案】 was seen to
【详解】句意：他看见她走进了房间。see sb. do sth.是感官动词see的常用结构，改为被动语态时要变成sb. be seen to do sth.；时态是一般过去时，主语“She”是第三人称单数，所以应用be动词was。故填was；seen；to。
52．My mother bought me a new dress last week.（改为被动语态）
A new dress me by my mother last week.
【答案】 was bought for
【详解】句意：上周我妈妈给我买了一条新连衣裙。主动句“buy sb sth”改为被动句时，结构为“sth be bought for sb”。本句为一般过去时，主语“a new dress”是单数，用was；“buy”的过去分词为bought；“给某人”用for sb。故填was；bought；for。
53．My aunt wrote this novel. （改为同义句）
This novel my aunt.
【答案】 was written by
【详解】句意：我阿姨写了这本小说。原句是主动语态，改为同义句需转换为被动语态“be+过去分词”，write的过去分词为written，主语是This novel，时态为一般过去时，be动词用was；by“被”。故填was；written；by。
54．Lucy bought some fruit.
Some fruit Lucy.
【答案】 was bought by
【详解】句意：露西买了一些水果。此处是主动语态变为被动语态。根据“Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit…Lucy.”两个句子对照，可知转换后的句子主语是原句的宾语，应用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，构成为was/were done by…，fruit为不可数名词，应用was，故填was；bought；by。
55．The telephone was invented in 1876. (就划线部分提问)
the telephone invented
【答案】 When was
【详解】句意：电话是1876年发明的。划线部分是“in 1876”，应用when进行提问，时态为一般过去时，主语是单数“the telephone”，与“发明”存在被动关系，需用结构was done。故填When；was。
56．The room was cleaned by Tom. (就划线部分提问)
the room cleaned
【答案】 Who was by
【详解】句意：房间是汤姆打扫的。划线部分“Tom”指人，疑问词用who，首字母大写；句子是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was done；用介词by表示“被”。故填Who；was；by。
57．The apples are picked by hand. （对画线部分提问）
the apples
【答案】 How are picked
【详解】句意：苹果是用手摘的。划线部分为做事的方式，应用特殊疑问词how“如何”，“apples”和“pick”之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用“are”，放在主语前，pick的过去分词为picked。故填How；are；picked。
58．The chopsticks are made of wood.（对画线部分提问）
the chopsticks of
【答案】 What are made
【详解】句意：筷子是用木头做的。画线内容是“wood”，因此这里用“what”提问，在句首首字母大写，表示“筷子是什么制作的？”be made of“由……制作”。故填What；are；made。
59．They allow us to do our favourite activities. (改为被动语态)
→ We to do our favourite activities.
【答案】 are allowed
【详解】句意：他们允许我们做我们最喜欢的活动。根据原句可知，句子时态为一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态的谓语结构为“be+done”，由主语“we”可知，be动词应用are，故填are；allowed。
60．That kind of car is produced in China. (对画线部分提问)
that kind of car
【答案】 Where is produced
【详解】句意：这种车是中国生产的。分析句子可知，对in China提问，是对地点提问，用疑问词where，位于句首首字母需大写；此处是一般现在时的被动语态，助动词is位于主语前，后面谓语用过去分词produced，故填Where；is；produced。
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