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8B Unit4 重点语法提升练
单元语法：疑问词+to do作宾语, must have to 用法
"疑问词+to do"可以作动词的宾语:
1.适用于该结构的特殊疑问词包括:疑问代词who、whom、what、which、whose;疑问副词when、where、how（why不适用于此结构。）
Sun Mingjuan decided where to work. 孙明娟(音译)决定了去哪里工作。
Bill Gates knew how to help children. 比尔.盖茨知道怎样帮助孩子们。
2.常接"疑问词+动词不定式"的动词(词组)包括:ask、explain、forget、know、remember、decide、find out、 hear、 learn、 see、 understand、 consider、discover、guess、think、wonder 等。
We must know what to say at a meeting.我们必须知道在会议上说什么。
There are so many kinds of tape recorders that I can't decide which to buy.有这么多种录音机，以至于我不能决定买哪个。
3.此结构可与宾语从句互相转换。
Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher.
= Jack did not know where he couldfind such a good teacher.杰克不知道去哪儿找这样好的一位老师。
4.有些动词,如ask、show、tell、advise、inform、teach,可以先接间接宾语,然后再接"疑问词+动词不定式"结构作直接宾语。
Please show us how to do that.请给我们演示如何去做。
must的用法：
（1）must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。
如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。
注意区分must 和have to 的区别：
1. must 侧重说话者的主观看法，认为有必要有义务去做某事。have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不，被迫”之意。
如：My bike was broken yesterday, so I had to walk to school. 昨天我的自行车坏了，所以我只能走路去学校。
（2） 其否定形式mustn’t表示“ 一定不要 ” “千万别” “禁止, 不许”.
如：You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火
（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t 或 don’t have to .
如：Must I finish my homework 我现在必须完成作业吗？—No, you needn’t.不，你不必。
(4) must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.
语法过关小测
满分：60分；时间：40分钟
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共50分）
1．No one tells us ________, so we need your help.
A．how we should do B．how to do it
C．what should we do D．what to do it
2．The real fact is that many customers (顾客) just don’t know who __________ solve problems with house qualities.
A．to complain to to B．to complain to
C．to complain D．complained
3．One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________.
A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it
4．I have got a new laptop, but I don’t know ________ it.
A．what to use B．which one to use
C．why to use D．how to use
5．There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore. I don’t know ________.
A．what to buy B．which to buy C．how to buy D．where to buy
6．He didn’t know English at all, so he can’t understand ______ the machine.
A．what to control B．to control what C．how to control D．to control how
7．Could you tell me where ________ the bank
A．to find B．can I find C．how to find D．find
8．—Tom, can you tell me ________ an e-mail to you
—Of course. It’s easy.
A．how can I send B．how I could send
C．how to send D．what to send
9．I wasn’t sure what ________ for my school project, so I asked my dad what I should do.
A．write B．writing C．wrote D．to write
10．—Judy, do you know ________
—By speaking more and reading a lot.
A．where to learn English B．who to ask for help with English
C．when to learn English D．how to improve English
11．Let me ________ you how ________ this camera.
A．show; to use B．to show; use
C．showing; using D．show; using
12．—I am worried about my studies, but I don’t know_________ about my problems.
—Come on! You can talk to me. We are good friends.
A．what to talk B．what to talk about C．who to talk to D．who to talk
13．The Maths problem is too difficult. The students don’t know _________ it.
A．how to solve B．what to solve C．when to solve D．why to solve
14．Hello, everyone.Attention, please. Now let me tell you ________ to Changsha park.
A．how to get B．what to get C．whom to get D．where to get
15．—I have no idea ________ to Lisa’s birthday party.
—You can ask Mr. Cool for help. He knows a lot about tradition and color.
A．how to go B．when to go C．what to wear D．what to eat
16．This video teaches people ________ to protect themselves during an earthquake.
A．what B．how C．who D．that
17．Linda wants to join the book club because reading can open her mind and make her ________ how _________.
A．to learn, think B．learning, to think C．learn, to think D．learn, thinking
18．A mother tiger stays with her babies and takes care of them. She finds food for them and also teaches them ________ food.
A．what to look for B．how to look for
C．what to find out D．how to find out
19．It’s very important for us to know _________ English well.
A．how to study B．when to study C．what to study
20．Everyone should learn how ________ safe when there is a fire.
A．keep B．keeps C．keeping D．to keep
21．Astronauts ________ make mistakes during the spacewalk, or it will be very dangerous.
A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t
22．—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It _______ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
A．must B．can C．need D．may
23．According to the museum rules, flashlights (闪光灯) ________ be turned off while taking photos.
A．should B．may C．can D．must
24．I ________ go now, or I’ll be late for Dead to Rights.
A．can B．may C．must D．could
25．—Miss Li, I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel.
—I’m afraid you _________. After all, you broke his glasses.
A．may B．have to C．mustn’t D．needn’t
26．—Can you come to my party tomorrow
—I’m sorry. I _____ look after my mother. She is ill.
A．can B．may C．would D．have to
27．Nowadays many museums are free, so people _______ pay to enter.
A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．shouldn’t D．can’t
28．— Mom, ________ you go shopping with me this Sunday
— I’m afraid not. I ________ look after your grandma. You can go with your sister.
A．can; have to B．can; can C．must; have to D．should; may
29．— Can you go shopping with me this afternoon
— Sorry, I can’t. I _________ do my homework first.
A．have to B．can C．may
30．You ________ tidy up the room now. You can do it later.
A．haven’t to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．don’t have to
31．He ________ finish his homework before 9:00 p.m.
A．have to B．has to C．must to D．need to
32．You _________ return the book to the library by Friday, or you _________ pay a fine.
A．must; have to B．can; must C．may; will D．should; might
33．He ________ go to the market himself because he can buy things online.
A．have to B．has to C．don’t have to D．doesn’t have to
34．—Must we clean the classroom at once
—No, you ________. You ________ clean it after school.
A．mustn’t; may B．may not; must C．don’t have to; may
35．The Internet in our classroom is too slow, so I ________ go to the library to study.
A．must B．can C．should D．have to
36．In spite of the opportunities as well as benefits, I ________ admit that the idea of studying abroad scares me.
A．need B．can C．have to D．ought
37．—Mom, must I do my homework now
—No, you ______. You can take a rest first.
A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．don’t have to
38．— Can you come to my birthday party
— Sorry, I can’t. I ________ help my mom at home.
A．might B．should C．have to D．can
39．—Can I use my phone in class, Miss Wang
—No, you ________ use it. It’s against the school rules.
A．might not B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
40．—Can I fish here
—No, you ________. The sign says, “No fishing.”
A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．may not D．mustn’t
41．We ________ perform a fire safety check every month according to the safety rules.
A．can B．must C．may D．ought to
42．—________ I hand in the report after class, Mr. Smith
—No, you needn’t. You can hand it in next Monday.
A．May B．Must C．Can D．Need
43．You ________ be quiet in the library. It’s a rule.
A．can B．may C．must D．could
44．—I’m afraid you ________ apologize for what you said earlier if you want to stay in this club.
—I’m really sorry, and I’ll make it right.
A．must B．can C．may D．would
45．—Ms. Li, must we hand in the book report today
—No, you ________. Just make sure you give it to me before Friday.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
46．You ________ follow the traffic rules when you go out. It’s safe.
A．must B．can C．may D．could
47．You ________ finish your homework before watching TV. It’s our family rule.
A．must B．can C．may D．might
48．— Mum, ________ I play football this afternoon
— Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first.
A．could; must B．may; could C．could; can
49．All the countries in the world ________ do their share to make our Earth a better place.
A．must B．may C．is going D．can
50．You ______ cross the street when the traffic light is red. It’s dangerous.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can D．may
二、完成句子(每小题2分，共10分)
51．数字化工具也帮助学生进行网上学习并了解如何更好获取信息。
Digital tools also help students to learn online and know information better.
52．你能告诉我什么时候去旅行吗？
Can you tell me go on a trip
53．李老师耐心地教导我们如何确保这样的事情不再发生。
Miss Li patiently taught us this doesn’t happen again.
54．I really can’t decide where I should go.（改为同义句）
I really can’t decide .
55．我们应该思考如何让自然风景更美丽。
We should think about make natural scenery .
答案与解析
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共50分）
1．No one tells us ________, so we need your help.
A．how we should do B．how to do it
C．what should we do D．what to do it
【答案】B
【详解】句意：没有人告诉我们怎么做，所以我们需要你的帮助。
考查不定式和宾语从句。how we should do错误形式；how to do it如何去做；what should we do我们应该做什么；what to do it错误形式。分析句子结构可知，空处是“tells”的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，根据“ so we need your help”可知，我们需要帮助，可推知没有人告诉我们该怎么做。故选B。
2．The real fact is that many customers (顾客) just don’t know who __________ solve problems with house qualities.
A．to complain to to B．to complain to
C．to complain D．complained
【答案】A
【详解】句意：事实是，许多顾客根本就不知道要向谁申诉来解决房屋质量问题。
考查疑问词+to do结构及动词不定式用法。根据分析句子结构可知，需用who+to do结构。在句中作宾语，complain to sb.表示“向某人申诉”，who to complain to表示“向谁申诉”，再根据“don’t know who...solve problems with house qualities.”可知，solve problems...为目的状语，要用不定式表目的。故选A。
3．One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________.
A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it
【答案】B
【详解】句意：其中一个矮个子男人开始跟我说话，但我不知道说什么。
考查疑问词加不定式的用法。when to say何时说；what to say说什么；how to say如何说；what to say it错误表达。根据“One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know...”可知，空处指我不知道“说什么”，需what to say，在句中作宾语。故选B。
4．I have got a new laptop, but I don’t know ________ it.
A．what to use B．which one to use
C．why to use D．how to use
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我刚刚买了一个新笔记本电脑，但我不知道如何使用它。
考查疑问词+to do用法。what to use用什么；which one to use用哪一个；why to use为什么用；how to use如何用。根据“but I don’t know...it”可知，空处指“如何用”，how to use it是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的复合结构，作动词know的宾语。故选D。
5．There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore. I don’t know ________.
A．what to buy B．which to buy C．how to buy D．where to buy
【答案】B
【详解】句意：新华书店里许多不同种类的书，我不知道买哪一本。
考查宾语从句的用法。know后跟一个宾语从句，当从句中省略主语和助动词时，可用特殊疑问词+to do来代替。根据“There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore.”可知，因书的种类多，所以不知道买哪一本，故用which to buy。故选B。
6．He didn’t know English at all, so he can’t understand ______ the machine.
A．what to control B．to control what C．how to control D．to control how
【答案】C
【详解】句意：他根本不懂英语，所以他不知道如何控制这台机器。
考查宾语从句的简化。根据“he can’t understand”可知，该句是宾语从句，当从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构，结合“the machine.”可知，应该是如何操控机器。故选C。
7．Could you tell me where ________ the bank
A．to find B．can I find C．how to find D．find
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你能告诉我在哪里可以找到银行吗？
考查宾语从句。分析题干可知，此处考查宾语从句。从句应用陈述句语序，所以此处应是“where I can find”，或者可以简化为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，即“where to find”。故选A。
8．—Tom, can you tell me ________ an e-mail to you
—Of course. It’s easy.
A．how can I send B．how I could send
C．how to send D．what to send
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你能告诉我怎样给你发送一份电子邮件吗 ——当然了，很简单。
考查宾语从句的简化。题干中，tell me后需要接宾语补足语，宾语从句的语序需用陈述语序，选项A不对，可排除；主句时态是一般现在时，从句时态无需用过去时，选项B可排除；根据“ It’s easy.”可知很容易，因此是询问怎样发邮件，应用how引导的宾语从句，可简化为“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构。故选C。
9．I wasn’t sure what ________ for my school project, so I asked my dad what I should do.
A．write B．writing C．wrote D．to write
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我不确定我的学校作业该写些什么，所以我问我爸爸我该写什么。
考查非谓语动词。根据“I wasn’t sure”可知，what引导宾语从句，此时可用“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，故此处应用动词不定式to write。故选D。
10．—Judy, do you know ________
—By speaking more and reading a lot.
A．where to learn English B．who to ask for help with English
C．when to learn English D．how to improve English
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——朱迪，你知道如何提高英语吗？——通过多讲和多读。
考查宾语从句（疑问词+不定式）的用法。where to learn English在哪里学英语；who to ask for help with English向谁求助英语问题；when to learn English何时学英语；how to improve English如何提高英语。根据答句“By speaking more and reading a lot.”（通过多讲和多读）可知，答句是以方式、方法回答的，因此问句应是在询问“如何提高英语”，how to improve English符合语境。故选D。
11．Let me ________ you how ________ this camera.
A．show; to use B．to show; use
C．showing; using D．show; using
【答案】A
【详解】句意：让我给你展示如何使用这个相机。
考查非谓语动词。show展示，动词原形；to show动词不定式；showing动名词/现在分词；to use动词不定式；use使用，动词原形；using动名词/现在分词。根据“Let me”可知，“Let sb. do sth.”是固定结构，意为“让某人做某事”，所以第一空用动词原形show；第二空“how to do sth.”是“疑问词+不定式”结构，意为“如何做某事”，所以用to use。故选A。
12．—I am worried about my studies, but I don’t know_________ about my problems.
—Come on! You can talk to me. We are good friends.
A．what to talk B．what to talk about C．who to talk to D．who to talk
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我担心我的学习，但我不知道该和谁谈论我的问题。——加油！你可以跟我谈，我们是好朋友。
考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。who to talk to和谁交谈；what to talk about谈论什么内容；who to talk错误形式。根据答句“You can talk to me.”可知，此处表示“不知道该和谁谈论问题”，强调交谈的对象。故选C。
13．The Maths problem is too difficult. The students don’t know _________ it.
A．how to solve B．what to solve C．when to solve D．why to solve
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这道数学题太难了，学生们不知道如何解决它。
考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。how to solve如何解决；what to solve解决什么；when to solve何时解决；why to solve为什么解决。根据前半句“The Maths problem is too difficult.”可知，此处表示“不知道如何解决这道题”，强调方式。故选A。
14．Hello, everyone.Attention, please. Now let me tell you ________ to Changsha park.
A．how to get B．what to get C．whom to get D．where to get
【答案】A
【详解】句意：大家好，请注意。现在让我告诉你们如何去长沙公园。
考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。how to get如何到达；what to get得到什么；whom to get去接谁；where to get在哪里得到。根据句意，此处应表示“如何到达公园”，强调方式。故选A。
15．—I have no idea ________ to Lisa’s birthday party.
—You can ask Mr. Cool for help. He knows a lot about tradition and color.
A．how to go B．when to go C．what to wear D．what to eat
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我不知道穿什么去丽莎的生日派对。——你可以请教酷先生，他对传统和颜色懂得很多。考查疑问词+不定式。根据答句“He knows a lot about tradition and color.”可知，回答的是关于穿着（颜色）的建议，因此问句应询问“穿什么”。故选C。
16．This video teaches people ________ to protect themselves during an earthquake.
A．what B．how C．who D．that
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这个视频教人们如何在地震中保护自己。
考查疑问词+不定式结构。what什么；how怎样；who谁；that引导宾语从句。teach sb. how to do sth.意为“教某人如何做某事”，符合句意。故选B。
17．Linda wants to join the book club because reading can open her mind and make her ________ how _________.
A．to learn, think B．learning, to think C．learn, to think D．learn, thinking
【答案】C
【详解】句意：琳达想加入读书俱乐部，因为阅读可以开阔她的思维，让她思考如何学习。
考查非谓语动词。第一个空，make sb. do sth.为固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，所以第一个空应填动词原形learn；第二个空，根据“how...”可知，此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，所以第二个空应填to learn。故选C。
18．A mother tiger stays with her babies and takes care of them. She finds food for them and also teaches them ________ food.
A．what to look for B．how to look for
C．what to find out D．how to find out
【答案】B
【详解】句意：母老虎会和幼崽待在一起并照顾它们。它会为幼崽觅食，还会教它们如何寻找食物。
考查疑问词+不定式的用法及动词短语辨析。what to look for寻找什么；how to look for如何寻找；what to find out查明什么；how to find out如何查明。look for强调动作，而find out强调经过调查、探究后的结果。根据“She finds food for them and also teaches…”语境可知，此处指母老虎教幼崽寻找食物的方式，强调过程，用how to look for。故选B。
19．It’s very important for us to know _________ English well.
A．how to study B．when to study C．what to study
【答案】A
【详解】句意：对我们来说，知道如何学好英语是非常重要的。
考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。how to study如何学习；when to study什么时候学习；what to study学习什么。本句已有宾语English，无需再用what，根据“know…English well”可知，此处强调学习的方式，how to study符合语义。故选A。
20．Everyone should learn how ________ safe when there is a fire.
A．keep B．keeps C．keeping D．to keep
【答案】D
【详解】句意：每个人都应该学会如何在火灾发生时保持安全。
考查动词不定式的用法。keep保持；keeps保持，第三人称单数；keeping保持，现在分词；to keep保持，不定式。根据“learn how后接不定式（即how to do sth.）”的语法规则，表示“学会如何做某事”，此处应选不定式形式to keep。故选D。
21．Astronauts ________ make mistakes during the spacewalk, or it will be very dangerous.
A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：宇航员在太空行走时绝不能犯错，否则将会非常危险。
考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止，绝不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据语境可知，宇航员在太空行走时犯错是非常危险的，所以此处强调的是绝对不能犯错，用mustn’t符合语境。故选B。
22．—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It _______ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
A．must B．can C．need D．may
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这幅剪纸非常生动。谁做的？——一定是玛丽做的。除了她，我们中没人会做。
考查情态动词表推测的用法。must必须，一定（表肯定推测）；can能，可能（表能力或可能性）；need需要；may可能（表可能性）。根据答语“None of us except her is able to do it.”可知，除了玛丽外没人会做，因此推测剪纸一定是玛丽做的，表示非常肯定的推测，用must。故选A。
23．According to the museum rules, flashlights (闪光灯) ________ be turned off while taking photos.
A．should B．may C．can D．must
【答案】D
【详解】句意：根据博物馆规定，拍照时闪光灯必须关闭。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该；may可以；can能够；must必须。根据“According to the museum rules”可知，这是博物馆的硬性规定，强调“必须”遵守，因此用must表示强制要求。故选D。
24．I ________ go now, or I’ll be late for Dead to Rights.
A．can B．may C．must D．could
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我现在必须走了，否则我看《死罪难逃》就要迟到了。
考查情态动词辨析。can能；may可能；must必须；could可以（can的过去式）。根据“or I’ll be late”可知，为了避免迟到，现在“必须”走，表示必要性。故选C。
25．—Miss Li, I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel.
—I’m afraid you _________. After all, you broke his glasses.
A．may B．have to C．mustn’t D．needn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——李老师，我不想向丹尼尔道歉。——恐怕你必须道歉。毕竟你打碎了他的眼镜。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能；have to不得不，必须；mustn’t禁止，不准；needn’t不必。根据答语后半句“After all, you broke his glasses.”（毕竟你打碎了他的眼镜）可知，说话者认为对方“必须”道歉，表示客观上的必要性。故选B。
26．—Can you come to my party tomorrow
—I’m sorry. I _____ look after my mother. She is ill.
A．can B．may C．would D．have to
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——明天你能来参加我的聚会吗？——抱歉，我不得不照顾我妈妈。她生病了。
考查情态动词辨析。can能；may可能；would将会；have to不得不。根据“She is ill.”可知，妈妈生病了，所以“不得不”照顾她，表示客观上的必要性。故选D。
27．Nowadays many museums are free, so people _______ pay to enter.
A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．shouldn’t D．can’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如今许多博物馆免费，所以人们不必付费进入。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；don’t have to不必；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“many museums are free”可知，博物馆免费意味着人们不需要付钱，表示“不必”用don’t have to。故选B。
28．— Mom, ________ you go shopping with me this Sunday
— I’m afraid not. I ________ look after your grandma. You can go with your sister.
A．can; have to B．can; can C．must; have to D．should; may
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，这个星期天你能和我一起去购物吗？——恐怕不行。我必须照顾你奶奶，你可以和你姐姐去。
考查情态动词辨析。can能；must必须；should应该；have to不得不。根据 “Mom, …you go shopping with me this Sunday ” 可知，这是孩子在礼貌地请求妈妈陪同，用can表示 “能够、可以”，语气委婉，符合请求的语境。 根据 “I’m afraid not. I…look after your grandma.” 可知，妈妈是因为客观原因（需要照顾奶奶）不能去，have to 强调 “不得不、必须”。故选A。
29．— Can you go shopping with me this afternoon
— Sorry, I can’t. I _________ do my homework first.
A．have to B．can C．may
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——今天下午你能和我一起去购物吗？ ——对不起，我不能。我必须先做作业。
考查情态动词辨析。have to必须，强调客观必要性；can能，强调能力； may可能，强调可能性。根据“Sorry, I can’t”，可知拒绝邀请后需解释原因，表达做作业的必要性，而非能力或可能性。故选A。
30．You ________ tidy up the room now. You can do it later.
A．haven’t to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．don’t have to
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你现在不必整理房间。可以稍后再做。
考查情态动词辨析。haven’t to不正确表达；needn’t to不正确表达；don’t need不需要，need作实义动词时，否定形式为don’t need to do sth.；don’t have to不必。根据“You can do it later”可知，此处表示“不必现在做”，用don’t have to表示“没有必要”。故选D。
31．He ________ finish his homework before 9:00 p.m.
A．have to B．has to C．must to D．need to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他必须在晚上9点前完成他的家庭作业。
考查情态动词的用法。have to用于第一人称，第二人称或复数主语；has to 是have to的第三人称单数形式；must to错误，因“must”后直接接动词原形，不加“to”；need to作为实义动词时，第三人称单数应加“s”变为“needs to”，但选项未体现，故错误。主语“He”为第三人称单数，需用“has to”表示“必须”。故选B。
32．You _________ return the book to the library by Friday, or you _________ pay a fine.
A．must; have to B．can; must C．may; will D．should; might
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你必须在星期五之前把书归还给图书馆，否则你将不得不支付罚款。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须，强调主观上的必要性；have to不得不，强调客观上的必要性；can能，可以；may可以，可能；will将会；should应该；might可能。根据“return the book to the library by Friday”可知，这里表示图书馆的规定：周五前还书是“必须”（主观必要性）履行的义务，否则后果是“必须”（客观结果）支付罚款。故选A。
33．He ________ go to the market himself because he can buy things online.
A．have to B．has to C．don’t have to D．doesn’t have to
【答案】D
【详解】句意：他不必自己去市场，因为他可以在网上买东西。
考查have to的用法和主谓一致。have to必须；has to必须，have to的第三人称单数形式；don’t have to不必；doesn’t have to不必，是don’t have to的第三人称单数形式。根据“because he can buy things online”可知，他可以在网上买东西，不必亲自去市场，主语He是第三人称单数，要用doesn’t have to。故选D。
34．—Must we clean the classroom at once
—No, you ________. You ________ clean it after school.
A．mustn’t; may B．may not; must C．don’t have to; may
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我们必须立刻打扫教室吗？——不，你们不必。你们可以放学后打扫。
考查情态动词。must的否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”；第二空表示“可以”，应用may。故选C。
35．The Internet in our classroom is too slow, so I ________ go to the library to study.
A．must B．can C．should D．have to
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我们教室的互联网太慢了，所以我不得不去图书馆学习。
考查情态动词的用法。must必须；can能够；should应该；have to不得不。根据“The Internet in our classroom is too slow”可知，互联网慢是客观原因，导致被迫去图书馆，强调客观必要性，因此用“have to”。故选D。
36．In spite of the opportunities as well as benefits, I ________ admit that the idea of studying abroad scares me.
A．need B．can C．have to D．ought
【答案】C
【详解】句意：尽管有机会和好处，我不得不承认出国留学的想法让我害怕。
考查情态动词的辨析。need需要；can能够；have to不得不；ought应该，通常与to连用。根据“In spite of the opportunities as well as benefits, I...admit that the idea of studying abroad scares me.”可知，尽管有积极因素，但客观上必须承认害怕，因此用have to。故选C。
37．—Mom, must I do my homework now
—No, you ______. You can take a rest first.
A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．don’t have to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我必须现在做作业吗？——不，你不必。你可以先休息一下。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；don’t have to不必。根据“No”和“You can take a rest first.”可知，此处表示“不必”现在做作业，所以应该用don’t have to，must提问时，否定答语用don’t have to或needn’t。故选C。
38．— Can you come to my birthday party
— Sorry, I can’t. I ________ help my mom at home.
A．might B．should C．have to D．can
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？——对不起，我不能去。我不得不在家帮妈妈。
考查情态动词辨析。might可能；should应该；have to不得不，必须；can能。根据“Sorry, I can’t.”可知，是因为必须在家帮妈妈所以不能去。故选C。
39．—Can I use my phone in class, Miss Wang
—No, you ________ use it. It’s against the school rules.
A．might not B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——王老师，我可以在课堂上使用手机吗？——不，你不可以使用。这违反了校规。
考查情态动词辨析。might not可能不；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止，不可以；shouldn’t不应该。根据“It’s against the school rules.”可知，在课堂上使用手机是违反校规的，所以是禁止、不可以使用的，应该用mustn’t。故选C。
40．—Can I fish here
—No, you ________. The sign says, “No fishing.”
A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．may not D．mustn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我可以在这里钓鱼吗？——不，你不可以。牌子上写着“禁止钓鱼”。
考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必；may not可能不；mustn’t禁止。根据“No fishing.”可知，此处表示“禁止、不允许”，语气最强。故选D。
41．We ________ perform a fire safety check every month according to the safety rules.
A．can B．must C．may D．ought to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：根据安全规定，我们每个月必须进行一次消防安全检查。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够，表示能力；must必须，表示必要性或强制性；may可以，表示许可或可能性；ought to应该，表示责任或建议。根据“according to the safety rules”可知，按照安全规定，每月进行消防安全检查是强制性的要求，所以应该用must。故选B。
42．—________ I hand in the report after class, Mr. Smith
—No, you needn’t. You can hand it in next Monday.
A．May B．Must C．Can D．Need
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——史密斯先生，我必须在课后交报告吗？——不必，你可以下周一交。
考查情态动词。may可以，也许，表许可或可能性；must必须，表必要或命令；can能，可以，表能力或许可；need需要，通常用于疑问句和否定句。根据答语“No, you needn’t.”可知，其对应的问句只能是由Must引导的一般疑问句（Must I... ），用于询问“我必须……吗？”，表义务或必要性，故选B。
43．You ________ be quiet in the library. It’s a rule.
A．can B．may C．must D．could
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你在图书馆必须保持安静。这是一条规定。
考查情态动词辨析。can能；may可以；must必须；could能。根据“It’s a rule.”可知，图书馆规则强调义务和必要性，需用表示强制的must表达“必须”的含义。故选C。
44．—I’m afraid you ________ apologize for what you said earlier if you want to stay in this club.
—I’m really sorry, and I’ll make it right.
A．must B．can C．may D．would
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——如果你想留在这个俱乐部，恐怕你必须为之前说的话道歉。——真的很抱歉，我会改正的。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；can能够；may可能；would将会。根据“if you want to stay in this club”可知，道歉是“必须”的条件。故选A。
45．—Ms. Li, must we hand in the book report today
—No, you ________. Just make sure you give it to me before Friday.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—— 李老师，我们今天必须交读书报告吗？—— 不，你们不必。只要确保在周五之前交给我就行。
考查情态动词。need’t不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止。根据“Ms. Li, must we hand in the book report today ”可知，此处是以must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答应用needn’t。故选A。
46．You ________ follow the traffic rules when you go out. It’s safe.
A．must B．can C．may D．could
【答案】A
【详解】句意：当你外出时，你必须遵守交通规则。这样很安全。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须，表示强烈的义务或必要性；can可以，表示能力或许可；may可以，表示委婉许可或可能性；could可以，表示委婉请求或过去的能力。结合语境及句子后半部分“It’s safe”可知，该句在强调过马路时的交通规则，遵守交通规则是出于安全考虑的必要行为，应用must强调义务和必要性。故选A。
47．You ________ finish your homework before watching TV. It’s our family rule.
A．must B．can C．may D．might
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你必须在看电视之前完成作业。这是我们的家规。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；can能够；may可以；might可能。根据“It’s our family rule.”可知，此处是家庭规定的义务，故选A。
48．— Mum, ________ I play football this afternoon
— Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first.
A．could; must B．may; could C．could; can
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我今天下午可以踢足球吗？——当然，但你必须先完成你的作业。
考查情态动词辨析。could可以；must必须；may可以；can能够。第一空表示请求允许，用could或may；第二空表示义务或必要性，必须完成作业，用must。故选A。
49．All the countries in the world ________ do their share to make our Earth a better place.
A．must B．may C．is going D．can
【答案】A
【详解】句意：世界上所有的国家必须尽自己的一份力，使我们的地球成为一个更好的地方。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；may可能；is going将要；can能够。根据“All the countries in the world…do their share to make our Earth a better place”可知，句子强调所有国家有责任和义务来改善地球，因此需用表义务或必要性的情态动词。must符合此意。故选A。
50．You ______ cross the street when the traffic light is red. It’s dangerous.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can D．may
【答案】A
【详解】句意：红灯时你不准过马路。这很危险。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can能；may可以。根据“when the traffic light is red. It’s dangerous.”可知，红灯时过马路危险，需用mustn’t表示禁止，故选A。
二、完成句子(每小题2分，共10分)
51．数字化工具也帮助学生进行网上学习并了解如何更好获取信息。
Digital tools also help students to learn online and know information better.
【答案】 how to get
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“如何获取”的表达。how to get意为“如何获取”，“know how to do sth.”意为“了解如何做某事”，get information表示“获取信息”，符合语境。故填how；to；get。
52．你能告诉我什么时候去旅行吗？
Can you tell me go on a trip
【答案】 when to
【详解】根据中文提示，此处缺少“什么时候去”的表达，根据句子结构可知，此处用“疑问词+不定式”，when“什么时候”，后接不定式符号to，构成when to，在句中作tell的宾语。故填when；to。
53．李老师耐心地教导我们如何确保这样的事情不再发生。
Miss Li patiently taught us this doesn’t happen again.
【答案】 how to make sure
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“如何确保”，“如何确保”对应的英文短语是“how to make sure”。故填how；to；make；sure。
54．I really can’t decide where I should go.（改为同义句）
I really can’t decide .
【答案】 where to go
【详解】句意：我真的决定不了应该去哪里。此句是考查复合句与简单句之间的相互转化，当主句的主语与从句的主语相一致时，可以变成“疑问句+不定式”的形式即where to go。故填where；to；go。
55．我们应该思考如何让自然风景更美丽。
We should think about make natural scenery .
【答案】 how to more beautiful
【详解】根据中文及空处可知，缺少“如何让”和“更美丽”的表达。句中think about是动词短语，介词about后可接“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，“如何做某事”的固定表达为how to do sth.，因此第一、二空填how to；more beautiful“更美丽”，此处作宾语补足语。故填how；to；more；beautiful。
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