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译林版(2024) 八年级基础知识点复习讲义
Unit 1 Friendship
1. Friendships enrich our lives. 友谊丰富了我们的生活。
build friendship 建立友谊
enrich (v.) 使充实，使丰富；使富裕，使富有
rich (adj.) 富有的；丰富的 be rich in 富含
2. Friendship is an important part of our lives. 友谊是我们生活中重要的一部分。
an (important) part of ... ......中(重要)的一部分
play an important part/role in ... 在...中扮演重要角色；对...起到重要作用
Welcome to the unit
1. helpful-stand by your side when you need support 乐于助人-当你需要支持时站在你身边
by one’s side在某人身边
support (v./n.) 支持→ supporter (n.) 支持者
with/without one’s support有/没有某人的支持 with the support of… 在…的支持下
2. honest-tell the truth诚实-说实话
honest (adj.) 诚实的，正直的→dishonest(反)
honestly (adv.) 诚实地
honesty (n.) 诚实；正直
be honest with sb.对某人诚实
to be honest = to tell (you) the truth 说实话（副词，作插入语，常放句首，后接逗号）
true (adj.) 真正的, 实质的
truly (adv.) 真实地，真正地
truth (n.) 事实
3. humorous-be good at telling jokes to make you laugh 幽默的-擅长讲笑话让你开怀大笑
be (very) humorous = have a (good/great) sense of humor/humour (很)幽默/(很)有幽默感
tell a joke/jokes 讲笑话
play a joke on sb.开某人玩笑
make a joke 编笑话
laugh at sb./sth.嘲笑某人/某事
laugh with sb.和某人一起笑
4. caring-be kind and care about you关心他人的-善良并关心你
caring (adj.) 关心他人的，体贴人的
care (v.) 关心；(n.)照顾,小心
care about关心；care for 照顾 = take (good) care of … = look after … (well) 照顾(好)…
careful (adj.) 仔细的，小心的 → carefully (adv.) 仔细地，小心地
careless (adj.) 不仔细的，不小心的 → carelessly (adv.) 粗心地
be careful with 对…小心, 小心使用......
be careful (not) to do sth.
5. cheerful-feel happy and show it 乐观的-感到开心，并表现出来
cheerless adj.无精打采的——cheer v.欢呼；鼓舞
cheer sb. up 使某人振奋起来，使某人高兴起来
cheer for sb. 为某人欢呼/加油
6. What do you think makes good friends 你认为，真正的好朋友的要素是什么？
句中的 do you think 是插入语，表示“你认为”，其后成分采用陈述句语序。
make 用作连系动词，意思是“成为，适合”，此处what为特殊疑问词做主语，故动词make用三单形式
7. They don’t lie to you, so you can trust them. 他们不会骗你，所以你可以相信他们。
lie (v.) 撒谎lie-lied; lie-lying; lie to sb. 对某人说谎
(v.) 躺；位于lie-lay; lie-lying
(n.) 谎言；谎话 tell lies = tell a lie说谎
lie to sb.对某人撒谎
trust sb = believe in sb. 信任某人
believe sb.相信某人说的话是真的
8. You like to spend time with them because they make you happy. 你喜欢花时间和他们在一起，因为他们让你开心。
happiness n.快乐 unhappy（反义词）
spend time with sb. 花时间和某人待在一起
Sb. spend time/money on sth./doing sth. 某人花时间/钱在某事上/做某事
It takes sb. time to do sth. 某人花时间做某事
Sb. pay money for sth. 某人为某物付钱
Sth. cost (sb.) money. 某物花某人钱
make sb. + adj. 使某人(感觉)......； make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
9. They can help you become a better person. 他们可以帮助你成为更好的人。
personal adj. 个人的——personally adv. 就个人而言
become a better person 变成一个更好地人
a person一个人; two persons/people两个人
10. Thank you for sharing your thoughts, class. 谢谢你分享你的想法，同学们。
think v. 思考——thinker n. 思想家
have a thought有一个想法
think (v.)-thought (过去式)
think of 想起来 What do you think of ... 你觉得...怎么样？
think twice 三思, 再三考虑
thought (n.) 想法，主意(可数) = idea
思考，思维(不可数) be lost in thought 陷入沉思
thoughtful (adj.) 体贴的，深思的 thoughtless (adj.) 欠考虑的；考虑不周的
Reading
1. Betty, my best friend, is a slim girl with big bright eyes. 我最好的朋友贝蒂是一个苗条的女孩，有一双明亮的大眼睛。
with big bright eyes 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰girl，表示“带有；具有”
2. Her hair is longer than mine, and she usually wears it in a ponytail. 她的头发比我的长，通常扎成马尾辫。
wear one’s hair in a ponytail 把头发扎成马尾辫
3. Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone any time. 贝蒂善良且乐于助人，随时准备帮助任何人。
be ready/willing to do sth 愿意、乐意做某事
any time=anytime (adv.) 任何时候
4. She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need, and she often helps us with our schoolwork. 她总是把公交车上的座位让给有需要的人，她经常帮助我们做功课。
give (up) one’s seat to sb. 给某人让座
give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事
give up on sth. 因长期努力无果或看不到希望，对某事彻底失望
in need需要帮助（的） in need of sth. = need sth. 需要某物
help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
5. When something worries me, I always go to her. 当我有什么事情让我担心时，我总是去找她。
① worry (vi.) 焦虑，不安，烦恼
worry about… 为…担心
② worried (adj.) 担心的，烦恼的
be worried about为…担心
③ worry (vt.) 使…担心，使烦恼，使不安
sth worry sb某事让某人担忧
④ worry (n.) 担心；令人担忧的事
keep your worries to yourself把担忧放在心底
6. They make him look a little bit funny. 他们让他看起来有点滑稽。
a little / a bit of + 不可数名词
a little / a bit / a little bit+形容词
funny让人发笑的（侧重滑稽） fun有趣的（侧重好玩）
7. Max has a great sense of humour. 马克斯很有幽默感。
a sense of direction/humor方向感/味觉
make sense有意义，讲得通
have a (good/great) sense of humour/direction/duty有幽默/方向/责任感
8. You will never feel bored with him around. 有他在身边，你永远不会感到无聊。
bored (adj.) (人感到)厌倦的，烦闷的 feel/get bored with… 对…感到厌倦
boring (adj.) 无趣的，令人厌倦的
9. He is energetic. He stays active by doing sport and other club activities and never seems to get tired. 他精力充沛。 他通过运动和其他俱乐部活动来保持活跃，并且似乎从不感到疲倦。
energetic (adj.) 精力充沛的 energy （n.）精力，活力 be full of energy 充满活力，精力充沛
active (adj.) 积极的；活跃的 take an active part in…积极参加
actively (adv.)积极地；活跃地 actively take part in…
seem (linking v.) 似乎、看起来
seem+形容词； seem to do sth； It seems that从句
10. Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks, but he always encourages me to keep trying. 有时我想放弃困难的任务，但他总是鼓励我继续尝试。
feel like sth. 想要某物； feel like doing sth. = want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想做某事
feel like + 名词/从句 感觉像......
encouragement n.鼓励
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
11. That means a lot to me. 这对我来说意义重大。
mean(v.) 意思是，意味着； → meaning (n.)意思 → meaningful (adj.)有意义的 → meaningless(adj.)无意义的
mean a lot to sb. = be very meaning to sb. 对某人来说意义非凡
What does…mean …的意思是什么？ What’s the meaning of…
12. I believe we will be best friends for life. 我相信我们会成为一辈子最好的朋友。
believe 相信某事为真，即认为某人说的话、某个信息或某件事是真实的、正确的。
believe in ... 相信......的存在（尤其指抽象或超自然事物）；坚信...的价值、理念或潜力。
trust 相信某人是诚实的、可靠的、有能力的，并因此愿意依赖他或向他托付某事。其对象是人、机构或某物的可靠性。
13. What quality do Betty and Max have in common 贝蒂和马克斯有什么共同点？
common (adj.) 普遍的；共同的 in common共有的，共同的
have…in common 有共同的… have nothing in common毫无共同之处
common sense常识
14. When I face difficult tasks and feel like giving up, he cheers me up and encourages me to keep going. 当我面临困难的任务并想放弃时，他会让我振作起来并鼓励我继续前进。
face (vt.) 面临；面对
in the face of…面对(困难等)
15. When I have something on my mind, I always go to her. 当我有事情想时，我总是去找她。
on one’s mind (有事)挂在心上；烦恼
What’s on your mind 是什么事让你在担忧/思考？
keep…in one’s mind = remember记住
16. I can tell her anything because she’s great at keeping secrets. 我可以告诉她任何事情，因为她很擅长保守秘密。
keep a secret/keep secrets 保守秘密
keep secrets for sb为某人保守秘密
keep secrets to sb(不让此人知道秘密)对某人保密
keep secrets to ourselves将秘密藏在某人心里
Grammar
1. 形容词的比较级、最高级形式的变化规则
形容词和副词的比较级最高级形式的变化规则
(1)大多数形容词和副词可直接在词尾加-er ,–est
(2)以e 结尾的形容词和副词,在词尾加-r,–st
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词、副词，变y为i，再加-er ,-est
如：early; happy; pretty; thirsty; hungry; busy
(4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的(两辅夹一元)，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er, est
大热天,一个穿红衣浑身湿透的伤感的发疯的胖子想要变得又瘦又苗条又健康
（big)（hot）（red）（wet）（sad）（mad）（fat）
（thin）（slim）（fit）
(5)不规则的形容词、副词的比较级最高级
many/much-more-most; little-less-least
good/well-better-best; ill/bad/badly-worse-worst
old-older-oldest; old-elder-eldest
far-farther-farthest(距离的远)
far-further-furthest(抽象的远) further study 深造
(6)多音节的形容词副词的比较级、最高级,在前面加-more, -most
如；beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful
(7)以ed; ing; ful; less; ous结尾的形容词、
形容词+ly结尾的副词，在前面加-more,-most
luck→lucky-luckier-luckiest
→luckily-more luckily-most luckily
health→healthy-healthier-healthiest
→healthily- more healthily -most healthily
noise→noisy-noisier-noisiest
→noisily-more noisily- most noisily
(8)表示“最高程度”和“绝对状态”的形容词和副词，没有比较级和最高级。
如：favorite; excellent; empty; true; right; wrong
(9)特别注意：以下在前面加-more,-most
polite, famous, nervous, seriou
2. 形容词比较级、最高级的用法
(1) 当两个人或事物进行比较时，形容词和副词要用比较级，常用than来连接被比较的两个人或物。表示“较…”“更…一些”“比…更…”
A+谓语动词+比较级+(名词)+ than B.
(A与B 做比较时，性质要一致，同类事物进行比较)
(2) 当三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较时，形容词和副词要用最高级，常用of, in, among等短语来限定比较的范围。表示“最…”。
A+谓语动词+the+最高级+(名词)+in/of/among…
(3) 注意形容词的最高级之前一定要加the, 有其他限定词时，不需要the。如：my best friend
(4) 副词的最高级之前the可以省略。
(5) 只能修饰原级的词: very, so, too, quite等。
可以修饰比较级的词: …多了much, a lot, far;
甚至更even, still; 稍微有点a little, a bit;
44. 形容词副词比较级的常用句型★
(1)第几最…： the+序数词+最高级…
如:the second biggest city 第二大城市
(2最…之一：one of + the+最高级+复数名词
如: one of my best friends
(3) A、B 和C哪一个最...
Which/Who + is + the + 最高级，A，B or C？
A和B哪一个/谁更...
Which/Who is+比较级，A or B
(4) 越…, 越…：the+比较级+主谓, the+比较级+主谓
如: The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
你吃越多，你越胖。
(5) 越来越……：比较级+and+比较级
如：faster and faster 越来越快
more and more interesting 越来越有趣
(6) 在“of the two”结构中，用the+比较级, 表示特指两个中更…的一个。
The older boy of the two boys is my brother.
那两个男孩中更老的那个是我的哥哥。
(7) 为免重复，在than后常用that, those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
that 代替不可数名词，可数名词单数;
those 代替可数名词复数
(8)同范围比较用：比较级+ than the other+复数名词
比较级+ than any other+单数名词
不属于同范围用：比较级+ than any+单数名词
上海是中国最大的城市。
Shanghai is the largest city in China. (同义句转换)
→Shanghai is larger than the other cities in China.
上海比中国的其他城市大。(上海属于中国)
→Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.
上海比中国的其他任何一个城市大。(上海属于中国)
区别：Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.
上海比日本的任何一个城市大。(上海不属于日本)
(9) 这是某人做过的最…的事:
This is the +形容词最高级+名词 that +从句（从句用现在完成时）
This is the best film that I have (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最棒的电影。
(10)某人从未做过的一件更的…的事
sb has/have never done a 形容词比较级…
I have never seen a better film.
我从未看过一个更好的电影。
3. height (n.) 身高；高度 → high(adj./adv.) 高的；高 jump high 跳得高
high adj. 高的——highly adv. 高度地；非常
the height of… … 的高度
be of medium height 中等身材
highly (adv.) 高度地（抽象意义） speak/think highly of ... 高度赞扬 ......
4. weight (n.) 重量 → weigh (v.) 重；有…重
the weight of… …的重量; put on weight增加体重； lose weight减肥
How heavy be ... = What's the weight of… = How much do/does…weigh ......有多重？
Word power
1. 后缀-ful/-less；
“-ful” means “full of”; “-less” means “without” “-ful” 的意思是充满; “-less”表示没有
none名词 adjective (with-ful) (加ful的形容词) adjective (with-ful) (加less的形容词)
care关心 careful仔细的 careless粗心的
colour颜色 colourful 多彩的 colourless 无色的;不生动的
cheer欢呼 cheerful 快乐的 cheerless 无精打采的
fear害怕 fearful 可怕的; 吓人的 fearless 无畏的; 大胆的
harm伤害 harmful有害的 harmless无害的
help帮助 helpful 乐于助人的 helpless 无助的
hope希望 hopeful 充满希望的 hopeless 没有希望的
meaning 意思 meaningful 有意义的 meaningless 无意义的
sleep睡觉 sleepy 昏昏欲睡的 sleepless 失眠的
taste味道 tasty美味的 tasteful 优美的，高雅的 tasteless 无味的
thought 想法，主义 thoughtful 体贴的，深思的 thoughtless 欠考虑的
use使用 useful有用的 useless无用的
beauty美 beautiful美丽的
wonder奇迹 wonderful 精彩的
worth价值 worthy 值得尊敬的 worthless 没用处的
cloud云 cloudy多云的 cloudless晴朗的
price价格 priceless 无价的；贵重的
end结束 endless无尽的
home家 homeless 无家可归的
none名词 adjective (with-ful) (加ful的形容词) adjective (with-ful) (加less的形容词)
care关心 careful仔细的 careless粗心的
colour颜色 colourful多彩的 colourless无色的;不生动的
cheer欢呼 cheerful快乐的 cheerless无精打采的
fear害怕 fearful可怕的; 吓人的 fearless无畏的; 大胆的
harm伤害 harmful有害的 harmless无害的
help帮助 helpful乐于助人的 helpless无助的
hope希望 hopeful充满希望的 hopeless没有希望的
meaning意思 meaningful有意义的 meaningless无意义的
sleep睡觉 sleepy昏昏欲睡的 sleepless失眠的
taste味道 tasty美味的 tasteful优美的，高雅的 tasteless无味的；没品位的
thought想法，主义 thoughtful体贴的，深思的 thoughtless欠考虑的
use使用 useful有用的 useless无用的
beauty美 beautiful美丽的
wonder奇迹 wonderful精彩的
worth价值 worthy值得尊敬的 worthless没用处的
cloud云 cloudy多云的 cloudless晴朗的
price价格 priceless无价的；贵重的
end结束 endless无尽的
home家 homeless无家可归的
2. The next day, Max came and gave me some useful advice.
advice n. 建议 （不可数）
ask sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议 give sb. advice on ... 给某人关于……的建议
take the advice 采纳建议
advise v. 建议；劝告 advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不）做某事
suggest （v.） 建议 → suggestion （cn.）建议
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事
3. In fact, I’m hopeless at most sports. 事实上，我对大多数运动都不擅长。
in fact 事实上
be hopeless at ... 不擅长....../一窍不通 be bad at ... 不擅长...... be poor in ... 在......方面比较薄弱/不擅长
4. However, Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips. 然而，西蒙足够友善地给了我许多有用的建议。
however (adv.) 然而，但是 （一般用逗号与句子其他成分隔开）
but （conj.） 但是 （位于所引出的分句之首，后不接逗号）
5. Later, a boy’s balloon got caught in a tree and Simon took it down for him. 后来，一个男孩的气球被一棵树卡住了，西蒙替他把气球取下来。
get caught 被卡住，被困住；被抓住；被发现
get caught in a tree 被卡在一棵树上 get caught in a heavy rain 遭遇了一场暴雨
get caught doing sth 被抓住做某事
Integration
1. They were very scared. 他们非常害怕。
scared (adj.) 害怕；恐惧 → scary (adj.) 恐怖的，吓人的
be scared/afraid of sth/doing sth. 害怕(做)某事（担心某种意外的、不好的结果会发生）
be scared/afraid to do sth. 害怕(做)某事（因为感到恐惧或害怕，而没有勇气去做某件事）
2. The other tried too, but he failed. 另一个人也尝试了，但他失败了。
fail to do sth. 做某事失败了，未能做成某事
fail in sth在某事上失败；
fail the+学科+ exam/test 某个学科的考试不及格
3. He knew he couldn’t fight the bear alone, so he lay down on the ground. 他知道自己无法独自对抗这只熊，所以他躺在地上。
fight ( v./n.) 打仗（架）
→fighter(n.)斗士，战斗者；战斗机
fight for为…而战
fight with…=have a fight with …与…打架
fight against与…对抗，与…斗争
4. He thought, “The bear will leave me alone if it thinks I’m dead.” 他想，“如果熊认为我死了，它会放过我。
dead (adj.) 死了的 → dying (adj.) 垂死的 → death (n.)死亡
die (v.)死 → died(过去式) → dying(现在分词)
die of死于(疾病, 内因) die from死于(事故, 外因)
5. It said a true friend should not leave you in times of danger. 它说真正的朋友不应该在危险的时候离开你。
in times of在…时期；在…时候；在…情况下
dangerous adj.危险的
反义词: safe adj.安全的
be in danger处于危险中
out of danger脱离危险
6. Once you are friends, there are some easy ways to make sure your friendship lasts. 一旦你们成为朋友，有一些简单的方法可以确保你们的友谊持续下去。
once adv. 曾经；(每隔...)一次 conj. 一旦（引导时间状语从句）
at once 立刻，马上 = right now = right away once upon a time 曾经
last (det.) 上一个的 last week 上周
adv. 最近一次
v. 持续 last+时间段 持续.... → lasting adj. 持久的
7. Maybe you have a point. 也许你说得有道理。
point n. 点；分数；观点；意义 have a point 有道理 from my point of view 依我看
v. 指向 point at/to 指向 point out 指出
8. I often tell her when something worries me, and she always tries to help and keeps it secret. 我经常在我担心的事情上告诉她，她总是试图提供帮助并保密。
keep sth. secret (from sb.) 把某事(对某人)保密
八年级英语期中练习
一、单项选择
1. — What do you think of ________ nature reserve you visited last weekend
—It’s great. It is ________ ideal home for wildlife.
A. the; a B. the; an C. a; an D. an; an
2. —Seeing is not always believing. We ________ not judge anyone or anything if we don’t know the full story.
—I can’t agree more. Put ourselves in others’ shoes and then we can really understand them.
A. would B. need C. should D. may
3. — Why are you in a hurry, James
— ________ the early bus to the city centre.
A. Catch B. To catch C. To catching D. Catching
4. —________ doing your homework all the time, what about going out to enjoy the sunshine
—OK. I will be with you in a minute.
A. Because of B. Instead of C. As if D. Not only
5. You’d better not buy ________ gift ________ mine, or he will get two pencil boxes.
A. a different; from B. the same; as C. a different; as D. the same; from
6. —Why is there a big bump（凸块）on your leg
—Oh, I rushed into the kitchen and ________ a big litter box.
A. knocked off B. knocked up C. knocked over D. knocked at
7. —________ is the cost of the trip to the Slender West Lake
—Oh, a little ________. More than 100 yuan.
A. What; expensive B. What; high C. How much; high D. How much; expensive
8. —He likes playing football very much. How long can he spend on it every day
—I think he had better spend ________ an hour a day. After all, there are some other important things to do.
A. at most B. at least C. at first D. at last
9. — How much is the ticket to Kunming
— A one-way ticket ________ 800 yuan, and you can ________ another 300 yuan for a round-trip.
A. costs; pay B. cost; spend C. pay; spend D. spends; pay
10. —Why does he keep on ________ his hands
—It is said that he just would like to keep ________.
A. washing; themselves cleaning B. to wash; it clean
C. washing; them clean D. to wash; itself cleaning
11. Eddie is ________ but we only have seen seven candles. So we need ________ candle.
A. eight years old; only one B. eight years old; another one
C. eight-year-old; another one D. eight-year-old; more one
12. The six astronauts (宇航员) from China greeted each other _________ when Shen Zhou XVII ________ the space station.
A. excitedly; arrive B. slowly; reach for C. sadly; got to D. happily; arrived at
13I think Daniel’s paintings are better than ________ in his class.
A. any other boys’ B. the other boys
C. any of the other boys’ D. any boy’s
14. Not only his friends but also he, with his parents, ________ a great time ________ water sports now.
A. has; playing B. are having; to play C. have; to play D. is having; playing
15. —So you mean you don’t like the film which are popular these days
—________. I like the actors in it, but I don’t like the plots (情节).
A. Certainly not B. Of course C. Not exactly D. Good idea
二、完形填空
Long long ago, in a small village, there lived a bird named Kola and a monkey named Chika. Kola had a beautiful ____16____. Animals from near and far like to come to listen to Kola sing.
One day, Kola found a shiny stone in the ____17____. It made his voice even more beautiful. He was so ____18____ that he hurried back to share the news with others.
Chika ____19____ a beautiful singing voice too. After hearing about Kola’s story, he secretly ____20____ Kola into the forest. He searched for a long time ____21____ he found a stone that was like Kola’s. Excitedly, he picked ____22____ up and wished for a beautiful voice, but ____23____ happened. He felt a little sad ____24____ decided to go back home.
When Chika reached a ____25____, he saw a bird caught in a net below. Chika jumped down from the bridge and ____26____ the bird out. The bird thanked him a lot. Later, Chika found a tiger running after a group of small animals. He ____27____ climbed the nearest tree and distracted (分散……的注意力) the tiger. The small animals finally ____28____.
By the time Chika returned to the village, he had become a local ____29____. Everyone in the village was amazed by his bravery. He realized that being ____30____ and helpful was just as important as having a beautiful voice. So, he didn’t look for the stone any more and was ready to help others any time.
16. A. name B. voice C. tail D. head
17. A. river B. hill C. forest D. village
18. A. happy B. hungry C. sad D. kind
19. A. had B. found C. heard D. wanted
20. A. caught B. followed C. put D. took
21. A. if B. after C. because D. until
22. A. them B. him C. it D. her
23. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
24. A. but B. and C. or D. so
25. A. wall B. tree C. bridge D. gate
26. A. saw B. helped C. bit D. waited
27. A. quickly B. happily C. finally D. early
28. A. looked out B. turned around C. woke up . D. ran away
29. A. monkey B. hero C. volunteer D. doctor
30. A. generous B. friendly C. brave D. careful
三、阅读理解
A
Hi, listeners! Here is some news about films, lectures and shows in our city this week.
First, let’s talk about City Museum. Do you want to travel Come to see travel films about Japan, Italy, America, England, Russia and Korea in the meeting room of City Museum at 2:30 on the afternoons of Saturday and Sunday. There are only 80 seats, so come early. Tickets cost ￥10 each. Next, let’s go to City Library. There will be a two-hour lecture at 10:00 a.m. on Tuesday in the ball. You can get some advice on how to choose the right job. Each ticket is ￥25. Coke and sandwiches are free. The last news is exciting. If you are interested in fashion, you can come to autumn fashion show in Golden Shopping Centre at 3:00 p.m. on Friday. 33 handsome and pretty models will show the latest fashions. The tickets are all free. All the clothing will be on sale after the show for under ￥100.
That’s all for today’s news. Now, let’s enjoy some beautiful English songs. First Alice by Avril Lavigne. This is a beautiful song from the film Alice in Wonderland. Hope you will enjoy it.
31. The passage may come from a ________.
A. TV programme B. fashion magazine C. radio programme D. local newspaper
32. People can go to see travel films about some countries except ________.
A. Russia B. France C. Italy D. Japan
33. Wendy and her sister want to attend the lecture. They need to pay ________ for the tickets.
A. ￥10 B. ￥25 C. ￥50 D. ￥100
B
One night, four naughty (顽皮的) boy students stayed out of school having a late party at a night club and having a great time. They were partying so happily that they forgot they were going to take an exam the next day.
The next morning, they got up too late to take their exam. In order not to be punished, they thought of a plan which they believed was perfect. They made their clothes dirty and went to the teacher’s office.
“Mr Johnson, we went to a friend’s house last night in another town. On the way back, our car got a flat tire (轮胎没气), so we had to push the car all the way back to school. That’s why we didn’t make it for the exam.”
The teacher listened to their story, and told them in a kind voice, “It doesn’t matter. I am going to give you another chance to take the exam three days later.” The four students thanked him and left happily.
The exam day arrived in the end. The teacher asked them, “I am going to put each one of you in a different room for the exam. Are you OK with that ”
“OK”, the students were fine with that because they had all studied hard, then they got the test paper. It had only two questions.
Exam paper (100 points)
①Your name: _______(1 point)
②Which tire burst _________ (99 points)
A. Front left. B. Back left. C. Front right. D. Back right
34. The students didn’t take the exam because ________.
A. their car had a flat tire B. they stayed up too late that night
C. the teacher didn’t let them take D. their clothes were too dirty
35. What did the teacher do after listening to their story
A. He believed them really.
B. He didn’t say anything about it.
C. He used a different way to tell if they were lying.
D. He was very angry.
36. According to the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. the teacher believed what the students said
B. the students were very clever
C. the students told a terrible lie
D. the students didn’t tell a lie
37. What do you think of the teacher
A. Clever. B. Stupid. C. Hard working. D. Unhealthy.
C
Gui Haichao is a university teacher. He dreamed of flying to space. And that dream has now come true. How did he build his dream
Gui was born in a family in southwest China’s Yunnan Province. He was crazy about science when he was young. At the age of 17, he learned about the news of Yang Liwei’s spaceflight and wanted to be like Yang in the future. He never stopped dreaming about going to space ever since.In 2005, he went to Beihang University. After nine years of study, he got a doctorate (博士学位).Then he went to Canada to study. He returned in 2017 and began to teach at Beihang University.
In 2018, Gui started training (训练) for flying to space. At first, it was hard for him. But he didn’t give up. He did more exercise, asked for help and used different ways. Finally, his dream came true.
For his students, Gui is a wonderful teacher. He always tries his best to help them. Although he:is busy, he still reads their papers carefully. A student said, “During his training, he still read my articles. I knew he was very busy. Sometimes, during dinner time, he called me to give advice.”
38. According to paragraph 2, Gui Haichao ________.
A. was born in northwest China B. went to Beihang University in 2005
C. once went to the USA to study D. became a teacher at a university in 2015
39. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3
A. Practising going to space. B. Learning about science.
C. Studying at the same school. D. Teaching at a university.
40. From the words of Gui’s student, Gui Haichao is ________.
A. generous B. polite C. helpful D. brave
41. What is the best title for the passage
A. How to be a good teacher B. How to fly to space
C. How to do more exercises D. How to build the dream
D
Do you have true friends Do you want to know better between you and your friends There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”.
The first kind of friend is simply acquaintances (熟人), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”.
The second kind of friend could also be called “guest friends”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories; you usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (害怕), and they don’t open up to you how they really feel.
The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong, and though they may not be perfect, they at least will always care about you, and hardly ever do anything bad to hurt you.
We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances.
42. If you and David are neighbors and classmates, and do things together, but don’t share your feelings, you are “________”.
A. pest friends B. guest friends C. best friends D. not friends
43. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A. how to make a best friend B. how to learn from your best friends
C. what a “best friend” is D. what a best friend can do for you
44. From the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. pest friends are important than guest friends B. we miss our pest friends when we’re not with them
C. a best friend hardly ever does something bad to you D. a “pest friend” will never become your best friend
45. Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage
A. B.
C. D.
一、单项选择
1. 【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你觉得上周末参观的自然保护区怎么样？——太棒了。它是野生动物的理想家园。
考查冠词。the表特指；a表泛指（后接以辅音音素开头的单词）；an表泛指（后接以元音音素开头的单词）。根据“you visited last weekend”可知，第一空表特指，用“the”；根据“It is ... ideal home for wildlife.”可知，第二空表泛指，“ideal”是以元音音素开头的单词，用“an”。故选B。
2. 【答案】C
【详解】句意：——眼见未必为实。如果我们不了解整个故事，我们就不应该评判任何人或事。——我完全同意。设身处地，然后我们才能真正地理解它们。
考查动词辨析。would会；need需要；should应该；may可能。根据“if we don’t know the full story”可知，如果我们不了解整个故事，我们就不应该评判任何人或事，应用should表示建议。故选C。
3. 【答案】B
【详解】句意：——詹姆斯，你为什么很着急？——为了赶上早班车去市中心。
考查非谓语动词。catch赶上，根据“Why are you in a hurry”可知，此处回答目的，因此用动词不定式，故选B。
4. 【答案】B
【详解】句意：——与其一直做作业，不如出去享受阳光怎么样？——好的。我马上就来。
考查短语。Because of因为；Instead of而不是；As if好像；Not only非但。根据“doing your homework all the time, what about going out to enjoy the sunshine ”可知，此处指用“出去享受阳光代替写作业”，Instead of表示“代替，而不是”。故选B。
5. 【答案】B
【详解】句意：你最好不要买和我的一样的礼物，否则他会得到两个铅笔盒。
考查介词短语。a different一个不同的；from从；the same相同的；as如同。结合“he will get two pencil boxes.”可知，这里是不要买和我的一样的礼物，所以要填介词短语“the same...as...和……一样的”。故选B。
6. 【答案】C
【详解】句意：——为什么会有一个大肿块在你腿上？——哦，我冲进厨房，撞倒了一个大垃圾箱。
考查短语辨析。knock off击倒，停工，中断；knock up爆炸，敲门唤醒；knock over撞倒，弄倒；knock at敲击。根据“rushed into the kitchen”和“a big litter box.”可知，我冲进厨房撞到了垃圾箱。故选C。
7. 【答案】B
【详解】句意：——瘦西湖之旅的费用是多少？——哦，有点贵。100多元。
考查特殊疑问句和形容词辨析。What什么；How much多少钱；high高的；expensive昂贵的。根据后文“More than 100 yuan.”可知，第一空应该填入What引导特殊疑问句，提问价格，第二空应该填入形容词high，意为“高昂的”，对cost修饰。符合语境。故选B。
8.【答案】A
【详解】句意：——他非常喜欢踢足球。他每天能花多长时间？——我认为他最好每天最多花一个小时。毕竟，还有其他一些重要的事情要做。
考查短语。at most最多；at least至少；at first起初；at last最后。根据“After all, there are some other important things to do.”可知，此处是说“最多”花一个小时。故选A。
9. 【答案】A
【详解】句意：—— 到昆明的机票多少钱？ —— 单程票800元，你可以再付300元买往返票。
考查动词辨析。cost花费，主语是物；pay支付，付款；spend花费。根据“A one-way ticket”可知，第一空以物为主语，需要用cost；第二空根据“for a round-trip”可知，pay for是固定搭配，表示“为……付款”。故选A。
10. 【答案】C
【详解】句意：——他为什么一直洗手？——据说他只是想保持它们干净。
考查动词和代词。themselves它们自己；it它；them它们；itself它自己。第一空，keep on doing sth“一直做”；第二空keep sth clean“保持某物干净”，形容词作宾补，结合“hands”可知需用“them”指代，故选C。
11. 【答案】B
【详解】句意：艾迪八岁了，但我们只见到七支蜡烛。所以我们需要再多一支蜡烛。
考查代词和名词短语。only仅仅；another另一个；more更多。“eight years old”是用作表语的常见表达，指艾迪的岁数，而“another one”表示在已有数量基础上再多一个，故选B。
12. 【答案】D
【详解】句意：当神舟17号抵达空间站时，中国的6名宇航员开心地互相问候。
考查副词辨析和动词短语。excitedly兴奋地；slowly缓慢地；sadly悲哀地；happily开心地；arrive到达，不及物动词，后应接介词才能加宾语；reach for伸手去拿；got to到达；arrived at到达。根据“The six astronauts (宇航员) from China greeted each other … when Shen Zhou XVII … the space station.”可知，神舟17号抵达空间站时宇航员应是高兴地互相问候，因此排除B、C项；第二个空表示到达空间站，A项arrive表述错误。故选D。
13. 【答案】C
【详解】句意：我觉得Daniel的画比班里其他男孩的画好。
考查名词和代词。any other其他的，后接名词单数；the other另一个（两者之间）；any任何。分析句子可知，此处Daniel和班上的男孩子属于同一范围，“形容词比较级+than+any other+名词单数/any of the other+复数名词”表示“比同一范围的任何一个人都……”。故选C。
14. 【答案】D
【详解】句意：现在他和他的朋友，还有他的父母玩水上运动玩得很开心。
考查时态和动名词。Not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”，遵循“就近原则”，即主语为he，是第三人称单数，再结合“now”可知，时态是现在进行时，所以第一空要用is having。结合have a great time doing sth“做某事很开心”可知，第二空要用动名词。故选D。
15. 【答案】C
【详解】句意：——所以你的意思是你不喜欢这些天流行的这部电影？——不完全是。我喜欢里面的演员，但我不喜欢情节。
考查情景交际。Certainly not当然不；Of course当然；Not exactly不全是；Good idea好主意。根据“I like the actors in it, but I don’t like the plots”可知，此处是指并不完全是不喜欢这部电影，C选项符合语境。故选C。
二、完形填空
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了一只叫奇卡的猴子寻找可以拥有优美嗓音的石头未果，在返程中帮助小动物，回家后被奉为英雄，让他懂得了勇敢和乐于助人与拥有优美的嗓音同样重要的故事。
【16题详解】
句意：科拉有一副优美的嗓音。
name名字；voice嗓音；tail尾巴；head头。根据“Animals from near and far like to come to listen to Kola sing.”可知，此处形容嗓音优美。故选B。
17题详解】
句意：有一天，科拉在森林里发现了一块闪闪发光的石头。
river江；hill小山；forest森林；village村庄。根据“After hearing about Kola’s story, he secretly … Kola into the forest.”可知，科拉在森林里发现了石头。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：他高兴得赶紧回来和别人分享这个消息。
happy高兴的；hungry饥饿的；sad伤心的；kind友好的。根据“he hurried back to share the news with others”可知，发现了发光的石头，内心是高兴的。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：奇卡也想要一个优美的歌声。
had有；found发现；heard听见；wanted想要。根据“he secretly … he found a stone that was like Kola’s.”可知，奇卡也想要优美的歌声。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：听说科拉的故事后，他偷偷地跟着科拉进了森林。
caught抓住；followed跟着；put放；took拿。根据“he secretly … Kola into the forest”可知，是偷偷地跟着科拉进了森林。故选B。
【21题详解】
句意：他找了很久，直到找到了一块像科拉那样的石头。
if如果；after在……之后；because因为；until直到。根据“he found a stone that was like Kola’s”可知，一直找，直到找到了一块像科拉那样的石头。故选D。
【22题详解】
句意：他兴奋地捡起它，希望声音能很好听，但什么也没发生。
them他们；him他；it它；her她。此处用it代指上文找到的像科拉那样的石头。故选C。
【23题详解】
句意：他兴奋地捡起它，希望声音能很好听，但什么也没发生。
nothing没有什么；anything任何事情；everything所有事情；something一些事情。根据“but”可知，什么也没发生。故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：他感到有点难过，决定回家。
but但是；and和；or或者；so所以。“感到有点难过”和“决定回家”是顺承关系，用and连接。故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：当奇卡到达一座桥时，他看到一只鸟被下面的网困住了。
wall墙；tree树；bridge桥；gate门。根据“Chika jumped down from the bridge”可知，是到达一座桥时。故选C。
【26题详解】
句意：奇卡从桥上跳下来，把鸟救了出来。
saw看见；helped帮助；bit咬；waited等待。根据“The bird thanked him a lot.”可知，奇卡帮助鸟，把鸟救了出来。故选B。
【27题详解】
句意：他快速爬上最近的树，分散了老虎的注意力。
quickly快速地；happily快乐地；finally最终；early早地。根据“climbed the nearest tree”可知，是快速爬上最近的树。故选A。
【28题详解】
句意：小动物们终于跑掉了。
looked out小心；turned around转身；woke up醒来；ran away跑走。根据“distracted (分散……的注意力) the tiger”可知，小动物们跑掉了。故选D。
【29题详解】
句意：当奇卡回到村子时，他已经成为了当地的英雄。
monkey猴子；hero英雄；volunteer志愿者；doctor医生。根据“Everyone in the village was amazed by his bravery.”可知，奇卡成为了当地的英雄。故选B。
【30题详解】
句意：他意识到，勇敢和乐于助人与拥有优美的嗓音同样重要。
generous慷慨的；friendly友好的；brave勇敢的；careful小心的。根据“Everyone in the village was amazed by his bravery.”可知，奇卡意识到勇敢和乐于助人与拥有优美的嗓音同样重要。故选C。
三、阅读理解
A
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. C
【导语】本文是一则广播，介绍了该市本周的电影，讲座，演出活动。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章开头“Hi, listeners!”和结尾“Now, let’s enjoy some beautiful English songs”可知，本文应该是一段广播。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Do you want to travel Come to see travel films about Japan, Italy, America, England, Russia and Korea…”可知，旅行影片内容包括日本、意大利、美国、英国、俄罗斯和韩国，没有法国。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Each ticket is ￥25.”可知，两张票的价格是50元。故选C。
B
【答案】34. B 35. C 36. C 37. A
【导语】本文主要讲述四个淘气的小男孩为了逃避考试，和老师撒谎说从朋友家回来时车爆胎了，老师给了他们再一次考试的机会。几天后，聪明的老师给他们出了两道题，一道是填写自己的名字，另一道是哪个轮子爆胎了。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“One night, four naughty (顽皮的) boy students stayed out of school having a late party at a night club and having a great time. They were partying so happily that they forgot they were going to take an exam the next day”可知，他们前一天晚上熬夜玩得太晚了，以至于忘记了第二天要参加考试，故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“It doesn’t matter. I am going to give you another chance to take the exam three days later”以及后文的内容可知，老师听了他们的故事并给他们重新考试的机会，而考试只是证明他们是否撒谎，故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“In order not to be punished, they thought of a plan which they believed was perfect.”可知，他们为了不被惩罚，所以想出了一个完美的计划，所以可以推断出他们向老师撒谎，故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后老师给他们出的试题可知，老师是一个聪明的人。故选A。
C
【答案】38. B 39. A 40. C 41. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了桂海超如何一步步实现自己的太空飞行梦想。从年轻时的科学梦想，到通过不懈努力获得博士学位，再到最终成为航天员并接受太空飞行训练，桂海超的故事充满了坚持与奋斗。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 2005, he went to Beihang University.”可知，桂海超在2005年去了北京航空航天大学。故选B。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“In 2018, Gui started training for flying to space. At first, it was hard for him.”可知，这里的“it”指的是前面提到的“为太空飞行而进行的训练”。故选A。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段学生的话“During his training, he still read my articles. I knew he was very busy. Sometimes, during dinner time, he called me to give advice.”可知，桂海超在训练期间仍然关注学生的论文，甚至在吃饭时间也会打电话给学生提供建议，这表现出他对学生非常有帮助。故选C。
【41题详解】
最佳标题题。根据第一段中“How did he build his dream ”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述了桂海超如何通过自己的努力和坚持，一步步实现自己的太空飞行梦想。因此，D选项“如何构建梦想”符合，故选D。
D
【答案】42. B 43. C 44. C 45. B
【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同的朋友的特点。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据“but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (害怕), and they don’t open up to you how they really feel.”可知，对于guest friends我们不会分享我们内心的感受。故选B。
【43题详解】
段落大意题。根据“The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest.”可知，本段主要介绍了什么是最好的朋友。故选C。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据“they at least will always care about you, and hardly ever do anything bad to hurt you.”可知，最好的朋友几乎不会对你做一些不好的事情。故选C。
【45题详解】
文章结构题。根据“There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”.”首先引出主题：不同的三种朋友；第二、三和四段分别对三种朋友的特点进行了论述，最后一段进行总结，可知本文属于总分总结构。故选B。

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