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(共42张PPT)
词类转换
高 三 英 语二轮复习
语 法 复 习 专 题
课标词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用中文注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。从近五年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换主要考查了以下6点：
1 一般直 接加ly polite→ ________；rude→________； wide→_______； immediate→____________；
fair→______； certain→________； careful→________； final→_______；
quick→________； high→_______； official→________； regular→_________；
actual→________； slow→______； sudden→_________； real→______
1. 形容词→副词 (高频考点)
politely
rudely
widely
immediately
fairly
certainly
carefully
finally
quickly
highly
officially
regularly
actually
slowly
suddenly
really
2 辅音字母 + y → ily easy→______; angry→_______; happy→________; heavy→_______;
steady→ _______；busy→ ______; lucky→_______; healthy→_________;
但shy→______
easily
angrily
happily
heavily
busily
shyly
luckily
steadily
healthily
3 以-le结尾, 去e加y possible→_________；
probable→_________；
terrible→_________；
noble→______; comfortable→____________;
reliable→________；gentle→_______;
ample→_______; simple→_______
possibly
probably
terribly
nobly
comfortably
reliably
gently
amply
simply
4 (个别)去e加ly true→ _____；due→ ____________
whole→_______
5 以-ic结尾加ally basic→________; classic→__________; magic→__________; optimistic→_____________;
scientific →____________; energetic→____________;
但public →________
6 以-ll结尾加y full→______________ ；dull→______________
basically
classically
magically
optimistically
scientifically
publicly
wholly
truly
duly (按时地)
energetically
fully (完全地)
dully (迟钝地)
1 +al/去 e, +al music→ ________; origin→________; person→_________; nation→________;
tradition→ ___________; centre→_______;
practice→_________; globe→ _______;
2 -ture→ -tural nature→ ________; culture→________; agriculture→____________; architecture→____________
architectural
personal
national
central
practical
cultural
agricultural
traditional
global
original
2.名词与形容词的转换
musical
natural
3 -ics→ -ical politics→ ________; physics→_________; mathematics→______________;
statistics →__________
4 +ern east→ ________; west→_________; south→_________; north→_________; southwest→_____________
physical
mathematical
statistical
western
southwestern
northern
southern
political
eastern
5 +ible access→ __________; 注意 horror→_________;
terror→_________
6 +ful success→ _________; care→________;
power→__________; peace→_________;
fruit→ ________; 注意mercy→_________;
beauty→__________
horrible
terrible
merciful
peaceful
beautiful
powerful
careful
fruitful
accessible
successful
7 +ish fool→ _______; self→_______;
child→________; fever→ ________
8 +ous danger→ __________; humor→__________
注意 anxiety→________; ambition→__________; curiosity→________;
selfish
childish
anxious
ambitious
curious
humorous
feverish
foolish
dangerous
9 -ance→ -ant importance→ __________; significance→___________;
distance →_______ ;
10 -ence→ -ent absence→ ________; silence→______; difference→_________;
convenience→___________
patience→ ________; violence→ _______
significant
distant
silent
different
convenient
patient
violent
important
absent
11 -ency→ -ent fluency→ _______; efficiency→________; emergency→_________; urgency→_______
12 +ly friend→ _________; time→ _______;
man→ _______; mother→ _________； month→_________; 注意 day→ ______
efficient
emergent
urgent
daily
timely
manly
motherly
monthly
fluent
friendly
13 -ble→ -bility able→ _______;
responsible→_____________;
possible→__________; flexible→________
14 +y; 去e，+y;双写，+y health→ ________; sleep→______; difficult→_________; greed→_______; wealth→________; noise→______; ice→____; sun→_______; fog→______;
responsibility
possibility
flexibility
sleepy
difficulty
noisy
sunny
wealthy
foggy
icy
greedy
ability
healthy
15 adj. + ness → n. weak→ __________; kind→__________;
ill→_______; sad→_________;
注意 happy→___________
16 adj. +th →n. warm→_________;
注意 strong→ ________; long→_______; wide→_______; deep→_______; true→______
kindness
sadness
happiness
length
width
warmth
truth
illness
depth
weakness
strength
17 -ate→ -acy accurate→_________; private→________;
adequate→_________
18 其他 free→ _________; wise→________;
cruel→_______; safe→______; tire→________;
trouble→____________; history→___________; science→_________; brave→________; short→_________
privacy
adequacy
troublesome
cruelty
safety
tiresome
historic(al)
scientific
bravery
shortage
wisdom
accuracy
freedom
1 +ation expect→ ___________; present→_____________;
注意 explain→_____________
2 去e，+ation invite→ _________;
examine→_____________; prepare→_____________;
注意 pronounce→_____________
presentation
explanation
examination
preparation
pronunciation
3. 动词→名词
expectation
invitation
3 去e，+ tion produce→ ___________;
introduce→ _____________；
注意 describe→ ___________
4 去e，+ion devote→ _________;
pollute→ _________;
contribute→ ____________;
revise→ ________
educate → __________；
introduction
description
pollution
contribution
revision
education
production
devotion
5 +ion act→ _______; attract→__________; protect→__________; suggest→__________；
注意 intend→__________
discuss → __________; express→__________; possess→__________;
impress →__________
attraction
protection
suggestion
intention
expression
possession
impression
action
discussion
6 去t/d/de，+ (s)sion admit→ __________; permit→__________; extend→_________;
conclude→__________; divide→________
7 +ance；去e，+ance appear→ ___________; perform→____________; acquaint→_____________; guide→__________
permission
extension
conclusion
division
performance
acquaintance
guidance
admission
appearance
8 +ence exist→ _________; prefer→__________; refer→_________; differ→__________; depend→____________;
注意 occur→ ___________
9 +ment achieve→ ____________;
agree→ __________; announce→______________; develop→____________; encourage→_______________;
注意 argue→__________
encouragement
development
agreement
dependence
difference
reference
preference
announcement
occurrence
argument
existence
achievement
10 去e，+al arrive→ ________;
approve→ __________;
survive→ _________;
refuse→ ________
11 +ure/tre fail→ _______; press→_________;
depart→ __________;
mix→ ________
approval
survival
refusal
pressure
departure
mixture
arrival
failure
12 +y recover→ ________; discover→_________
13 其他 choose→ _______;
vary→_______; tend→_________; advise→_______; apologize→________; classify→_____________; grow→_______
weigh→ _______; complain→__________
discovery
variety
classification
advice
apology
growth
tendency
recovery
choice
complaint
weight
1 后缀-en strength→ strengthen ______；
length→ lengthen _____ ；
height→ heighten _____
soft→ soften _____ ；weak→ weaken _____ ；
wide→ widen _____ ；less→ lessen _____
short→ shorten ________；
broad→ broaden _______；
quick→ quicken ______
4. 名词/形容词→动词
加快
加强
延长
提高
软化
削弱
加宽
减少
使变短
使变宽
2 前缀en- able→ enable _______；
large→ enlarge ______ ；
rich→ enrich _______
courage→ encourage _____ ；
danger→ endanger _____ ；
compass→ encompass ______
包围
使能够
扩大
使富有
鼓励
危及
1 +er/r sing→ _______; teach→________; strange→________; village→________;
employ→__________(雇主)；
interview→ ___________(采访者；面试官)
2 +or act→ _______; invent→ _________; educate→_________; visit→_______; conduct→__________
teacher
stranger
villager
employer
inventor
educator
visitor
conductor
5. 动词/名词→表示人的名词
interviewer
singer
actor
3 +ee employ→ _________(雇员);
interview→ ___________(被采访者；参加
面试者);
pay→_______; absent→_________
4 +(r)ess act→ _______; wait→________; host→________; steward→___________;
注意 god→________
interviewee
payee
absentee
waitress
hostess
stewardess
goddess
employee
actress
5 +ese Japan→ _________; Vietnam→___________
注意 China→ ________;
Burma(缅甸)→_________;
6 +n Asia→ ______; America→__________; Australia→___________; India→_______; Korea→________
Japanese
Burmese
Vietnamese
American
Australian
Indian
Korean
Chinese
Asian
7 (去y或s) +ian music→ _________; history→_________; library→_________; physics→_________; politics→__________
8 +ist art→ ______;
novel→ ________; tour→_______;
注意cycle→_______; science→_________
historian
librarian
physician
politician
novelist
tourist
cyclist
scientist
musician
artist
9 +ant assist→ ________; account→ ___________;
consult→ ____________;
注意apply→ _________; serve→ _______
10 +ar lie→ _____; beg→_______(注意拼写)
beggar
accountant
consultant
applicant
servant
assistant
liar
6. 动词与形容词的转换
1 +able suit→ _________; comfort→____________; reason→___________;
注意admire→___________; rely→________;
2 +ful doubt→ _________; harm→_________; hope→________; care→________; use→_______;
help→________
admirable
reliable
comfortable
reasonable
harmful
hopeful
careful
useful
helpful
suitable
doubtful
3 +ive act→ _______; attract→_________; impress→___________; create→________
4 +ary imagine→ __________
imaginary
attractive
impressive
creative
active
5 adj.+en/n →v. deep→ _______; wide→ _______;
less→______; worse→________;
dark→_______; sharp→ ________
6 en+adj. →v. large→ ________; rich→_______;
able→_______; noble→________;
widen
lessen
worsen
enrich
enable
ennoble
darken
deepen
sharpen
enlarge
1 dis- advantage→ ____________;
agree→ _________;
appear→__________;
disagree
disappear
7. 表示否定的前缀与后缀
disadvantage
2 il/im/ in- legal→ _______;
polite→ _________; patient→__________; convenient→____________
3 mis- understand→ ______________; lead→________; direct→__________; trust→_________
impolite
impatient
inconvenient
mislead
misdirect
mistrust
illegal
misunderstand
4 un- able→ _______; fair→______; fit →______;
fortunate→___________; usual→________
5 +less hope→ ________; end→________;
stain→________; taste→_________;
use→_______; help→_________; power→_________
unfair
unfit
unfortunate
unusual
endless
stainless
tasteless
useless
helpless
powerless
unable
hopeless
1. “No, sir. You must also start preparing for the winter if you want to have enough to eat,” the ant said ___________ (serious).
2. Brazilian officials__________ (sincere) hope hosting the games will improve life in Brazil.
3. It must take place in a _____________ (care) controlled environment, under the guidance of your doctor.
4. However, before I got on the bike, I felt _________ (extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off …
5. You can imagine how ________ (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes fixed upon me.
seriously
carefully
sincerely
extremely
terribly
6. ___________ ( obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.
7. If you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this will set a ________ (health) rhythm in your life.
8. My classmates attended _________ (vary) events such as running, high jump and long jump.
9. I couldn’t imagine what it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the ___________ (power) effect the hurricane had on those people.
10. We can start the habit by writing summaries and remember to record something ___________ (impress) and meaningful.
Obviously
healthy
various
powerful
impressive
11. I heard that listening to classical music is ________ (help) in reducing stress.
12. Some think it is _____________ (convenience) to get in touch with others with the cell-phone…
13. There’s clear ___________ (evident) that people who listen to lively music are lively people.
14. … more and more students would drop out of school if their personal _______ (safe) could not be guaranteed.
15. The best speed _________(eat) train their stomachs to expand.
16. I had no _______ (choose) but to prepare for it, though.
helpful
convenient
evidence
safety
eaters
choice
17. Nevertheless, apologies might be an important social tool as they reaffirm (重新确认) the __________ (exist) of rules that need to be observed.
18. The students use a video game controller to direct its ____________ (move) in the tank.
19. A farmer once organized a ____________ (compete) between his dog and his rabbit.
20. Actually with my ______________ (confident) building up, I now turn out to be a great speaker.
21. I went off in search of him in hopes that I could _________(unite) him with his owners.
existence
movements
competition
confidence
reunite
22. Actually, I _________(agree) with you over this matter. I have my own view.
23. I am sorry I ______________ (understand) what you said.
24. It was important for you to _______ (write) the essay to polish it according to the editor’s suggestion.
25. You will be fined if you smoke in public in Hong Kong because it is ________(legal) to do so.
26. In most countries, it is ________ (polite) to ask about other people’s income.
27. She was taken to hospital suffering from an __________ (regular) heartbeat.
disagree
misunderstood
rewrite
illegal
impolite
irregular
28. She is not easy to get along with. I find her very cool and ____________(friendly).
29. If you are __________ (willing) to go, don’t hesitate to say no.
30. Many cities in China now have direct or __________ (stop) flights to Beijing.
31. We must _________ (large) our views by reading.
32. The audience warmly clapped to welcome the world-famous __________ (violin), one of the best in the world.
33. The boss of the company is a woman, and most of her ____________ (employ) are also women.
34. He has a strong desire to become a __________ (music), so he works hard.
unfriendly
unwilling
non-stop
enlarge
violinist
employees
musician
35. People in China don’t like hugging each other when meeting, which is a common practice in some ___________ (Europe) countries.
36. As the wages were low, there were few ____________ (apply) for the job.
37. We are ready to face any __________ (hard).
38. Just as the old saying goes, _________ (honest) is the best policy.
39. They show great _________ (anxious) about their retirement allowance.
40. I don’t think you are telling me the whole ______ (true) about what happened.
41. With knowledge and _________ (wise), the old man is respected and loved by the people.
European
applicants
hardship
honesty
anxiety
truth
wisdom
42. The program will be of _______________ (significant) in the process.
43. He was awarded for his _________ (brave) in the battle.
44. Her perfect _______________ (pronounce) attracted everyone present.
45. They charged for ____________ (admit) so we can’t enter without ____________ (permit).
46. Everyone likes to work in pleasant _______________ (surround).
47. Success is not final and ________ (fail) is not fatal. It is the courage to continue that counts.
significance
bravery
pronunciation
admission
permission
surroundings
failure
48. He celebrated the _______ (arrive) of the New Year with a party for his friends.
49. In a good __________ (marry), both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.
50. Can you tell me what the real reason for your _________ (absent) was
arrival
marriage
absence

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