资源简介

(共29张PPT)
2025年全国I卷七选五
目录
CONTENTS
命题立意
Propositional Intention
解题方法和步骤
Solutions and Procedures
文本分析
Analysis of Material
教后反思和改进
Reflection and Improvement
01
02
03
05
预测难点
Prediction Difficulties
04
《高考评价体系》解读
一核
（为什么考）
立德树人 服务选拔 导向教学
四层
(考什么）
四翼
(考什么）
必备知识 关键能力 学科素养 核心价值
基础性 综合性 应用性 创新性
2025高考英语全国一卷显著特点：
落实立德树人，强化高考育人导向；注重考查基础，促进思维品质发展。
《课标》解读
学习能力
能整理、归纳所学内容把握重点和难点;能主动反思并根据问题查找原因并加以解决;能掌握七选五阅读的做题策略，应用到之后的学习中。
文化意识
能够感知校园平凡人物用心服务学生、用微笑感染身边人的故事，形成正确的价值观和积极向上的情感态度。
语言能力
能分析和梳理语篇的基本结构特征，能够用简单的连接词建立语义联系，能够理解句子之间、段落之间的关系。
思维品质
能辨识信息之间的相关性，把握语篇的整体意义;能辨识语篇中的衔接手段，判断句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系，能根据上下文进行推断。
核心素养
题型解读
考查重点: 考查考生对文章的整体内容,结构以及上下文衔接和叙事逻辑的理解和掌握。
选项特点:
主旨概括句 (文章整体内容)
过渡句(文章结构)
注释句(上下文逻辑意义)
An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. _____36_____ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. _____37_____ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. _____38_____ “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. _____39_____ “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. _____40_____ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.B. She has two children aged eight and four.C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
原题呈现
题源
原文来自印第安纳大学学生报纸《Indiana Daily Student》（https://www./）2016 年 10 月 24 日刊登的一篇关于咖啡店员工Catherine Murphy的报道。
该文章以学院咖啡馆为切入点，讲述了员工Catherine Murphy用心服务学生、用微笑感染身边人的故事，文本难度契合高考英语对考生阅读能力的考查标准，因此被选用为高考阅读七选五的素材，用于考查考生的上下文衔接与逻辑梳理能力 。
1.贴合学生认知与生活场景
围绕 “校园咖啡馆”，与学生日常校园生活（课间休息、晨间提神）高度相关，既能降低学生对陌生话题的理解障碍，又能引导学生关注身边平凡人的温暖，符合 “立德树人” 的教育目标。
2.符合七选五的考查本质
考察的核心是 “测试语篇层面的语言运用能力”，而非单纯考查语法或词汇记忆。该试题通过设置 “动作衔接（制作饮品→喊名字→递饮品）”“情感衔接（喜欢工作→早到服务→微笑感染他人）” 等空格，倒逼学生跳出 “逐句翻译” 的误区，学会从语篇整体角度思考。
3.革新七选五的体裁
记叙文时隔多年再次出现，打破先前说明文为主，议论文为辅局面，对学生而言难度降低。同时，巧妙摆脱七选五千篇一律的语篇模式（先总后分），采用了总分总结构。
4.匹配学生能力发展需求记叙文是最能考查 “细节观察与情感共鸣” 的体裁。通过考查 “人物行为背后的动机（如 Catherine 早起的原因）”“他人评价对主题的支撑作用（如 Joanna 的话突出 Catherine 的微笑感染力）”，既能培养学生的文本细读能力，又能引导学生学会通过细节感受人物品质，提升人文素养。
命题思路分析
语篇分析
What
语篇分析
本篇七选五为记叙文。主题语境为“人与社会” “校园平凡人物”主体群。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员Catherine Murphy用真诚的服务和热情的微笑为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
How
文章结构为总 — 分 — 总。通过 “场景引入 — 人物刻画 — 细节支撑 — 主题升华” 的脉络展开，逻辑清晰、层次分明。
Why
核心价值在于通过刻画校园咖啡馆员工Catherine Murphy的平凡坚守与温暖付出，传递了贴合学生成长与社会价值导向的核心内涵，既具备人文关怀的温度，又契合 “立德树人” 的教育目标。
结构层级 对应段落 核心功能 关键内容
总起段 Para1 引入场景 + 点明核心主题 以设问引发读者兴趣（课间休息、晨间提神需求），引出 “校园咖啡馆”，通过 “Not only...but also...” 点明核心 —— 咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，更传递微笑，为下文人物刻画铺垫。
分述段 Para2-4 刻画人物 + 细节支撑 从 “工作日常”“工作态度”“他人反馈” 三个维度展开，通过具体动作、语言、事例塑造人物形象，印证 “无名英雄” 的主题。
总结段 Para5 升华主题 + 表达坚守 以人物自述收尾，强调对工作的热爱与长期坚守，呼应 “Unsung Hero” 的核心，让人物形象更完整、主题更鲜明。
文本结构
词汇考察：
重难点词汇
unsung adj. 未被颂扬的 ，被埋没的
pick-me-up n. 提神物品
grab v.抓住，拿到
line n. 队伍
genuine adj. 真诚的
political science n.政治学
major n./v. 某专业的学生
重难点词块：
back and forth 反复来回
get in the way of 妨碍
on time 准时，按时
have a huge smile on one’s face 笑容满面
in a cheerful mood 心情愉悦
have every intention of doing sth 一心想做某事
call out 大声呼叫，呼唤
serve up 提供
start sth. off使某事开始
句法考察：
句子逻辑衔接：
考查并列句（如选项 E 的 “Not only...but also...” 结构）
时间状语从句（如选项 D 的 “After finishing...”）
因果关系句（如选项 F 与后文 “puts me in a cheerful mood” 的因果关联）的衔接逻辑；
篇章结构考察：
理解记叙文 “引入场景 — 描述人物行为 — 补充背景 — 引用他人评价 — 人物自我表达” 的叙事脉络，确保选项符合篇章发展顺序。
语言知识考察
语言能力考察
考察能力 能力体现
语境理解能力
逻辑推理能力
信息整合能力
通过上下文细节（如 Catherine 的工作流程、早起上班的细节、Joanna 的评价）推断空格处的内容，而非纯粹依赖翻译；
如38题通过前文 “4:45 起床、开车 30 分钟准时上班”，推断选项 C “早到为学生服务” 是主人公工作动机的合理性
整合 “人物行为（制作饮品、微笑交流）— 背景信息（母亲身份、17 年工作经历）— 他人反馈（Joanna 的喜爱）” 等信息，判断选项是否与全文主题 “平凡英雄的温暖” 一致。
段落 核心内容 选项需匹配的主题
1 咖啡馆的价值（饮品 + 微笑） 咖啡馆的额外价值
2 Catherine 的工作流程 制作饮品后的动作
3 Catherine 的工作态度 早起上班的动机
4 Joanna 对 Catherine 的评价 Joanna 去咖啡馆的原因
5 Catherine 对工作的坚守 长期工作与留任意愿
Step1 阅览全文，获取主要内容和文章结构
梳理文本脉络，明确每段核心内容，再根据段落主题匹配选项主题
Step2: 分析选项特征做好标记
关键词： 连词、代词、动词、名词等标志句式特征的词
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can‘t imagine working anywhere else.
表述咖啡馆营业时间，可用于Catherine Murphy工作内容部分
描述Catherine Murphy的工作日常，为其早起工作动力
介词after，表明工作过程中动作顺序
并列句式：not only...but also适用于开篇或结尾段
代词her推断指代关系，身份应为Catherine Murphy服务的学生
Catherine Murphy前期总结以及未来规划，适用于叙事结尾
介绍Catherine Murphy的家庭背景，貌似与文章主旨无关
Step3：分析选项位置及特点
An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. _____36_____ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. _____37_____ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. _____38_____ “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. _____39_____ “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. _____40_____ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
36题：首段段尾--呼应主题，承接上文，引出下文
38题：段中--承上启下
37题：段中--承上启下，动作衔接
39题：段中--承上启下
40题：尾段段中--承前启后，点明主题
Step4：解题步骤
递进解释、承接上文
E。空格前Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more.需要课间休息一下，还是只是在早上快速提神？学院咖啡馆就有这些，甚至更多。介绍 College Cafe 除提供课间休息的场所和提神的饮品外，还有更多的东西。空白后的下一段开始描述员工 Catherine Murphy 的具体服务细节。由此可知，空白处应承接上文并引出下文，E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮料，还提供微笑。前一句中的more对应选项中的smiles。符合语境，因此应选E。
咖啡馆的价值（饮品 + 微笑）
Step4： 解题过程
D。空格前She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks.她在不同的机器之间来回穿梭，制作饮料。空格后As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ”当顾客从她手中接过饮料时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？” 由此可知，空格处应把“制作饮品”和“顾客接过饮品”这两个动作衔接起来，D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。
动作衔接，叙事逻辑
Catherine 制作饮品后的动作
Step4：解题步骤
C。根据空格前Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 墨菲每天4点45分起床，开车30分钟准时上班。空格后“I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. “我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生们煮咖啡。我知道他们早上需要它，”墨菲说。引用 Murphy 的话解释她这么做的原因。so指代空格处所做的事情。C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.有时她到得很早，为学生们服务。符合语境，因此应选C。
承接上文，下文指代
Catherine 的工作态度：早起上班的动机
Step4：解题步骤
F。空格前Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. Joanna Wright是政治科学专业的大四学生，她喜欢喝咖啡，每周至少有六天去咖啡馆。F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.去咖啡馆为她的一天开了个好头，也为上课做了准备。选项中的her对应前一句中的Joanna Wright， 选项中的gets her ready for class对应a senior political science major，符合语境，因此应选F。
代词指代，他人评价
Joanna 对 Catherine 的评价：Joanna 去咖啡馆的原因
Step4：解题步骤
G。根据空格前的 I enjoy working in the cafe我喜欢在咖啡馆工作，以及空格后的 staying and continuing doing what she loves 可知，Murphy 十分热爱自己目前的工作并且打算一直留在这里。G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.她在这里工作了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。符合语境，因此应选G。
承接上文，点题升华
Catherine 对工作的坚守长期工作与留任意愿
Step5：带入复核
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. _____36_____Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. _____37_____ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. _____38_____ “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. _____39_____ “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. _____40_____ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
E
D
C
F
G
语句通顺，语境流畅
难点 1：忽视上下文逻辑，仅凭语法或词义选择表现：
如 36 题可能误选 A（“The cafe closes at 9 pm”），仅关注 “咖啡馆” 话题，却忽略前文 “has just that, and more” 需引出 “额外价值（微笑）”；
38 题可能误选 B（“two children”），仅看到 “mother” 这一信息，却未衔接 “早起上班为学生服务” 的逻辑。
引导策略：采用 “上下文线索标记法”，让学生在空格前后画出关键词（如 36 题前 “and more”、后 “smiles”；38 题前 “gets up at 4:45”、后 “I like to make coffee for the students”），通过 “关键词匹配” 判断选项是否符合逻辑。
难点2：对记叙文叙事脉络不熟悉，无法把握篇章结构表现：
如 40 题可能误选 F（“Going to the cafe starts her day”），混淆 “Joanna 的经历” 与 “Catherine 的经历”，未意识到 40 题需承接 “Catherine 对工作的热爱” 这一主线；
39 题可能误选 D（“calls out the name”），未区分 “Catherine 的动作” 与 “Joanna 的感受”。
引导策略：先让学生完成文本脉络梳理，明确每段核心内容，再根据段落主题匹配选项主题
预测难点与引导策略
难点 3：对 “情感类细节” 敏感度不足，无法理解人物品质表现：
如 37 题可能误选 G（“17 years”），仅关注 “工作” 话题，却未体会 “calls out the name+smiles+genuine conversations” 体现的 “服务热情”；
39 题可能误选 A（“closes at 9 pm”），未理解 “cheerful mood” 与 “一天好开始” 的情感关联。
引导策略：采用 “人物品质关键词提炼法”，让学生在阅读时标注体现 Catherine 品质的词语（如 “genuine conversations”“like to make coffee”“huge smile”），再判断选项是否与这些品质一致（如 37 题 D 选项 “calls out the name” 是 “服务细致” 的体现，符合品质）。
预测难点与引导策略
1.语篇意识不强，忽略上下文语境。
2.词汇障碍影响原文理解
3.长难句语法分析能力欠缺
4.解题技巧有待强化
班级学情分析
“三步解题法”：
① 通读全文，梳理主题与脉络（标记记叙文六要素、段落主旨）；
② 逐空分析，匹配上下文线索（画出空格前后关键词，排除无关选项）；
③ 代入验证，检查逻辑与主题（将选项代入原文，判断是否符合叙事逻辑与全文主题）；
引导学生建立 “错题本”：要求学生在错题旁标注 “错误原因（如忽视上下文、混淆人物）”“正确线索（如关键词、段落主题）”，定期复习，避免重复犯错。
学法指导
【2020年浙江高考真题】I experienced years of loneliness as a child. ___31___ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___ My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations
she told me how creative my designs were. ___34___ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.___35___My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.A. I wasn't alone any longer.B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.C. I was invited to play with another kid.D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
同体裁练习巩固
翻阅真题题库
选练同体裁加以练习
改编 1：主题变式（校园食堂场景）
Need a hot meal after class or a warm greeting when you’re tired The School Canteen has just that, and more. 36Li Mei, a canteen worker in a white uniform and a red cap, makes sure that each student gets a full plate of food. She moves quickly between the food stalls to serve the dishes. 37 As the student takes the plate from her, she nods and says, “Eat well, dear!” Even when the lunch rush is busy, she doesn’t stop being kind to every student.Li Mei gets up at 5 o’clock every morning and takes two buses to reach the school on time. 38 “I do so because I know students need a warm meal to study hard,” Li Mei said. Being a grandmother of two has made her more patient with young people. She thinks her job is to care for the students.One thing Li Mei may not know is that her kindness makes many students feel at home. Zhang Hao, a Grade 10 student, eats in the canteen every day. 39 “Aunt Li’s smile always makes me feel like I’m eating at home,” Zhang Hao said.“I love working in the canteen,” Li Mei said. 40 She plans to stay here until she retires.A. The canteen opens at 6:30 am every day.B. She has a grandson and a granddaughter.C. Sometimes she brings her own pickles to share with students.D. After putting food on the plate, she calls out the student’s class.E. Not only does this canteen serve meals, it also serves kindness.F. Eating in the canteen makes him feel less lonely when his parents are busy.G. She has worked here for 12 years and never thought about leaving.
改编 2：难度提升变式（词汇替换 + 线索隐蔽）Need a moment to relax between lessons or a quick energy boost in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36Catherine Murphy, a cafe staff member in a green blouse and a black cap, ensures every customer receives exactly what they request. She hurries between equipment to prepare the beverages. 37 As the customer takes the drink from her, she grins and asks, “How’s your day going ” Even during peak hours with a long queue, she maintains her sincere interactions.Murphy rises at 4:45 am and commutes 30 minutes daily to arrive punctually. 38 “I do this because I enjoy preparing coffee for the students—they need it to start their day,” Murphy explained. Her roles as a mother and wife have shaped her caring nature. She sees her work as a way to contribute.What Murphy might not realize is that her smile is infectious and can turn a student’s bad day around. Joanna Wright, a senior majoring in political science, is a regular at the cafe, visiting at least six times a week. 39 “Catherine’s bright smile always lifts my spirits,” Wright noted.“Working at the cafe brings me joy,” Murphy said. 40 She has no intention of leaving and wants to keep doing what she loves.A. The cafe shuts down at 9 pm each day.B. She has two young kids, aged eight and four.C. On some days, she arrives early to start serving sooner.D. Once an order is ready, she announces the name on the cup.E. This cafe offers more than just drinks—it offers warmth too.F. A trip to the cafe gives her a positive start and readies her for class.G. She has been employed here for 17 years and can’t picture working elsewhere.
变式练习巩固
1.加强 “语篇逻辑衔接” 的专项训练学生常因忽视 “句子间的因果、顺承、转折” 关系出错，需增加 “逻辑衔接词填空”“句子排序” 等练习（如让学生判断 “After finishing an order” 后应接 “she calls out the name” 还是 “she cleans the machine”），帮助学生建立 “上下文逻辑关联” 的意识。
2.强化 “记叙文篇章结构” 的教学部分学生对 “记叙文各段落功能（引入、发展、高潮、结尾）” 不清晰，需通过 “篇章结构示意图”“段落主旨概括” 等活动，让学生明确 “每段内容如何服务于主题”（如本文第 4 段通过 Joanna 的评价，侧面烘托 Catherine 的 “温暖”，属于 “发展段的细节支撑”）。
3.增加 “情感类文本” 的阅读指导学生对 “人物行为背后的情感动机” 敏感度不足，需在教学中加入 “人物心理分析” 环节（如让学生讨论 “Catherine 为什么早起 30 分钟上班？”“她的微笑体现了什么品质？”），引导学生从 “行为细节” 挖掘 “情感与主题”，提升文本细读能力。
4.培养 “知识迁移” 能力
学生在解原文试题时可能表现良好，但遇到改编后的 “新场景”（如食堂、图书馆）或 “新词汇”（如 “beverages”“commutes”）时，容易因 “场景陌生”“词汇不熟悉” 出错，说明教学中缺乏 “知识迁移” 的训练，学生未能将 “上下文逻辑分析”“篇章结构梳理” 的方法灵活应用到新文本中。
教学反思
愉
Thank you for your listening !

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