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(共49张PPT)
限时组合练
限时组合练一（阅读理解4篇）
限时：30分钟
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·河南郑州联考）
Four Amazing Travel Destinations
Pendry Natirar
Peapack, N.J.
A 1912 red-brick manor （庄园） located on top of a hill,
Natirar is surrounded by 90 acres of farmland and serves as a luxury
country getaway. Guests can rent e-bikes, feed the chickens and sheep
or help with the seasonal harvest. In the old carriage house, the
restaurant and attached cooking school are a highlight for any home
chef.
Peter Island Resort
British Virgin Islands
In 2017, hurricanes severely damaged Peter Island, causing
widespread destruction and closing family-owned Peter Island Resort
for the next seven years. David Wan Andel, who grew up on the
island, recalls crying upon surveying the damage to the property,
which for more than four decades has employed generations of BVI
families. In December, it finally reopened, complete with an
oceanfront spa.
Niue Blue
Tamakautoga, Niue
On the tiny South Pacific island of Niue, Niue Blue is set to
become one of only three Eco Centers of the Professional Association
of Diving Instructors in the region, thanks in part to the dive shop's
support of Niuean women pursuing careers in marine （海洋的）
conservation. They'll take visitors to dive in one of the world's largest
marine protected areas.
Kumano Nachi Taisha Shrine and Seigantoji Temple
Wakayama, Japan
An hour from crowded Kyoto, the Kumano Kodo hiking routes
are peaceful. The 436-foot Nachi waterfall is home to 48 other
waterfalls and grounds for practitioners of Yamabushi, a form of
mountain worship. The waterfall's Kumano Nachi Taisha Shrine and
Seigantoji Temple reopened in December after a fresh coat of red
paint—the first since its reconstruction in 1972.
1. Which location offers activities related to both farming and cooking
experiences ( )
A
A. Peapack, N.J. B. Wakayama, Japan.
C. Tamakautoga, Niue. D. British Virgin Islands.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Pendry Natirar部分中的“feed the chickens
and sheep or help with the seasonal harvest”“the restaurant and
attached cooking school are a highlight for any home chef”及对应地
点“Peapack, N.J.”可知，位于Peapack, N.J.的Pendry Natirar提供与农业
和烹饪体验相关的活动。故选A。
2. What makes Niue Blue unique in the South Pacific region ( )
D
A. Its complex hiking routes.
B. Its seasonal harvest activities.
C. Its luxury spa beside the ocean.
D. Its practice in marine protection.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Niue Blue部分中的“On the tiny South
Pacific island of Niue, Niue Blue is set to become one of only three
Eco Centers of the Professional Association of Diving Instructors in
the region, thanks in part to the dive shop's support of Niuean women
pursuing careers in marine conservation.（在南太平洋的纽埃小岛上，
Niue Blue将成为该地区仅有的三个专业潜水教练协会的生态中心之一，
这在一定程度上要归功于这家潜水店对从事海洋保护事业的纽埃女性
的支持）”可知，Niue Blue在南太平洋地区的独特之处在于它在海洋保
护方面的实践。故选D。
3. Where is the text most likely to be found ( )
B
A. In a geography textbook. B. In a travel magazine.
C. In an environmental report. D. In a hiking guidebook.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Four Amazing Travel Destinations”
并结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了四个令人惊叹的旅游目的地，
包括它们的位置、特色活动等信息。由此可推知，这篇文章最有可能
出现在旅游杂志上。故选B。
词汇积累
1.getaway（get+away）（合） n.假日休闲地，适合度假的地方
2.highlight（high+light）（合） n.最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分
3.property n.所有物，财产，财物
4.conservation（conserve+ation）（派） n.保护；节约
5.coat n.（油漆、清漆等的）层（熟词生义）
6.be related to... 与……有关
长难句解读
原句 On the tiny South Pacific island of Niue, Niue Blue is set to
become one of only three Eco Centers of the Professional Association
of Diving Instructors in the region, thanks in part to the dive shop's
support of Niuean women pursuing careers in marine conservation.
分析 本句是简单句。thanks to表原因,in part为插入语，现在分词短语
pursuing...作women的后置定语。
译文 在南太平洋的纽埃小岛上，Niue Blue将成为该地区仅有的三个专
业潜水教练协会的生态中心之一，这在一定程度上要归功于这家潜水
店对从事海洋保护事业的纽埃女性的支持。
B
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我
（2025·浙江杭州二模）
After I discovered Diet Coke in 1982, I drank at least three 12-
ounce cans nearly every day for the next four decades. I was the
person who avoided certain airlines because they only served Pepsi.
At various times I tried to stop, but I could never prevent myself
from drinking it for longer than a week.#1.3
This year, something happened that changed everything. I had
been feeling pain in the left side of my stomach for months, but
doctors were unable to figure out the problem. At the same time, I
began noticing that my beloved drink left an awful aftertaste I had
never noticed before. In late June, after opening up my second can of
the day, pains shot across my stomach, and that was my last soda.
Just like that, I was done, after 39 years. Why did it take so long
Was I truly psychologically dependent, or was it simply a bad habit #1.4
The American Psychiatric Association doesn't specifically list Diet
Coke addiction. However, research indicates its addictive potential.
Ashley Gearhardt at the University of Michigan points to the two
“culprits” that can be found in Diet Coke: aspartame （阿斯巴甜）
and caffeine. Aspartame, 200 times sweeter than regular sugar, and
caffeine work together to keep us desiring more.#1.5
As of now, I'm on Day 41 of being Diet Coke-free. The initial
days were extremely difficult due to caffeine withdrawal, but I'm
committed to maintaining this new lifestyle. My stomach hurts less,
and my sweet tooth is not as persistent. I am quite pleased with
myself for having altered a lifelong habit. If I can do this, I can do
anything, even if it takes 40 years.#1.6
4. What can be inferred about the author from paragraph 1 ( )
C
A. Diet Coke was less popular before he discovered it.
B. He tried various ways to stop drinking Diet Coke.
C. Diet Coke was an inseparable part of his life.
D. He preferred to take flights which didn't offer Pepsi.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“After I discovered Diet Coke in
1982, I drank at least three 12-ounce cans nearly every day for the
next four decades.”可知，健怡可乐是作者生活中不可分割的一部分。
故选C。
5. What made the author decide to change ( )
B
A. The doctor's advice. B. Sharp pain in his stomach.
C. Persistent headaches. D. Research on Diet Coke.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I had been feeling pain in the
left side of my stomach for months...At the same time, I began
noticing that my beloved drink left an awful aftertaste I had never
noticed before...pains shot across my stomach, and that was my last
soda.”可知，作者决定戒掉健怡可乐是因为腹部疼痛和饮料令人恶心的
余味。故选B。
6. What can replace the underlined word “culprits” in paragraph
3 ( )
A
A. Criminals. B. Advocators. C. Defenders. D. Sponsors.
[解析] 词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的“that can be found in Diet
Coke: aspartame and caffeine. Aspartame, 200 times sweeter than
regular sugar, and caffeine work together to keep us desiring more”可
知，阿斯巴甜和咖啡因让人们对健怡可乐欲罢不能，结合前文提到健
怡可乐有成瘾潜力可知，“culprits”应是导致不良后果的事物，与
“criminals”意思相近。故选A。
7. How does the author feel about giving up Diet Coke ( )
A
A. Accomplished. B. Disappointed.
C. Enthusiastic. D. Hesitant.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I am quite pleased with myself
for having altered a lifelong habit. If I can do this, I can do anything,
even if it takes 40 years.”可知，作者为自己改变了长期的习惯而感到
高兴和自豪，有成就感。故选A。
词汇积累
1.figure out 弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白
2.shoot v.剧痛跳窜（熟词生义）
3.addiction（addict+ion）（派） n.瘾；入迷，嗜好
4.indicate v.表明，显示；指出
5.point to 提出，指出（重要的事或理由）
6.withdrawal（withdraw+al）（派） n.脱瘾期（熟词生义）
7.be committed to致力于
8.inseparable（in+separable）（派） adj.（东西）分不开的；（人）形
影不离的
C
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·湖南长沙长郡中学一模）
AI is advanced enough to take over the basic function of driving
a vehicle, but driving needs so much more than just steering a car.
Human beings need to perform a vast variety of tasks in a car.#1.3
The fact is, human beings won't be completely out of the driver's
seat anytime soon. We still have the edge over AI because we think
like other human beings. We anticipate that other drivers or
pedestrians may not always follow the rules of the road, or they may
behave in unpredictable ways. We know this not from a driving
manual,but from life experience. We subconsciously respond to
situations in a very human way. Eventually,learning algorithms（算法）
will be developed to imitate some of our gut（本能的）reactions, but
this will take time.#1.4
So far, there's been little effort on the part of either the
automobile industry or public safety officials to bring the public up to
speed. When people hear the term autonomous car, they are often
under the mistaken belief that the role of the human driver has been
removed and that he or she is now downgraded to the role of a
passenger.#1.5
“The biggest misconception about automation is that the more
automation there is,the less human competence is needed. Actually, the
more you automate, the more you need to educate, where, when, how,
etc.,” observes Bryan Reimer, a research scientist at the MIT Center
for Transportation and Logistics.#1.6
He has studied driver behavior as it relates to automation and
raised an interesting point:as our automobiles assume more and more
of the tasks of their operation, there is a risk that human beings will
lose some of the real-world driving experiences that make us
competent drivers. This is fine as long as the car remains in control.
But in a world of semi-autonomous vehicles, the drivers may become
less equipped to handle the complicated operation that would stump
（难倒）the software.#1.7
“The way we approach driver training will likely need an
upgrade to accommodate to the new world of semi-autonomous cars.
It doesn't look like we're going to have to shut down our driving
schools anytime soon,” Bryan Reimer added.#1.8
8. What does the author say about driving ( )
B
A. Its basic function is still complicated for AI.
B. It requires more than operating a vehicle.
C. It involves many repetitive and boring tasks.
D. It needs the driver's full attention to the road.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据首段中的“but driving needs so much more
than just steering a car. Human beings need to perform a vast variety
of tasks in a car（但驾驶需要的远不止是操控汽车。人类在车内需要
完成各式各样的任务）”可知B项正确。
9. What does the author think is the advantage of human drivers over
AI ( )
C
A. They prove to be more acceptable to the general public.
B. They have more detailed knowledge of the rules of the road.
C. They are more experienced in dealing with unusual situations.
D. They are better at handling traffic accidents in a human way.
[解析] 细节理解题。通读第二段可知，人类驾驶员能够预判其他驾驶
员或行人潜在的不遵守规则的行为，并对此作出本能反应，而人工智
能目前还做不到这一点。由此可知C项正确。
10. What does Bryan Reimer imply about automation ( )
D
A. It plays an important role in improving traffic safety.
B. It reduces the need for drivers' professional competence.
C. It alters the relationship between drivers and passengers.
D. It may cause drivers to be less able to cope with complex
situations.
[解析] 推理判断题。第五段介绍Bryan Reimer的观点：第一点指出，
随着我们的汽车承担越来越多的操作任务，人类可能会失去一些现实
世界的驾驶体验，而正是这些体验使我们成为老练的司机；第二点指
出，在一个半自动驾驶汽车的世界里，驾驶员可能会变得无力应对
（自动化）软件做不到的复杂操作。言外之意即半自动驾驶汽车可能
会降低驾驶员应对复杂情况的能力，故D项正确。
11. What should people do to adapt to semi-autonomous
driving ( )
C
A. Upgrade automation technologies.
B. Change their perception of AI.
C. Update driver training programs.
D. Open more driving schools.
[解析] 细节理解题。最后一段第一句“The way we approach driver
training will likely need an upgrade to accommodate to the new world
of semi-autonomous cars.”可知，我们培训驾驶员的方式可能需要升级，
以适应半自动驾驶汽车的新世界。 故C项正确。
词汇积累
1.have an/the edge on/over sb./sth.略胜过某人/某物
2.anticipate v.预期，预料；预见（并做准备）；期望
3.subconsciously（sub+conscious+ly） （派） adv.潜意识地
4.automobile（auto+mobile）（派） n.汽车
5.downgrade（down+grade）（合） v.使降级
6.upgrade（up+grade）（合） n.升级
7.accommodate to适应
长难句解读
原句 He has studied driver behavior as it relates to automation and
raised an interesting point:as our automobiles assume more and more
of the tasks of their operation,there is a risk that human beings will
lose some of the real-world driving experiences that make us
competent drivers.
分析 本句是主从复合句。第一个as引导方式状语从句，第二个as引导
时间状语从句；第一个that引导同位语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，
在从句中作主语。
译文 他研究了与自动化相关的驾驶员行为，并提出了一个有趣的观点：
随着我们的汽车承担越来越多的操作任务，存在这样一种风险，即人
类可能会失去一些使我们成为合格驾驶员的现实驾驶经历。
D
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·山东省实验中学二模）
For something designed to streamline communication, corporate
jargon （行话） often does the opposite—leaving many employees
confused and excluded.#1.3
A survey of more than 8,000 working professionals across eight
countries found that 58 percent feel their fellow employees overuse
jargon. If given the opportunity, nearly half of them would remove its
usage since interpreting their meanings “causes stress and slows down
productivity”.
Yet, we keep using it. Then why does it continue to exist #1.5
“Language isn't just about sharing information. It's social,” said
Daria Bahtina, a lecturer from the University of California Los
Angeles. “When we speak, we're performing relationships, identities,
and positions,” she explained. This isn't limited to managers or
corporate departments. Bahtina noted specialized language pops up
wherever people gather, for example, in a team of software engineers,
or even a neighborhood book club after their third bottle of wine.#1.6
In addition, jargon is a means of exclusiveness. “Shared jargon
can develop a sense of identity and community,” said Eric Anicich,
associate professor at the USC's Marshall School of Business. Anicich
and his team conducted research that shows how office jargon is
employed to draw invisible lines between insiders and outsiders.
According to their findings, lower-status individuals are more likely to
use jargon in evaluative situations—not to clarify their message but to
signal intelligence and competence.#1.7
So, where do we go from here When asked about his position
on jargon, Anicich replied, “Jargon is used as a tool—it's not naturally
good nor bad, so it depends on how and when you use it.”
In fact, jargon is integrated into everyday life in ways we barely
notice. Bahtina mentions how fans of medical dramas who have never
set foot in a hospital can still understand phrases like “code blue”.
“This doesn't mean that they can perform surgery; it shows how
jargon can flow beyond its origin and become part of everyday
speech,” she says.#1.9
Rather than going to extremes, experts agree that it's best to
question whether jargon is being used appropriately. If our vocabulary
is building walls instead of bridges, it may be time to circle back—
and rethink how we speak at work.#1.10
12. Why would employees stop using jargon if possible ( )
A
A. They find it less helpful.
B. They think it is used too often.
C. They prefer diverse expressions.
D. They intend to expand its meanings.
[解析] 推理判断题。第一段指出“对于一些旨在简化沟通的东西，企业
行话往往适得其反，这让许多员工感到困惑和排斥”，再根据第二段“A
survey...found that 58 percent feel their fellow employees overuse
jargon. If given the opportunity, nearly half of them would remove its
usage since interpreting their meanings...”可知，行话本应简化沟通，实
际上却让员工困惑、被排除在外，调查发现近半员工想摒弃行话，说
明他们觉得行话没帮助。故选A。
13. Who is more likely to use jargon according to the text ( )
D
A. A waiter in the bar.
B. An employer on vacation.
C. A customer over the phone.
D. An applicant in an interview.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中“...specialized language pops up
wherever people gather, for example, in a team of software engineers,
or even a neighborhood book club after their third bottle of wine.
（只要人们聚集在一起，就会出现专门的语言，例如，在软件工程师
团队中，甚至是在他们喝完第三瓶葡萄酒后的社区读书俱乐部）”以及
第五段中的“lower-status individuals are more likely to use jargon in
evaluative situations（地位较低的人更有可能在评估的情况下使用行
话）”可知，行话在人群聚集处出现，像工程师团队、读书俱乐部这类
群体场景，以及低地位个体在评估场景下使用。D选项“An applicant in
an interview（面试者处于评估场景）”符合低地位个体在评估场景用行
话的情况。故选D。
14. What is Eric Anicich's attitude toward jargon ( )
B
A. Appreciative. B. Objective.
C. Disapproving. D. Indifferent.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Jargon is used as a tool—it's
not naturally good nor bad, so it depends on how and when you use
it.”可知，Eric Anicich 认为行话是工具，本身无好坏，其优缺点取决
于人们的使用方式，这种态度是客观的。故选B。
15. What is a suitable title for the text ( )
A
A. Jargon:hated but used
B. Applying jargon, raising doubt
C. Jargon:a universal device
D. Using jargon, building bridges
[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕行话展开，表明了行话
存在让员工困惑等问题，但其仍被使用，如第一段说行话违背简化沟
通的初衷却仍被使用；后面讲行话在各种场景出现、不同人对其的看
法等。由此可知，A选项“Jargon:hated but used（行话：遭厌恶但被使
用）”能概括文章大意。故选A。
词汇积累
1.streamline v.简化
2.exclude v.不包括，把……排除在外
3.productivity（product+ive+ity）（派） n.生产率，生产力
4.pop up突然出现
5.signal v.标志；表明；预示（词性活用）
6.be integrated into...与……融为一体
长难句解读
原句 Rather than going to extremes, experts agree that it's best to
question whether jargon is being used appropriately.
分析 本句为主从复合句。Rather than介词短语作状语；that引导宾语
从句；it是形式主语，to question...作真正的主语；whether引导宾语从句。
译文 专家们一致认为，与其走极端，不如质疑行话的使用是否恰当。(共53张PPT)
限时组合练
限时组合练八（阅读理解4篇）
限时：30分钟
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·湖南长沙三模）
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1. What is the main purpose of the Smart Home Project ( )
D
A. To provide affordable housing options.
B. To promote environmental-friendly lifestyle.
C. To offer better security solutions to residents.
D. To integrate advanced technology into daily life.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our Smart Home Project is
designed to redefine the way you live by applying cutting-edge
technology in your everyday life.（我们的智能家居项目旨在通过在日
常生活中应用尖端技术来重新定义您的生活方式）”可知，本文主要介
绍智能家居项目如何通过尖端技术（如智能温控、安全系统、语音控
制等）提升日常生活体验。因此，智能家居的主要目的是将先进技术
融入日常生活中。故选D。
2. What is the main advantage of the smart home's energy efficiency
feature ( )
C
A. It reduces the carbon footprints of the home.
B. It provides detailed energy usage reports.
C. It helps save costs and reduce environmental impact.
D. It allows for manual control of energy consumption.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据4.Energy Efficiency部分中“Our smart home
technology is designed to optimize energy consumption. Smart meters
monitor your energy usage and provide detailed reports, cutting down
your daily expenses and reducing your carbon footprints.”可知，文中
提到智能家居的节能功能旨在优化能源消耗，并通过智能电表监控能
源使用并提供详细报告，帮助用户节省成本并减少碳排放。因此，主
要优势是节省成本和减少环境影响。故选C。
3. Where does the passage probably come from ( )
B
A. A business report. B. An advertisement.
C. An amusing project. D. A high-technology workshop.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章Pricing and Availability部分中“Our
smart homes are available in various sizes and configurations to suit
your lifestyle. Prices start from ＄6,500. For more information, visit
our website or contact our sales team at 1-800-×××-4567.”和最后一
段的小标题“Join the Future of Living Today!（就在今天加入未来生活
吧！）”可推知，本文很有可能取自新项目广告。故选B。
词汇积累
1.cutting-edge adj.尖端的
2.unparalleled （un+parallel+ed）（派） adj.无与伦比的，无双的；前
所未有的
3.adjustment（adjust+ment）（派） n.调整；调节
4.appliance（apply+ance）（派） n.电器，器具
5.optimize v.使最优化；充分利用
6.meter n.计量器，计量表（熟词生义）
7.access to...接触/使用……
8.workshop（work+shop）（合）车间；作坊；研讨会
B
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·河南郑州模拟）
For three decades, Camilleri, a Canadian fashion designer, has
made a name for herself dressing A-listers. Her beautiful, delicate
styles, from leather to evening wear to other custom pieces, were
showed on the covers of the hottest magazines.#1.3
But when Turnbull—a well-known journalist and wheelchair user
since a terrible accident left her quadriplegic （四肢瘫痪的）in
1983—approached her to design stylish, comfortable clothes to fit her
body through the seasons, Camilleri realized her real calling was to
help bring fashion to a completely under-served community. “I had no
idea that someone in a chair had any different clothing needs than
you or me,” says the designer. “The world was my market because
nobody had ever done this before.” In 2004 Camilleri opened a
boutique （精品店） specially for people who use wheelchairs.#1.4
“Everything we do, the starting point is from a seat frame. So
what happens when you're sitting What happens to the clothes
Where are they getting together ” Camilleri explains. “We literally had
to recreate the patterns to accommodate a seat frame.”#1.5
Her custom creations have changed lives. Winkelaar has been in
a wheelchair since a car accident two weeks before his fourth birthday.
Until he met Camilleri, he lacked confidence in his appearance and
was afraid of entering clothing stores because he had trouble finding
trousers that fit properly. Salah has spastic cerebral palsy （痉挛型脑
瘫）. She says clothing stores are always daunting places full of
pieces out of reach. Salah says she carries herself differently now and
she is more confident in her appearance. Being able to have access to
fashionable and functional clothing gives her a lot of dignity.#1.6
“Camilleri's pieces are now part of an exhibit at the Royal
Ontario Museum, and her success in a new rare market has not gone
unnoticed in the mainstream fashion world. She is a truly brilliant
technician. She puts fashion and confidence within reach of the
disabled,” Canadian television personality and fashion critic Jeanne
Beker says.#1.7
4. What drives Camilleri to open a boutique ( )
C
A. Seeking fame. B. Making a profit.
C. Providing service. D. Meeting a challenge.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段中“But when Turnbull...approached her
to design stylish, comfortable clothes to fit her body through the
seasons, Camilleri realized her real calling was to help bring fashion
to a completely under-served community.（但是，当特恩布尔……找到
她，让她设计时尚且舒适、能随季节变化并适合她体型的衣服时，卡
米列里意识到她真正的使命是帮助把时尚带给一个完全没有得到充分
服务的群体）”可推知，是特恩布尔让卡米列里意识到了四肢瘫痪等行
动不便者对服装有特殊需求，并且这个市场是空白的，所以她决定为
他们提供服务，开一家精品店。故选C。
5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “daunting”
in paragraph 4 ( )
B
A. Inspiring. B. Frightening. C. Striking. D. Comforting.
[解析] 词句猜测题。根据上文“Salah has spastic cerebral palsy.”和下文
“Salah says she carries herself differently now and she is more
confident in her appearance. Being able to have access to fashionable
and functional clothing gives her a lot of dignity.（Salah表示，现在的
她举止不同了，对自己的外表也更有自信。能够穿上既时尚又实用的
衣服让她感受到了极大的尊严。）”可知，之前服装店总是令Salah感到
畏惧，因为那里的衣服总是高高挂起，遥不可及。由此可知，daunting
意为“令人畏惧的，令人害怕的”。故选B。
6. What message does Beker want to convey in the last
paragraph ( )
D
A. Camilleri is a highly original thinker.
B. Camilleri is a productive market advisor.
C. Camilleri is a critical technical leader.
D. Camilleri is a successful fashion innovator.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Camilleri's pieces are now part
of an exhibit at the Royal Ontario Museum, and her success in a new
rare market has not gone unnoticed in the mainstream fashion world.
She is a truly brilliant technician. She puts fashion and confidence
within reach of the disabled（卡米列里的作品现在是皇家安大略博物
馆展览的一部分，她在新的稀有市场上的成功在主流时尚界也并非没
有被注意到。她是一位真正才华横溢的技术人员。她让残疾人也能够
接触到时尚和自信）”可推知，贝克尔想表达的是卡米列里在时尚界取
得了成功，是一位成功的时尚创新者。故选D。
7. Which of the following can best describe Camilleri ( )
A
A. Caring and visionary. B. Ambitious and hardworking.
C. Creative and stubborn. D. Determined and courageous.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段提到的Turnbull 及“In 2004 Camilleri
opened a boutique specially for people who use wheelchairs.”可知，她
为四肢瘫痪等行动不便者设计时尚舒适的衣服，并开设精品店，改变
了他们的生活，由此可知，她是一个有爱心的人；根据第二段中“The
world was my market because nobody had ever done this before.
（整个世界都是我的市场，因为此前从来没有人做过这件事）”可知，
她看到了这个市场是空白的，所以她决定开一家精品店，这说明她是
一个有远见的人。故选A。
词汇积累
1.dress v.为……提供服装（熟词生义）
2.A-lister n.一线明星
3.custom adj.定制的（熟词生义）
4.under-served（under+served）（合） adj.服务不周到的；服务水平低
下的
5.accommodate v.顺应，适应（熟词生义）
6.dignity n.尊严，自尊；庄严
7.unnoticed（un+noticed）（派） adj.被忽视的；不引人注意的
长难句解读
原句 But when Turnbull—a well-known journalist and wheelchair user
since a terrible accident left her quadriplegic in 1983—approached her
to design stylish, comfortable clothes to fit her body through the
seasons, Camilleri realized her real calling was to help bring fashion
to a completely under-served community.
分析 本句为主从复合句，主句是主谓宾结构；when引导时间状语从句，
其中第一个破折号之后跟一个同位语，since引导原因状语从句；
realized之后为省略that的宾语从句，to help...为不定式作表语。
译文 但是，当特恩布尔——一位著名的记者，自从1983年一场可怕的
事故导致她四肢瘫痪后就一直坐轮椅——找到她，让她设计时尚且舒
适、能随季节变化并适合她的体型的衣服时，卡米列里意识到她真正
的使命是帮助把时尚带到一个完全缺乏服务的社区。
C
语篇类型：书评 主题语境：人与社会
（2024·山东潍坊二模）
I had to say something after reading The Anxious Generation. It
is going to sell well, because Jonathan Haidt is telling a scary story
about children's development many parents are led to believe. However,
the book's repeated suggestion that digital technologies are rewiring
our children's brains and causing the epidemic（流行）of mental
illness is unsupported by science. Worse, the rude proposal that social
media is to blame might distract（使分心） us from effectively
responding to the real causes of the current mental-health crisis in
young people.
Researchers have searched for the effects suggested by Haidt. Our
efforts have produced a mix of no, small and mixed associations.
Most data are correlative. When associations over time are found, they
suggest not that social-media use predicts or causes depression, but
that young people who already have mental-health problems use such
platforms more often or in different ways from their healthy peers.
We are not alone here. Several analyses and systematic reviews
focus on . .the same message. An analysis done in 72 countries shows
no consistent or measurable associations between well-being and social
media globally. Moreover, studies from some authorities find no
evidence of intense changes associated with digital-technology use.
As a psychologist studying children's and adolescents' mental
health, I appreciate parents' frustration（沮丧） and desire for simple
answers. As a parent of adolescents, I would also like to identify a
simple source of the pain this generation is reporting. There are,
however, no simple answers. The beginning and development of
mental disorders are driven by a complex set of genetic and
environmental factors.
More young people are talking openly about their mental-health
struggles than ever before. But insufficient services are available to
address their needs. In the United States, there is, on average, one
school psychologist for every 1,119 students. We have a generation in
crisis and in desperate need of the best of what science and evidence-
based solutions can offer. Unfortunately, our time is being spent telling
stories that are unsupported by research and that do little to support
young people who need, and deserve, more.#1.7
8. What is presented in The Anxious Generation ( )
C
A. Scary stories affect children's brains.
B. Parents are responsible for children's health.
C. Teens' mental illness results from screen time.
D. The epidemic of mental illness is unavoidable.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“However, the book's repeated
suggestion that digital technologies are rewiring our children's brains
and causing the epidemic of mental illness is unsupported by science.”
可知，该书反复暗示数字技术正在重构孩子的大脑，并导致精神疾病
的流行。C项“屏幕时间造成青少年的精神疾病”与此描述一致。故选C。
9. What does “the same message” underlined in paragraph 3 refer
to ( )
D
A. Many countries do research into mental health.
B. Well-being and social media are closely related.
C. The young are trapped in the mental-health crisis.
D. Social media doesn't necessarily cause mental illness.
[解析] 词句猜测题。画线部分后紧接着提到了“在72个国家进行的一项
分析显示，在全球范围内，健康和社交媒体之间没有一致的或显著的
联系”，由此可知，D项“社交媒体不一定导致精神疾病”正确解释了文
中“the same message”的内容。故选D。
10. What is implied in the last paragraph ( )
A
A. Effective action needs to be taken.
B. Positive stories should be shared.
C. Financial support needs to be provided.
D. Broader research should be done.
[解析] 推理判断题。最后一段第四句“We have a generation in crisis
and in desperate need of the best of what science and evidence-based
solutions can offer.”明确表明了当前的危机状态以及对科学和基于证据
的解决方案的迫切需求，从而暗示需要采取有效措施。故选A。
11. What is the author's purpose in writing the text ( )
D
A. To suggest ways to help those in need.
B. To encourage parents to brave the crisis.
C. To recommend a newly-published book.
D. To give voice to children's mental issues.
[解析] 推理判断题。本文作者评论了一本书中的论述，指出其缺乏科
学依据，并强调了解决青少年精神健康问题的实际需求和困境。此外，
作者表达了作为心理学家和父母的看法，希望能为这一代青少年提供
真正的帮助。D项“为儿童精神问题发声”是作者撰写本文的主要目的。
故选D。
词汇积累
1.scary adj.可怕的
2.proposal n.提议，建议
3.consistent adj.一致的；连续的
4.intense adj.强烈的，激烈的
5.adolescent n.青少年
6.drive v.驱使，推动（熟词生义）
7.insufficient adj.不足的，不充分的
8.address v.处理，设法解决（熟词生义）
D
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·广东六校联考）
Laughing together is an important way for people to connect and
bond. And though the causes of laughter can vary widely across
individuals and groups, the sound of a laugh is usually recognizable
between people belonging to different cultures. Through shared
amusement, laughter strengthens social ties and fosters empathy.
However, many animals produce sounds during play that are
unique to that pleasant social interaction. Researchers consider such
vocalizations to be similar to human laughter. Recently, scientists
investigated play vocalization to see how common it was among
animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing—
most were mammals, but a few bird species demonstrated playful
laughter too. This new study could help scientists to analyze the
origins of human laughter.
But how can we identify animal play Unlike fighting, animal
play is usually repetitive and happens independently of other social
behaviors, said lead author Sasha Winkler, a doctor of biological
anthropology at the University of California. When it comes to
identifying play behaviors in monkey groups, “you know it when you
see it,” Winkler told Live Science. One sign is that monkeys have a
“play face” that is similar to the expressions of humans who are
playing. She had noticed that they panted （喘气） quietly while
playing, so a hypothesis （laughter in humans is thought to have
originated during play） supported by the play-related panting laughter
of monkey species was put forward.
People now still laugh during play, but we also integrate laughter
into language and non-play behaviors, using laughter in diverse ways
to express a range of emotions that may be positive or negative.
Human laughter notably differs from other animals' laughter in another
important way: its volume. People broadcast their laughter loudly,
often as a way of establishing inclusion. By comparison, when most
animals laugh, the sound is very quiet—just loud enough to be heard
by the laugher's partner.
“It's amazing that so many animals have a similar function of
vocalization during play,” Winkler told Live Science. “But we do have
these unique parts of human laughter that are also an important area
for future study.”#1.7
12. What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about ( )
C
A. The causes and diversity of laughter.
B. The cultural differences in laughter.
C. The role of laughter as a social glue.
D. The impact of laughter on our health.
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Laughing together is an important
way for people to connect and bond.（一起笑是人与人之间建立联系
的重要方式）”和“Through shared amusement, laughter strengthens
social ties and fosters empathy.（通过分享乐趣，笑声加强了社会联系，
培养了同理心）”可知，第一段主要谈论了笑声作为社交粘合剂的作用。
故选C。
13. How do monkeys signal playfulness according to Winkler ( )
D
A. By imitating human faces.
B. Through loud voice to establish dominance.
C. By producing quiet sounds.
D. Through repeated actions and unique breathing.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlike fighting, animal play is
usually repetitive and happens independently of other social behaviors
（与打斗不同，动物玩耍通常是重复的，独立于其他社会行为而发
生）”和“they panted quietly while playing, so a hypothesis
（laughter in humans is thought to have originated during play）
supported by the play-related panting laughter of monkey species was
put forward［它们在玩耍时安静地喘气，因此提出了一种假设
（人类的笑声被认为起源于玩耍），这种假设得到了猴子与玩耍有关
的喘息笑声的支持］”可知，Winkler认为，猴子是通过重复动作和独特
的呼吸来发出玩耍的信号的。故选D。
14. What can we learn about human laughter from the text ( )
D
A. It serves to express positive emotions.
B. It is distinctive and has been fully explored.
C. It shows lower volume than animals' laughter.
D. It is used as a tool to reinforce group belonging.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Laughing together is an important
way for people to connect and bond.（一起笑是人与人之间建立联系
的重要方式）”和“Through shared amusement, laughter strengthens
social ties and fosters empathy.（通过分享乐趣，笑声加强了社会联系，
培养了同理心）”可知，人类的笑声是他们用来加强社会联系，强化群
体归属感的一种工具。故选D。
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text ( )
B
A. The Identification of Play: Behaviors in Different Species
B. The Shared Connection: Laughter in Humans and Animals
C. A New Scientific Discovery: The Origin of Human Laughter
D. A Social Bond: The Function of Laughter in Human Society
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Laughing together is an important
way for people to connect and bond.”、第二段中“Researchers consider
such vocalizations to be similar to human laughter.（研究人员认为这
种声音类似于人类的笑声）”、“This new study could help scientists
to analyze the origins of human laughter.（这项新研究可以帮助科学
家分析人类笑声的起源）”和最后一段“‘It's amazing that so many
animals have a similar function of vocalization during play,’ Winkler
told Live Science. ‘But we do have these unique parts of human
laughter that are also an important area for future study.’（Winkler告
诉《生活科学》杂志：‘令人惊讶的是，这么多动物在玩耍时都有类似
的发声功能。但我们人类笑声确实有独特之处，这也是未来研究的一
个重要领域。’）”及全文其他内容可知，本文主要通过对人类的笑声和
动物玩耍时发出的愉快声音的对比，分析了它们之间存在的联系。故
选B。
词汇积累
1.recognizable（recognize+able）（派） adj.可辨认的；可认识的；可
承认的
2.strengthen（strength+en）（派） v.加强；增强；巩固
3.empathy n.同感；共鸣；同情
4.vocalization（vocal+ize+ation）（派） n.嗓音；发声，发音
5.repetitive（repeat+itive）（派） adj.多次重复的
6.reinforce（re+in+force）（派） v.加强；充实
长难句解读
原句 She had noticed that they panted quietly while playing, so a
hypothesis （laughter in humans is thought to have originated during
play） supported by the play-related panting laughter of monkey
species was put forward.
分析 本句为主从复合句，是主谓宾结构；that引导宾语从句；while
playing是状语从句的省略；supported...species是过去分词短语作后置定
语。
译文 她注意到它们在玩耍时安静地喘气，因此提出了一种假设
（人类的笑声被认为起源于玩耍），这种假设得到了猴子的与玩耍有
关的喘息笑声的支持。(共46张PPT)
限时组合练
限时组合练十五（阅读理解4篇）
限时：30分钟
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与自然
（2025·河南信阳高级中学三模）
A journey along the gentle River Barrow takes the traveller to a
peaceful bygone time. Surrounded with reeds and flowers, and
harboring a wealth of wildlife along its banks, the River Barrow is
widely recognized as one of the finest and most beautiful river
experiences throughout Europe. This half-day tour involves the thrill
of a canoeing river trip from Clashganny, just south of Borris Town
over all rapids to reach the abbey town of Graiguenamanagh.
A trip with the companies highlighted below is an engaging
activity. Professionally guided, all tours are suitable for groups of
friends, families and work colleagues and allow you to really
appreciate the wide open spaces and unspoilt waterway of the River
Barrow.
Go with the Flow River Adventures
（087-2529700|www.gowiththeflow.ie）
Paddle Your Own Canoe
（087-4140461|www.paddleyourowncanoe.ie）
Pure Adventure（087-2265550|www.pureadventure.ie）
Afternoon options: If you want to know more about the birds,
plants, mammals of the Blackstairs Mountains, Blackstairs Eco Trails
can lead you on a relaxing eco-walk—low hills to no hills—and can
also provide eco-trails, guided hikes, foraging （觅食） workshops,
wild herbal workshops and wild mushroom events.
Alternatively enjoy one of two walks in Clashganny Forest. The
Clashganny Lock Loop is 3.5 km long and takes approximately 1.5
hours to complete over flat land, which offers the walker magnificent
views over the famed Clashganny viewing point. The longer
Clashganny Forest Looped Walk covers 6 km.#1.7.2
1. Where does the canoeing tour along the River Barrow start ( )
A
A. In Clashganny.
B. In Graiguenamanagh.
C. In Borris Town.
D. At the Blackstairs Mountains.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This half-day tour involves the
thrill of a canoeing river trip from Clashganny”可知，沿着巴罗河的独
木舟之旅是从Clashganny开始的。故选A。
2. Which activity is provided by Blackstairs Eco Trails ( )
A
A. A guided hike in the wild.
B. A 6 km walk in Clashganny Forest.
C. A 1.5-hour walk on flat land.
D. A canoeing trip on the River Barrow.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据题干中的Blackstairs Eco Trails可定位至倒数
第二段，根据其中的“and can also provide eco-trails, guided hikes”可
知，Blackstairs Eco Trails 可以为游客提供有导游带领的野外徒步旅行。
故选A。
3. What can be inferred from the passage ( )
C
A. The Clashganny Lock Loop is less attractive.
B. Three canoeing companies offer self-guided tours.
C. Guided tours attract diverse groups to the River Barrow.
D. The eco-walks are mainly available in the early morning.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Professionally guided, all tours
are suitable for groups of friends, families and work colleagues and
allow you to really appreciate the wide open spaces and unspoilt
waterway of the River Barrow.”可推断，有导游带领的游览活动吸引了
各式各样的群体来到巴罗河。故选C。
词汇积累
1.bygone（by+gone）（合） adj.很久以前的；以往的
2.a wealth of大量
3.bank n.岸，河畔（熟词生义）
4.approximately adv.大约
5.magnificent adj.壮丽的，宏伟的
6.view n.景色，风景（熟词生义）
B
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我
（2025·江苏常州二模）
The leather jacket is age-worn and soft. I found it hanging in the
window of a shop in Brighton, England. I was there to deliver a talk
on modern women's writing at an international conference, a PhD
student eager to make a name for herself and waiting for her life to
start. I had just turned 28.#1.3
I'm still closely connected to that woman, her dreams and her
ambition, although she also frightens me. She was always quite
determined, this leather jacket woman—she had a five-year plan and
was sticking to it! This was the woman who couldn't find time to
visit her grandmother, who regularly missed her nieces' and nephews'
birthday parties, and who left and didn't look back.#1.4
She and I are one and the same, but we are also very different.
There was a change that happened a few years into the five-year plan.
Each time one goalpost was reached, another took its place. This is
the pattern of the overly ambitious. I started to doubt whether it
would result in any real success other than an unwavering
（坚定不移的） ability to give up everything else along the way. My
determination wavered. I realized I didn't want the same things
anymore. The jacket moved to the back of the wardrobe （衣橱）.#1.5
Seven years later, as I stood in front of my wardrobe filled with
useless clothes, I didn't know what to do with the jacket. When
England's cold spread to my bones years earlier, the jacket had felt
like a practical thing I bought. Here in Australia's sunshine, it always
felt a little silly. I let it fall heavily on the bed alongside the other
clothes I've decided to give away because they no longer make the
cut.#1.6
Yet, despite its uselessness and how much space it takes up, at
the last moment I return the leather jacket to the wardrobe. I think it
will always stand for a part of myself that I'm not quite willing to
give up forever—that ambitious, motivated woman.#1.7
4. Why did the author go to Brighton ( )
A
A. To give a public lecture. B. To go window shopping.
C. To study as a PhD student. D. To start her new life.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was there to deliver a talk on
modern women's writing at an international conference, a PhD student
eager to make a name for herself and waiting for her life to start.”可
知，作者去布赖顿做公开演讲。故选A。
5. What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 2 ( )
C
A. Her taste in clothing.
B. Her original dreams.
C. Her character in her late 20s.
D. Her family relationships.
[解析] 段落大意题。通读第二段，尤其是根据“her dreams and her
ambition”“she had a five-year plan and was sticking to it”“who
couldn't find time to visit her grandmother, who regularly missed her
nieces' and nephews' birthday parties, and who left and didn't look
back”及第一段末尾“I had just turned 28.”可知，作者在第二段主要告
诉我们她二十多岁时的性格。故选C。
6. What happened to the author in paragraph 3 ( )
B
A. She was proud of her success.
B. She started losing ambition.
C. She cared less about dressing.
D. She seldom doubted her plan.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I started to doubt whether it
would result in any real success other than an unwavering ability to
give up everything else along the way. My determination wavered. I
realized I didn't want the same things anymore.”可知，作者开始失去
雄心。故选B。
7. Why did the author keep the jacket ( )
B
A. To encourage other women. B. To treasure her real self.
C. To help her keep warm. D. To help her set goals.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I think it will always stand for
a part of myself that I'm not quite willing to give up forever—that
ambitious, motivated woman.”可推知，作者保留这件夹克是为了珍惜真
实的自己。故选B。
词汇积累
1.deliver v.发表（熟词生义）
2.name n.名誉，名声，名气（熟词生义）
3.ambition n.野心；雄心；志向；抱负
4.stick to坚持（做某事，不怕困难）
5.take sb's place 代替；替换
6.give away 赠送，送出
7.take up占据（空间）；占用（时间）；开始从事
8.taste n.品味（熟词生义）
长难句解读
原句 This was the woman who couldn't find time to visit her
grandmother, who regularly missed her nieces' and nephews' birthday
parties, and who left and didn't look back.
分析 本句为主从复合句。主句为主系表结构，三个who均引导定语从
句，均修饰woman。
译文 这就是那个连看望祖母的时间都没有、经常错过侄子侄女生日聚
会、离家后头也不回的女人。
C
语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与自我
（2025·河南信阳二模）
I have frequently taught Research Methods and Design to college
students at several institutions. I love teaching this course. One reason,
of course, is that I enjoy thinking about research methodology
（方法学） and sharing it with others. The other reason, however, is
the obvious impact that it has on students. Every term, one
（if not more） student tells me how taking this course has affected
him/her: “I used to just read articles and believe what they said, but
now I find myself asking ‘Is this true How do they know Is this a
well designed study ’” That is what I want the students to achieve in
this course.
This brings to mind something written by Dorothy L. Sayers in
1948. One of her books, The Lost Tools of Learning speaks to
Sayers's thoughts on education. “By teaching our young men and
women to read, we have left them at the mercy of the printed words.
By the invention of the film and the radio, we have made certain that
no dislike for reading shall protect them from the constant battery of
words, words, words. They do not know what the words mean: they
are victims of words in their emotions instead of being the masters of
them in their intelligence.”
We are well past the 1940s, but her observation is still relevant.
Sayers's point is well taken. In the world of 24-hour news and social
media that often resembles the Wild West, the ability to carry out
evaluations has never been more important. In order to resist the
distortions with which we are constantly bombarded in the media, as
well as be able to present a persuasive argument, we must be able to
reason well, and think and give a judgement carefully.
When my students begin the Research Methods and Design
course, they are generally not content to read all those research
articles I give. However, by the end of the course, they are excited
about their newly obtained abilities.#1.6
8. What is the author's course goal for her students ( )
B
A. Reading more books. B. Thinking critically.
C. Designing studies well. D. Questioning themselves.
[解析] 推理判断题。由第一段中学生描述的这门课对他/她产生的影响
“I used to just read articles and believe what they said, but now I
find myself asking ‘Is this true How do they know Is this a well
designed study ’”可知，作者的课程主要是要让学生学会批判性思考。
故选B。
9. What did Sayers imply about education ( )
D
A. It was beneficial to learners' development.
B. It was conventional by teaching learners to read.
C. It was satisfying with the invention of the film and the radio.
D. It was worrying because learners were subject to words.
[解析] 推理判断题。由第二段中Sayers所说的话可知，Sayers认为教育
让年轻人受制于印刷文字，他们在情感上是文字的受害者，在智力上
未成为文字的主人，这说明当时的教育状况是让人担忧的，因为学习
者被文字支配。故选D。
10. What does the underlined word “distortions” in paragraph 3 refer
to ( )
C
A. Popular news. B. Various evaluations.
C. Misleading information. D. Persuasive arguments.
[解析] 词句猜测题。画线词后文提到，要提出有说服力的论点，必须
能够进行良好的推理，进行思考并谨慎地做出判断，再结合画线词前
的“resist（抵御）”一词可推知，画线词含有负面意思，观察选项可知，
只有C项“误导性的信息”符合文意。
11. What's the purpose of the text ( )
D
A. To review a book. B. To introduce a writer.
C. To criticize social media. D. To suggest a practical skill.
[解析] 推理判断题。第一段中学生说的话表明，学生听完作者的课，
学会对所读文章进行反思，质疑文章的真实性等，第三段作者建议人
们仔细地思考再做出判断，说明作者想让学生在他的课上学会批判性
思考。再结合最后一段中的“However, by the end of the course, they
are excited about their newly obtained abilities.”可知，作者的写作目
的在于建议读者掌握一项实用技能——批判性思考。故选D。
词汇积累
1.at the mercy of受制于……；对……无能为力；任由……摆布
2.invention（invent+ion）（派） n.发明，创造；发明物
3.battery n.一系列；一批；一群（熟词生义）
4.intelligence n.智力，才智；智能
5.observation（observe+ation）（派） n.观察，监视；观察力
6.carry out 执行，实施
7.persuasive（persuade+ive）（派） adj.有说服力的，能使人信服的
8.reason v.推理；推论；推断（熟词生义）
9.conventional（convention+al）（派） adj.传统的；习惯的
10.subject adj.可能受……影响的；易遭受……的（熟词生义）
长难句解读
原句 In order to resist the distortions with which we are constantly
bombarded in the media, as well as be able to present a persuasive
argument, we must be able to reason well, and think and give a
judgement carefully.
分析 本句为主从复合句。In order to...a persuasive argument作目的状
语，其中as well as连接两个并列成分；with which引导定语从句，修
饰先行词distortions。
译文 为了抵御媒体中不断向我们袭来的各种扭曲信息，并且能够提出
有说服力的论点，我们必须具备良好的推理能力，进行思考并谨慎地
做出判断。
D
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·重庆育才中学一模）
It's a classic complaint in relationships, especially romantic ones:
“She said she was okay with me forgetting her birthday! Then why is
she throwing dishes in the kitchen Are the two things related ”
The answer is munication is more than words. It's how
those words are said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a
particular word. It's multi-dimensional, as explored by Deirdre Wilson
and Dan Sperber in Meaning and Relevance. Consider the following
example: Peter got angry and Mary left; Mary left and Peter got
angry. Though identical in words, their meanings differ completely.
The first one may have us thinking: Wow, Peter must get angry often
if Mary leaves. The second sentence suggests that Peter wants more
from Mary. The same words—a totally different context.
Human language is not a code （代码）. True codes have a one-
to-one relationship with meaning. One sound, one definition. This is
what we see with animals. Wilson and Sperber explain that “coded
communication works best when the emitter （发出者） and receiver
share exactly the same code.” Not so for humans. We communicate
more than the definitions of our words would suggest. This is
inferential communication, and it means that we understand not only
the words spoken, but the context in which they are spoken.
Irony （反语） is a great example of how powerfully we can
communicate context with a few simple words. It is more than just
stating the opposite. For example, when Mary says, after a boring
party, “That was fun”, she is neither saying literally that the party
was fun nor saying ironically that the party was boring. Rather, she is
expressing an emotion. Three words replace paragraphs, showcasing
language's efficiency.
Wilson and Sperber concluded that human language developed
and became so powerful because of two unique abilities of humans:
language and the power to try to interpret mental states of others. We
look for context for the words we hear. And we should be very good
at absorbing this context to infer meaning.#1.7
12. What does the complaint in paragraph 1 mainly indicate ( )
A
A. The inconsistency between words and meaning.
B. The importance of remembering vital moments.
C. The necessity of straightforward communication.
D. The unavoidability of argument in a couple's life.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段抱怨的内容“她说她不介意我忘记了她
的生日！那她为什么在厨房里摔盘子呢？这两件事有关系吗？”以及第
二段中“Communication is more than words. It's how those words are
said, the tone, the order, even the choice of a particular word.
（交流不仅仅是言语，还包括这些话是怎么说的，（说话的）语气、
顺序，甚至是某个特定单词的选择）”可推知，第一段的抱怨主要表明
了言语和意思之间的不一致。故选A。
13. What may make human language different from true codes ( )
A
A. The context included in understanding meanings.
B. The definitions made by words in communication.
C. The coded communication between the emitter and receiver.
D. The one-to-one relationship between words and meaning.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，人类语言不是一种代码。
真正的代码与意义有着一一对应的关系。一种声音对应一种定义。这
就是我们在动物身上看到的情况。当发出者和接收者拥有完全相同的
代码时，代码交流效果最佳。人类则不是这样。我们交流的内容比我
们所说的单词的定义要多。这是推理交流，意味着我们不仅理解所说
的话，而且理解说话的语境。由此可知，理解语言所包含的语境使人
类语言不同于真正的代码。故选A。
14. How does Mary's statement “That was fun” illustrate irony ( )
D
A. It simplifies language to save time.
B. It covers the true feelings of people.
C. It needs wordy explanations to make sense.
D. It uses fewer words for complex meanings.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，反语是一个很好的例子，
能够说明我们如何用几个简单的词来有力地传达语境。它不仅仅是陈
述相反的意思。例如，当玛丽在一个无聊的聚会后说‘那很有趣’时，她
既不是说聚会真的很有趣，也不是讽刺地说聚会很无聊，她在表达一
种情感。三个字代替了段落，展示了语言的效率。由此可知，玛丽的
陈述“那很有趣”用更少的词表达了复杂的意思，从而说明了反语的特
点。故选D。
15. What does the author suggest about communication ( )
C
A. Focusing on the opposite. B. Taking language literally.
C. Reading beyond the words. D. Avoiding using ironic tones.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wilson和Sperber得出结论，人类语
言之所以发展并变得如此强大，是因为人类有两种独特的能力：语言
能力和试图解读他人心理状态的能力。我们为听到的单词寻找语境。
我们应该非常善于理解这种语境来推断意义”可推知，作者认为在交流
中应该理解话语背后的意思，也就是不仅局限于字面意思。故选C。
词汇积累
1.particular adj.特定的；不寻常的；格外的；特别的
2.identical adj.同样的；完全相同的
3.context n.语境；上下文
4.inferential（infer+ent+ial）（派） adj.推理的；推论的；根据推理的
5.literally（literal+ly）（派） adv.按照字面意义地；真正地
6.absorb v.理解；掌握
7.inconsistency（in+consist+ency）（派） n.不一致
长难句解读
原句 This is inferential communication, and it means that we
understand not only the words spoken, but the context in which they
are spoken.
分析 本句为and连接的并列复合句;that引导宾语从句；第一个spoken为
过去分词作words的后置定语；in which引导定语从句，修饰context。
译文 这就是推理交流，它意味着我们不仅理解所说的话，而且理解所
说的话的语境。(共51张PPT)
限时组合练
限时组合练四（阅读理解4篇）
限时：30分钟
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与自我
（2025·辽宁大连育明高级中学二模）
Innovative （创新的） Designs for Accessibility
Deadline:2025-04-30
Award:＄7,500#1.3.2
Open to:University students
The Innovative Designs for Accessibility student competition
challenges students across Canada to use their creativity to develop
innovative, cost-effective and practical solutions to accessibility barriers
for people with disabilities. （Read more）#1.3.4
Clean Tech Competition
Deadline:2025-04-13
Award:＄28，000
Open to:Students 13-15 years old
The Clean Tech Competition is a unique, worldwide research and
design challenge for pre-college youths. The competition is designed to
build a deeper understanding of STEM （science, technology,
engineering, and math） related concepts, recognize outstanding talent,
and prepare the next generation of globally competitive innovators.
（Read more）#1.3.5.4
Agile Robotics Competition
Deadline:2025-04-10
Award:＄17,500
Open to:Adults
The Agile Robotics Competition is a simulation-based （仿真）
competition designed to promote agility（灵活） in industrial robot
systems by employing the latest advances in artificial intelligence and
robot planning. The competition will be held virtually （虚拟地）, so
there is no need to travel to compete. The competition will use the
Gazebo simulation tool. （Read more）#1.3.6.4
Wearable Robotics Innovation Challenge
Deadline:2025-04-24
Award:＄5,000
Open to:Everyone
The Wearable Robotics Association is inviting entries that
represent the most innovative new ideas in wearable robotic
technology. The review committee will select as many as ten finalists.
The one considered to be the most innovative will be announced at
the conference and will receive ＄5,000 to accelerate the new
technology. （Read more）#1.3.7.4
1. Which competition favors competitors with a creative mind in
helping the disabled ( )
A
A. Innovative Designs for Accessibility.
B. Clean Tech Competition.
C. Agile Robotics Competition.
D. Wearable Robotics Innovation Challenge.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Innovative Designs for Accessibility部分中
“The Innovative Designs for Accessibility student competition...to
develop innovative, cost-effective and practical solutions to accessibility
barriers for people with disabilities.”可知，无障碍创新设计学生大赛向
加拿大各地的学生提出挑战，让他们发挥自己的创造力，为残疾人开
发创新的、有成本效益的和实用的解决方案。由此可知，在帮助残疾
人方面，Innovative Designs for Accessibility更喜欢有创造性思维的选
手。故选A。
2. What's the aim of the Clean Tech Competition ( )
D
A. To conduct research about STEM.
B. To encourage university students to be innovators.
C. To help students prepare for the university.
D. To find talented teenagers and develop their ability to innovate.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Clean Tech Competition部分中“The
competition is designed to build a deeper understanding of STEM
（science, technology, engineering, and math） related concepts,
recognize outstanding talent, and prepare the next generation of
globally competitive innovators.”可知，比赛旨在建立对STEM
（科学、技术、工程和数学）相关概念的深入理解，找到优秀人才，
培养下一代具有全球竞争力的创新人才。由此可知，Clean Tech
Competition的目的是寻找有才华的青少年，培养他们的创新能力。故
选D。
3. What can we know about the four competitions ( )
C
A. They are open to everyone.
B. Every competitor can get an award.
C. They are due in April.
D. They are held virtually.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Innovative Designs for Accessibility部分中
“Deadline:2025-04-30”、Clean Tech Competition部分中“Deadline:2025-
04-13”、Agile Robotics Competition部分中“Deadline:2025-04-10”以及
Wearable Robotics Innovation Challenge部分中“Deadline:2025-04-24”可
知，这四场比赛都是截止到四月。故选C。
词汇积累
1.cost-effective adj.划算的；成本效益好的
2.competitive（compete+itive）（派） adj.有竞争力的；竞争的；好竞
争的，好胜的
3.artificial adj.人造的，人工的
4.accelerate v.（使）加快，促进
5.favor v.较喜欢；偏袒；有利于
B
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会
（2024·湖南长沙长郡中学一模）
Like so many other ABCs （American-born Chinese） and
younger first- and second-generation Chinese immigrants（移民）, The
Leung sisters Sarah and Kaitlin reached a point in their adult lives
when they started to long for the Chinese food they'd grown up on,
but found it really difficult to learn how to prepare it.
There was such a “representation gap”, as Sarah puts it, in terms of
what kinds of cuisines were noticeably featured in those early days of
TV celebrity chefs and the emerging food blogosphere（博客圈）.
As it turns out, though, the Leungs were uniquely positioned to
do something about it. Bill, their father, had spent years cooking beef
at his family's Chinese American takeout restaurant. Judy, their mom,
was born and raised in Shanghai and had deep knowledge about
traditional Shanghainese cooking. Meanwhile, the two sisters had
grown up in the New Jersey suburbs, eating their parents' food, but
also growing in America's own food-obsessed culture.
So, in 2013, the Leungs started The Woks of Life. What
distinguished their blog from others was that the intergenerational
heritage of knowledge that the Leungs were so eager for was baked
right into the concept—The four family members took turns posting
recipes, each sharing their own favorites, tapping into their own areas
of expert knowledge.
Kaitlin stresses that The Woks of Life follows along lines of
pioneer folks like Joyce Chen, Martin Yan and Ming Tsai, who first
started to bring Chinese home cooking into the mainstream in the US.
“We feel proud that we have made a meaningful mark over the past
decade, casting a light that there's a huge demand for these recipes,”
she says.“It's about representation, yes, but there's also a huge demand.
Asian Americans look to reconnect to the food of their heritage.”
Five years ago, you wouldn't have been able to find a ton of
Chinese recipes in the New York Times food section, Kaitlin notes.
Now you can.#1.7
4. What do the underlined words “representation gap” in paragraph 1
refer to ( )
B
A. The shortage of Chinese chefs.
B. The lack of Chinese food recipes.
C. The gap between young and old ABCs.
D. The difference between chefs and bloggers.
[解析] 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Like so many other ABCs
（American-born Chinese） and younger first- and second-generation
Chinese immigrants...how to prepare it.”可知，Sarah和Kaitlin是美籍华
人，当她们想吃小时候的中式饭菜时，却不知道如何做。由此可推知，
Sarah所说的早期电视名厨和新兴的美食博客圈中的“代表性差距”就是
没有中餐食谱的分享。故选B。
5. What is the purpose of paragraph 2 ( )
C
A. To prove how unique the Leung sisters are.
B. To show why the Leung sisters prefer Chinese food.
C. To point out the Leungs' advantage of starting a food blog.
D. To stress the Leung sisters' love for home cooking food.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段中“As it turns out, though, the
Leungs were uniquely positioned to do something about it.”以及本段
下文的叙述可推知，本段的目的是指出Leung一家人创建食物博客的优
势。故选C。
6. What makes The Woks of Life special ( )
D
A. The concept of baking food.
B. The large number of followers.
C. The bloggers' way of posting recipes.
D. The intergenerational heritage of knowledge.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中“What distinguished their blog from
others was that the intergenerational heritage of knowledge...was baked
right into the concept—The four family members took turns posting
recipes, each sharing their own favorites, tapping into their own areas
of expert knowledge.”可知，Leung一家人的博客与其他博客的不同之
处在于他们融入了知识代际传承的理念：两代人轮流分享美食。故选D。
7. What is the significance of The Woks of Life ( )
D
A. It strengthens the bonds between individuals.
B. It marks the popularity of Chinese cuisine.
C. It has developed many new Chinese recipes.
D. It links Asian Americans with their food tradition.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Asian Americans look to
reconnect to the food of their heritage.（亚裔美国人希望重新与他们
的传统食物建立联系）”可知，这个博客让亚裔美国人和他们的饮食传
统建立起联系。故选D。
词汇积累
1.long for渴望
2.turn out结果是，证明是
3.position v.安置，使处于（词性活用）
4.distinguish v.使有别于，区分
5.take turns轮流
6.tap into利用，开发（已有的资源、知识等）
长难句解读
原句 What distinguished their blog from others was that the
intergenerational heritage of knowledge that the Leungs were so eager
for was baked right into the concept...
分析 这是一个主从复合句。句中What引导主语从句；that the
intergenerational...concept为that引导的表语从句，从句中that the Leungs
were so eager for为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词intergenerational
heritage of knowledge。
译文 他们的博客与其他人的博客的不同之处在于，Leung一家人渴望
的代际知识传承被融入了这个理念……
C
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然
（2025·江西南昌二模）
Sound signals are vital for animals deep in the dark oceans to
communicate and search for food. That way of life has been
threatened by increasing human noise. A leading cause is shipping-
noise emissions.
With roughly 90% of traded goods traveling by sea, quieting the
ocean through reductions in shipping is untenable. Efforts to make
ships more efficient and less polluting may also reduce noise. But
experts say those measures won't do enough to restore quiet. So, a
range of technologies are being developed to allow humans and other
animals to coexist in the ocean.
Much of the underwater noise a ship produces comes from its
propeller （螺旋桨）. The low-frequency noise it produces can travel
thousands of metres underwater without losing strength, interrupting
the movements of whales which use these frequencies to communicate.
One solution by researchers at the University of British Columbia
（UBC） makes the metal propeller flexible, allowing its tips to bend
and twist, preventing bubbles from forming and reducing the noise the
propeller produces, says Rajeev of UBC.
More ideas are also on the table. Giovanni, a marine-engineering
researcher, is investigating whether an acoustic （声学的） black hole
can help. Such an object, which aims to trap sound like black holes
trap light, can be built by fixing steel beams to the inside of the ship.
Laboratory tests show this can reduce vibrations like the best available
alternatives, without the added weight or fire risk these often involve.
Tom Smith, a researcher in naval architecture, says that
technological solutions for reducing ocean noise are abundant. What is
missing is a willingness of shipbuilders and owners to use them.
Refitting ships to be quieter is complex and costly, and not seen as a
priority at present.
That may change. Some seaports now offer discounts equal to
thousands of dollars for ships that meet the highest level of noise
reduction. Since the International Maritime Organisation has promised
to reduce carbon emissions from international shipping by 70% by
2040, this may prove a good deal.#1.9
8. What's the harm shipping-noise emissions do to a deep-sea
animal ( )
B
A. Its habitat is polluted by the emissions.
B. Its way of communication is interrupted.
C. It can't find enough neighboring animals.
D. It has to travel a longer distance for food.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sound signals are vital for animals
deep in the dark oceans to communicate and search for food. That
way of life has been threatened by increasing human noise.
（声音信号对于深海动物交流和寻找食物至关重要。这种生活方式受
到了人类噪音增加的威胁。）”可知，船舶噪声排放会干扰深海动物的
交流方式。故选B。
9. What does the underlined word “untenable” in paragraph 2
mean ( )
A
A. Impractical. B. Sensible. C. Irregular. D. Universal.
[解析] 词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“With roughly 90% of traded
goods traveling by sea, quieting the ocean through reductions in
shipping is untenable.”可推测，因为大部分贸易货物都通过海运，所以
通过减少航运来使海洋安静下来是不切实际的，由此可知，untenable
意为“不切实际的”。故选A。
10. What's the difficulty in adopting technological solutions according
to Tom ( )
C
A. The technology isn't reliable to be used.
B. It may do great harm to the environment.
C. It's complicated and adds to the cost of ships.
D. It has drawn criticism from the government.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Refitting ships to be quieter
is complex and costly, and not seen as a priority at present.
（对船舶进行改装以使其更安静是复杂且昂贵的，目前并不被视为优
先事项。）”可知，根据Tom的说法，采用技术解决方案的困难是它很
复杂，并增加了船的成本。故选C。
11. What is the main idea of the passage ( )
D
A. The importance of sound signals in the ocean.
B. The role of shipping in global trade and its environmental impact.
C. The challenges faced by marine engineers in reducing noise
pollution.
D. The impact of shipping noise on marine life and the potential
solutions.
[解析] 主旨大意题。第一段引出船舶噪声对海洋生物的影响，接下来
的内容讲述了人们为了减少船舶噪声所做出的努力，以及潜在的解决
方案，由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是船舶噪声对海洋生物的影响及潜
在的解决方案。故选D。
词汇积累
1.emission（e+miss+ion） （派） n.排放；排放物，散发物
2.untenable（un+ten+able）（派） adj.（论据等）站不住脚的；不能维
持的
3.on the table正在讨论中（熟词生义）
4.abundant（abund+ant）（派） adj.大量的，丰富的，充足的
5.priority（prior+ity）（派） n.优先事项，最重要的事；优先权
6.discount（dis+count）（派） n.减价，折扣
长难句解读
原句 One solution by researchers at the University of British
Columbia（UBC） makes the metal propeller flexible, allowing its tips
to bend and twist, preventing bubbles from forming and reducing the
noise the propeller produces, says Rajeev of UBC.
分析 本句为简单句，是主谓宾结构，allowing...produces包含三个并列
现在分词（allowing、preventing、reducing）短语作结果状语，说明螺
旋桨的效果。
译文 不列颠哥伦比亚大学的Rajeev说道，不列颠哥伦比亚大学（UBC）
的研究人员提出了一种解决方案，该方案使金属螺旋桨具有柔韧性，
使其叶梢能够弯曲和扭转，防止气泡的形成，并降低螺旋桨产生的噪音。
D
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·广东联考）
The idea that we need to eat meat to get enough protein and
iron, a false assumption of some Paleo diet advocates, is a common
misconception. It ignores the abundance of protein and iron in many
plant-based foods such as nuts and seeds. Likewise, while we typically
associate omega-3 fatty acids with fish, fish themselves incorporate
these into their tissue by eating seaweed, which we can consume
directly without the concerns of exposure to microplastics in fish
flesh.
Evidently, significantly reducing our consumption of meat would
carry vast benefits. Cardiovascular（心血管的） disease remains the
leading cause of death around the world. Eating highly processed
foods and red meat has been repeatedly demonstrated to promote
underlying mechanisms of cancer and cardiovascular disease, such as
inflammation （炎症） and damage to the lining of blood vessels. In
addition to harming ourselves, eating meat harms others. Factory
farming practices often imply unspeakable cruelty to animals, and
working conditions for human laborers are often unsafe and inhumane
as well. Overcrowding of livestock and workers promotes the spread
of disease among both people and animals, putting us all at risk of
future pandemics. The overuse of “routine” antibiotics（抗生素） to
accelerate animal growth and precariously treat the infections
anticipated as a result of living in unclean and overcrowded conditions
can promote antibiotic resistance.
While large-scale, well-organized national and international action
is undoubtedly needed to fight unscrupulous（无道德原则的） factory
farming practices, and to ensure the availability of nutritious and
healthy food for all citizens, those with greater influence, such as
physicians, educators and policy makers, should consider the
importance of acting as role models for healthy behaviors themselves
as well as advocating for policies that ensure better nutritional access
and education for others.
All of these should not be excuses for individuals to resist
carrying out change in their own lives and communities. Societies
change when enough individuals within them alter their behavior, and
it is up to each of us to act as a change agent in whatever capacity
we can. We would all be well served to adopt this means in our own
lives as well.#1.6
12. What challenges a common belief about meat consumption ( )
B
A. Microplastics make fish a poor omega-3 source.
B. Meat is not essential for obtaining key nutrients.
C. Nuts and seeds lack sufficient nutrients to replace meat.
D. Plant-based foods cannot provide enough protein and iron.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The idea that...It ignores the
abundance of protein and iron in many plant-based foods such as nuts
and seeds.”可知，人们普遍认为肉类是获得主要营养物质所必需的食物，
但这是一种误解，实际上许多植物性食物中也含有丰富的蛋白质和铁，
所以肉类并不是获取关键营养物质的必需品。故选B。
13. What can be implied from factory farming practices ( )
B
A. They are technologically advanced.
B. They are morally questionable.
C. They are environmentally unfriendly.
D. They are economically efficient.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Factory farming practices often
imply unspeakable cruelty to animals, and working conditions for
human laborers are often unsafe and inhumane as well.（工厂化养殖
业的做法往往意味着对动物难以形容的残酷，而人类劳工的工作条件
往往不安全也不人道）”可知，工厂化养殖业的做法暗示了他们有违道
德标准，在道德上令人质疑。故选B。
14. What does the author emphasize about societal change ( )
C
A. Governments must lead policy reforms.
B. International action will solve challenges.
C. Individuals should initiate behavioral shifts.
D. Role models must play a vital role in education.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“所有这些都不应该成为个人拒绝
在自己的生活和社区中进行变革的借口。当社会中有足够多的人改变
他们的行为时，社会就会改变，我们每个人都应该尽我们所能成为变
革的推动者。”可知，作者强调了每个人都应该开始改变自己的行为，
尽自己所能推动社会变革。故选C。
15. Which best describes the article's structure ( )
D
A. Comparative study. B. Time order.
C. Cause-effect. D. Problem-solution.
[解析] 推理判断题。文章第一段提出了人们对于吃肉才能获取关键营
养物质的误解的问题；第二段分析了食用加工食品和红肉的危害，指
出了现存的问题；第三段和最后一段提出了解决办法，国家和个人都
应该采取行动促进社会变革。故本文结构是先提出问题，再指出解决
办法。故选D。
词汇积累
1.advocate（ad+voc+ate）（派） v.拥护，提倡
2.consumption（consume+tion）（派） n.食用；消费，消耗
3.underlying adj.根本的，潜在的；表面下的
4.precariously（pre+cautious+ly）（派） adv.不安全地；不牢靠地
5.availability（available+ility）（派） n.可用性，可得性
6.initiate v.开始实施，发起；使了解
长难句解读
原句 While large-scale, well-organized national and international action
is undoubtedly needed to fight unscrupulous factory farming practices,
and to ensure the availability of nutritious and healthy food for all
citizens, those with greater influence, such as physicians, educators and
policy makers, should consider the importance of acting as role
models for healthy behaviors themselves as well as advocating for
policies that ensure better nutritional access and education for others.
分析 本句为主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句，第二个and连接并
列的状语to fight和to ensure。主句为主谓宾结构，主语为those with
greater influence,谓语为should consider,后面是宾语。that引导定语从句，
先行词为policies，关系词在从句中作主语。
译文 虽然毫无疑问需要大规模、组织良好的国家和国际行动来打击肆
无忌惮的工厂化养殖做法，并确保所有公民都能获得营养和健康的食
物，但那些有更大影响力的人，如医生、教育工作者和政策制定者，
应该考虑到自己作为健康行为榜样的重要性，以及倡导确保他人获得
更好营养和教育的政策。(共55张PPT)
限时组合练
限时组合练十一（阅读理解4篇）
限时：30分钟
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与自我
（2025·浙江宁波三模）
New year, new you...at least that's the plan, right We all start
January with big intentions, but actually sticking to those shiny New
Year's resolutions is a different story. Luckily, there's an app for
that—actually, there are loads!#1.3
AllTrails
AllTrails is a great exercise app as it encourages you to get out
into nature instead of hitting an overpriced gym. With detailed trail
maps that guide you through numerous outdoor activities, you'll be
working up a sweat in no time while taking advantage of natural
beauty!#1.4.1
Rocket Money
Cutting back on spending is the most popular New Year's
resolution globally every year. This user-friendly app simplifies
everything that comes along with budgeting and expense tracking,
while also helping you manage subscriptions and bills. With features
like automated bill negotiation and credit score monitoring, you can
think of Rocket Money as your personal financial assistant.#1.5.1
Imprint
Want to cut doom-scrolling but not ready to drop your phone
Imprint is here to help. The app takes big ideas from the world's
greatest thinkers and breaks them down into simple, visual snippets
that you can actually remember. Whether you want to master essential
topics, or just have a few fun facts to throw into your conversations,
Imprint makes learning quick and easy!#1.6.1
Duolingo
This language app is really one of the best for sticking to your
goals. From the way it gamifies your progress to the user-friendly
interface, Duolingo makes learning a new language both easy and
enjoyable! There's just one major setback for Hong Kongers: the app
only offers Cantonese lessons for Mandarin speakers, so if you're
hoping to pick up some of the local language, you'll have to look
elsewhere.#1.7.1
1. Which app best suits people who want to effectively manage their
budgets ( )
B
A. AllTrails. B. Rocket Money.
C. Imprint. D. Duolingo.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This user-friendly app simplifies
everything that comes along with budgeting and expense tracking,
while also helping you manage subscriptions and bills.（这款用户友好
的应用程序简化了预算和费用跟踪带来的一切，同时也帮助你管理订
阅和账单）”可知，Rocket Money最适合那些想要有效管理预算的人们。
故选B。
2. What is Duolingo's key limitation for Hong Kong users ( )
C
A. It avoids games in teaching.
B. It lacks a user-friendly interface.
C. It has limited language choices.
D. It requires expensive subscriptions.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“There's just one major setback
for Hong Kongers: the app only offers Cantonese lessons for
Mandarin speakers, so if you're hoping to pick up some of the local
language, you'll have to look elsewhere.（对香港人来说，只有一个主
要的阻碍：这款应用程序只为说普通话的人提供粤语课程，所以如果
你希望学习一些当地语言，你就得去别的地方找了）”可知，Duolingo
对香港用户而言，语言选择较为有限。故选C。
3. What is the shared purpose of the four apps ( )
B
A. To encourage healthy lifestyles.
B. To support self-improvement.
C. To track real-time user progress.
D. To help make new year resolutions.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We all start January with big
intentions, but actually sticking to those shiny New Year's resolutions
is a different story. Luckily, there's an app for that—actually, there are
loads!（新年伊始，我们都有远大的目标，但真正坚持这些闪亮的新年
决心是另一回事。幸运的是，有一个应用程序可以做到这一点——实
际上，有很多！）”可知，这四个应用程序都是帮助人们完成计划、实
现目标的，能够帮助人们实现自我提升和完善。故选B。
词汇积累
1.resolution（resolute+ion）（派） n.决心；坚定，坚决，有决心
2.gamify（game+fy）（派） v.使游戏化
3.interface（inter+face）（派） n.界面
4.setback（set+back）（合） n.挫折；阻碍
5.pick up（不费力地）学会;获得（熟词生义）
长难句解读
原句 This user-friendly app simplifies everything that comes along
with budgeting and expense tracking, while also helping you manage
subscriptions and bills.
分析 本句为主从复合句，主句是主谓宾结构;that引导定语从句，关系
词在从句中作主语，指代everything；while also helping...是状语从句
的省略形式。
译文 这个用户友好的应用程序简化了预算和费用跟踪带来的一切，同
时也帮助你管理订阅和账单。
B
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文 主题语境：人与社会
（2024·河北石家庄期末）
My friend and I recently took an art class together through our
town's community education program. Our classmates were a mix of
ages, stages of life, and experience in making art. We stood out in
the class—not for our artistic talent, but for our consistent
encouragement to ourselves, each other, and the group. It got me
thinking how encouragement had become a routine.
It became something of a joke between the two of us to
compliment（赞美） each other, offer a positive comment when
another student showed his or her work, and generally chat around the
table about how fun our project was going. But reflecting back, our
positivity was anything but a joke. It was a bright light in my week,
a space where I knew I could be surrounded with kindness, gentleness,
and positivity.
Here's the most special thing about it: my friend's and my
positive conversation wasn't just encouraging, it was true. We didn't
go for cheap or false compliments, like “This painting should be in a
museum!” Instead, we went for authentic（真实的） expressions of
support and encouragement, like “I love how you did that cloud!”
Over time, the class became something of a sacred space, because
we had made a habit of using encouraging,supportive language.
Sentence-starters like “I like” “I appreciate” “I want to try” kept us
present, positive, and honest.
The encouragement also kept us engaged in the work of making
art. I feel sure that I learned more—and practiced more at home—
because the activity was shown in such consistently positive terms,
grounded in a growth mindset, self-acceptance, and encouragement.
Having a friend to share an encouragement habit is fantastic, but
you can practice it on your own as pliment yourself in the
mirror every morning. Keep a running “great work” list of things you
are doing well today. Trust in your ability to find something loving
and true to comment today and every day.#1.8
4. What do we know about the author's classmates ( )
D
A. They admired those talented in art.
B. They didn't take art class seriously.
C. They were of the same artistic level.
D. They were on good terms in the class.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段中“We stood out in the class—not for
our artistic talent, but for our consistent encouragement to ourselves,
each other, and the group.”可知，作者和朋友对自己、彼此和团队持续
鼓励；根据第二段中的“It was a bright light in my week, a space
where I knew I could be surrounded with kindness, gentleness, and
positivity.”可知，在这个地方，作者感觉自己能够被善良、温柔和正能
量包围。由此推断，作者班级里的同学们相处得非常好。on good
terms表示“关系好”。故选D。
5. How did the classmates turn their class into a sacred space ( )
D
A. By showing false compliments to others.
B. By decorating their class as a museum.
C. By displaying abstract art works in the class.
D. By offering supportive language around them.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over time, the class became
something of a sacred space, because we had made a habit of using
encouraging, supportive language.”可知，同学们通过鼓励性、支持性语
言把班级变成了一个神圣的地方。故选D。
6. What did the author think of the art project ( )
A
A. It made him hopeful and confident.
B. It needed to provide more practice.
C. It was cheap and easy to carry out.
D. It promoted his communication skills.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“I feel sure that I learned
more—and practiced more at home—because the activity was shown
in such consistently positive terms, grounded in a growth mindset,
self-acceptance, and encouragement.”可知，在作者看来，这项活动是积
极的，以成长的心态、自我接纳和鼓励为基础。由此推断，该活动给
作者带来了积极影响，作者认为这让他充满了希望和信心。故选A。
7. What is the author's purpose of writing the text ( )
C
A. To introduce a community education program.
B. To call for good action to support those in need.
C. To describe how to make encouragement a habit.
D. To comment on the power of authentic expressions.
[解析] 推理判断题。文章首段引出文章话题“It got me thinking how
encouragement had become a routine”，并通过第二段、第三段和第四
段详细叙述过程；最后一段中的“Having a friend to share an
encouragement habit is fantastic, but you can practice it on your own
as well”总结全文，提出建议“分享鼓励或自己练习”。由此推断，作者
写这篇文章就是为了阐述如何让鼓励成为习惯。故选C。
词汇积累
1.stage n.阶段，时期；舞台
2.encouragement n.鼓励，鼓舞
3.anything but根本不，决不
4.gentleness n.温柔；亲切
5.supportive adj.支持的，鼓励的，给予帮助的
6.consistently adv.一贯，始终；一致地
7.on good terms关系好
长难句解读
原句It became something of a joke between the two of us to
compliment each other, offer a positive comment when another student
showed his or her work, and generally chat around the table about
how fun our project was going.
分析本句是主从复合句。 It是形式主语，三个并列的动词不定式短语
to compliment each other, offer a positive comment...和generally chat...
构成真正的主语。第二个动词不定式短语中when another student
showed his or her work 是时间状语从句；第三个动词不定式短语中
how fun our project was going为宾语从句。
译文我们俩之间互相赞美，当另一个学生展示他或她的作品时给予积
极的评价，以及通常围坐在桌子旁谈论我们的项目进行得多么有趣，
这成了我们之间的一个玩笑。
C
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·四川眉山模拟）
Humor plays a great role in helping one deal with stress, anger,
fear, anxiety and other difficult emotions. Sometimes, that means
purposefully shoring up defenses against hard times to come. Other
times it can mean laughing when you want to cry, or cracking an
illogical joke when it feels like the sky is falling and Earth is on
fire.
To psychologists, humor is an unconscious coping mechanism, a
kind of strategic behavior or thought. Not all of these strategies are
beneficial: Drinking or overeating, for example, is a more dangerous
coping mechanism, whereas humor taps creativity into stress, which
can enable a viewpoint shift and block distressing emotions.
And of course, there's the physical reaction of humor: laughter.
With it comes better breathing, muscle relaxation and a higher pain
tolerance. “The stress is there; you just don't feel it as much,” says
psychologist Sultanoff.
Of course, humor isn't foolproof: Making the wrong joke in the
wrong way is just as likely to increase stress and disconnection.
Mean-spirited or disparaging （贬低的） humor actually causes people
to be further apart and increases division.
“Humor can arise during stress without cause or effort to make it.
But humor can also be played consciously,” Sultanoff says, adding
that he sometimes travels with a clown nose to find fun in life's
everyday routine. “Joyful use of humor builds psychological antibodies
（抗体）,” he says.
But taking up the power of humor doesn't mean ignoring the
negatives. The point is not to never feel difficult emotions. “Stress is
there for a reason, and it's to call your attention to a problem that
needs to be solved,” Sultanoff says. “When you experience a negative
emotion like sadness or anger or frustration, it's important to recognize
why that's there.” Turning to humor too soon may prevent someone
from processing emotions in a healthy way, increasing stress rather
than decreasing it. “By expressing humor you give yourself a break.
And we all need a little break,” Sultanoff says.#1.8
8. How is humor helpful as a coping mechanism ( )
C
A. It prevents hard times coming.
B. It means an emotional release.
C. It generates positive mindsets.
D. It inspires artistic creativity.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Drinking or overeating, for
example, is a more dangerous coping mechanism, whereas humor taps
creativity into stress, which can enable a viewpoint shift and block
distressing emotions.（例如，饮酒或暴饮暴食是更危险的应对机制，而
幽默则能够将创造力融入压力之中，这可能会带来观点的转变，并阻
断痛苦的情绪）”可知，幽默可以改变看问题的视角，抑制令人痛苦的
情绪。由此推知，幽默的作用是能树立积极的心态。故选C项。
9. Why does the author talk about laughter ( )
B
A. To correct a misunderstanding.
B. To illustrate an effect of humor.
C. To distinguish humor from it.
D. To warn the danger of stress.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“With it comes better breathing,
muscle relaxation and a higher pain tolerance.（随之而来的是更顺畅
的呼吸、肌肉放松以及更高的疼痛耐受性）”可推知，作者本段谈到
laughter是为了进一步阐述幽默的积极作用。故选B项。
10. Which of the following is called disparaging humor in paragraph
4 ( )
A
A. Making your friend look stupid.
B. Telling a story in a funny way.
C. Wearing clown clothes at a party.
D. Laughing at your own mistakes.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段“当然，幽默并不是万无一失的：用错
误的方式讲错误的笑话，同样可能增加压力和疏离感。带有恶意或贬
低性的幽默实际上会导致人们之间的距离进一步拉大，并加剧分歧”可
推知，“让你的朋友看起来很蠢”是一种贬低性幽默。故选A项。
11. What does Sultanoff think of a difficult emotion ( )
B
A. It's something we should avoid.
B. It's a reminder of our problems.
C. It draws our attention to humor.
D. It gives us a break from routine.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When you experience a
negative emotion like sadness or anger or frustration, it's important to
recognize why that's there.（当你体验到悲伤、愤怒或挫败感等负面情
绪时，重要的是要认识到这些情绪产生的原因）”可推知，Sultanoff认
为，difficult emotions让我们认识到我们的问题，这就是difficult
emotions的价值。故选B项。
词汇积累
1.shore up支持；支撑
2.beneficial（benefit+cial）（派） adj.有益的，有利的
3.tolerance n.（痛苦、困难等的）忍受程度，忍耐力；忍受，容忍
4.disconnection（dis+connect+ion）（派） n.断开；分离，切断
5.recognize v.意识到，承认；认识，辨别出
长难句解读
原句Not all of these strategies are beneficial: Drinking or overeating,
for example, is a more dangerous coping mechanism, whereas humor
taps creativity into stress, which can enable a viewpoint shift and
block distressing emotions.
分析本句为主从复合句，主句是主系表结构。冒号用于引出对主句的
具体解释；whereas引导比较状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，
关系代词which指代前文“humor taps creativity into stress”这件事，说
明其作用，which在从句中作主语。
译文并非所有这些策略都是有益的：例如，饮酒或暴饮暴食是更危险
的应对机制，而幽默能将创造力融入压力之中，这可以使观点转变并
阻止痛苦的情绪。
D
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会
（2025·山东济宁二模）
Numerous industries produce larger quantities of wastewater
containing high concentrations of organic substances and inorganic
salts. Discharging the wastewater into the environment is harmful to
the ecosystem and human health. However, the high salt content in
the wastewater poses serious challenges for existing treatment
processes. Researchers at Rice University, in partnership with
Guangdong University of Technology, have developed a
groundbreaking method for it—adopting dialysis （透析） technology
commonly used in medicine.#1.3
The researchers selected commercial ultrafiltration membranes
（超滤膜） which were designed to let salt pass through while
trapping organic substances. They set up a system where salty
wastewater and fresh water flowed in opposite directions on either
side of a special membrane, without needing pumps. Due to the
difference of salt concentrations between wastewater and fresh water,
salt naturally moves into the fresh water while organic substances are
kept back. To test this, they compared the amount of organic material
and salt in the wastewater before and after treatment. The results
showed the system could effectively remove salt without using extra
amounts of fresh water.
One significant advantage of dialysis is its resistance to fouling
（积垢）. Unlike pressure-driven systems, dialysis experiences notably
less buildup of organic materials on the membrane because it doesn't
rely on extra pressure. “This could translate to lower energy
consumption, less maintenance, and fewer membrane replacements,”
said Elimelech, a researcher on the study.
Additionally, with suitable membranes, dialysis can be tailored to
separate various organics, enabling the selective recovery of valuable
resources from the wastewater. In this way, dialysis creates
opportunities for transforming wastewater treatment plants into resource
recovery factories, aligning the principles of a recycling economy.
Overall, while dialysis alone doesn't fully purify wastewater, it
can transform the high-salinity organic wastewater stream into a low-
salinity organic wastewater stream that can be readily treated by
conventional methods, which revolutionizes the treatment of some of
the most challenging industrial wastewater.#1.8
12. What is the major challenge faced by current wastewater
treatment ( )
B
A. The lack of sufficient treatment devices.
B. The high salt percentage in wastewater.
C. The substantial volume of wastewater.
D. The considerable cost of treatment processes.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, the high salt content
in the wastewater poses serious challenges for existing treatment
processes.（然而，废水中的高盐含量给现有的处理过程带来了严峻的
挑战）”可知，当前废水处理面临的主要挑战是废水中的高盐含量。故
选B。
13. What can be learned about the process of dialysing
wastewater ( )
C
A. The membrane transformed salt into organics.
B. The extra pressure contributed to salt transport.
C. The concentration difference played the key role.
D. Liquids on both sides flowed in the same direction.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They set up a system where
salty wastewater and fresh water flowed in opposite directions on
either side of a special membrane, without needing pumps. Due to the
difference of salt concentrations between wastewater and fresh water,
salt naturally moves into the fresh water while organic substances are
kept back.（他们建立了一个系统，在这个系统中，含盐废水和淡水在
一个特殊的膜的两侧以相反的方向流动，不需要泵。由于废水和淡水
之间盐浓度的差异，盐自然地移动到淡水中，而有机物则被保留下
来）”可推知，在处理废水的透析过程中，浓度差起到了关键作用。故
选C。
14. What does the underlined word “aligning” in paragraph 4 probably
mean ( )
A
A. Matching. B. Establishing. C. Adjusting. D. Challenging.
[解析] 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Additionally, with suitable
membranes, dialysis can be tailored to separate various organics,
enabling the selective recovery of valuable resources from the
wastewater. In this way, dialysis creates opportunities for transforming
wastewater treatment plants into resource recovery factories, aligning
the principles of a recycling economy. （此外，使用合适的膜，透析
可以定制以分离各种有机物，能够从废水中选择性地回收有价值的资
源。通过这种方式，透析为将废水处理厂转变为资源回收工厂创造了
机会，与循环经济的原则一致）”可知，透析为将废水处理厂转变为资
源回收工厂创造了机会，这与循环经济的原则是一致的，所以“aligning”
的意思最接近“matching（匹配，相一致）”。故选A。
15. Which of the following can be a suitable title ( )
C
A. Dialysis: A Pioneering Blessing for Medicine
B. Membranes: A Protective Screen for Fresh Water
C. Dialysis: A New Pathway to Wastewater Treatment
D. High-Salinity Wastewater: A Threat to the Environment
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Researchers at Rice University,
in partnership with Guangdong University of Technology, have
developed a groundbreaking method for it—adopting dialysis
technology commonly used in medicine.（莱斯大学的研究人员与广东
工业大学合作，为其开发了一种开创性的方法——采用医学上常用的
透析）”以及后文对该方法的介绍可知，本文主要讲的是透析技术为废
水处理提供了一条新途径。所以最佳标题为“透析：污水处理的新途
径”。故选C。
词汇积累
1.concentration（concentrate+ion）（派） n.浓度（熟词生义）
2.substance n.物质；物品；东西
3.pose v.造成（问题或危险等）
4.effectively（effective+ly）（派） adv.有效地；实际上
5.tailor v.专门制作，定做（熟词生义）
6.sufficient adj.足够的；充足的
长难句解读
原句Overall, while dialysis alone doesn't fully purify wastewater, it
can transform the high-salinity organic wastewater stream into a low-
salinity organic wastewater stream that can be readily treated by
conventional methods, which revolutionizes the treatment of some of
the most challenging industrial wastewater.
分析 本句为主从复合句，主句是主谓宾结构;while引导让步状语从句；
that引导定语从句，修饰先行词low-salinity organic wastewater
stream;which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句。
译文总的来说，虽然透析本身不能完全净化废水，但它可以将高盐度
有机废水流转化为低盐度有机废水流，使其易于通过传统方法处理，
这彻底改变了一些最具挑战性的工业废水的处理。

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