资源简介

1. The Story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi
Yu Boya, a skilled guqin player from Chu, later became an official of Jin. When he played the guqin on a boat after a storm, he saw a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi listening with eyes closed. Suspiciously, Boya questioned how there could be people who understood music in the wild. The woodcutter said, “Don’t be suspicious. I was blocked here by the storm. When I was about to go home, I suddenly heard a guqin sound. I was attracted.”
Boya played another piece, and Ziqi described the feelings in his playing wonderfully. Being surprised, Boya looked on Ziqi as a friend and they talked happily. They found their shared love for music. They became brothers, and Boya named the compositions he played High Mountains and Flowing Water to commemorate their meeting. They agreed to meet again at the next Mid-Autumn Festival.
The following year, Boya came back but learned that Ziqi had passed away. He was quite sad and played the final piece in front of Ziqi’s tomb before breaking his guqin and never played again, because he thought there would be no one understanding his music like Ziqi.
伯牙绝弦
俞伯牙是楚国的古琴能手,后来成为晋国的官员。暴风雨过后,他在一条船上弹奏古琴,看到一个叫钟子期的樵夫正闭着眼睛在听。伯牙疑惑野外怎么会有人懂音乐。樵夫回答说:“不要怀疑。我被暴风雨困在了这里。当我正要回家时,突然听到古琴的声音。我被吸引住了。”
伯牙演奏了另一首曲子,子期把他演奏的情绪描述得很精彩。伯牙很惊讶,就把子期当成了朋友,他们聊得很开心。他们发现彼此都热爱音乐。他们成了兄弟,伯牙将他演奏的乐曲命名为《高山》和《流水》,以纪念他们的相遇。他们约定明年的中秋节再到这里见面。
第二年,伯牙回到了约定的地方,却得知子期已经去世。他很伤心,在子期的墓前弹奏了最后一首乐曲,然后摔碎了他的古琴,再也没有弹过,因为他认为没有人能像子期一样懂他的音乐。
2. Hua Mulan
　　Once upon a time in ancient China, there was a brave girl named Mulan. Her father was too old to fight in the war, so Mulan dressed herself up as a man and joined the army in his place. With courage and skill, she fought bravely for her country, showing that true heroism knows no gender. Mulan became a legend, inspiring everyone with her dedication and bravery.
花木兰
从前,在古代中国,有一个勇敢的女孩,名叫木兰。她的父亲年纪太大,无法进军打仗,所以木兰把自己打扮成一个男人,代替他参军。凭借勇气和技艺,她勇敢地为国而战,证明了真正的英雄主义不分性别。木兰成为了一个传奇,她无私奉献和勇敢无畏的精神鼓舞了所有人。
3. Kong Rong Shared Pears
　　In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a person called Kong Rong. He was very smart ever since he was a little boy. He had five elder brothers and one younger brother.
One day his father bought some pears, picking the largest one and giving it to Kong Rong on purpose. But Kong Rong shook his head and picked up the smallest one.
His dad was very curious and asked, “Why ”
Kong Rong said, “I am younger, so I should eat the smaller pear and brothers should eat the bigger ones. ”
His dad was very happy after hearing his words, but asked again, “What about your little brother who is younger than you ”
Kong Rong said, “I am older than him, so I should leave the bigger one to my little brother. ”
Later, Kong Rong became a great scholar.
孔融让梨
东汉时期,有个名叫孔融的人,从小就非常聪明。孔融有五个哥哥和一个弟弟。
有一天,他的父亲买了一些梨,特意挑了一个最大的给孔融。孔融却摇摇头,挑了一个最小的。
他的父亲很好奇,问道:“为什么呢 ”
孔融说:“我年纪小,所以我应该吃更小的梨,大的梨应该给哥哥们吃。”
父亲听到后很高兴,又问:“那比你还小的弟弟,他怎么办呢 ”
孔融说:“我比弟弟大,我应该把大的留给弟弟吃。”
后来孔融成为了一名伟大的学者。
4. Three Moves by Mencius’ Mother
When Mencius was a child, he lived near a graveyard with his mother. Therefore, he often played near the grave and imitated people’s crying or digging the tombs. When his mother saw this, she said, “It’s not a good place for a child to live in.”
Later, they moved to a house near a market. At the market, Mencius learned to sell things and welcome people. He found it interesting and played again and again. His mother thought this place was still not good for a child to live in. She decided to move away again.
This time they moved to a house near a school. Mencius became interested in reading and studying. Mencius’ mother said, “This is the right place for a child to live in.” Mencius studied hard and became a great thinker in China.
孟母三迁
孟子小的时候和母亲住在墓地附近。因此,他经常在坟墓旁玩耍,模仿人们哭泣或挖坟墓。当孟母看到这一幕时,她说:“这地方不适合孩子居住。”
不久后,他们把家搬到了集市附近。在集市上,孟子学会了卖东西和招呼客人。他觉得很有趣,反反复复地玩。孟母认为这个地方还是不适合孩子居住。她决定再次搬家。
这次他们搬到了一所学堂附近。孟子开始对读书和学习感兴趣。孟母说:“这才是适合孩子居住的地方。”孟子刻苦学习,成为了中国伟大的思想家。
5. Fall Behind Sun Shan
During the Song Dynasty, there was a talented man named Sun Shan. He was not only humorous but also good at joking, so he was nicknamed “Funny Genius”.
Once Sun Shan went to the capital city to take the imperial examination with a fellow villager’s son.When the list of successful candidates was posted up, Sun Shan found his name at the end of the list. But his fellow villager’s son failed in the examination. He returned to his home town soon. The fellow villager came to ask him whether his son had also passed. Sun Shan found it difficult to tell him the truth directly. So he said, “Sun Shan was the last on the list. And your son came after Sun Shan.”
Later, people used this idiom to indicate failing in an examination or competition.
名落孙山
宋朝的时候,有一个名叫孙山的才子,他为人不但幽默风趣,而且擅长说笑话,所以大家给他起了个“滑稽才子”的绰号。
有一次,孙山和一个老乡的儿子一同到京城参加科举考试。放榜的时候,孙山在名单最后找到了自己的名字,而他老乡的儿子却落榜了。不久,他回到家乡。那个老乡来问他的儿子是不是也考上了。孙山觉得不好意思直接告诉他实情,于是他回答:“孙山排在最后一位。您的儿子在孙山的后面。”
后来人们用“名落孙山”来比喻考试没过或者选拔未被录取。
6. Chinese Characters
Chinese characters, known as Hanzi, date back to over 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. These characters are made up of strokes, including basic ones like dots, horizontal and vertical strokes, and more complex ones like hooks. Each Hanzi has its own meaning and sound. These characters are not just a way to write the Chinese language but also an art form that is necessary to Chinese culture. Hanzi helps to convey not only words but also deeper cultural meanings and expressions.
汉字
中国文字,也被称为“汉字”,可追溯到3000多年前的商朝。这些字符由笔画组成,包括点、横、竖等基本笔画,以及较复杂的如钩等笔画。每个汉字都有自己的意义和发音。这些字符不仅是书写中文的方式,还是中国文化中不可或缺的艺术形式。汉字不仅传达了文字,还传达了更深层次的文化意义和表达。
7. Three-Character Classic
The Three-Character Classic or Sanzijing is a cherished Chinese text. It’s written in a simple way that makes it easy to read and remember. Each line has just three characters, but they tell us about history, morals, and how to be a good person. This classic is often the first book that children in China learn from. It’s like a guide for life that teaches respect for parents and teachers, the importance of learning, and the stories of great people from the past. The Three-Character Classic is more than a book; it’s a key that opens the door to Chinese culture and wisdom.
三字经
《三字经》是一部深受珍视的中国典籍。它的写作方式简单,便于阅读和记忆。每一行只有三个字,但它们讲述了历史、道德以及如何成为一个正直的人。这部名著通常是中国儿童的启蒙书籍。它就像人生指南,教导我们尊重父母和老师,告诉我们学习的重要性,给我们讲述过去伟人的故事。《三字经》不仅仅是一本书,它更是打开中国文化和智慧之门的钥匙。
8. Weiqi
Chinese Go, also known as Weiqi, is a strategic board game that started in China over 4,000 years ago. It is played on a grid with black and white stones. The goal is to surround more territory than your opponent. Weiqi is not just a game; it represents ancient Chinese philosophy and teaches patience, strategy, and respect. It is popular all over the world and loved by many players for its deep thinking and simple beauty.
围棋
中国围棋,也称为“围棋”,是一种起源于4000多年前的中国的战略棋盘游戏。它是在一个带有黑白棋子的格子上进行的,目标是比对手包围更多的领地。围棋不只是游戏,它代表了中国古代的哲学思想,教授了耐心、策略和尊重。围棋风靡全球,因其深刻的思考和简洁的美丽深受许多人喜爱。
9. Cuju
Cuju is an ancient Chinese game that is similar to modern soccer and is thought to be one of the earliest forms of the sport. It started during the Han Dynasty, around 2,300 years ago. In Cuju, players kick a ball through an opening into a small net without using their hands. The game was used to train soldiers at first but later became a popular activity for enjoyment. It helped players improve their foot skills and teamwork. Today, Cuju is thought as an important part of China’s rich cultural heritage.
蹴鞠
蹴鞠是一种古老的中国游戏,与现代足球类似,被认为是这项运动最早的形式之一。它起源于约2300年前的汉朝。在蹴鞠中,玩家需踢球穿过一个开口进入一个小网,游戏过程中不能使用手。这个游戏最初用于训练士兵,后来变成了一项流行的娱乐活动。它帮助玩家提高了脚部技巧和团队协作能力。如今,蹴鞠被视为中国丰富的文化遗产的一个重要组成部分。
10. Hot Pot
In China, hot pot is not just a dish, but a celebration of culture. In the steaming pot, all kinds of fresh food like slices of meat, vegetables, and tofu dance in the boiling soup. People sit around, eating and chatting, enjoying the warmth and happiness that the food brings. Hot pot is a symbol of reunion and joy in Chinese cuisine.
火锅
在中国,火锅不仅仅是一道菜,更是一种文化的庆祝。在热气腾腾的锅里,各种各样的新鲜食物,如肉片、蔬菜和豆腐,在沸腾的汤里跳舞。人们围坐在一起,边吃边聊,享受着食物带来的温暖和快乐。火锅是中国美食中团圆和喜悦的象征。
11. Dragon Head-Raising Day
Dragon Head-Raising Day, also known as Longtaitou, is a traditional Chinese festival. It usually falls on the second day of the second lunar month.
People believe that on this day, dragons wake up from their winter sleep and bring spring rains to nourish the earth. It’s a time for haircuts, as it’s said to bring good luck and energy. Families get together to eat special foods like spring rolls and dumplings, hoping for a rich and successful year ahead. It’s a day full of joy and the promise of new beginnings.
龙抬头
“龙抬头”是中国的一个传统节日,通常在农历二月的第二天。
人们相信,在这一天,龙结束冬眠苏醒过来,带来春雨滋润大地。这是理发的好时机,据说这能带来好运和活力。家人们聚在一起吃特别的食物,如春卷和饺子,希望新的一年繁荣昌盛。这是一个充满欢乐的日子,预示着新的开始。
12. Lantern Riddles
Chinese lantern riddles are a fun part of the Lantern Festival, which started over 2,000 years ago during the Han Dynasty.
These riddles are written on colourful lanterns, and people try to solve them. They usually include wordplay and need knowledge of Chinese characters, history, and culture. Solving these riddles is not only interesting but also educational, as it helps improve problem-solving skills and teaches about Chinese traditions. Lantern riddles bring joy and laughter to the celebrations.
灯谜
中国灯谜是元宵节一个有趣的部分。元宵节起源于2000多年前的汉朝。
这些谜语写在彩色的灯笼上,人们尝试解答它们。灯谜通常涉及文字游戏,需要对汉字、历史和文化有所了解。解答这些灯谜不仅有趣,而且具有教育意义,因为它有助于提高解决问题的能力,并且传播了中国传统文化。灯谜给节日庆典带来了欢乐和笑声。
13. Argy wormwood
Every year, when the Dragon Boat Festival comes, Chinese people often put a kind of plant on the door. It is called argy wormwood. Argy wormwood tastes bad but smells very good. People believe that argy wormwood can drive out bad luck. And its special smell can also keep insects away from rooms.
Argy wormwood is famous because it can treat a lot of illnesses. Hundreds of years ago, Chinese people began to use argy wormwood as a kind of medicine. So we can see it in Compendium of Materia Medica (Ben Cao Gang Mu). This is a book about Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The writer of the book is Li Shizhen. He was a very famous TCM expert during the Ming Dynasty.
Nowadays argy wormwood is known around the world as a kind of traditional Chinese medicine.
艾　草
每年,当端午节到来的时候,中国人经常在门上放一种植物。它被称为艾草。艾草尝起来味道不好,但却很好闻。人们相信艾草可以驱除厄运。它的特殊气味还可以防止昆虫进入房间。
艾草因其可以治疗许多疾病而闻名。几百年前,中国人开始把艾草当作一种药材使用。所以我们可以在《本草纲目》中看到它。这是一本关于中医药的书。这本书的作者是李时珍。他是明代一位非常著名的中医专家。
现今艾草作为一种传统中药闻名于世。
e out of nowhere
It had been three years since King Zhuang of Chu became the king, but he didn’t do anything special for the country. All the officials of the country couldn’t understand what the matter was.
One day, an official quietly asked the King Zhang of Chu, “Your Majesty, I heard that in the south, there was a big bird living in the hills. Three years passed, and it didn’t fly or cry. Could Your Majesty tell me why ”
King Zhuang of Chu smiled and answered, “It didn’t use its wings to fly for three years to grow up; It didn’t cry for three years to carefully watch the condition of the people in the world. This bird, once it flies, it will fly high into the sky; once it cries, it will surprise the world with only one cry.”
Another half a year later, King Zhuang of Chu began to work hard. He broke ten old rules, made nine new rules, killed five officials for their bad work and promoted six people with real talents.
From then on, the State of Chu became stronger and stronger.
　
一鸣惊人
楚庄王即位已经三年了,但他没有任何作为。所有的官员都不明白这是怎么回事。
一天,一位官员悄悄地问楚庄王:“大王,我听说南方的山上住着一只大鸟。三年过去了,它既不飞也不鸣。陛下能告诉我为什么吗 ”
楚庄王笑着回答说:“三年不展翅飞翔是为了让羽翼长得更加丰满,三年不鸣是在细心观察天下的民情。这只鸟,不飞则已,一飞冲天;不鸣则已,一鸣惊人。”
又过了半年,楚庄王开始勤于政事。他打破了十项旧规,制定了九项新规,处死了五名不称职的官员,提拔了六名真正有才能的人。
从此,楚国变得越来越强大。1.Four great books
Cao Xueqin wrote The Story of the Stone. He lived in the Qing dynasty. The book is one of the greatest works of Chinese novels. It describes the fall of a noble family and the love stories of some young people. Wang Fulin turned it into a TV series which was first released in 1987.
曹雪芹创作了《红楼梦》。其生活于清朝。此书成为中国小说中最伟大的作品之一。它描述了一个贵族家庭的衰落和一些年轻人的爱情故事。王扶林把它改编成电视连续剧,于1987年首次发行。
Romance of the Three Kingdoms was written by Luo Guanzhong. It tells the story of the late Eastern Han dynasty. Liu Bei, Cao Cao and Sun Quan have become famous names among Chinese people. It was made into a TV series and first aired in 1994.
《三国演义》由罗贯中所著。它讲述了东汉末年的故事。刘备、曹操和孙权的名字已经广为中国人所知。它被制作成电视连续剧,并于1994年首次播出。
The Water Margin tells the history of the Northern Song dynasty. The book was written by Shi Nai’an. For different reasons, a group of people went to Mount Liang, fighting against the authority. Zhang Shaolin made it into a TV series and put it on the big screen in 1998.
《水浒传》讲述了北宋的历史。此书由施耐庵所著。出于不同的原因,一群人来到梁山,对抗朝廷。张绍林把它拍成电视连续剧并于1998年搬上大屏幕。
Wu Cheng’en completed Journey to the West in the Ming dynasty. The book introduces the amazing experience of Xuanzang and his three disciples in the Tang dynasty. On the way to the West, they helped each other to win every battle. Director Yang Jie made it into a TV series and released it in 1987.
吴承恩在明朝完成《西游记》。此书介绍了唐代玄奘和他的三个徒弟的惊人经历。在去西方的路上,他们互相帮助,赢得了每一场战斗。导演杨洁把它拍成了电视连续剧,于1987年发行。
2.Chinese knots
Chinese knots are very important in Chinese culture. They began as a form of traditional art in the Tang and Song dynasties in China. They started to become popular in the Ming dynasty. Not long ago, they found their way to Japan and other Southeast Asian countries, and were well received there. Now they are thought as one of the symbols of Chinese culture.
中国结在中国文化中非常重要。它们在中国唐宋时期开始作为一种传统的艺术形式,在明代开始流行起来。不久,它们传到日本和其他东南亚国家,在那里很受欢迎。现在它们被认为是中国文化的象征之一。
The Chinese word for knot is jie, which means “connection”. The pronunciation of jie is very close to that of ji, which means “good luck”. As a result, Chinese knots are used to express good wishes for happiness, love and good luck. They have different sizes. Small ones are connected to clothes and gifts. Whether large or small, they are named after their shapes and uses. For example, Double Coin Knots are called shuangqian jie, because they are in the shape of two ancient Chinese coins. They mean “Good things come pairs”. Besides, Chinese knots are famous for their bright colors. Different colors have different traditional cultural meanings. Red means “good luck and happiness”; green means “health”; and yellow means “wealth”.
“knot”对应的汉字是“结”,意为“连接”。“结”的发音与“吉”的发音非常接近,意为“好运”。因此,中国结被用来表达对幸福、爱情和好运的美好祝愿。它们有不同的尺寸。小的与衣服和礼物有关。不管大的还是小的,都是根据它们的形状和用途来命名的。例如,双钱结是两个中国古代硬币的形状。它们的寓意是“好事成双”。此外,中国结以其鲜艳的颜色而闻名。不同的颜色有不同的传统文化内涵。红色代表“好运和幸福”,绿色代表“健康”,黄色代表“财富”。
All in all, Chinese knots fully show Chinese culture. These brightly colored knots also mean that people on the earth share a common future.
总之,中国结充分展示了中国文化。这些色彩鲜艳的结也意味着地球人享有共同的未来。
3.The Silk Road
Most of us have heard of the Silk Road. It provided chances for trade between the West and the East centuries ago.
我们大多数人都听说过丝绸之路。几个世纪前,它为东西方之间的贸易提供了机会。
Traveling along the Silk Road was challenging in the past. The roads passed through many different countries. There was also the risk of meeting robbers on the way. But even though there were dangers, many goods were sent in both directions.
在过去,沿着丝绸之路旅行非常具有挑战性。这些路穿过许多不同的国家。在路上还有遇到强盗的危险。但即使有危险,许多货物还是得以双向运送。
From Marco Polo’s writings, we know clearly some of the goods that businessmen traded from country to country. Chinese silk was the most well-known and gave the road its name, but there were many more. From the East to the West, trade included tea, rice, paper, gunpowder and so on. From the West to the East, some examples are horses, honey and glass.
从马可波罗的著作中,我们清楚地了解到一些商品,它们由商人从一个国家带到另一个国家进行贸易。中国丝绸最负盛名,并使得这条路命名为“丝绸之路”,但还有更多的商品。从东方到西方,贸易包括茶叶、大米、纸张和火药等。从西方到东方,马、蜂蜜和玻璃就是一些实例。
The exchange of goods was of course very important, and the arrival in the West of paper and gunpowder had a big influence on life there. But more than goods, the Silk Road was also responsible for exchanging and sharing our culture with people of all of the places along the roads.
商品交换当然是非常重要的,纸张和火药到达西方后,对那里的生活产生了很大影响。但丝绸之路不仅仅交换商品,它还与沿途的所有地方的人们交流和分享我们的文化。
Till today, the Silk Road has not disappeared. Travelers from around the world take tours to different places to experience the different cultures along the Silk Road.
直到今天,丝绸之路依然存在。来自世界各地的旅行者游览不同的地方,体验丝绸之路沿线的不同文化。
4.Four games in old times
In old times, people didn’t have smartphones or computers to use for fun. Still, they had interesting games to play. Let’s take a look.
在过去,人们没有智能手机或电脑用来娱乐。不过他们还是有有趣的游戏可玩。我们来看一看吧。
Kites have quite a long history. In the old story, Mo Di made the first kite. People first used kites to send messages. In the Song dynasty, kites got very popular with people. Now, Beijing, Tianjin, Nantong and Weifang are the four most famous places of making kites.
风筝拥有悠久的历史。在古老的故事里,墨翟做了第一只风筝。人们最初用风筝来传递信息。在宋代,风筝非常受人们的欢迎。现在,北京、天津、南通和潍坊是制作风筝的四个最著名的地方。
Cuju is old Chinese soccer. The name “Cuju” first came out in the book Records of the Historian by Sima Qian. At first, soldiers played the game as training. In the Song dynasty, the game was all the rage at the time. People across the country loved playing it. Women also played the game.
蹴鞠是古老的中国式足球。“蹴鞠”一词最早出现在司马迁的《史记》中。起初,士兵们把这个游戏当作训练。在宋代,这个游戏风靡一时。全国各地的人们都喜欢玩这个游戏。女子也玩这个游戏。
Chuiwan is a ball game. It is a bit like golf. The game got popular in the Song dynasty. It was still popular in the Yuan dynasty and the Ming dynasty. Someone in the Yuan dynasty even wrote a book called Wan Jing for the game. However, the game got less popular in the Qing dynasty.
捶丸是一种球类运动。它有点类似于高尔夫。这种游戏在宋代流行起来。在元代和明代仍然流行。元代甚至有人为这个游戏写了一本名叫《丸经》的书。然而,这个游戏在清代就不那么流行了。
Go, or Weiqi, is a game for two players. It has a history of more than 4,000 years. In the old story, Yao made the game to teach his son. People in old times thought it was a game for gentlemen.
围棋是一种两人对弈的游戏。它有四千多年的历史。在古老的故事里,尧发明这个游戏是为了教导他的儿子。过去人们认为这是文人绅士的游戏。
5.Yue Opera
Yue Opera is also called Shaoxing Opera. Just like Huangmei Opera, Ping Opera, Peking Opera and Yu Opera, it is one of the five operas in China. It is also one of the first national intangible cultural heritages. Yue Opera appeared in Sheng County, Zhejiang Province in the Qing dynasty, and then it became famous in Shanghai in the 1920s.
越剧也称绍兴戏。它与黄梅戏、评剧、京剧、豫剧一样,是中国五大戏曲剧种之一。它也是第一批国家级非物质文化遗产之一。在清朝期间,越剧起源于浙江嵊州,20世纪20年代在上海成名。
Yue Opera is famous for sweet singing, moving music and lively performances. The main subjects of Yue Opera are stories about excellent gentlemen and beautiful ladies. And main instruments are erhu and some other traditional Chinese instruments.
越剧以委婉动听的唱腔、优美动人的乐曲和真切细腻的表演而闻名。越剧的主题是才子佳人的故事。主要乐器有二胡和其他一些中国传统乐器。
Yue Opera was first performed by male farmer artists in the countryside. Later, it became a popular performance in cities. The first female troupe of Yue Opera appeared in 1923, and then female performers took the place of the males. Now, almost all performers are females. A most famous performer of Yue Opera is Yuan Xuefen. One of her classics is Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai.
越剧最初是由农村的男性农民艺人表演。后来,它成为城市里一种流行的表演。第一个越剧女班于1923年出现,随后女班取代男班。现在,几乎所有的表演者都是女性。袁雪芬是一位非常著名的越剧演员。《梁山伯与祝英台》是她的经典作品之一。
6.A famous story
Confucius was one of the greatest educationists in ancient China. His son Kong Li used to study together with his students.
孔子是中国古代最伟大的教育家之一。他的儿子孔鲤过去常和他的学生一起学习。
Some of the students said in private, “Our teacher must care about Kong Li more than us and teach him more knowledge which we don’t have chances to learn.” To confirm their guess, one student named Ziqin went to ask Kong Li, “You must have learned more than us from our teacher, haven’t you ”
一些学生私下里说: “我们的老师关心孔鲤一定比关心我们多,并教他更多我们没有机会学习的知识。”为了证实他们的猜测,一个名叫子禽的学生去问孔鲤,“你一定比我们从老师那里学到了更多,不是吗 ”
Kong Li replied honestly, “No, I haven’t. My father once asked me whether I had learned The Book of Songs. He told me that my speech wouldn’t be lively without learning it. From then on, I began to study The Book of Songs. Another time, he asked me whether I had learned The Book of Rites and said that I couldn’t establish myself in society without learning it. So I began to study it. These are the two things he has taught me.”
孔鲤老老实实地回答: “没有。我父亲曾问我是否学过《诗经》。他告诉我,不学《诗经》,就不懂得怎么说话。从那时起,我就开始学习《诗经》。还有一次,他问我是否学过《礼记》 ,说我不学习《礼记》就不懂得怎样立身。所以我开始学习它。这是他教给我的两件事。”
Ziqin cheerfully returned and told the others, “I asked Kong Li only one question. However, I got as many as three results! Firstly, I know the importance of learning The Book of Songs. Secondly, I know the value of learning The Book of Rites. As for the third… Now I know that our teacher is treating us the same way as he treats his son.”
子禽高高兴兴地回来告诉其他人: “我只问了孔鲤一个问题。然而,我获得了多达三个结果!首先,我知道了学习《诗经》的重要性。其次,我知道了学习《礼记》的价值。至于第三个……现在我知道,我们的老师对待我们,就像他对待他的儿子一样。”
From then on, the students no longer misunderstood Confucius, and they studied really hard.
从那时起,学生们不再误解孔子,并且他们很努力地学习。名言名句
1．Great hopes make great man.
伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。
2．Habit is a second nature.
习惯成自然。
3．All roads lead to Rome.
条条大路通罗马。
4．Art is long，but life is short.
人生有限，学问无涯。
5．Stick to it，and you'll succeed.
只要人有恒，万事都能成。
6．You can't make something out of nothing.
巧妇难为无米之炊。
7．A good medicine tastes bitter.
良药苦口。
8．It is good to learn at another man's cost.
前车可鉴。
9．Keeping is harder than winning.
创业不易，守业更难。
10．Let's cross the bridge when we come to it.
船到桥头自然直。
11．A little of everything is nothing in the main.
每事浅尝辄止，事事都告无成。
12．No pains，no gains.
不劳则无获。
13．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
世上无难事，只要肯登攀。
14．Where there is life，there is hope.
生命不息，希望常在。
15．Easier said than done.
说起来容易做起来难。
16．Learn to walk before you run.
循序渐进。
17．Treat other people as you hope they will treat you.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
18．God helps those who help themselves.
自助者，天助之。
19．What may be done at any time will be done at no time.
明日待明日，明日不再来。
20．He who has health has hope，and he who has hope has everything.
有健康就有希望，有希望就有一切。
21．Diligence is the mother of success.
勤奋是成功之母。
22．Truth is the daughter of time.
时间见真理。
23．Nothing succeeds like success.
一事如意，万事顺利。
24．No man is wise at all times.
智者千虑，必有一失。
25．Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
今日事，今日毕。
26．Live and learn.
活到老，学到老。
27．Kill two birds with one stone.
一石双鸟。
28．It never rains but it pours.
祸不单行。
29．In doing we learn.
实干长见识。
30．Nothing for nothing.
不费力气，一无所得。
31．Of nothing comes nothing.
无中不能生有。
32．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
不犯错误者一事无成。
33．As the tree，so the fruit.
种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。
34．To live is to learn，to learn is to better live.
活着为了学习，学习为了更好地活着。
35．Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
36．A man is known by the company he keeps.
察其友，知其人。
37．Every coin has two sides.
凡事皆有好坏。
38．Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.
不要自找麻烦。
39．Nothing seek，nothing find.
无所求则无所获。
40．There is no royal road to learning.
学问无坦途。
41．Look before you leap.First think，then act.
三思而后行。
42．It's never too late to mend.
亡羊补牢，犹为未晚。
43．Light come，light go.
来得容易，去得快。
44．Time is money.
时间就是金钱。
45．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难见真情。
46．Better say nothing than nothing to the purpose.
话不中肯，不如不说。
47．Reading makes a full man.
读书长见识。
48．He who laughs last laughs best.
谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
49．Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
50．Seeing is believing.
百闻不如一见。
51．The world is but a little place，after all.
海内存知己，天涯若比邻。
52．A great ship asks for deep waters.
大船要走深水。
53．Nothing so bad but might be a blessing.
塞翁失马，焉知非福。
54．Time is life.
时间就是生命。
55．No man is born wise or learned.
人非生而知之者。
56．Facts speak louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩。
57．One boy is a boy，two boys half a boy，three boys no boy.
一个和尚挑水喝，两个和尚抬水喝，三个和尚没水喝。
58．Many hands make light work.
人多好办事。
59．The best horse needs breeding，and the aptest child needs teaching.
最好的马要驯，最伶俐的孩子要教。
60．Learn young，learn fair.
学习趁年轻，学就要学好。
61．Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.
胸中有知识，胜于手中有金钱。
62．Once bitten，twice shy.
一次被咬，下次胆小。
63．Sound in body，sound in mind.
有健全的身体才有健全的精神。
64．No one can call back yesterday.
昨日不会重现。
65．Money is a good servant but a bad master.
要做金钱的主人，莫做金钱的奴隶。
66．It's hard sailing when there is no wind.
无风难驶船。
67．The path to glory is always rugged.
通向光荣的道路常常是崎岖的。
68．Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。
69．Quality matters more than quantity.
质重于量。
70．The on-looker sees most of the game.
旁观者清。
71．No rose without a thorn.
没有不带刺的玫瑰。
72．Joys shared with others are more enjoyed.
与众同乐，其乐更乐。
73．Happiness takes no account of time.
欢乐不觉日子长。
74．Not to advance is to go back.
不进则退。
75．If you want knowledge，you must toil for it.
若要求知，必须刻苦。
76．Knowing something of everything，and everything of something.
通百艺而专一长。
77．From words to deeds is a great space.
言行之间，大有距离。
78．Time flies.
光阴似箭。
79．A miss is as good as a mile.
失之毫厘，差之千里。
80．Lifeless，faultless.
只有死人才不会犯错误。
81．A book is the same today as it always was and it will never change.
好书千载常如新。
82．One false move may lose the game.
一着不慎，满盘皆输。
83．A book that remains shut is but a block.
书本不常翻，犹如一块砖。
84．It's not the gay coat that makes the gentleman.
君子在德不在衣。
85．United we stand，divided we fall.
合即立，分即垮。
86．Birth is much，but breeding is more.
出身固然重要，教养更为重要。
87．Nothing venture，nothing have.
不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
88．Love me，love my dog.
爱屋及乌。
89．Make your enemy your friend.
化敌为友。
90．A plant may produce new flowers；man is young but once.
花有重开日，人无再少年。
91．More haste，less speed.
欲速则不达。
92．Many heads are better than one.
三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。
93．Many things grow in the garden that were never sown there.
有意栽花花不发，无心插柳柳成荫。
94．Money isn't everything.
钱不是万能的。
95．One never loses anything by politeness.
讲礼貌不吃亏。
96．Never fish in troubled water.
不要浑水摸鱼。
97．Never say die.
永不言败。
98．Never too old to learn，never too late to turn.
学习不厌老，改过不嫌迟。
99．One's words reflect one's thinking.
言为心声。
100．No cross，no crown.
不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。
101．There is no garden without its weeds.
没有不长杂草的花园。
102．No living man all things can.
世上没有万事通。
103．No man can do two things at once.
一心不可二用。
104．One minute on the stage needs ten years practice off stage.
台上一分钟，台下十年功。
105.Rome was not built in a day.
冰冻三尺非一日之寒。
106．None are so blind as those who won't see.
视而不见。
107．No news is good news.
没有消息就是好消息。
108．Dogs wave their tails not so much in，love to you as your bread.
狗摇尾巴，爱的是你的面包。
109．No pleasure without pain.
没有苦就没有乐。
110．Wisdom is a good purchase though we pay dear for it.
为了求知识，代价虽高也值得。
111．No sweet without sweat.
先苦后甜。
112．The water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up.
水能载舟，亦能覆舟。
113．Nothing is to be got without pains but poverty.
世上唯有贫穷可以不劳而获。
114．Time and tide waits for no man.
岁月不等人。
115．No way is impossible to courage.
勇者无惧。
116．Observation is the best teacher.
观察是最好的老师。
117．Old friends and old wines are best.
陈酒味醇，老友情深。
118．There is no smoke without fire.
无风不起浪。
119．One cannot put back the clock.
时钟不能倒转。
120．Books，like friends，should be few and well chosen.
读书如择友，宜少且宜精。
121．One good turn deserves another.
礼尚往来。
122．One hour today is worth two tomorrow.
争分夺秒效率高。
123．Nature is the true law.
天行有常，不为尧存，不为桀亡。
124．One swallow does not make a summer.
一燕不成夏。
125．New wine in old bottles.
旧瓶装新酒。
126．Out of debt，out of danger.
无债一身轻。
127．Speech is silver，silence is gold.
能言是银，沉默是金。
128．The early bird catches the worm.
早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
129．Out of sight，out of mind.
眼不见，心不烦。
130．Praise makes good men better，and bad men worse.
好人越夸越好，坏人越夸越糟。1．Peking Opera
Peking Opera is one of China's major traditional art forms and it is considered as one of the national treasures of China.It was formed in the late 18th century and became completely developed in the mid－19th century.
京剧是中国主要的传统艺术形式之一，被认为是中国的国宝之一。它形成于18世纪后期，并在19世纪中期完全发展起来。
Why is Peking Opera highly respected in China？The main reason is that it shows rich Chinese culture，including wonderful stories，paintings and clothes.It includes four main types of performers called sheng，dan，jing and chou. Sheng is the main male role.For example，young male characters are known as xiaosheng and laosheng is an older role.Dan is the female role，jing is the face－painted role and chou is a male clown role.
为什么京剧在中国备受推崇？主要原因是它展示了丰富的中国文化，包括精彩的故事、绘画和服装。京剧含生、旦、净、丑四种主要类型的演员。生是主要的男性角色。例如，年轻的男性角色称作小生，老生是年长角色。旦是女性角色，净是花脸角色，丑是男性小丑角色。
Peking Opera tells interesting stories through movement，singing and dancing.Some of them are from history books，but most of them are from famous novels.The performance itself tells stories that have been passed down for thousands of years in Chinese history.
京剧通过动作、歌唱和舞蹈来讲述有趣的故事。其中，一些故事来自史书，但它大多数来自著名小说。表演本身讲述了中国历史上流传了几千年的故事。
Peking Opera has become an important opera form for Chinese audience.It has also drawn attention from Western audience.More and more Western fans begin to learn the art.
对中国观众来说，京剧已成为一种重要的戏曲形式。它也吸引了西方观众的注意。越来越多的西方粉丝开始学习这项艺术。
2．Qipao
In recent years，it has become popular for women to wear a traditional qipao dress.Especially during the gaokao, many mothers wear qipaos to wish their children good luck in the exam.They believe “qipao” stands for the Chinese meaning “qi kai de sheng”．
近年来，女性穿传统旗袍已经变得十分流行。特别是在高考期间，许多母亲会穿上旗袍，祝愿她们的孩子考试顺利。她们认为“旗袍”象征“旗开得胜”。
Some experts believe the qipao originated from gowns in the Qing Dynasty.Influenced by Western culture，it changed continually during the early 20th century，becoming more fitted and body-hugging.Nowadays，the qipao is mainly divided into Beijing styles，Shanghai styles and Hong Kong styles.
一些专家认为旗袍起源于清朝的长袍。受西方文化的影响，在20世纪初，旗袍不断地发生变化，变得更加合身和紧身。如今，旗袍主要分为京派、海派和港派。
The Beijing-style qipao is more traditional than the other two styles.Its colours are much brighter.High-quality Beijing-style qipaos are usually made by hand，so the price is much higher.
京派旗袍比另外两派更传统。它的颜色要鲜艳得多。高品质的京派旗袍通常是手工制作的，所以价格要高得多。
Shanghai-style qipaos are more fashionable than Beijing-style ones.More Western elements are used in the designs and colours.Shanghai-style qipaos became the most popular style around the 1930s because of the fashionable design and slim shape.Now，they're still the first choice for most women，especially among younger ones.
海派旗袍比京派旗袍更时尚。它在设计和颜色上运用了更多的西方元素。因其时尚的设计和修身的版型，海派旗袍在20世纪30年代成为最流行的风格。现在，它们仍然是大多数女性——尤其是年轻女性的首选。
Hong Kong-style qipaos have been influenced greatly by European fashions.They have shorter sleeves than the other two.The decorations are simpler too.
港派旗袍很大程度上受到欧洲时尚的影响。它们的袖子比另外两派短，装饰也更简单。
The qipao is a very classic product to stand for the beauty of traditional Chinese clothing.It shows not only the history of the Han people，but also the footprints of other cultures on the land.
旗袍是代表中国传统服装之美的经典之作。它不仅展示了汉族人民的历史，也展示了这片土地上其他文化的足迹。
3．Four Treasures of the Study
In ancient China，the study was called wen fang.The writing brush，ink，paper and inkstone are commonly used in the study，so they were called the “Four Treasures of the Study” or wen fang si bao.
在中国古代，书房被称为“文房”。毛笔、墨水、纸张和砚台是书房常用的物品，因此它们被称为“文房四宝”。
The writing brush is a special writing and painting tool in ancient China.Brushes are usually made of animal hair.Rabbit hair was the first to be used.According to the record，human hair were also used to make brushes.
毛笔是中国古代一种特殊的书写和绘画工具。笔毫通常由动物毛发制成，最早使用的是兔毛。据记载，人类的头发也曾被用来制作笔毫。
Ink is a black material used in calligraphy and painting.It was born later than the writing brush.After the Han and Wei dynasties，ink－making technology became more and more developed，and Huizhou became the national ink－making centre in the Ming Dynasty.The “Hui Ink” produced there is famous all over the world.
墨水是一种用于书法和绘画的黑色材料。它比毛笔诞生得晚。汉魏之后，制墨技术变得越来越发达。明朝时期，徽州成为全国制墨中心。那里生产的“徽墨”闻名世界。
Papermaking was invented in the Western Han Dynasty and improved by Cai Lun during the Eastern Han Dynasty.After the Song Dynasty，with papermaking technology improving gradually，more and more types of paper appeared.The most famous one is Xuan paper，which is named after ancient Xuanzhou because it was produced there.Xuan paper is thin but tough，and doesn't change colour easily.So，it's known as the “Paper of Ages”．
造纸术发明于西汉，东汉时期蔡伦改进了造纸术。宋朝之后，随着造纸术的逐步发展，出现了越来越多的纸型。最著名的是宣纸，它以古代宣州命名，因为它产自那里。宣纸薄而韧，不易变色。因此，它被称为“千年古纸”。
The inkstone is a necessary tool for grinding(研磨)ink.In the Qing Dynasty，people carved some patterns on it.Since then，the inkstone has not only been practical，but also had the value of collection and appreciation.
砚台是研磨墨汁的必要工具。在清代，人们在砚台上雕刻一些图案。从那时起，砚台不仅具有实用价值，而且具有收藏和鉴赏价值。
4．Tai Chi
Tai Chi has always been a symbol of Chinese culture and is becoming popular around the world.
太极一直是中国文化的象征，并且在世界各地越来越受欢迎。
One thing that makes Tai Chi popular is its value in health.As you move，you breathe deeply and naturally，paying your attention to your body.This helps you relax and find peace in your mind.According to Harvard Health Publishing，Tai Chi is suitable for almost anyone，from healthy people to those who have disease.This is because its movements are never forced—the muscles are relaxed.
太极在健康方面的价值是它受欢迎的一个原因。当你运动时，你自然地深呼吸，把注意力集中在你的身体上，这有助于你放松并在头脑中找到平静。根据哈佛健康出版社的研究，从健康的人到患有疾病的人，太极几乎适合所有人。这是因为它的动作从不激烈——肌肉是放松的。
What makes Tai Chi even more interesting might be the philosophical ideas behind it.The word “Tai Chi” comes from Taoism，which thinks that inaction，opposite to action，is the way to solve problems.That's why Tai Chi movements are slow and soft.It is not used to fight an enemy；it is used to protect yourself.That doesn't mean it is weak though.The secret of Tai Chi is to use softness to beat hardness.
太极更有趣的可能是它背后的哲学思想。“太极”这个词来自道家，道家认为无为，而非有为，是解决问题的方式。这就是太极动作缓慢而柔和的原因。它不是用来对付敌人的，它是用来保护自己的。但这并不意味着它很弱。太极的秘密是以柔克刚。
When you think of Tai Chi，you might think of the famous yin－yang diagram.It shows how ancient Chinese people saw the world.The world is full of yin and yang: dark and light，soft and hard，male and female，life and death.But they do not absolutely opposite each other.After a dark night，the sun will rise.Leaves fall in autumn but grow in spring.Everything keeps changing—that's how we should see the world.
当你想到太极时，你可能会想到著名的阴阳图。它展示了古代中国人看待世界的方式。世界充满了阴和阳：黑暗和光明、柔软和坚硬、男性和女性、生和死。但它们并不是绝对对立的。黑夜过后，太阳会升起。秋天叶落，但春天又会生长。一切都在不断变化——这就是我们应该如何看待世界的方式。
Tai Chi also pays attention to the balance between yin and yang. For example，if you work too hard and feel tired，you have too much “yang”．So it's time for you to calm down and get more “yin”．This idea of keeping a healthy balance can be used in almost everything in life.It makes Tai Chi far more than just a Chinese kung fu.
太极也注重阴阳之间的平衡。例如，如果你工作太努力，感到疲劳，就是你的“阳”太多了。所以你该冷静下来，获得更多的“阴”。这种保持健康平衡的理念几乎可以应用于生活中的一切事情。这使得太极远不只是中国功夫。
5．The Silk Road
What's the Silk Road？In history，it was an important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean.The Silk Road began in the Western Han Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,000 years.
什么是丝绸之路？在历史上，它是中国和地中海之间重要的国际贸易路线。丝绸之路始于西汉时期，已有2000多年的历史。
In the past，the road started in Chang'an(now Xi'an)and ended in Eastern Europe near the Mediterranean.It was about 6，500 kilometres long and went across a quarter of the world.
过去，这条路始于长安(现在的西安)，终于地中海附近的东欧。它大约有6500公里长，跨越了世界的四分之一。
The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk was famous，and the traders also carried China's porcelain and other things to the West.Meanwhile，glass，gems and food like carrots came to China from the West.
丝绸之路在19世纪得名，因为中国的丝绸很有名，商人们也把中国的瓷器和其他东西带到西方。同时，玻璃、宝石和胡萝卜等食物从西方传入中国。
The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world.It was more than an international trade route.Lots of arts and science of other countries came to China through the Silk Road.In this way，languages and culture influenced each other.Today，China is trying to make the dream of the Belt and Road Initiative come true and lead to a win－win situation.
丝绸之路对中国和世界上的其他地方都很重要。它不仅仅是一条国际贸易路线。很多其他国家的艺术和科学通过丝绸之路传入中国。通过这种方式，语言和文化相互影响。今天，中国正在努力实现“一带一路倡议”的梦想，达到双赢。
6．The Grand Canal
For centuries，the power of Chinese emperors rose and fell with their control of the Grand Canal.Today，this important waterway is shorter than it once was，but it is still the longest man－made river in the world，and continues to play an important role in modern China.
几个世纪以来，中国皇帝的权力随着他们对大运河的控制而起伏。今天，这条重要的水道比以前短了，但它仍然是世界上最长的人工河流，并在现代中国继续发挥重要作用。
The earliest canal system began around the year 605，when Emperor Yang realised that—in order to feed his army—he needed a way to move food quickly from China's southern rice－growing region to the country's north.Construction took six years and was completed in 611.Over the next 500 years，the canal's importance grew throughout China.
最早的运河系统始于公元605年，当时的隋炀帝意识到，为了养活他的军队，他需要一种方法把食物从中国南方的水稻种植区快速运到中国北方。工程历时6年，于611年完工。在接下来的500年里，这条运河在中国的重要性与日俱增。
The Grand Canal was also an important cultural connection.Soldiers，businessmen，and artists transported ideas，foods and cultural practices from one part of China to another along the country's watery highway.
大运河也是一个重要的文化纽带。士兵、商人和艺术家沿着这条水上高速公路，将思想、食物和文化习俗从中国的一个地方运到另一个地方。
Even today，boats continue to carry tons of coal，food and other goods to ports between Hangzhou and Zhenjiang.In addition，local governments eager to increase tourism and beautify areas along the canal.
即使在今天，船只仍然在杭州和镇江之间运送成吨的煤炭、食物和其他货物。此外，地方政府渴望增加旅游业和美化运河沿岸地区。
This development comes at a price，though.In Yangzhou，the city has pulled down almost all of the older canal－side buildings.The situation is similar in other cities.In 2005，a group of citizens proposed that the historic Grand Canal should be a UNESCO World Heritage Site in order to protect both the waterway and the architecture around it.The hope is that the Grand Canal，one of the world's great engineering achievements，will continue to link north and south China for centuries to come.
然而，这种发展是有代价的。在扬州，该市几乎拆除了所有运河边的旧建筑。其他城市的情况也类似。2005年，一些市民提议将历史悠久的大运河列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，以保护这条水道及其周围的建筑。希望大运河——这个世界最伟大的工程成就之一，在未来几个世纪继续连接中国的南北。

展开更多......

收起↑