Unit5 Great inventions 单词表教师词汇备课-2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

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Unit5 Great inventions 单词表教师词汇备课-2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

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冀教版八年级下册 Unit5单词表
教师备课材料
1. invention(名词)
词义:发明,创造
近义词:creation, innovation
反义词:imitation(模仿)
词性转换:invent(动词)→ invention(名词)→ inventive(形容词)
常见搭配:a new invention, the invention of the telephone
例句:The telephone is one of the greatest inventions in history.(电话是历史上最伟大的发明之一。)
2. greatly(副词)
词义:非常,大大地
近义词:extremely, very much
反义词:slightly(稍微)
常见搭配:greatly improve, greatly appreciate
例句:The invention of the Internet has greatly changed our lives.(互联网的发明极大地改变了我们的生活。)
3. telephone(名词/动词)
词义:电话;打电话
近义词:phone, call
词性转换:telephone(动词:打电话)
常见搭配:answer the telephone, telephone number
例句:She telephoned her mother yesterday.(她昨天给她妈妈打了电话。)
4. easily(副词)
词义:容易地
近义词:simply, without difficulty
反义词:hardly, with difficulty
词性转换:easy(形容词)→ easily(副词)
常见搭配:can easily do, easily understood
例句:You can easily find the answer in the book.(你可以很容易在书中找到答案。)
5. bulb(名词)
词义:灯泡;球茎
近义词:light bulb
常见搭配:electric bulb, tulip bulb
例句:Thomas Edison invented the electric bulb.(托马斯·爱迪生发明了电灯泡。)
6. machine(名词)
词义:机器
近义词:device, apparatus
词性转换:machine(动词:用机器制造)
常见搭配:washing machine, machine tool
例句:This machine can print 100 pages per minute.(这台机器每分钟能打印100页。)
7. powered(形容词)
词义:有动力的,以…为动力的
常见搭配:solarpowered, batterypowered
例句:The car is powered by electricity.(这辆车是电动的。)
8. knowledge(名词)
词义:知识
近义词:understanding, wisdom
反义词:ignorance(无知)
常见搭配:gain knowledge, general knowledge
例句:Reading books helps us to gain knowledge.(读书帮助我们获取知识。)
9. entertainment(名词)
词义:娱乐
近义词:amusement, recreation
词性转换:entertain(动词)→ entertainment(名词)
常见搭配:a form of entertainment, entertainment industry
例句:Movies are a popular form of entertainment.(电影是一种流行的娱乐形式。)
10. absolutely(副词)
词义:绝对地,完全地
近义词:completely, totally
反义词:partially(部分地)
常见搭配:absolutely necessary, absolutely right
例句:I absolutely agree with you.(我完全同意你。)
11. invent(动词)
词义:发明,创造
近义词:create, devise
反义词:copy(复制)
词性转换:invent → inventor(发明家)→ invention(名词)
常见搭配:invent a story, invent a new method
例句:Who invented the computer (谁发明了电脑?)
12. period(名词)
词义:时期,一段时间
近义词:era, time
常见搭配:a period of time, historical period
例句:We studied the Tang period in history class.(我们在历史课上学了唐朝时期。)
13. fascinating(形容词)
词义:迷人的,极有趣的
近义词:interesting, captivating
反义词:boring(无聊的)
词性转换:fascinate(动词)→ fascinating(形容词)
常见搭配:a fascinating story, find something fascinating
例句:Space exploration is a fascinating topic.(太空探索是一个迷人的话题。)
14. creativity(名词)
词义:创造力
近义词:imagination, originality
词性转换:create(动词)→ creative(形容词)→ creativity(名词)
常见搭配:show creativity, lack of creativity
例句:Art classes help to develop children’s creativity.(艺术课有助于培养孩子的创造力。)
15. wheel(名词)
词义:轮子
常见搭配:steering wheel, wheel of fortune
例句:The wheel is one of the oldest inventions.(轮子是最古老的发明之一。)
16. wagon(名词)
词义:四轮马车;货车
近义词:cart, carriage
常见搭配:pull a wagon, wagon train
例句:In the past, people used wagons to transport goods.(过去,人们用马车运输货物。)
17. power(名词)
词义:力量;电力;权力
近义词:strength, energy, authority
常见搭配:electric power, power cut, in power
例句:The wind can be used to produce power.(风可以用来发电。)
18. power(动词)
词义:给…提供动力
近义词:drive, energize
常见搭配:powered by solar energy
例句:The factory is powered by natural gas.(这家工厂以天然气为动力。)
pass(名词)
词义:指南针;圆规
常见搭配:magnetic compass, drawing compass
例句:The compass was invented in ancient China.(指南针是古代中国发明的。)
20. canal(名词)
词义:运河
近义词:waterway, channel
常见搭配:Suez Canal, Panama Canal
例句:The Grand Canal in China is very famous.(中国的京杭大运河非常有名。)
21. waterway(名词)
词义:水路,航道
近义词:canal, river route
常见搭配:natural waterway, international waterway
例句:The river is an important waterway for transportation.(这条河是重要的运输航道。)
22. speed(名词)
词义:速度
近义词:velocity, rate
常见搭配:high speed, speed limit
例句:The train runs at a speed of 300 km/h.(火车以每小时300公里的速度行驶。)
23. speed(动词)
词义:加速;快速前进
近义词:hurry, accelerate
常见搭配:speed up, speed past
例句:He sped up to catch the bus.(他加速去赶公交车。)
24. eco-friendly(形容词)
词义:环保的
近义词:environmentally friendly, green
反义词:polluting(污染的)
常见搭配:eco-friendly products, eco-friendly lifestyle
例句:We should use eco-friendly bags instead of plastic ones.(我们应该使用环保袋代替塑料袋。)
25. spaceship(名词)
词义:宇宙飞船
近义词:spacecraft, rocket
常见搭配:travel by spaceship, build a spaceship
例句:The spaceship landed safely on Mars.(宇宙飞船安全降落在火星上。)
26. widely(副词)
词义:广泛地
近义词:broadly, extensively
常见搭配:widely used, widely known
例句:English is widely spoken around the world.(英语在世界上被广泛使用。)
27. tool(名词)
词义:工具
近义词:instrument, device
常见搭配:useful tool, garden tool
例句:A hammer is a common tool.(锤子是一种常见的工具。)
28. spell(动词)
词义:拼写
常见搭配:spell correctly, spell check
例句:Can you spell your name, please (请拼写一下你的名字好吗?)
29. print(动词/名词)
词义:印刷;打印;印刷品
常见搭配:print a document, in print
例句:I need to print my homework.(我需要打印我的作业。)
30. dictionary(名词)
词义:词典
常见搭配:look up in the dictionary, English-Chinese dictionary
例句:If you don’t know a word, check the dictionary.(如果你不认识单词,就查词典。)
31. simply(副词)
词义:简单地;仅仅
近义词:just, only
常见搭配:simply put, simply amazing
例句:She simply smiled and said nothing.(她只是笑了笑,什么也没说。)
32. AI(名词,缩写)
词义:人工智能
全称:Artificial Intelligence
常见搭配:AI technology, AI assistant
例句:AI is used in many fields today.(如今人工智能被用于许多领域。)
33. definition(名词)
词义:定义
近义词:meaning, explanation
常见搭配:clear definition, dictionary definition
例句:Can you give me the definition of this word (你能给我这个词的定义吗?)
34. application(名词)
词义:应用;申请;应用程序
近义词:use, app
常见搭配:practical application, job application
例句:The application of this technology is very wide.(这项技术的应用非常广泛。)
35. pour(动词)
词义:倒;倾泻
常见搭配:pour water, pour into
例句:She poured some milk into the cup.(她往杯子里倒了一些牛奶。)
36. pasteurize(动词)
词义:对…进行巴氏杀菌
词性转换:pasteurization(名词)
常见搭配:pasteurized milk
例句:Milk is pasteurized to kill bacteria.(牛奶经过巴氏杀菌以杀死细菌。)
37. process(名词)
词义:过程
近义词:procedure, course
常见搭配:production process, in the process of
例句:Learning a language is a long process.(学习语言是一个漫长的过程。)
38. process(动词)
词义:处理;加工
近义词:handle, treat
常见搭配:process information, process food
例句:Computers can process data very quickly.(计算机能非常快速地处理数据。)
39. heat(动词)
词义:加热
近义词:warm up
反义词:cool(冷却)
常见搭配:heat the water, heat up food
例句:Heat the soup before you eat it.(喝汤前先加热一下。)
40. heat(名词)
词义:热;高温
近义词:warmth
反义词:cold(寒冷)
常见搭配:intense heat, heat energy
例句:The heat from the sun is very strong in summer.(夏天太阳的热量非常强烈。)
41. raw(形容词)
词义:生的;未加工的
近义词:uncooked, unprocessed
反义词:cooked(熟的), processed(加工过的)
常见搭配:raw material, raw vegetables
例句:Sushi is made with raw fish.(寿司是用生鱼做的。)
42. bacteria(名词,复数)
词义:细菌
近义词:germs, microorganisms
常见搭配:harmful bacteria, kill bacteria
例句:Some bacteria are good for our health.(有些细菌对我们的健康有益。)
43. germ(名词)
词义:细菌;病菌
近义词:bacteria, microbe
常见搭配:germs spread, germ-free
例句:Wash your hands to kill germs.(洗手可以杀死细菌。)
44. dairy(名词)
词义:乳制品;牛奶场
常见搭配:dairy products, dairy farm
例句:Milk, cheese and yogurt are all dairy products.(牛奶、奶酪和酸奶都是乳制品。)
45. dairy(形容词)
词义:乳制品的;牛奶场的
常见搭配:dairy industry, dairy cattle
例句:She works on a dairy farm.(她在一家奶牛场工作。)
46. scientist(名词)
词义:科学家
词性转换:science(名词)→ scientific(形容词)→ scientist(名词)
常见搭配:famous scientist, work as a scientist
例句:Marie Curie was a great scientist.(居里夫人是一位伟大的科学家。)
47. microbiologist(名词)
词义:微生物学家
构词:micro(微小)+ biology(生物学)+ ist(从事…的人)
例句:A microbiologist studies tiny living things.(微生物学家研究微小的生物。)
48. toast(名词)
词义:吐司面包;烤面包片
常见搭配:a slice of toast, buttered toast
例句:I usually have toast for breakfast.(我早餐通常吃吐司。)
49. toast(动词)
词义:烤(面包等);为…干杯
常见搭配:toast bread, toast to someone
例句:Let’s toast to our friendship!(为我们的友谊干杯!)
50. freeze(动词)
词义:冻结;结冰
近义词:ice over, become solid
反义词:melt(融化)
常见搭配:freeze water, freeze to death
例句:Water freezes at 0°C.(水在零摄氏度结冰。)
51. refrigerator(名词)
词义:冰箱
近义词:fridge
常见搭配:open the refrigerator, put in the refrigerator
例句:Keep the milk in the refrigerator.(把牛奶放在冰箱里。)
52. energy(名词)
词义:能量;精力
近义词:power, vitality
常见搭配:save energy, full of energy
例句:Solar energy is clean and renewable.(太阳能是清洁且可再生的。)
53. emperor(名词)
词义:皇帝
近义词:ruler, monarch
反义词:subject(臣民)
常见搭配:Roman emperor, emperor of China
例句:Qin Shi Huang was the first emperor of China.(秦始皇是中国第一位皇帝。)

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