2026年中考英语长难句分析(含答案)

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2026年中考英语长难句分析(含答案)

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2026年中考英语长难句分析(一)
原句:The teacher who taught us literature introduced a book that tells stories about heroes who fought for justice in ancient times.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 6 处)
句中 "who taught us literature" 是______从句,引导词是______,它修饰的先行词是______。
"that tells stories about heroes who fought for justice in ancient times" 是______从句,由______引导,在主句中作______成分。
"who fought for justice in ancient times" 是______从句,修饰的名词是______,关系代词在从句中作______成分。
主句的主语是______,谓语动词是______。
句中定语从句的时态 "taught" "tells" "fought" 分别对应______、______、______三种时间状态。
整个句子中包含______种类型的从句。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;who;teacher解析:"who taught us literature" 是定语从句,关系代词 who 指代先行词 "teacher",在从句中作主语,用于明确修饰 “老师” 的身份,说明是 “教我们文学的” 老师。
答案:宾语;that;宾语解析:"that tells stories about heroes who fought for justice in ancient times" 是宾语从句,由连接词 that 引导,作主句谓语动词 "introduced" 的宾语,说明老师介绍的内容是 “一本讲述相关故事的书”。
答案:定语;heroes;主语解析:"who fought for justice in ancient times" 是定语从句,关系代词 who 指代先行词 "heroes",在从句中作主语,修饰 “英雄”,描述英雄的行为是 “在古代为正义而战”。
答案:The teacher;introduced解析:主句为 "The teacher introduced a book that...",其中 "The teacher" 是执行 “介绍” 这个动作的主体,作主语;"introduced" 是表示具体动作的动词,作谓语。
答案:过去;现在;过去解析:"taught" 是一般过去时,对应 “过去教我们文学” 的动作;"tells" 是一般现在时,因为书籍讲述故事是客观存在的内容,用一般现在时体现常态;"fought" 是一般过去时,对应 “古代” 的动作,属于过去的时间范畴。
答案:2解析:整个句子包含定语从句(who 引导的两处)和宾语从句(that 引导),共两种类型的从句。
三、句子结构成分详细分析
主句:The teacher who taught us literature introduced a book that tells stories about heroes who fought for justice in ancient times
主语:The teacher
定语从句:who taught us literature(修饰 teacher)
谓语:introduced
宾语:a book
宾语从句:that tells stories about heroes who fought for justice in ancient times(作 introduced 的宾语)
定语从句 1:who taught us literature
引导词:who(指代 teacher,作主语)
谓语:taught
间接宾语:us
直接宾语:literature
宾语从句:that tells stories about heroes who fought for justice in ancient times
引导词:that(无实际意义)
主语:a book(承前省略,从句完整结构为 "a book tells stories about heroes...")
谓语:tells
宾语:stories
定语:about heroes(修饰 stories,说明故事的主题)
定语从句:who fought for justice in ancient times(修饰 heroes)
定语从句 2:who fought for justice in ancient times
引导词:who(指代 heroes,作主语)
谓语:fought
状语:for justice(表目的,“为了正义”)
状语:in ancient times(表时间,“在古代”)
四、翻译
逐部分翻译:
The teacher who taught us literature:教我们文学的老师
introduced:介绍了
a book that tells stories about heroes:一本讲述英雄故事的书
who fought for justice in ancient times:那些在古代为正义而战的(英雄)
整句翻译:
教我们文学的老师介绍了一本讲述古代为正义而战的英雄故事的书。
补充练习题一
原句:The girl who won the painting competition shared that she had practiced skills which her teacher taught her every weekend.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 6 处)
句中 "who won the painting competition" 是______从句,引导词是______,它修饰的先行词是______。
"that she had practiced skills which her teacher taught her every weekend" 是______从句,由______引导,在主句中作______成分。
"which her teacher taught her every weekend" 是______从句,修饰的名词是______,关系代词在从句中作______成分。
主句的主语是______,谓语动词是______。
句中过去完成时 "had practiced" 表示动作发生在______之前。
整个句子中包含______种类型的从句。
二、填空答案与解析
答案原句:
二、填空答案与解析
答案:
:定语;who;the girl解析:"who won the painting competition" 是定语从句,关系代词 who 指代先行词 "the girl",在从句中作主语,限定 “女孩” 的身份,说明是 “赢得绘画比赛的” 女孩。
答案:宾语;that;宾语解析:"that she had practiced skills..." 是宾语从句,由 that 引导,作主句谓语动词 "shared" 的宾语,说明女孩分享的内容是 “她练习技能” 这件事。
答案:定语;skills;宾语解析:"which her teacher taught her every weekend" 是定语从句,关系代词 which 指代先行词 "skills",在从句中作谓语 "taught" 的宾语,修饰 “技能”,说明是 “老师每周教她的” 技能。
答案:The girl;shared解析:主句为 "The girl shared that...","The girl" 是执行 “分享” 动作的主体,作主语;"shared" 是表示动作的动词,作谓语。
答案:主句动作(shared)解析:过去完成时 "had practiced" 表示 “练习” 的动作发生在主句 “分享”(shared)之前,强调动作的时间先后顺序。
答案:2解析:句子包含定语从句(who 引导、which 引导)和宾语从句(that 引导),共两种类型的从句。
三、句子结构成分详细分析
主句:The girl who won the painting competition shared that she had practiced skills which her teacher taught her every weekend
主语:The girl
定语从句:who won the painting competition(修饰 the girl)
谓语:shared
宾语:that 引导的宾语从句
定语从句 1:who won the painting competition
引导词:who(指代 the girl,作主语)
谓语:won
宾语:the painting competition
宾语从句:that she had practiced skills which her teacher taught her every weekend
引导词:that(无实际意义)
主语:she
谓语:had practiced
宾语:skills
定语从句:which her teacher taught her every weekend(修饰 skills)
定语从句 2:which her teacher taught her every weekend
引导词:which(指代 skills,作宾语)
主语:her teacher
谓语:taught
间接宾语:her
状语:every weekend
四、翻译
逐部分翻译:
The girl who won the painting competition:赢得绘画比赛的女孩
shared:分享说
she had practiced skills:她一直练习技能
which her teacher taught her every weekend:那些她老师每周教她的(技能)
整句翻译:
赢得绘画比赛的女孩分享说,她一直练习老师每周教她的那些技能。
补充练习题二
原句:The reporter who interviewed the famous scientist wrote an article that explains how we can protect the environment in daily life.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 6 处)
句中 "who interviewed the famous scientist" 是______从句,引导词是______,它修饰的先行词是______。
"that explains how we can protect the environment in daily life" 是______从句,由______引导,在主句中作______成分。
"how we can protect the environment in daily life" 是______从句,由______引导,在前面的从句中作______成分。
主句的主语是______,谓语动词是______。
句中宾语从句的时态 "can protect" 用一般现在时,体现______。
整个句子中包含______种类型的从句。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;who;the reporter解析:"who interviewed the famous scientist" 是定语从句,关系代词 who 指代先行词 "the reporter",在从句中作主语,限定 “记者” 的行为,说明是 “采访了著名科学家的” 记者。
答案:宾语;that;宾语解析:"that explains how we can protect..." 是宾语从句,由 that 引导,作主句谓语动词 "wrote" 的宾语,说明记者写的文章的内容。
答案:宾语;how;宾语解析:"how we can protect the environment in daily life" 是宾语从句,由连接副词 how 引导,作前面宾语从句中谓语 "explains" 的宾语,说明文章解释的具体内容。
答案:The reporter;wrote解析:主句为 "The reporter wrote an article that...","The reporter" 是执行 “写” 动作的主体,作主语;"wrote" 是表示动作的动词,作谓语。
答案:客观事实或普遍适用的方法解析:"can protect" 用一般现在时,因为 “日常生活中保护环境的方法” 是客观存在、普遍适用的,不受时间限制。
答案:3解析:句子包含定语从句(who 引导)、宾语从句(that 引导)和宾语从句(how 引导),共三种类型的从句。
三、句子结构成分详细分析
主句:The reporter who interviewed the famous scientist wrote an article that explains how we can protect the environment in daily life
主语:The reporter
定语从句:who interviewed the famous scientist(修饰 the reporter)
谓语:wrote
宾语:an article
宾语从句:that explains how we can protect the environment in daily life(作 wrote 的宾语)
定语从句:who interviewed the famous scientist
引导词:who(指代 the reporter,作主语)
谓语:interviewed
宾语:the famous scientist
宾语从句 1:that explains how we can protect the environment in daily life
引导词:that(无实际意义)
主语:an article(承前省略)
谓语:explains
宾语:how 引导的宾语从句
宾语从句 2:how we can protect the environment in daily life
引导词:how(表方式,“如何”)
主语:we
谓语:can protect
宾语:the environment
状语:in daily life
四、翻译
逐部分翻译:
The reporter who interviewed the famous scientist:采访了著名科学家的记者
wrote an article:写了一篇文章
that explains:文章解释了
how we can protect the environment in daily life:我们在日常生活中如何保护环境
整句翻译:
采访了著名科学家的记者写了一篇文章,解释了我们在日常生活中如何保护环境。
补充练习题三
原句:The farmer who grows organic vegetables told us that the fertilizers which he makes from plant waste are better for the soil.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 6 处)
句中 "who grows organic vegetables" 是______从句,引导词是______,它修饰的先行词是______。
"that the fertilizers which he makes from plant waste are better for the soil" 是______从句,由______引导,在主句中作______成分。
"which he makes from plant waste" 是______从句,修饰的名词是______,关系代词在从句中作______成分。
主句的主语是______,谓语动词是______。
句中定语从句的时态 "grows" "makes" 用一般现在时,体现______。
整个句子中包含______种类型的从句。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;who;the farmer解析:"who grows organic vegetables" 是定语从句,关系代词 who 指代先行词 "the farmer",在从句中作主语,限定 “农民” 的职业行为,说明是 “种植有机蔬菜的” 农民。
答案:宾语;that;宾语解析:"that the fertilizers which he makes..." 是宾语从句,由 that 引导,作主句谓语动词 "told" 的宾语,说明农民告诉 “我们” 的内容。
答案:定语;fertilizers;宾语解析:"which he makes from plant waste" 是定语从句,关系代词 which 指代先行词 "fertilizers",在从句中作谓语 "makes" 的宾语,修饰 “肥料”,说明是 “他用植物废料制作的” 肥料。
答案:The farmer;told解析:主句为 "The farmer told us that...","The farmer" 是执行 “告诉” 动作的主体,作主语;"told" 是表示动作的动词,作谓语。
答案:经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实解析:"grows"(种植)和 "makes"(制作)用一般现在时,说明农民 “种植有机蔬菜” 和 “用植物废料制作肥料” 是经常性的行为,且符合客观情况。
答案:2解析:句子包含定语从句(who 引导、which 引导)和宾语从句(that 引导),共两种类型的从句。
三、句子结构成分详细分析
主句:The farmer who grows organic vegetables told us that the fertilizers which he makes from plant waste are better for the soil
主语:The farmer
定语从句:who grows organic vegetables(修饰 the farmer)
谓语:told
间接宾语:us
直接宾语:that 引导的宾语从句
定语从句 1:who grows organic vegetables
引导词:who(指代 the farmer,作主语)
谓语:grows
宾语:organic vegetables
宾语从句:that the fertilizers which he makes from plant waste are better for the soil
引导词:that(无实际意义)
主语:the fertilizers
定语从句:which he makes from plant waste(修饰 fertilizers)
系动词:are
表语:better for the soil
定语从句 2:which he makes from plant waste
引导词:which(指代 fertilizers,作宾语)
主语:he
谓语:makes
状语:from plant waste
四、翻译
逐部分翻译:
The farmer who grows organic vegetables:种植有机蔬菜的农民
told us:告诉我们
the fertilizers which he makes from plant waste:他用植物废料制作的肥料
are better for the soil:对土壤更有益
整句翻译:
种植有机蔬菜的农民告诉我们,他用植物废料制作的肥料对土壤更有益。

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