资源简介

/ 让教学更有效 英语学科
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 课文解析一
1.growing pains and gains 成长的烦恼与收获
[用法讲解] pain泛指"疼痛"时为不可数名词； pain特指"身体部位的疼痛"或"pain"前有形容词修饰时为可数名词，pain也可引申为"劳苦，辛劳";pain还可为动词，译为"使疼痛".
Eg:He suffered great pain after the accident.
事故后他遭受了巨大痛苦。
He has a pain in his knee.
他膝盖疼。
Her words pained him deeply.
她得话使他深感痛苦。
[常见搭配] No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。
have a pain in 身体部位 身体某部位疼
in pain 处于痛苦中
take pains to do sth. 尽力做某事
spare no pains to do sth. 不遗余力做某事
Eg: He has a sharp pain in his stomach.
他肚子疼得厉害。
The injured man was lying in pain on the ground.
受伤的男子痛苦地躺在地上。
She took pains to make the party a success.
她煞费苦心使聚会取得成功。
The teacher spared no pains to help the students improve their grades.
老师不遗余力地帮助学生提高成绩。
[派生词] painful为形容词，译为"疼痛的，痛苦的".
Eg: The painful memory still haunts him.
那段痛苦的记忆仍然萦绕在他心头。
[易混辨析] pain与ache区别：
pain使用范围较广，可指身体各部位的剧烈疼痛，也可指精神上的疼痛；
ache通常指持续的，隐隐的疼痛，多用于身体部位。
Eg: I have a pain in my stomach.
我肚子疼。
I have a bad headache.
我头痛得厉害。
[即学即用]
She has a constant p________in her knee.
答案：pain
2.Growing up can be exciting and difficult at the same time. 成长既令人兴奋又困难重重。
[用法讲解] grow为动词，译为"生长，成长，种植，发展，变得，产生"等，其过去式为 grew，其过去分词为grown.
Eg: I've decided to let my hair grow.
我已决定留长发。
Plants need sunlight and water to grow.
植物需要阳光和水才能生长。
The economy continues to grow.
经济持续增长。
He grew more confident as he spoke.
他说话时变得越来越自信。
A closeness grew up between the two girls.
这两个女孩的关系越来越亲密。
[常见搭配] grow up 长大，成长
Eg: She wants to be a doctor after she grows up.
她长大后想当一名医生。
[易混辨析] become,turn,go,grow和get的区别
become译为"变得"，强调变化过程的完成及身份的变化；
turn译为"变得"，强调变化的结果，侧重颜色，方向或状态的变化；
go译为"变得"，强调由好变坏；
grow译为"变得"，强调逐渐变化的过程；
get译为"变得"，强调短暂或逐渐的变化，常与形容词连用。
Eg: He became famous.
他变得很有名。
The leaves turned yellow in autumn.
树叶在秋天变成黄色。
The meat went bad.
肉变质了。
The tree grew tall.
树长高了。
The days are getting longer and longer.
白天变得越来越长。
[即学即用]
( )The pollution problem is _______serious.
A.becoming B. turning C. getting D.growing
答案：D
3.How are you getting along with your peers 你与同辈相处得如何
[用法讲解]短语"get along(well/ badly) with sb./sth."译为"与某人相处得(好/不好)" 或"某事进展的(顺利/不顺利)"，就well/badly提问时用疑问词how.
Eg: I get along well with my classmates.
我和同学们相处得很好。
We need to make progress in getting along with this project.
我们需要在这个项目上取得进展。
How are you getting along with your new job
你新工作进展得如何
[即学即用]
She gets along well with her neighbour.(就划线部分提问)
___________________along with her neighbour
答案：How does she get
4.What were Anne's "growing troubles" 安妮的"成长烦恼"是什么
[用法讲解] trouble为可数名词，译为"困难，烦恼，麻烦事"等，其复数形式为troubles; trouble还可为动词，译为"使忧虑，使苦恼".
Eg:The student's failing grades troubled his parents deeply.
这个学生成绩不及格使其父母深感忧虑。
Scientists are putting a good face on the troubles.
科学家们对这些困难似乎不以为意。
I'm having trouble finding anything new to say on this subject.
在这个课题上要提出什么新看法，我有困难。
[常见搭配] have trouble(in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难
get into trouble 陷入麻烦
get out of trouble 走出困境
make trouble 惹事生非
be in trouble 处于困境中
take the trouble 不怕费力
Eg: I have trouble understanding the instructions.
他理解这些指示有困难。
She got into trouble with the law.
她惹上了官司。
With his help, I got out of trouble quickly.
在他的帮助下，我很快走出了困境。
He always makes trouble for others.
他总是给别人惹麻烦。
He is in trouble and needs our help.
他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。
He took the trouble to explain the problem to me.
他不怕费力地向我解释了这个问题。
[即学即用]
1.I have trouble_________________(understand) this passage.
2.别惹事，否则你会有麻烦的。
Don't_______________, or you will_______________.
答案：1.understanding 2.make trouble; get into trouble
5.challenge 挑战
[用法讲解] challenge为可数名词，其复数形式为challenges，译为"挑战，质疑";challenge也可为动词，译为"向(某人)挑战，对...怀疑".
Eg: Then new policy faced a lot of challenges from the public.
这项新政策遭到了公众的诸多质疑。
The scientist challenged the traditional theory with his new research.
这位科学家用他的新研究对传统理论提出了质疑。
[常见搭配] take up/accept the challenge 接受挑战
face a challenge 面临一个挑战
challenge sb. to do sth. 挑战某人做某事
Eg: The team decided to take up the challenge of designing a new app.
团队决定接受设计新应用程序的挑战。
The team faced many challenges during the construction of the bridge.
团队在建造桥梁过程中面临许多挑战。
He challenged me to a game of chess.
他挑战我一盘棋。
[派生词] challenging为形容词，译为"充满挑战的".
Eg: Teaching in a multicultural environment is a challenging but rewarding job.
在多元文化环境中教学是一份充满挑战但有回报的工作。
[即学即用]
Climate change poses a serious c____________ for humanity.
答案：challenge
6.loss失落
[用法讲解] loss作不可数名词时，译为"丧失，损失，丢失";loss为可数名词时，译为"损失的人/事/物"等，其复数形式为losses.
Eg: The company reported a huge financial loss this year.
公司今年报告了巨大的财务亏损。
She felt a deep sense of loss after her pet passed away.
宠物去世后，她感到深深的失落。
The team suffered three consecutive losses in the tournament.
该队在比赛中连续三场失利。
[常见搭配] at a loss 困惑，不知所措
cut one's losses 及时止损
Eg: I'm at a loss as to what to do next.
我不知道下一步该做什么。
The company decided to cut its losses and close the unprofitable branch.
公司决定及时止损，关闭亏损的分公司。
[派生词] lose为动词，译为"丢失";
lost为形容词，译为"丢失的".
Eg: Did you lose your wallet yesterday
你昨天丢钱包了吗
She was lost in the forest.
她在森林里迷路了。
[即学即用]
She felt a deep ______ (lose) when her best friend moved away.
答案：loss
7.confidence 信心
[用法讲解] confidence为不可数名词。
Eg: Gaining confidence is key to success.
获得信心是成功的关键。
[常见搭配] have/ show confidence in ... 对...有信心
with confidence 自信地
Eg: We should have confidence in ourselves.
我们应该对自己有信心。
He answered the questions with confidence.
他自信地回答了问题。
[派生词] confident为形容词，译为"自信的".
[常见搭配] be confident (in oneself) (对自己)充满信心
be confident of... 对...有把握
be confident about ... 对...有信心
Eg: She is a confident woman.
她是一个自信的女人。
She is confident in her ability to succeed.
她自信有能力成功。
I am confident of my success.
我对成功有把握。
I am confident about my future.
我对我的未来很有信心。
[即学即用]
1.I'm____________(confidence) that you will get the job.
2.她对自己的能力有信心。
She_________________her abilities.
答案：1.confident 2. has confidence in
8.risk风险
[用法讲解]risk为可数名词，其复数形式为 risks;risk还可为动词，译为"使冒险".
Eg: He is willing to take a risk to start his own business.
他愿意冒险创办自己的公司。
I wouldn't risk driving in such bad weather.
我不会冒着这么恶劣的天气开车的。
[常见搭配] at risk 处于危险中
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
risk one's life 冒着生命危险
Eg: Hundreds of thousands of people are at risk.
有几十万人正处于危险中。
She risked losing her job by speaking out against corruption.
她因公开反对腐败而冒着失业的风险。
They risk their lives to save the drowning child.
他们冒着生命危险去救那个溺水的孩子。
[派生词] risky为形容词，译为"有危险的，有风险的".
Eg: Skydiving is a risky sport.
高空跳伞是一项高风险运动。
[即学即用]
1.We have been advised not to risk____________(travel) in these conditions.
( )2. If you put all your eggs in one basket, you______losing everything all at one time.
A.risk B.enjoy C.avoid D.consider
答案：1.travelling 2.A
9.fear 恐惧
[用法讲解] fear在泛指抽象的恐惧时为不可数名词；在特指具体恐惧对象或多种恐惧时为可数名词，其复数形式为fears;fear也可为动词，译为"恐惧".
Eg: I have a fear of heights.
我害怕高处。
There is a fear of a further increase in prices.
人们担心价格进一步上涨。
He fears the dark.
他害怕黑暗。
[常见搭配] have no fear 不要害怕，别担
for fear of...由于怕...，以防...
in fear of... 害怕，担心
fear doing sth.害怕做某事
fear for ... 担心，忧虑
Eg: Now I have no fear.
现在我不害怕。
She avoided the topic for fear of offending him.
她避免了这个话题，以免冒犯他。
They worked in fear of being caught.
他们在害怕被抓的状态下工作。
He fears disappointing others.
他害怕让别人失望。
She felt fear for her son's safety.
她为儿子的安全担忧。
[派生词]fearful为形容词，译为"害怕的，担心的";
fearless为形容词，译为"无畏的".
Eg:Parents are ever fearful for their children.
父母总是为子女担忧。
Lu Xun is a fearless fighter.
鲁迅是一名无畏的战士。
[即学即用]
When you are___________(fear), you can go a lot faster.
答案：fearless
10.responsibility 责任
[用法讲解] responsibility常为可数名词，其复数形式为responsibilities；但responsibility在表示抽象责任概念，如道德，社会或法律层面的总体义务时为不可数名词。
Eg: Her responsibilities include managing the team and overseeing projects.
她的职责包括管理团队和监督项目。
Success comes with great responsibility.
成功伴随重大责任。
[常见搭配] take responsibility (for)... 主动承担责任
social responsibility 社会责任
sense of responsibility 责任感
Eg: He took responsibility for the mistake.
他主动承担了错误的责任。
Companies should have social responsibility.
企业应有社会责任感。
She shows a strong sense of responsibility.
她表现出强烈的责任感。
[派生词] responsible为形容词，译为"有责任的，可靠的".
Eg: Parents should be responsible for their children's behavior.
父母应该对孩子的行为负责。
[即学即用]
It is the teacher's ______________(responsible) to ensure that all students understand the lesson.
答案：responsibility
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共36张PPT)
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains
八年级
外研版2024
下
课文解析一
1.growing pains and gains成长的烦恼与收获
[用法讲解] pain泛指"疼痛"时为不可数名词；pain特指"身体部位的疼痛"或"pain"前有形容词修饰时为可数名词，pain也可引申为"劳苦，辛劳";pain还可为动词，译为"使疼痛".
Eg:He suffered great pain after the accident.
事故后他遭受了巨大痛苦。
He has a pain in his knee.
他膝盖疼。
Her words pained him deeply.
她得话使他深感痛苦。
[常见搭配] No pains, no gains.不劳无获。
have a pain in 身体部位 身体某部位疼
in pain处于痛苦中
take pains to do sth.尽力做某事
spare no pains to do sth.不遗余力做某事
Eg: He has a sharp pain in his stomach.
他肚子疼得厉害。
The injured man was lying in pain on the ground.
受伤的男子痛苦地躺在地上。
She took pains to make the party a success.
她煞费苦心使聚会取得成功。
The teacher spared no pains to help the students improve their grades.
老师不遗余力地帮助学生提高成绩。
[派生词] painful为形容词，译为"疼痛的，痛苦的".
Eg: The painful memory still haunts him.
那段痛苦的记忆仍然萦绕在他心头。
[易混辨析] pain与ache区别：
pain使用范围较广，可指身体各部位的剧烈疼痛，也可指精神上的疼痛；
ache通常指持续的，隐隐的疼痛，多用于身体部位。
Eg: I have a pain in my stomach.
我肚子疼。
I have a bad headache.
我头痛得厉害。
[即学即用]
She has a constant p________in her knee.
ain
2.Growing up canbe exciting and difficult at the same time. 成长既令人兴奋又困难重重。
[用法讲解] grow为动词，译为"生长，成长，种植，发展，变得，产生"等，其过去式为 grew，其过去分词为grown.
Eg: I've decided to let my hair grow.
我已决定留长发。
Plants need sunlight and water to grow.
植物需要阳光和水才能生长。
The economy continues to grow.
经济持续增长。
He grew more confident as he spoke.
他说话时变得越来越自信。
A closeness grew up between the two girls.
这两个女孩的关系越来越亲密。
[常见搭配]grow up长大，成长
Eg: She wants to be a doctor after she grows up.
她长大后想当一名医生。
[易混辨析]become,turn,go,grow和get的区别
become译为"变得"，强调变化过程的完成及身份的变化；
turn译为"变得"，强调变化的结果，侧重颜色，方向或状态的变化；
go译为"变得"，强调由好变坏；
grow译为"变得"，强调逐渐变化的过程；
get译为"变得"，强调短暂或逐渐的变化，常与形容词连用。
Eg: He became famous.
他变得很有名。
The leaves turned yellow in autumn.
树叶在秋天变成黄色。
The meat went bad.
肉变质了。
The treegrew tall.
树长高了。
The days are getting longer and longer.
白天变得越来越长。
[即学即用]
( )The pollution problem is _______serious.
A.becoming B. turning C. getting D.growing
D
3.How are you getting along with your peers 你与同辈相处得如何
[用法讲解]短语"get along(well/ badly) with sb./sth."译为"与某人相处得(好/不好)"或"某事进展的(顺利/不顺利)"，就well/badly提问时用疑问词how.
Eg: I get along well with my classmates.
我和同学们相处得很好。
We need to make progress in getting along with this project.
我们需要在这个项目上取得进展。
How are you getting along with your new job
你新工作进展得如何
[即学即用]
She gets along well with her neighbour.(就划线部分提问)
___________________along with her neighbour
How does she get
4.What were Anne's "growing troubles" 安妮的"成长烦恼"是什么
[用法讲解]trouble为可数名词，译为"困难，烦恼，麻烦事"等，其复数形式为troubles; trouble还可为动词，译为"使忧虑，使苦恼".
Eg:The student's failing grades troubled his parents deeply.
这个学生成绩不及格使其父母深感忧虑。
Scientists are putting a good face on the troubles.
科学家们对这些困难似乎不以为意。
I'm having trouble finding anything new to say on this subject.
在这个课题上要提出什么新看法，我有困难。
[常见搭配] have trouble(in) doing sth.在做某事方面有困难
get into trouble陷入麻烦
get out of trouble走出困境
make trouble惹事生非
be in trouble处于困境中
take the trouble不怕费力
Eg: I have troubleunderstanding the instructions.
他理解这些指示有困难。
She got into trouble with the law.
她惹上了官司。
With his help, I got out of trouble quickly.
在他的帮助下，我很快走出了困境。
He always makes trouble for others.
他总是给别人惹麻烦。
He is in trouble and needs our help.
他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。
He took the trouble to explain the problem to me.
他不怕费力地向我解释了这个问题。
[即学即用]
1.I have trouble_________________(understand) this passage.
2.别惹事，否则你会有麻烦的。
Don't_______________, or you will_______________.
understanding
make trouble get into trouble
5.challenge 挑战
[用法讲解] challenge为可数名词，其复数形式为challenges，译为"挑战，质疑";challenge也可为动词，译为"向(某人)挑战，对...怀疑".
Eg:Then new policy faced a lotof challenges from the public.
这项新政策遭到了公众的诸多质疑。
The scientist challenged the traditional theory with his new research.
这位科学家用他的新研究对传统理论提出了质疑。
[常见搭配]take up/accept the challenge接受挑战
face a challenge面临一个挑战
challenge sb. to do sth.挑战某人做某事
Eg: The team decided to take up the challenge of designing a new app.
团队决定接受设计新应用程序的挑战。
The team faced many challenges during the construction of the bridge.
团队在建造桥梁过程中面临许多挑战。
He challenged me to a game of chess.
他挑战我一盘棋。
[派生词] challenging为形容词，译为"充满挑战的".
Eg:Teaching in a multicultural environment is a challenging but rewarding job.
在多元文化环境中教学是一份充满挑战但有回报的工作。
[即学即用]
Climate change poses a serious c____________ for humanity.
hallenge
6.loss失落
[用法讲解]loss作不可数名词时，译为"丧失，损失，丢失";loss为可数名词时，译为"损失的人/事/物"等，其复数形式为losses.
Eg: The companyreporteda huge financial loss this year.
公司今年报告了巨大的财务亏损。
She felt a deep sense of loss after her pet passed away.
宠物去世后，她感到深深的失落。
Theteam sufferedthree consecutive losses in the tournament.
该队在比赛中连续三场失利。
[常见搭配]at a loss困惑，不知所措
cut one's losses及时止损
Eg: I'm at a loss as to what to do next.
我不知道下一步该做什么。
The company decided to cut its losses and close the unprofitable branch.
公司决定及时止损，关闭亏损的分公司。
[派生词] lose为动词，译为"丢失";
lost为形容词，译为"丢失的".
Eg: Did you lose your wallet yesterday
你昨天丢钱包了吗
She was lost in the forest.
她在森林里迷路了。
[即学即用]
She felt a deep ______ (lose) when her best friend moved away.
loss
7.confidence 信心
[用法讲解]confidence为不可数名词。
Eg: Gaining confidence is key to success.
获得信心是成功的关键。
[常见搭配]have/ show confidence in ...对...有信心
with confidence自信地
Eg:We should have confidence in ourselves.
我们应该对自己有信心。
He answered the questions with confidence.
他自信地回答了问题。
[派生词]confident为形容词，译为"自信的".
[常见搭配]be confident (in oneself)(对自己)充满信心
be confident of...对...有把握
be confident about ...对...有信心
Eg: She is a confident woman.
她是一个自信的女人。
She is confident in her ability to succeed.
她自信有能力成功。
I am confident of my success.
我对成功有把握。
I am confident about my future.
我对我的未来很有信心。
[即学即用]
1.I'm____________(confidence) that you will get the job.
2.她对自己的能力有信心。
She_________________her abilities.
confident
has confidence in
8.risk风险
[用法讲解]risk为可数名词，其复数形式为 risks;risk还可为动词，译为"使冒险".
Eg: He is willing to take a risk to start his own business.
他愿意冒险创办自己的公司。
I wouldn't risk driving in such bad weather.
我不会冒着这么恶劣的天气开车的。
[常见搭配]at risk处于危险中
risk doing sth.冒险做某事
risk one's life冒着生命危险
Eg: Hundreds of thousands of people are at risk.
有几十万人正处于危险中。
She risked losing her job by speaking out against corruption.
她因公开反对腐败而冒着失业的风险。
They risk their lives to save the drowning child.
他们冒着生命危险去救那个溺水的孩子。
[派生词] risky为形容词，译为"有危险的，有风险的".
Eg: Skydiving is a risky sport.
高空跳伞是一项高风险运动。
[即学即用]
1.We have been advised not to risk____________(travel) in these conditions.
( )2. If you put all your eggs in one basket, you______losing everything all at one time.
A.risk B.enjoy C.avoid D.consider
travelling
A
9.fear 恐惧
[用法讲解] fear在泛指抽象的恐惧时为不可数名词；在特指具体恐惧对象或多种恐惧时为可数名词，其复数形式为fears;fear也可为动词，译为"恐惧".
Eg: I have a fear of heights.
我害怕高处。
There is a fear of a further increase in prices.
人们担心价格进一步上涨。
He fears the dark.
他害怕黑暗。
[常见搭配]have no fear不要害怕，别担
for fear of...由于怕...，以防...
in fear of...害怕，担心
fear doing sth.害怕做某事
fear for ...担心，忧虑
Eg: Now I have no fear.
现在我不害怕。
She avoided the topic for fear of offending him.
她避免了这个话题，以免冒犯他。
They worked in fear of being caught.
他们在害怕被抓的状态下工作。
He fears disappointing others.
他害怕让别人失望。
She felt fear for her son's safety.
她为儿子的安全担忧。
[派生词]fearful为形容词，译为"害怕的，担心的";
fearless为形容词，译为"无畏的".
Eg:Parents are ever fearful for their children.
父母总是为子女担忧。
Lu Xun is a fearless fighter.
鲁迅是一名无畏的战士。
[即学即用]
When you are___________(fear), you can go a lot faster.
fearless
10.responsibility 责任
[用法讲解] responsibility常为可数名词，其复数形式为responsibilities；但responsibility在表示抽象责任概念，如道德，社会或法律层面的总体义务时为不可数名词。
Eg: Her responsibilities include managing the team and overseeing projects.
她的职责包括管理团队和监督项目。
Success comes with great responsibility.
成功伴随重大责任。
[常见搭配]take responsibility (for)...主动承担责任
social responsibility社会责任
sense of responsibility责任感
Eg: He took responsibility for the mistake.
他主动承担了错误的责任。
Companies should have social responsibility.
企业应有社会责任感。
She shows a strong sense of responsibility.
她表现出强烈的责任感。
[派生词] responsible为形容词，译为"有责任的，可靠的".
Eg: Parents should be responsible for their children's behavior.
父母应该对孩子的行为负责。
[即学即用]
It is the teacher's______________(responsible) to ensure that all students understand the lesson.
responsibility
Thanks!
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
有大量高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队！！月薪过万不是梦！！
详情请看：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php

展开更多......

收起↑