资源简介

(共114张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
目 录
01
Part Ⅰ　Explore the world hunger problem
02
Part Ⅱ　Evaluate chemical farming and organic farming
03
课时检测·提能力
Part Ⅰ　Explore the world hunger problem
一、听力清障
1. World Food Day 世界粮食日
2. eliminate world hunger 消除世界饥饿
3. droughts， floods， and climate change 干旱，洪水和气候变化
4. major factors 主要因素
5. poverty n.贫穷，贫困
6. can’t afford to eat well 没钱吃好
7. eat enough nutritious food 吃足够的有营养的食物
8. have access to 有机会获得；可以使用；能够接近
9. lead to mass hunger 导致大规模饥荒
10. transportation n.运输；交通运输系统；交通工具
11. alleviate world hunger 缓解世界饥饿
12. make efforts to 努力做……
13. run a project 开展一个项目；运营一个项目
14. sustainable agriculture 可持续农业
15. individual n.个人；个体 adj.个别的；单独的
16. Just a quick message to our listeners.仅仅给我们听众一个简
短的信息。
二、教材听力二次开发
（一）听力测试
Listen to the conversation on P54 in the textbook and choose the best
answers to the following questions.
1. What does FAO stand for？（　　）
A. Food and Agriculture Office.
B. Food and Agriculture Organisation.
C. Future Agriculture Organisation.
√
2. According to the passage， which of the following is NOT a factor
contributing to world hunger？（　　）
A. Droughts and floods.
B. Poverty.
C. High population growth.
√
3. What project does the FAO run to help with the issue of world hunger？
（　　）
A. Sustainable Agriculture Project.
B. Food Aid Project.
C. Climate-Smart Agriculture Project.
√
4. What can individuals do to help alleviate world hunger according to the
conversation？（　　）
A. Donate money to the FAO.
B. Grow their own food.
C. Avoid wasting food.
√
（二）听力填空
Listen to the conversation on P54 in the textbook again and fill in the
blanks with the words or sentences you hear.
Host：Good morning， listeners.Today is World Food Day， and David
Bond from the UN’s FAO is here to 1.
.Welcome， David！ Please explain what the FAO is and what
its aims are.
talk to us about world
hunger
David：Good morning.For those who don’t know， FAO stands for
Food and Agriculture Organisation.And our aim is simple — to eliminate
world hunger， which， according to our latest figures， stands at
2. .
Host：So I guess things like droughts， floods， and climate change are
all major factors in this.
around 11% of the world’s population　
David：Yes， that’s right， they can all seriously affect crop
production.And another factor is poverty.There is strong evidence to
suggest 3. .And it’s
not just about having enough food to eat； people need to eat enough
nutritious food， which often they cannot afford or do not have access
to.The FAO believes everyone should have the right to healthy food.
Host：And what about war？ I’ve seen many researchers say 4.
.
that many people just can’t afford to eat well
that it
directly leads to mass hunger　
David：Absolutely true.Our research indicates that wars can heavily
affect food production and transportation， meaning that millions of
people have to go hungry.
Host：So what can we do to alleviate world hunger？
David： Well， the UN is making efforts to reduce climate change， and
the FAO runs a project called Climate-Smart Agriculture， 5.
.However， every
country needs to focus on making new achievements in agriculture，
too， which can often benefit the whole world.Like China， for
example， whose development of hybrid rice has greatly increased rice
production in many other countries.And， of course， global conflict
must be eliminated.And don’t forget 6.
： buy food that supports the environment， and
never waste food.
which
helps countries to develop sustainable agriculture
that we as individuals can also
make a difference　
Host：David Bond， thank you very much.Just a quick message to our
listeners： you can find more information on world hunger on the FAO
website ...
Part Ⅱ　Evaluate hemical farming and organic farming
1. Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical
farming？（　　）
A. They can fight crop disease and increase production.
B. They harm both the land and people’s health.
C. They can help produce rich soil.
D. They are not expensive.
√
2. What concerns many people about the use of pesticides？（　　）
A. Pesticides can damage the land.
B. Chemicals can stay in the soil for a long time.
C. Pesticides can kill harmful bacteria and insects.
D. Chemicals may make people ill and even cause cancer.
√
3. What do organic farmers focus on according to the third paragraph？
（　　）
A. Increasing their food production.
B. Improving the quality of their soil.
C. Making their crops grow fast enough.
D. Making their crops look more beautiful.
√
4. Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in each field
every few years？（　　）
A. It helps put important minerals back into the ground.
B. It can avoid damage to the environment.
C. It can help increase output.
D. The writer doesn’t tell us.
√
5. Why can’t we stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture
entirely？（　　）
A. Organic farming costs us a lot of money.
B. Organic farming can meet people’s need.
C. Chemical farming brings us huge profit.
D. Chemical farming helps meet our need for food.
√
核心词汇集释
1. in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
教材原句　This affects the crops grown on the land and， in turn， the
animals and humans who digest them.
这会影响土里种植的作物，继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。
【用法】
（1）by turns　　　　　　　轮流地
take turns （to do sth）　　轮流（做某事）
（2）It’s one’s turn to do sth　　轮到某人做某事
It turns out that ... 　　结果是/证明是……
【佳句】　For one thing， not only does it help to build up our body，
but it also helps us learn more effectively in turn.　（建议信）
一方面，它不仅有助于强身健体，而且反过来帮助我们更有效地
学习。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①When it was my turn （give） a speech， I was too excited
to speak.
②When my mother was ill， my brothers took turns （take）
care of her.
to give　
to take　
【写美】　完成句子
③结果爆米花很快售光，孩子们的努力获得了回报。
when the popcorn
was sold out quickly.
It turned out that the children’s efforts paid off　
2. alternative n.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的
教材原句　As an alternative， some farmers have switched to
organic farming， and many customers have turned to organic
food when they shop at the local grocery.作为另一种选择，有些
农民已经转向有机耕作，而且许多消费者在当地食品杂货店购物
时，也转而选择有机食品。
【用法】
（1）have no alternative but to do sth 　　别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth　有做某事的选择
an alternative to doing sth　　做某事的另一种选择
（2）alternatively adv.　　可供选择地；或者
【佳句】　Failure is the mother of success.Sometimes， in order to
succeed， we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn
from it.　（主旨升华）
失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们别无选择，只能勇敢地直
面失败并从中吸取教训。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative
to （communicate） with others.
communicating　
【写美】　完成句子
②面对海洋令人担忧的现状，人类别无选择，只能相互合作解决海洋
危机。毕竟，世界上没有东西可以是海洋的替代品。
Faced with the worrying current situation of oceans， human
beings to tackle
the ocean crisis.After all，nothing in the world can
oceans.
have no alternative but to cooperate with each other　
be an alternative
to　
重点句型解构
1. 句型公式：not only ... but （also） ... 不但……而且……
教材原句　For example， pesticides can damage the land by killing not
only harmful bacteria and insects， but also helpful ones.
例如，农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时，也会杀死有益的细菌和昆
虫，从而破坏土地。
【用法】
（1）not only ... but （also） ... 连接两个平行结构，当连接两个
名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据but also 后的名词来决定，
即就近原则；
（2）not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but
also后面的句子不倒装。
【佳句】　Not only have I tried something new， but it allows me to
take on responsibilities.
我不但尝试了新事物，而且它还让我承担了责任。
【写美】　完成句子/句式升级
①北京不仅是我们国家的政治中心，也是我们国家的文化中心。
Beijing is
.
②Oceans not only offer us plenty of food but also maintain the balance of
nature.
→ ， but they also maintain
the balance of nature.（倒装句）
not only the political center but also the cultural center of our
country　
Not only do oceans offer us plenty of food　
2. 句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
教材原句　Why different crops are grown is that they put important
minerals back into the ground， making it ready for the next batch of
crops.
种植不同作物是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中，让土壤为下
一批作物（的种植）做好准备。
【用法】
（1）动词-ing形式（短语）作结果状语，表示自然而然的、意料之
中的结果；
（2）动词不定式（短语）作结果状语，表示偶然的、意料之外的结
果，且前面常有only修饰。
【佳句】　We are taking advantage of various online programs for
further study， making it easier to improve ourselves.　（介绍信）
我们正在利用各种在线课程进行进一步学习，从而使我们更容易提高
自己。
【写美】　完成句子
①越野跑比赛使得我们可以临时从学业中走出来，让我们更加精力充
沛、更加快乐。
The cross-country running race allowed us to escape from our lessons for a
while， .
②他们的汽车遇上了交通堵塞，因而耽搁了。
Their car was caught in a traffic jam， thus .
leaving us more energetic and happier　
causing a delay　
Step 1｜品教材课文
CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
　　Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread
use in farming since the middle of the 20th century.When they were first
introduced， many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop
disease and increase production.[1]Over time， however， what some
scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both
the land and people’s health.
　[1]本句是一个复合句。what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。　
　　For example， pesticides can damage the land by killing not only
harmful bacteria and insects， but also helpful ones.In addition， these
chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long
time.This affects the crops grown on the land and， in turn， the animals
and humans who digest them.Many people worry that these chemicals
may make them ill and even cause cancer.In fact， some pesticides like
DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they
cause to people and the environment.As for chemical fertilisers， crops
grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.[2]They
may look beautiful on the outside， but inside there is usually more water
than essential minerals， and they often have less flavour as well.
　　[2]本句是一个复合句。but和and连接三个并列的句子。　
　　As an alternative， some farmers have switched to organic farming，
and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the
local grocery.Organic farming is simply farming without using any
chemicals.Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of
disease through natural means.For example， many organic farmers use
natural waste from animals as fertiliser.This makes the soil in their fields
richer in minerals.It also keeps the air， soil， water， and crops free of
chemicals.
　　Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich
soil.They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every
year.For instance， they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year，
and then grow beans there the next.[3]Why different crops are grown is
that they put important minerals back into the ground， making it ready
for the next batch of crops.
Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to
help keep it rich.For example， peanuts grow on the ground’s surface，
but many other vegetables put down deep roots.The goal of using different
organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to
the environment or to people’s health.
　　[3]本句是一个复合句。Why引导主语从句； that引导表语从
句； making it ready for the next batch of crops是动词-ing短语作结果
状语。
　　Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in
agriculture entirely.What keeps them from doing so is the fact that
chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the
world.Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that
need.Therefore， there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that
puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the
environment as healthy as possible.
Step 2｜析写作手法
　　本文是一篇说明文。文章分别介绍了化学耕作和有机耕作两种方
式的特点，并分析了各自的优缺点，最后的结论是人类如果想要既吃
得饱又吃得健康，同时保持环境的可持续发展，还有很长的路要走。
文章启发读者从多角度思考农业耕作的方式，辩证地看待化学耕作和
有机耕作的问题。
　　在文章结构上，作者采用了“先分后总”的信息组织方式，先介
绍化学耕作方式，再介绍有机耕作方式，最后谈了自己的看法——其
实，目前并没有一种耕作方式可以解决全部问题。
　　文章使用了说明、举例、对比等写作手法，并运用了大量的语篇
标识词，例如：表示转折的 however、 but，表示举例的for example、
for instance，表示并列和递进的and、 also，表示补充信息的 in
addition，用以引出不同信息的 as for、 as an alternative，用以引出原
因和结论的because、 therefore等。用这些标识词连接句子、构成语
篇，也体现了文章较强的逻辑性和说明内容的全面性。
参考译文
化学耕作与有机耕作
　　自二十世纪中叶以来，化学农药和人工肥料便广泛应用于耕作。
引入之初，二者被许多农民视为抵御作物病害、增加产量的好方法，
因而颇受欢迎。然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，长期使用
它们有时会危害土地和人类健康。
　　例如，农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时，也会杀死有益的细菌
和昆虫，从而破坏土地。此外，这些化学品会长期残留于土壤和地下
水源中。这会影响土里种植的作物，继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。
很多人担心这些化学品会致病，甚至引发癌症。事实上，由于对人类
和环境有害，“滴滴涕”等农药在大多数国家已被禁用。至于化学肥
料，用其施肥的作物通常生长过快而营养不足。此类作物外表靓丽，
而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质，并且往往口感较差。
　　作为另一种选择，有些农民已经转向有机耕作，而且许多消费者
在当地食品杂货店购物时，也转而选择有机食品。有机耕作就是不使
用任何化学品的耕作。有机耕作的农民注重通过天然的方法保持土壤
肥沃，没有病害。例如，许多有机耕作的农民使用天然的牲畜粪便作
为肥料，使农田土壤富含矿物质，也避免化学品进入空气、土壤、水
源和作物。
　　有机耕作的农民也采用许多其他方法维持土壤肥沃。他们通常每
年更换每块农田种植的作物种类。例如，他们可能一年在田里种植玉
米或小麦，第二年改种豆类。种植不同作物是为了把重要的矿物质重
新放回土壤之中，让土壤为下一批作物（的种植）做好准备。有机耕
作的农民也种植土壤深度要求不同的多样化作物，以保持土壤肥沃。
例如，花生长在土壤表层，而许多其他蔬菜则扎根于土壤深处。采用
不同的有机耕作方法，目的在于生产优质食物，同时避免损害环境和
人类健康。
　　有些人宁愿在农业中彻底停止使用人工化学品。他们不能如
愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求，而有机耕作
完全不能满足那样的需求。因此，想要找到一个合适的解决方
案，使人类和环境尽可能保持健康，又让人们有足够的食物可
吃，这还有很长的路要走。
Step 3｜背出彩佳句
一、提出论点，引入话题
1. Recently our class has had a debate about whether organic farming is
good for us.Different students hold different opinions.
最近，我们班就有机耕作是否对我们有益展开了一场辩论。不同的学
生有不同的看法。
2. Opinions about organic farming vary from person to person.Some
people are in favour of it while others are against it.
关于有机耕作的看法因人而异。一些人赞成，而另一些人反对。
二、列举正反方观点及其理由
1. Some students are in favour of organic farming.Firstly， they think the
vegetables of the organic farming are grown without any chemical
fertiliser.Besides， organic farming practices are designed to encourage
soil and water conservation and reduce pollution.Last but not least， more
and more people are demanding the most natural and nutritious choices for
their family.
有些学生赞成有机耕作。首先，他们认为有机耕作的蔬菜种植没有任
何化学肥料。此外，有机耕作方式旨在鼓励保持水土和减少污染。最
后但同样重要的是，越来越多的人要求为他们的家庭选择最天然和最
有营养的食物。
2. However， others are against organic farming because it costs a great
deal to develop it.
然而，其他人则表示反对有机耕作，因为开发它要花费很多钱。
三、表明自己的观点
1. As the old saying goes， “Everything has two sides.”It has both
advantages and disadvantages.
俗话说：“凡事都有两面性。”它既有优点，又有缺点。
2. All in all， I’m in favour of organic farming.I hope more and more
farmers will turn to organic farming in the future.总之，我支持有机耕
作。 我希望将来会有越来越多的农民转向有机耕作。
3. As far as I’m concerned， nothing is more important than health.That
is to say， we should choose organic farming for our health.
依我看来，没有什么比健康更重要。也就是说，为了我们的健康，我
们应该选择有机耕作。
　　假定你是李华，你们班就有机耕作和化学耕作进行了一场讨
论。请你结合你们的讨论结果，写一篇文章阐述一下你的观点，
内容包括：
　　（1）化学耕作的危害；
　　（2）有机耕作的优点及理由；
　　（3）作出总结。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1. 最近，我们就是否发展有机耕作进行了讨论。看法因人而异。
Recently organic
farming. .
2. 很明显，使用化肥有很多缺点。
It is obvious that using chemical fertilisers .
3. 最重要的是，残留在作物内部的化学物质会导致癌症或其他疾病。
Above all， the chemicals staying inside the crops
.
we held a discussion about whether to develop　
Opinions vary from person to person　
has many disadvantages　
can lead to cancer or
other illnesses　
4. 这些蔬菜生长得很快，几乎没有什么营养。
The vegetables .
5. 随着人们越来越富裕，他们非常重视健康。
As people are becoming richer，
.
6. 有机农产品只需使用天然肥料，使蔬菜和水果既美味又有营养。
Organic produce simply uses natural fertilisers，
and nutritive.
grow so fast that they contain little nutrition　
they attach great importance to
health　
making vegetables and
fruit tasty　
7. 这些农产品生长在干净的水中，从不使用农药，这对我们的健
康有益。
The produce grows in clean water and never uses pesticides，
.
8. 健康是第一财富，所以选择有机食品更明智。

which is
beneficial to our health　
Health is the first wealth， so it is wiser to choose organic food.
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
使用As the old saying goes改写句8


As the old saying goes， “Health is the first wealth.”So it is wiser to
choose organic food.
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目
　　

　　 　Recently we held a discussion about whether to develop organic
farming.Opinions vary from person to person.　
　　







　　

　　 　As the old saying goes， “Health is the first wealth.” So it is
wiser to choose organic food.　
　　 　It is obvious that using chemical fertilisers has many
disadvantages.Above all， the chemicals staying inside the crops can lead
to cancer or other illnesses.Besides， the vegetables grow so fast that they
contain little nutrition.However， as people are becoming richer， they
attach great importance to health， and organic produce simply uses
natural fertilisers， making vegetables and fruit tasty and
nutritive.Moreover， the produce grows in clean water and never uses
pesticides， which is beneficial to our health.　
词汇 情感 描写 ①convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服
②convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的
③convinced adj.确信的；坚信的
④intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
⑤deep down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上
⑥essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
词汇 动作描
写 ①tackle vt.解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理
②boost vt.使增长；使兴旺 n.增长；提高；激励
③overcome vt.克服；解决；战胜
④alleviate vt.减轻；缓解
⑤devote vt.把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于
⑥attain vt.（通常经过努力）获得；得到
佳句
①Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。
②Deep down， Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。
③They may look beautiful on the outside， but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals， and they often have less flavour as well.此类作物外表靓丽，而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质，并且往往口感较差。
④To tackle this crisis， he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.为了应对这一危机，他选择学习农业，在位于重庆的西南农学院接受教育。
⑤Instead， farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.相反，农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。
情境导语　我的朋友因考试不及格而悲伤。怎么做才能让他走出逆
境继续奋斗呢……
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1. 我看见我的朋友悲痛欲绝，我是如此焦虑以至于感觉自己就像热锅
上的蚂蚁。
， I was so anxious that I felt
like an ant on a hot pan.
Seeing my friend overcome with grief　
2. 我必须竭尽全力振奋他的精神，并说服他不要向暂时的失败屈服。
I must do whatever I could to
the temporary failure.
3. 我向他提供了一些有效的建议，以缓解他的悲伤和解决他的问题。
I offered him some effective suggestions
.
4. 他相信只有专心于学习他才能通过考试。
could he
pass the exam.
boost his spirits and convince him not to
yield to　
to alleviate his sadness and
tackle his problems　
He was convinced that only if he was devoted to his study　
5. 当我看到他走出阴霾，我心里像喝了蜂蜜一样甜。
When I saw him come out of the haze，
.（比喻）
my heart was as sweet as
honey　
第二步：过渡衔接连成篇
　　






　　 　Seeing my friend overcome with grief， I was so anxious that I felt
like an ant on a hot pan.I must do whatever I could to boost his spirits and
convince him not to yield to the temporary failure.I offered him some
effective suggestions to alleviate his sadness and tackle his
problems.Finally，he was convinced that only if he was devoted to his
study could he pass the exam.When I saw him come out of the haze， my
heart was as sweet as honey.　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Metals， which play an important role in our daily life， exist in nature
as m .
2. You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to d .
3. Her mother began to operate a small g to provide for the large
family.
4. The young man dived to a d of 40 feet， which I think is
dangerous.
inerals　
igest　
rocery　
epth　
5. The bridge will remain closed until e repair work has been
carried out.
6. He has no （可能的选择） but to try hard to finish it
on time.
7. We often succeed and fail for reasons that are （完全地）
out of our control.
8. Technological change is everywhere and affects every （方
面） of life，mostly for the better.
ssential　
alternative　
entirely　
aspect　
9. The peasant bought a bag of chemical （肥料） in the
marketplace.
10. A balanced diet provides （营养） for your body and
keeps you healthy.
fertiliser　
nutrition　
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. I fell behind my other classmates，
（使我既尴尬又羞愧）.
2. We are both in favour of the suggestion
（我们轮流照顾这位病人）.
3. （根植于我脑海的是） an
unforgettable experience.
making me embarrassed and
ashamed　
that we look after the patient
by turns　
What has been rooted in my mind is　
课时检测·提能力
Ⅰ.品句填词
1. As is reported， （有机的） farming is expanding in this
area.
2. As for my English studying plan， it includes mainly three
（方面）.
3. As for the drinks， we need more varieties， such as
coke， （矿物质） water， orange juice and apple juice.
4. We need continued efforts to alleviate （贫穷） and raise
living standards.
organic　
aspects　
mineral　
poverty　
5. In this sense， the girl had no （选择） but to wait for
a long time.
6. Don’t judge anything about the idea until you have understood
it （完全地）.
7. There is （广泛的） support for the new proposals.
8. It is （完全必要的） that everyone should be prepared
for emergencies.
alternative　
entirely　
widespread　
essential　
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. Exactly which （bacterium） cause the infection is still
unknown.
2. Please read more books in order to improve your
（digest） of the question.
3. The path of life leads upward for the wise to keep him from
（go） down to the grave.
4. （mineral） in general are not nearly so well absorbed as
other nutrients.
5. Strong light will affect the （deep） of colour of your
carpets and curtains.
bacteria　
digestion　
going　
Minerals　
depth　
Ⅲ.固定搭配和句式
1. We put our books in bookcases to
（为了不让它们沾上灰尘）.
2. The nurses （轮流照顾） the
patient.
3. She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground，
（摔成了碎片）.
keep them free from/of dust　
took turns to attend/in attending　
breaking it
into pieces　
4. When we heard
（老爷爷去世的消息）， we were overcome with extreme
sadness.
5. （保持环境
清洁无污染） is the key step to making people’s lives healthy.
the news that the old grandfather （had） passed
away　
Keeping the environment clean and free of pollution　
Ⅳ.一词多义/熟词生义
快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思
1. in turn
A. 依次 B. 反过来 C. 轮流
①The girls took it in turn to wipe down the tables after meals.　
②The host filled the guests’ glasses in turn.　
③All theories come from practice and in turn serve practice.　
C　
A　
B　
2. depth
A. 深刻 B. 浓重 C. 深度
①Her writings have extraordinary depth and solidity.　
②The smaller lake ranges from five to fourteen feet in depth.　
③The blue base gives the red paint more depth.　
快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的汉语意思
A　
C　
B　
3. There was widespread criticism of the government’s handling of the
disaster.　
4. Perhaps the most widespread family of trees on the world’s deserts is
the acacia.　
广泛的　
分布广的　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Anyone who has gardened will be familiar with insects.You may not
know them by name， but you know that they can do a lot of damage to
plants， sometimes destroying them completely.But not all insects are
bad.There are many beneficial insects that can help to fight those plant-
eating insects in your garden.You can attract beneficial insects to your
garden by providing specific plants just for them.Beneficial insects are
like teenage boys.If you feed them， they will keep coming back for
more.
　　There are a large variety of common plants and flowers that attract
beneficial insects.Beneficial insects are not only attracted to plants which
are infected with their insect prey （猎物）， but they also tend to be
selective about the plants on which they lay their eggs.Some of these
plants may already be in your garden， and others are a worthy addition.
　　Plants with umbrella-shaped flowers are very attractive to a number of
beneficial insects.Queen Anne’s lace and dill are examples of plants that
produce blooms with an umbrella shape.
　　Green or brown lacewings and ladybugs will also appreciate the same
umbrella-shaped flowers.Lacewings prefer to lay their eggs in shady areas
that are protected from the weather.They’ll be happy to find some of
their favourite plants in a quiet， protected corner of the
garden.Lacewings lay eggs on their favourite host plants， with each tiny
egg appearing on the end of a thin thread attached to a leaf.Learn to
recognize the beneficial insects in your garden in both their adult and larval
（幼虫的） stages so you don’t neglectfully destroy these little garden
helpers.Tachinid flies look like hairy house flies， and they lay their eggs
on caterpillars （毛虫） that can do a lot of damage in a garden.Tachinid
fly larvae will destroy corn earworms， cabbage worms and army worms.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。益虫可以被吸引到花园里来减轻病
虫害，文章介绍了益虫偏好的植物类型。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。益虫可以被吸引到花园里来减轻病
虫害，文章介绍了益虫偏好的植物类型。
1. What is mainly talked about in the passage？（　　）
A. How to protect beneficial insects.
B. How to tell beneficial insects from harmful ones.
C. What kinds of plants beneficial insects like most.
D. What beneficial insects can do for us.
解析： 　主旨大意题。根据对全文的综合分析理解可知，本文主要
介绍了益虫偏好的植物类型。
√
2. How can we attract beneficial insects？（　　）
A. By giving them food often.
B. By providing proper plants.
C. By giving them honey often.
D. By providing harmful insects.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第三句You can
attract ... just for them.可知，我们可以通过在花园里种植特定
的植物来吸引益虫。
√
3. What kinds of plants do beneficial insects like most？（　　）
A. Plants with umbrella-shaped flowers.
B. Plants with a lot of leaves.
C. Plants with sweet smells.
D. Plants with a lot of flowers.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，益虫最喜欢开伞状
花的植物。
√
4. Which of the following belong to beneficial insects？（　　）
A. Tachinid flies. B. Corn earworms.
C. Cabbage worms. D. Army worms.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可推知，寄生蝇的
幼虫寄生在对花园有害的毛虫体内，因此它是益虫。
√
B
　　Being a writer in the 21st century can keep you in front of a screen for
so long that it feels like the room is sideways.Being a human with the
Internet can mean hours spent on social media， scrolling and posting for
so long that your sense of reality actually becomes sideways.Three years
ago， I started to search for ways to deal with my anxiety.I had a brilliant
idea， one that felt completely foreign to people like me： I’d go
outside， to the real outside.
　　I grew up in the city， not hiking or camping， so I knew nothing
about the outdoors.I have three kids with endless energy， so I figured I
could solve two questions at once.I would get a breather from my job and
the kids would play with insects and realize there is nothing better than
nature.
　　We drove to Great Falls， Virginia， where hundreds of people on
any given day spent hours meandering through the hillside and forest.The
blue water pulsed， turning white and crashing powerfully hundreds of
feet beneath us.The kids held their breath as if they had seen magic.But
it’s just nature， just the outside， and that had been there all
along.Since then， we’ve been fascinated.
　　Last summer I felt my home’s walls closing in， so I decided to go
camping.I built my first fire.My kids watched my every move， asking
every ten minutes to help get more branches and roast meat.After about a
month， my craving to take a break from the city grew again.We camped
two more times before the cold came， each time seeing a bit more of
what nature had to offer city folks.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者三年前为了减少焦虑，选择走
向户外。从此爱上了亲近大自然，还培养了孩子享受自然之美的兴
趣。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者三年前为了减少焦虑，选择走
向户外。从此爱上了亲近大自然，还培养了孩子享受自然之美的兴
趣。
5. Why did the author decide to go outside three years ago？（　　）
A. Because he was interested in nature.
B. Because he hoped to reduce anxiety.
C. Because he fell in love with camping.
D. Because he was eager for the outdoors.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，作者在三年前决定
走出去是因为他希望减少焦虑。
√
6. What does the author want his kids to do？（　　）
A. Enjoy the beauty of nature.
B. Stay away from social media.
C. Learn to protect themselves.
D. Choose to do what they are fond of.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，作者希望他的孩
子们享受自然之美。
√
7. How did the kids feel about the tour to Great Falls？（　　）
A. Tired. B. Scared.
C. Bored. D. Excited.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段第三句可推知，孩子们对大瀑布
之旅感到兴奋。
√
8. What does the underlined word “craving” in the last paragraph
mean？ （　　）
A. Memory. B. Chance.
C. Desire. D. Ability.
解析： 　词义猜测题。画线词下文提到他们又露营了两次，说明作
者渴望离开城市，休息一下。由此推测，画线词意为“渴望”。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Everyone can benefit from better communication.9.（　　） Of
course， we know that isn’t true， but this shouldn’t stop you
improving your communication skills.Here are a few tips to help you
become a better communicator.
　　·10.（　　）
　　Verbal （口头的） language is only one part of the
communication — body language is another.If you ever want to know
how to tell if someone is lying， body language is the answer.Your body
language tells other people what you aren’t verbally saying： if you are
anxious， confident， confused， angry or in any other type of emotion
or state of mind.If you become good at reading body language， it will
help you become a better communicator.
　　·Listen to others.
　　Before you ever begin to speak， take a minute to see if anyone else
has something to say.11.（　　） Listening to others has many
benefits， such as allowing you to learn new things or get information that
you may later need.
　　·Think before you speak.
　　Your parents probably told you this when you were young， but many
people still do not take a moment to think about the words they are about to
say.12.（　　） There is a time and place for all words and tones of
voice.
　　13. （　　） You will have to practice your communication skills
before you can ever become an excellent communicator.
A. This is not an overnight thing.
B. Singing a song for them is good.
C. Become fluent in body language.
D. Don’t try to make the conversation go your way.
E. You should decide what you want to get in a conversation before you
choose your words.
F. If you are too anxious， you can’t look for the right body language to
use in communication.
G. In fact， if everybody were an excellent communicator， the world
would be a much better place.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如何更好地与人交流呢？作者给出
了3种提升交流技巧的有效方法。
9. G　空前讲到每个人都能从更好的交流中受益。G项（事实上，
如果大家都能成为一名优秀的交流者，世界会变得更加美好）符
合语境。
10. C　空处为段落主题句，本段主要讲有效运用和读懂肢体语言的
好处。C项（精通肢体语言）可以概括本段大意。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如何更好地与人交流呢？作者给出
了3种提升交流技巧的有效方法。
11. D　空前提到，在你开口讲话之前，要先看看别人是不是有话要
说，空后提到倾听他人有很多益处。D项（不要试图让谈话按照自己
的意愿进行）符合语境。
12. E　本段主要讲三思而后言的重要性，E项（在选择措辞之前，你
应该先决定你想从谈话中得到什么）承接上文，符合语境。
13. A　根据下一句可知，成为善于交流的人并非一日之功，需要不
断地练习，A项（这不是一蹴而就的事）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　On a beautiful September evening， my 11-year-old grandson，
Josh， and his team were warming up for their first football game of the
season.
　　At six， the 　14　 called the captains forward， said something and
blew his whistle.The two teams 　15　 separately.I was shocked.The
other team were， 　16　， ten inches taller than our players.It didn’t
take long for their 　17　 advantage to show.They took a 7∶0 lead
very 　18　.At the half， the score stood at 34 to 6.Josh 　19　 minimal
play time.In the second half， they used Josh more often.The score
climbed to 40 to 6.
　　Once again， the other team began their 　20　 down the field.Their
quarterback threw the ball.The receiver caught it and 　21　 the
goal.There was only one man in his way — Josh.Josh dove （扑）
and 　22　 that boy’s legs with all his strength.The receiver dragged
Josh a couple of yards and 　23　 fell down.
　　On the next play， their quarterback shot an opening and rushed to
the goal， but there was Josh again.Josh knocked him off his feet
and 　24　 another goal.They scored on the last play， but it wasn’t
Josh’s fault.The game ended with a score of 48 to 6.
　　On the way home， I wanted to 　25　 Josh， but he turned to me
with a wide smile.“Grandpa， that was a 　26　 game.”
　　“But you lost， 48 to 6！”
　　“I know， but I did well.”
　　The boy understood the 　27　 better than I did.They didn’t win，
but he did his best.I was proud of him.More 　28　， he was proud of
himself.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孙子Josh参加足球
赛，并全力以赴，虽然输掉了比赛，但是他仍为自己感到自豪。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孙子Josh参加足球
赛，并全力以赴，虽然输掉了比赛，但是他仍为自己感到自豪。
14. A. player B. judge
C. coach D. receiver
解析： 　根据下文，尤其是句尾的his whistle可知，此处指在六点裁
判员（judge）把队长们叫上前。
15. A. gathered B. practiced
C. celebrated D. wandered
解析： 　根据语境及常识可知，此处指两支球队分别集合
（gathered）。
√
√
16. A. in total B. on average
C. at length D. for example
解析： 　根据语境可知，此处是指另外一个队的队员的平均（on
average）身高比我们的队员的身高高10英寸。
17. A. speed B. strength C. age D. size
解析： 　根据上文对方球队队员的身高远高于“我”孙子所在的球
队队员的身高可知，此处指没过多久他们的身高尺寸（size）优势就
显现出来了。
√
√
18. A. often B. soon
C. regularly D. rarely
解析： 　根据语境可推知，此处指很快（soon），对方就以7∶0
领先。
19. A. saw B. lost C. expected D. wasted
解析： 　根据空后一句可知，在下半场（比赛），他们更多地让
Josh上场。据此可推知，在上半场Josh的比赛时间很少。see经历，符
合语境。
√
√
20. A. break B. search
C. charge D. debate
解析： 　根据下文可知，四分卫把球抛传给接球手，接球手带球袭
进。据此可知，对方球队再一次发起了冲锋（charge）。
21. A. let in B. fought for
C. went in D. headed for
解析： 　参见上题解析。head for朝……进发。
√
√
22. A. made room for B. looked up at
C. took hold of D. kept away from
解析： 　根据常识可知，此处指Josh扑过去，用尽全身力气抓住
（took hold of）那个男孩的腿。
23. A. accidentally B. finally
C. deliberately D. gradually
解析： 　根据语境可知，接球者拖着Josh走了几码，最终（finally）
摔倒了。
√
√
24. A. saved B. gained C. tried D. kicked
解析： 　根据语境可知，Josh撞倒了他，又一次救下了
（saved）球。
25. A. trick B. scold C. praise D. comfort
解析： 　根据上文可知，Josh所在的球队输了，再结合常识可知，
此处指在回家的路上，“我”想要安慰（comfort）他。
26. A. great B. close C. silly D. vital
解析： 　根据下文及选项可推知，此处指Josh告诉“我”那场比赛
很棒（great）。
√
√
√
27. A. team B. play C. game D. field
解析： 　根据上文多次出现的game，并结合Josh对这场球赛的评价
可知，此处指他对这场球赛（game）的理解比“我”好。
28. A. seriously B. fortunately
C. specifically D. importantly
解析： 　根据语境可知，此处指更重要的是（more importantly），
他为自己而自豪。
√
√

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