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专题突破—阅读理解
微技能3 推理判断
常见设问方式:
1. Where is the passage probably from
2. What’s the purpose of this passage
3. What can we learn /know from the story
4. How does the writer feel？
5.We can usually read the passage in ____.
6. The message is mainly for____.
7. What can we infer from the text
8. What do you think of the man
9. What does the writer want to tell us
10. Why does the writer write this article
11. The passage is most probably written for ......
解题技巧
首先通过寻读找到相关信息点(推理的依据)；然后细读、理解相关信息点的字面意义；最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。
注意：
1. 根据文中信息进行推理，不要掺杂自己的主观想法或经验。
2. 如果选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，就不是推论。
3. 如果选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，属于主观臆断的结论，不是正确答案。
4. 如果某个选项所表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案。
5. 文中的情态动词(should，must，may等)往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，这有助于我们确定正确答案。
Passage 1
The Curriculum Standard(课程标准) also suggests setting up Labor(劳动) Week. Besides, Labor Week and at least 1 hour of labor class per week cannot take the place of each other. At the same time, schools should teach parents the value of labor to students’ development, the importance of labor courses through parents’ meetings, parents schools, parents’ open days, and a letter to parents, so as to help parents to form a correct understanding of labor education.
5. What can we infer from the paragraph
A. Parents play a key role in labor education.
B. Parents get in the way of carrying out the labor education.
C. The Curriculum Standard should follow parents’ advice.
Passage 2
22 April，2022，Friday
Today was the first day of practice. We had an 800-metre race and I came...last. I comforted myself with the thought that I was the only girl on the team. But the coach seemed to be able to read my mind. He said. “It’s okay to be the last but you need to forget about yourself during training and being a girl isn’t an excuse.” I made up my mind to run an hour every day from then on.
64. What did the writer learn in the coach’s words from the diary
A. The girls usually ran more slowly than boys.
B. She shouldn’t make excuses for being the last.
C. Practicing hard was the best way to win the race.
Paragraph 3
However, it was a long and difficult road for her to make such achievements. She said that in order to realize her dream, she experienced a lot of failures and pains. But she never gave up her dream. Instead, she followed her dream and fought for it.
She usually works at least 14 hours a day. Sometimes she even forgets to eat and rest and works until late night. She never gets tired because she thinks doing research is the most “comfortable” job for her.
In a TV interview, Yan encouraged young people to work hard for their dreams. “All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to follow them.”
1. We can learn from the passage that ________．
A. Yan wanted to give up when she had failures and pains in research
B. Yan never gets tired because doing research is the easiest job
C. Yan achieved her dream because she had the courage to follow it
Paragraph 4
King's College Summer School
King's College Summer School is an annual（每年的） training program for all the middle school students who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King's College and other colleges in New York. This year's summer school will be from June I to July 15.
You can most probably read the text in .
A. a newspaper B. a travel guide C. a textbook
Paragraph 5
I once read a line in a poem that went, “Love everyone as your own”. I related because I grew up with a big American family. And neighbors were in and out of each others homes at any given hour of any day for years! Everybody was family. Italian and French mixed with English, and we got along with each other very well.
( )1.What can we learn from the first paragraph
A. The writer didn't get on well with others around when she was young.
B. The writer got on well with the neighbors and relatives.
C. The writer had a rich life when she was young.
Paragraph 6
New technology like facial recognition(脸部识别)technology helps to make our lives more convenient in many ways. People can easily come into their office buildings and check e-mails by using it. It can also help the police to find missing kids and bad people by sending the pictures taken from video cameras on the streets to the facial recognition system(系统). More and more shoppers use their e-wallets with the new technology to pay for things they buy in the shopping malls and many kinds of stores.
13.What can we know about facial recognition technology from Paragraph 2
A. It helps us a lot in our life.
B. It helps us go anywhere fast.
C. It lets stores make more money.
Passage 7
Recently, many people are talking about an acknowledgement(致谢) from a doctoral thesis(博士论文).“I have come a long way and had many difficulties to present this thesis before you,” the writer, Huang Guoping, wrote at the beginning of his thesis.
In the thesis, he said he was born in a mountainous area and his mother left home when he was12. His father died in a traffic accident(交通事故) when he was 17.
After going from a middle school in a mountainous area to Southwest University in Chongqing（西南大学(重庆)）and finally to the Chinese Academy of Sciences(中科院)，he said, “I couldn't remember how many times I couldn't stand the difficulties in life. But I just wanted to keep studying and get out of the mountainous area, and I also wanted to make my life meaningful.”
At the end of the acknowledgement, Huang described his wishes. “I hope I can keep a young heart after years of fighting. I hope I can get to know the world in a new way. And I would feel my life is meaningful if I could do something to make someone else's life better.”
69. The underlined word “fighting" means ________in Chinese.
A.奋斗 B. 经营 C.努力
70. The purpose of this passage is to________.
A. show Huang Guoping's acknowledgement
B. introduce Huang Guoping's experience
C. hope Huang Guoping's wishes to come true
Paragraph 8
I believed that I was right and he was wrong，and Tony believed that I was wrong and he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady，decided to teach us a lesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and round object. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what color the object was. "White, " Tony answered. I couldn't believe he said the object was white! "Clearly，it was black!" Another argument started between Tony and me，this time about the color of the object.
2.How did the writer feel when Tony answered "white" in paragraph 2？
A. Surprised. B. Pleased. C. Afraid.
微技能4 篇章结构
常见设问方式：
1. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
2. The structure of the passage may be ……
3. How is the passage organized
4. The passage is written in the order of ......(time, space, person ......)
解题技巧：
1. 通读全文，理解文章大意；
2. 分析各段大意，分析段落是否讲同一个内容，同一内容的段落属于同一层；
3. 比对选项，选择较符合的篇章结构。
Passage 1
We always learn something in our daily life. When I was in high school, our physics teacher gave us a challenge and asked us to make a paper plane of any shape. The only goal was to get it to fly as far as possible. I had many paper plane-making skills, so I made the best plane I could and it flew pretty far.
One boy made the greatest, yet the simplest paper plane. He stood there at the starting line with a normal piece of paper. Some classmates stretched(伸长) their heads while laughing quietly to themselves. Moments later, he took the flat of paper, made it into a ball, and threw it down the hallway. We were so shocked about what he had done. We never expected things to happen like this. All of us were beaten easily by him.
Some of the students got mad and said that he cheated. The physics teacher said, “How so He didn't do anything wrong because a paper ball is indeed a shape.” Yes, the boy didn't cheat. He just finished the task in a different way.
In our life, what we are taught turns into our experience. We do everything according to it. However, our experience gets in the way of our development at some point. It stops us from coming up with new ideas and destroys(破坏) our creativity. So it is really necessary for us to learn to think outside of the experience. Then we may discover much easier ways which produce a better result. Just like the boy in the story, we are supposed to think creatively.
（ ）74. Which picture shows the structure(结构)of the passage
② ① ①
③ ② ③
④ ④ ② ③ ④
A B C
（ ）75. What is the best title of the passage
A. The Value of Experience
B. The Development of Thinking
C. The Importance of Creative Thinking
Passage 2
For most students in senior high school, August is the month for military training(军训). It serves as a good chance to meet our classmates and get ready for our school life.
Our school's training took place from Aug 23 to 29. One of the challenges was to make a blackboard newspaper for our new classroom. When I found out that I was in charge of this project, I was nervous. Could I manage to both complete this project and get ready for the closing concert
The project began on Aug 24. The three other girls in the group were versatile(多才多艺的). My group gave up our lunch break so that we would have more time to work. One girl in my group asked about my design, saying that we should shorten the text and leave more space for pictures. The arguments between us upset me from time to time, but I tried to stay calm. I thought hard about whether or not to take her suggestions and then made some changes. I found that she had a lot of good ideas. As time went by, even when I was absent from practice, I wasn't worried about leaving the project to her.
Finally, it was time for our project to be judged(评价). Our teacher said that no matter what the results might be, our efforts were still impressive.
Our class eventually won first prize in the competition. But our teacher was right: The outcome didn't matter. I had never seen a class with such a strong sense of group honor, and at that moment, I realized that I was working with a great group of students.
( )74. How does the author feel about this group of students
A. He is strict with them. B. He is proud of them. C. He is angry with them.
( )75. Which picture shows the structure(结构) of the passage
①②③④ ① ①②
②③④ ③
⑤ ⑤ ④⑤
A B C

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