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(共34张PPT)
Unit 1 Helping those in need
Period 3 Grammar
沪教牛津（2024）八年级
下
Learning objectives
0
Lead in
Pre-learning
2
While-learning
Post-learning
4
Summary
Assessment
6
Homework
1
3
5
7
By the end of the lesson, I will be able to...
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2
3
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master the structure of infinitive verbs;
use infinitives correctly in specific contexts;
discover the rules and use language properly；
understand the significance of voluntary activities.
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Learning objectives
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Lead in
01
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Appreciation of classic sentences .
What is “to be”
I plan to dance.
to sing.
to read.
to exercise.
predicate
谓语
non-predicate
非谓语
to + V原= infinitive （动词）不定式
What is “not to be”
1
2
否定形式 not to do
to do
英语黄金原则：
一个简单句只有一个谓语
谓语是一个句子的心脏
Lead in
01
一句一谓
皇上=句子
皇后=谓语动词=时态语态
妃位=非谓语动词=其他动词
不定式 to do
动名词 v-ing
分词
现在分词：doing
过去分词：done
助记
Lead in
01
非谓语
非谓语
01
简单句：
1主1谓语—— I plan to dance.
并列句：
由并列连词连接—— I plan to dance and she is going to sing.
复合句：
主句+从句 —— I plan to sing the song which I just learned.
常见句子结构.
Pre-learning
Pay attention: 从句也算句子，也可以包含主谓宾！
02
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Pre-learning
Exploring and applying rules
Read the sentences below. Pay attention to the words in bold.
Jin Ya wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home.
We encouraged them to tell stories from their own life.
My mother and I will continue to visit Liu Yun in our spare time.
The words in bold are “infinitives”.
Try to sum up the rules of infinitives!
02
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Pre-learning
Exploring and applying rules
While-learning
03
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Special rules of infinitives.
Read the sentences below and work out the rules.
He saw a volunteer help an elderly lady.
She heard the singer perform for the children in the next room.
Let me tell you what I saw last night.
We also use an infinitive without to after some verbs:
v. + object + infinitive
Think: 部分不定式后可省略to，你能想到哪些呢？
Special rules of infinitives.
While-learning
有些动词不定式作宾语时要省略to，
如: have, make, let; watch, hear, notice, see, feel, help 等
03
stay
1. He lost his key. It made him _____(stay) in the cold to wait for his wife.
2. 我让他离开了房间。
I let him leave the room.
Special rules of infinitives.
While-learning
口诀：一“感”（feel），二“听”（hear, listen to），三 “让/使”（let, make, have），五“看”（watch, see, look at, notice, observe），半“帮助”（help后可省略to, 也可带to）。
03
How do we use infinitives
1. To talk (talk) with him is a great pleasure.
2. _______ (learn) a new language is helpful.
3. ________ (swim) in the sea is dangerous.
To learn
1. It is helpful to read a new book.
2. ______a great pleasure _______ with him.
3. ______ dangerous ________ in the sea.
It is + adj. + to do sth.
用法1： 不定式作主语，谓语动词用____数，
To swim
to talk
It is
It is
to swim
有时可用it作形式主语
单
03
总结：动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用(单数 / 复数)。有时可用(it / this)作形式主语，不定式后置作(形式主语 /真正的主语 / 假主语)。
很高兴听他的演讲。
his speech is a great pleasure.
= (用it作形式主语改写)
To listen to
It is a great pleasure to listen to his speech.
03
How do we use infinitives
1. Three teenagers offered ______ (do) some
volunteer work.
2. Cindy wanted _______ (paint) a picture of the
park.
3. We need ______( to help) the children.
to do
to paint
to help
choose, hope, offer, want, decide, learn, plan, wish, like, hate,
begin, agree, help, pretend, promise ...
用法2： 不定式作宾语
动词
宾语
03
03
How do we use infinitives
1. We taught the children______ (tell) stories.
2. Mark asked the children _______ (sing).
3. My parents expect me ______(go) to an ideal school.
to tell
to sing
to go
用法3： 不定式作宾补（ v+宾语+to do)
宾语
宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾补的动词
warn, tell, allow, ask, order, get, invite, wish, want, encourage…… + sb. to do sth.
03
How do we use infinitives
1. She came _________(collect) her books.
2. He bought flowers___________ (send) his girlfriend.
3. Jack got up early _______ (catch) the first bus.
to collect
to send
to catch
用法4： 不定式作目的状语
in order to
4. She wore a heavy coat ______________ (keep) warm.
5. She arrived early ______________ (get) a good seat.
in order to keep
in order to get
03
Read the poster below.Pay attention to the words in bold.
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I don’t know what to do.
how to do it / that.
(去哪里)
(什么时候出发)
(选择哪个)
where to go
when to leave
which one to choose
用法5：疑问词+不定式
03
【练一练】
1. He gave us some advice on (如何学英语).
2. I don’t know (什么时候开始).
3. Excuse me, could you tell me ____________________________(书店怎么走)
how to learn English
when to start/begin
how to get to the bookstore
用法5：疑问词+不定式
03
inviting everyone to take part in
want to paint
let me go
told me to stay
want me to take
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Practice.
Post-learning
teach you to paint
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Practice.
Post-learning
1. I saw a teenager to carry an old lady’s bags.
2. My teacher often helps me solving maths problems.
3. She hopes her to pass the mid-term exam.
4. My mum asked me to not go anywhere today.
5. Have a bright future, we try our best to gain knowledge.
see sb. do
(to) solve
help sb. (to) do
hope to do
not to
To have
ask sb. not to do
Practice
04
2. Answer the questions below with infinitives. Use the information from the posts on page 5 to help you. P10
Why did the three teenagers offer to do some voluntary work during the school holidays
Why did Dong Lili go to the children’s hospital
They did some voluntary work during the school holidays to help others.
Dong Lili went to the children's hospital to cheer the children up with some fun activities.
04
Practice.
Post-learning
(3) Why did Dong Lili go to the park near Jin Ya’s home
(4) Why did Wang Jie and his mother encourage Liu Yun to share her stories
(5) Why did Ding Ling teach disabled children to sing
Dong Lili went to the park near Jin Ya’s home to take some photos for her painting.
Wang Jie and his mother encouraged Liu Yun to share her stories to help her express her feelings.
Ding Ling taught disabled children to sing to bring them joy.
Practice.
Post-learning
04
More practice.
Sawyer promised ______ (give) his daughter a new computer.
Fanfan challenged me ______ (play) another tennis game.
I often heard my neighbour ______ (play) the piano in the evening.
After a hot discussion, everyone agreed ______ (stop) their work.
Don’t let your parents ______ (worry) about you.
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
to give
to play
play
to stop
worry
Post-learning
04
Post-learning
04
Grammar in use.
1 Role-play a conversation about helping others. Use at least two different infinitive structures. You can use the example below to help you.
S1: What can we do to help children in poor areas
S2: We can donate money and clothes. To do that, we first need to raise some money.
S3: Our head teacher asked us to organize a school fair.
S4: That’s a good way to raise money!
Post-learning
04
Grammar in use.
3 Write a dialogue about your experiences helping others or your future volunteering plans. Use at least three infinitives in the dialogue.
2 Talk in groups about doing voluntary work. Use the questions to help you.
The grammar we have learned
Summary
05
动词不定式作宾语
动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式作目的状语
结构
用法
动词 + to + do
动词 + 宾语 + (to) +do
动词不定式可以跟在一些动词之后，作这些动词的宾语
用来补充说明宾语，表示宾语的状态、特征、身份等
表示某一动作或状态的目的 (做某事是为了什么)
to + do
Assessment
06
评价内容 评分（1–5）
1. 我能辨别动词不定式的基本形式。 1 2 3 4 5
2. 我能正确使用动词不定式的三种结构（v. + to do; v. + object + to do; v. + object + do）。 1 2 3 4 5
3. 我能在对话或写作中综合运用动词不定式进行表达。 1 2 3 4 5
4. 我在语法学习中，形成了观察、归纳、运用、总结的逻辑链条。 1 2 3 4 5
根据Grammar in use 的活动要求，撰写五段对话，每段至少使用一种动词不定式的结构。
Basic (基础)
整理课堂内容，小组合作绘制“动词不定式”用法结构的思维导图。
Improving(提升)
撰写一个60-80词的语段，描述一项志愿服务活动计划。要求至少使用6次动词不定式，且涵盖动词不定式的三种结构。
Extend (拓展)
Homework
07
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