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外研版七年级下册 Unit 4 单词表
教师备课材料
1. able
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：有能力做……的，会做……的
近义词：capable, competent
反义词：unable, incapable
词性转换：ability (n. 能力)， enable (v. 使能够)， disable (v. 使残疾；使失效)
常见搭配：be able to do sth. (能够做某事)
例句：
Will you be able to come to the meeting tomorrow (你明天能来开会吗？)
He is able to speak three languages. (他会说三种语言。)
2. alone
词性：adv. (副词) & adj. (形容词)
词义：adv. 单独，独自 adj. 单独的；孤独的
近义词：by oneself, lonely (adj. 感觉孤独的)
反义词：together, accompanied (有人陪伴的)
词性转换：loneliness (n. 孤独)
常见搭配：live alone (独居)， leave sb. alone (让某人独处；不打扰某人)
例句：
She likes to walk home alone after school. (她喜欢放学后独自走回家。)
He felt very alone in the new city. (在新城市里他感到非常孤独。)
3. balanced
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：均衡的；平衡的
近义词：even, stable
反义词：unbalanced, uneven
词性转换：balance (n./v. 平衡)， unbalance (v. 使失衡)
常见搭配：balanced diet (均衡饮食)， balanced view (客观公正的看法)
例句：
It's important to have a balanced diet and regular exercise. (均衡饮食和规律锻炼很重要。)
She tries to keep a balance between work and family. (她努力在工作和家庭之间保持平衡。)
4. bored
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：厌烦的，不感兴趣的；烦闷的
近义词：uninterested, tired of
反义词：interested, excited, entertained
词性转换：bore (v. 使厌烦)， boring (adj. 无聊的)， boredom (n. 无聊)
常见搭配：be/get bored with... (对……感到厌烦)
例句：
The children were getting bored with the long car journey. (孩子们对漫长的汽车旅程感到厌烦了。)
辨析：bored (感到无聊的) 描述人的感受。boring (无聊的) 描述事物特性。This is a very boring book. (这是一本非常无聊的书。)
5. butterfly
词性：n. (名词)
词义：蝴蝶
常见搭配：have butterflies in one's stomach (紧张得心里七上八下)
例句：
The garden was full of colorful butterflies. (花园里满是彩色的蝴蝶。)
6. choose
词性：v. (动词)
词义：挑选，选择；决定
近义词：pick, select, decide
反义词：reject, refuse
词性转换：choice (n. 选择)， choosy (adj. 挑剔的)
常见搭配：choose between...and... (在……和……之间选择)， choose to do sth. (选择/决定做某事)
例句：
You can choose any book you like from the shelf. (你可以从书架上任意挑选一本你喜欢的书。)
He chose to study abroad after graduation. (他决定毕业后出国留学。)
7. couch
词性：n. (名词)
词义：长沙发
近义词：sofa
常见搭配：couch potato (老泡在电视机前的人，电视迷)
例句：
They were sitting on the couch watching TV. (他们正坐在沙发上看电视。)
Don't be a couch potato; go out and get some exercise! (别当电视迷了，出去锻炼锻炼！)
8. daily
词性：adj. (形容词) & adv. (副词) & n. (名词)
词义：adj. 每日的，每天的 adv. 每日 n. 日报
近义词：adj. everyday; n. newspaper
反义词：weekly (每周的)
词性转换：day (n. 天)
常见搭配：daily life (日常生活)， daily newspaper (日报)
例句：
Exercise is part of my daily routine. (锻炼是我日常生活的一部分。)
He reads the China Daily every morning. (他每天早上都读《中国日报》。)
9. deaf
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：耳聋的，失聪的；不愿听的
近义词：hard of hearing
反义词：hearing
词性转换：deafen (v. 使聋)， deafness (n. 耳聋)
常见搭配：be deaf to sth (对某事充耳不闻，不愿听取)， deaf and dumb (聋哑的)
例句：
She is deaf in one ear. (她一只耳朵失聪。)
He was deaf to all our warnings. (他对我们所有的警告都充耳不闻。)
10. dull
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：愚笨的，迟钝的；乏味的，无聊的；阴沉的
近义词：stupid, boring, gloomy
反义词：bright, clever; interesting; sunny
词性转换：dullness (n. 迟钝；乏味)
常见搭配：a dull student (愚钝的学生)， dull weather (阴沉的天气)
例句：
The lecture was so dull that I almost fell asleep. (这个讲座太乏味了，我差点睡着。)
It was a dull, cloudy day. (那天阴云密布，天色灰暗。)
11. feeling
词性：n. (名词)
词义：感觉；感情；预感
近义词：emotion, sense, impression
反义词：numbness (麻木)
词性转换：feel (v. 感觉)， feeler (n. 触角；试探者)
常见搭配：hurt sb's feelings (伤害某人的感情)， have a feeling that... (有种预感……)
例句：
I have a feeling that something good is going to happen. (我有种预感，好事要发生了。)
It's important to express your feelings. (表达自己的感受很重要。)
12. form
词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词)
词义：n. 形式，方式；表格；形状 v. 形成；组成；建立
近义词：n. shape, type, way; v. make, create, establish
反义词：v. destroy, break
词性转换：formation (n. 形成)， formal (adj. 正式的)
常见搭配：in the form of... (以……的形式)， fill in a form (填表)， form a habit (养成习惯)
例句：
Water can take the form of ice, liquid, or steam. (水可以呈现冰、液体或蒸汽的形式。)
Please fill out this application form. (请填写这张申请表。)
They formed a new study group. (他们成立了一个新的学习小组。)
13. fresh
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：新鲜的；清新的；新的
近义词：new, cool, recently made
反义词：stale (不新鲜的)， old, tired
词性转换：freshen (v. 使新鲜)， freshness (n. 新鲜)
常见搭配：fresh air (新鲜空气)， fresh fruit (新鲜水果)， a fresh start (新的开始)
例句：
We need to buy some fresh vegetables for dinner. (我们需要买些新鲜蔬菜做晚饭。)
Open the window and let in some fresh air. (打开窗户，让新鲜空气进来。)
14. funny
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：使人发笑的，有趣的；滑稽的；奇怪的
近义词：humorous, amusing, strange
反义词：serious, boring
词性转换：funnily (adv. 滑稽地)， fun (n. 乐趣)
常见搭配：funny story (好笑的故事)， That's funny. (真奇怪。/真好笑。)
例句：
He told us a very funny joke. (他给我们讲了一个非常有趣的笑话。)
There's a funny smell in the kitchen. (厨房里有股怪味。)
15. hike
词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词)
词义：v. （在……）徒步旅行，远足 n. 远足；徒步旅行
近义词：v. trek, walk; n. walking trip
词性转换：hiker (n. 徒步旅行者)
常见搭配：go hiking (去徒步旅行)， a ten-mile hike (十英里的徒步)
例句：
We plan to go hiking in the mountains this weekend. (我们计划这周末去山里徒步旅行。)
The hike to the waterfall was tiring but beautiful. (去瀑布的徒步旅行很累人，但风景很美。)
16. housework
词性：n. (名词)
词义：家务（劳动）
近义词：chores, domestic work
常见搭配：do the housework (做家务)
例句：
We share the housework in our family. (在我们家，家务是分担的。)
17. imagine
词性：v. (动词)
词义：想象；设想；料想
近义词：picture, think, suppose
反义词：know (知道)
词性转换：imagination (n. 想象力)， imaginary (adj. 想象的)， imaginative (adj. 富有想象力的)
常见搭配：imagine (doing) sth. (想象（做）某事)
例句：
Can you imagine living on the moon (你能想象住在月球上吗？)
I can't imagine why he did that. (我想象不出他为什么那样做。)
18. insect
词性：n. (名词)
词义：昆虫
近义词：bug
词性转换：insecticide (n. 杀虫剂)
常见搭配：insect bite (昆虫叮咬)
例句：
Bees and ants are both insects. (蜜蜂和蚂蚁都是昆虫。)
19. interest
词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词)
词义：n. 兴趣；爱好；利息 v. 使感兴趣
近义词：n. hobby, attention; v. attract, engage
反义词：n. boredom; v. bore
词性转换：interested (adj. 感兴趣的)， interesting (adj. 有趣的)
常见搭配：take/have an interest in... (对……感兴趣)， places of interest (名胜古迹)
例句：
She has a great interest in painting. (她对绘画有浓厚的兴趣。)
This book might interest you. (这本书可能会引起你的兴趣。)
20. invite
词性：v. (动词)
词义：邀请；招致（尤指坏事）
近义词：ask, welcome (to an event)
反义词：exclude, reject
词性转换：invitation (n. 邀请)， inviting (adj. 诱人的)
常见搭配：invite sb. to (do) sth. (邀请某人（做）某事)
例句：
They invited us to their wedding. (他们邀请我们参加他们的婚礼。)
Leaving your car unlocked is just inviting trouble. (不锁车简直是自找麻烦。)
21. jog
词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词)
词义：v. 慢跑；轻推 n. 慢跑
近义词：v. run slowly; n. slow run
反义词：sprint (冲刺跑)
词性转换：jogger (n. 慢跑者)， jogging (n. 慢跑运动)
常见搭配：go jogging (去慢跑)， jog one's memory (唤起某人的记忆)
例句：
My father goes jogging in the park every morning. (我父亲每天早上都去公园慢跑。)
This photo might jog your memory. (这张照片可能会唤起你的记忆。)
22. large
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：巨大的；大规模的；大量的
近义词：big, huge, great
反义词：small, little, tiny
词性转换：largely (adv. 主要地)， enlarge (v. 扩大)
常见搭配：a large number of... (大量的……)， at large (在逃的；总体而言)
例句：
They live in a large house with a garden. (他们住在一所有花园的大房子里。)
A large number of people attended the concert. (许多人出席了音乐会。)
23. lift
词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词)
词义：v. 提起，抬起；使（情况）改善；使（某人）更快乐 n. 电梯；搭便车
近义词：v. raise, pick up, improve; n. elevator, ride
反义词：v. drop, lower; depress (使沮丧)
词性转换：-
常见搭配：lift sb's spirits (使某人开心起来)， give sb. a lift (让某人搭便车；鼓舞某人)
例句：
Can you help me lift this heavy box (你能帮我抬起这个重箱子吗？)
The good news really lifted our spirits. (这个好消息真的让我们精神振奋。)
I'll give you a lift to the station. (我可以开车送你去车站。)
24. list
词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词)
词义：n. 名单，清单，目录 v. 列出；列举
近义词：n. catalog, roll; v. write down, itemize
常见搭配：shopping list (购物清单)， make a list (列清单)
例句：
I need to make a list of things to buy at the supermarket. (我需要列一个去超市要买的东西的清单。)
The book lists all the winners. (这本书列出了所有获奖者。)
25. magazine
词性：n. (名词)
词义：杂志，期刊
近义词：journal, periodical
常见搭配：fashion magazine (时尚杂志)， monthly magazine (月刊)
例句：
I read an interesting article in a science magazine. (我在一本科学杂志上读到一篇有趣的文章。)
26. media
词性：n. (名词)
词义：媒体；传媒 (medium 的复数)
近义词：press, news
词性转换：medium (n. 媒介；手段)
常见搭配：mass media (大众传媒)， social media (社交媒体)
例句：
The story was widely reported in the media. (这件事被媒体广泛报道。)
27. might
词性：modal v. (情态动词)
词义：也许，可能，大概 (may 的过去式，表示可能性更小或更委婉)；可以 (用于请求)
近义词：may, could, perhaps
反义词：must not (不准)， cannot (不可能)
常见搭配：might as well (不妨)， might have done (可能已经做了，表示对过去的推测)
例句：
It might rain later, so take an umbrella. (一会儿可能会下雨，所以带把伞吧。)
Might I ask you a question (我可以问你一个问题吗？) （更正式、更礼貌）
28. moment
词性：n. (名词)
词义：某一时刻；片刻，瞬间
近义词：instant, minute, point in time
反义词：eternity (永恒)
词性转换：momentary (adj. 瞬间的)
常见搭配：at the moment (此刻，现在)， wait a moment (等一下)， the moment (that)…… (一……就……)
例句：
I'm busy at the moment. Can I call you back (我现在正忙。我能给你回电话吗？)
I'll be with you in a moment. (我马上就来。)
29. monster
词性：n. (名词)
词义：妖怪；怪兽，怪物；恶人
近义词：beast, creature, villain
反义词：angel, hero
词性转换：monstrous (adj. monstrous的)
常见搭配：sea monster (海怪)
例句：
The children were scared of the monster in the story. (孩子们害怕故事里的怪物。)
30. mosquito
词性：n. (名词)
词义：蚊子
常见搭配：mosquito bite (蚊子包)， mosquito net (蚊帐)
例句：
The mosquitoes here are terrible in summer. (这里的夏天蚊子很厉害。)
31. neck
词性：n. (名词)
词义：颈，脖子；（衣服的）领口
词性转换：necklace (n. 项链)
常见搭配：neck and neck (并驾齐驱，不分上下)， stiff neck (脖子僵硬)
例句：
She wore a beautiful scarf around her neck. (她脖子上围着一条漂亮的围巾。)
The two runners were neck and neck towards the finish line. (两名跑步选手向终点线冲刺时不分上下。)
32. notice
词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词)
词义：v. 看到；听到；感觉到；注意到 n. 通知；布告；注意
近义词：v. see, observe, realize; n. announcement, attention
反义词：v. ignore, overlook; n. ignorance
词性转换：noticeable (adj. 显而易见的)
常见搭配：take notice of... (注意到……)， without notice (未经通知)
例句：
Did you notice that she was wearing a new dress (你注意到她穿了一条新裙子吗？)
The company put up a notice about the meeting. (公司张贴了会议通知。)
33. novel
词性：n. (名词) & adj. (形容词)
词义：n. （长篇）小说 adj. 新颖的，新奇的
近义词：n. book, story; adj. new, original
反义词：adj. old, traditional
词性转换：novelist (n. 小说家)， novelty (n. 新奇的事物)
常见搭配：detective novel (侦探小说)
例句：
She is reading a novel by Charles Dickens. (她正在读一本查尔斯·狄更斯的小说。)
He came up with a novel idea to solve the problem. (他想出了一个解决这个问题的新奇主意。)
34. number
词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词)
词义：n. 数目；数量；数字；号码 v. 标号；总计
近义词：n. figure, amount, quantity; v. count
反义词：-
词性转换：numerous (adj. 许多的)
常见搭配：a number of (一些，若干)， telephone number (电话号码)
例句：
A number of students have already finished their homework. (一些学生已经完成了作业。)
What's your room number (你的房间号是多少？)
35. ours
词性：pron. (代词)
词义：（属于）我们的（名词性物主代词）
词性转换：our (adj. 我们的)
常见搭配：a friend of ours (我们的一个朋友)
例句：
This car is ours. (这辆车是我们的。)
That house over there is similar to ours. (那边那所房子和我们家的很像。)
36. prince
词性：n. (名词)
词义：王子；亲王
近义词：royal
反义词：princess (公主)
词性转换：princely (adj. 王子的；慷慨的)
常见搭配：Crown Prince (王储)
例句：
The prince will become king one day. (王子总有一天会成为国王。)
37. screen
词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词)
词义：n. 屏幕；荧幕；屏风 v. 放映；筛选；遮挡
近义词：n. monitor, display; v. show, filter
常见搭配：computer screen (电脑屏幕)， on screen (在荧幕上)， screen door (纱门)
例句：
Don't sit too close to the TV screen. (不要坐得离电视屏幕太近。)
The movie will be screened next week. (这部电影将于下周放映。)
38. set
词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词) & adj. (形容词)
词义：v. 放，置；确立，设定；安排 n. 一套，一组；装置 adj. 固定的；准备好的
近义词：v. place, put, establish; n. collection, kit
反义词：v. remove, change
词性转换：setting (n. 环境；设定)
常见搭配：set a goal/record/example (确立目标/创纪录/树立榜样)， TV set (电视机)， a set of keys (一串钥匙)， be set to do sth. (准备好做某事)
例句：
She set the vase on the table. (她把花瓶放在桌子上。)
He set a new world record. (他创造了一项新的世界纪录。)
Are you all set for the trip (你们都准备好去旅行了吗？)
39. social
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：社交的；社会的；群居的
近义词：public, communal
反义词：antisocial, solitary (独居的)
词性转换：society (n. 社会)， sociable (adj. 好交际的)
常见搭配：social media (社交媒体)， social life (社交生活)， social skills (社交技巧)
例句：
She has a very active social life. (她的社交生活非常活跃。)
Bees are social insects. (蜜蜂是群居昆虫。)
40. solar
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：太阳的；利用太阳能的
近义词：sun
反义词：lunar (月亮的)
词性转换：sun (n. 太阳)
常见搭配：solar energy/power (太阳能)， solar system (太阳系)
例句：
Many houses now have solar panels on the roof. (现在很多房子屋顶都装有太阳能板。)
41. sore
词性：adj. (形容词) & n. (名词)
词义：adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的；恼火的 n. 痛处；疮
近义词：adj. painful, aching; angry
反义词：adj. painless
常见搭配：sore throat (喉咙痛)， feel sore (感到酸痛/生气)
例句：
I have a sore throat and a cough. (我喉咙痛，还咳嗽。)
My muscles are sore after the workout. (锻炼后我的肌肉酸痛。)
42. tennis
词性：n. (名词)
词义：网球（运动）
词性转换：tennis player (网球运动员)
常见搭配：play tennis (打网球)， table tennis (乒乓球)
例句：
Let's go and play tennis this afternoon. (我们今天下午去打网球吧。)
43. tool
词性：n. (名词)
词义：工具；用具；手段
近义词：instrument, device, means
常见搭配：garden tools (园艺工具)， a useful tool for learning (有用的学习工具)
例句：
A hammer is a basic tool for a carpenter. (锤子是木匠的基本工具。)
The internet is a powerful tool for research. (互联网是强大的研究工具。)
44. unforgettable
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：难以忘怀的，令人难忘的
近义词：memorable, impressive
反义词：forgettable, ordinary
词性转换：forget (v. 忘记)， forgettable (adj. 易被忘记的)
常见搭配：an unforgettable experience (一次难忘的经历)
例句：
We had an unforgettable holiday in Spain. (我们在西班牙度过了一个难忘的假期。)
45. youthful
词性：adj. (形容词)
词义：年轻的；有朝气的
近义词：young, energetic
反义词：old, aged
词性转换：youth (n. 青年时期；年轻人)
常见搭配：youthful appearance (年轻的外貌)， youthful energy (青春的活力)
例句：
She has a youthful spirit and is always full of ideas. (她心态年轻，总是充满想法。)

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