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Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单词讲解表 (人教版八下)
单词 / 音标 / 词义 核心搭配 重点考点 经典例句 (源自课本)
temper
/ temp (r)/
n. 脾气；怒气 lose one's temper 发脾气
bad temper 坏脾气 1. 单元标题 Nature's Temper 运用了拟人手法，指大自然的“脾气”（自然灾害）。 Unit 5 Nature's Temper
earthquake
/ θkwe k/
n. 地震 a big earthquake 大地震 1. 构词：earth (地) + quake (震动)。
2. 动词搭配：happen / occur / hit。 That was a big earthquake!
typhoon
/ta fu n/
n. 台风 typhoon hit 台风袭击 1. 复数：typhoons。
2. 动词常搭配 hit。 When the typhoon hit, the boy's family were at home.
wildfire
/ wa ldfa (r)/
n. 野火 spread like wildfire 像野火一样蔓延 1. 构词：wild (野外的) + fire (火)。 Match the natural disasters... wildfire.
snowstorm
/ sn st m/
n. 暴风雪；暴风雪 heavy snowstorm 大暴风雪 1. 构词：snow (雪) + storm (风暴)。 Wasn't the snowstorm last weekend terrible
flood
/fl d/
n. 水灾；洪水
v. 泛滥；淹没 heavy flood 严重的水灾
be flooded 被淹没 1. 既作名词也作动词。
2. 过去式/分词：flooded。 I heard about the flood in your town.
drought
/dra t/
n. 久旱；旱灾 severe drought 严重干旱 1. 发音注意：ough 发 /a /，gh 不发音。 Match the natural disasters... drought.
warn
/w n/
v. 警告；提醒注意 warn sb about sth 警告某人某事
warn sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 1. 名词：warning (警告)。 Our neighbour warned us about it in time.
do chores
phrase 做家务 do housework (同义) 1. chore 指日常琐事、杂务。 Jiaming was doing chores.
wave
/we v/
n. 波浪；波
v. 挥手；挥舞 huge waves 巨浪
wave to sb 向某人挥手 1. 一词多义：文中指海浪。 Sometimes there are tall waves.
tsunami
/tsu nɑ mi/
n. 海啸 cause tsunamis 引发海啸 1. 源自日语，t 不发音或轻读。 Typhoons cause tsunamis to happen in some places.
interview
/ nt vju /
n. & v. 采访；面试 job interview 求职面试
do an interview 进行采访 1. 指记者采访或求职面试。 When did the interviews take place
possibly
/ p s bli/
adv. 可能；或许 could possibly... 可能... 1. 形容词：possible。
2. 构词：possible 去 e 加 y。 Where did the interviews possibly take place
report
/r p t/
n. & v. 汇报；报道 weather report 天气预报
report sth to sb 向某人汇报某事 1. 派生词：reporter (记者)。 What are the topics of the ... weather report
neighbourhood
/ ne b h d/
n. 街区；临近的地方 in the neighbourhood 在附近 1. 美式拼写：neighborhood。
2. 构词：neighbour (邻居) + hood。 After the typhoon, they helped to clean up the neighbourhood.
roof
/ru f/
n. 屋顶；顶部 on the roof 在屋顶上 1. 复数：roofs。 The roof nearly came off!
nearly
/ n li/
adv. 几乎；差不多；将近 nearly fell 差点摔倒 1. 同义词：almost。 The roof nearly came off!
trouble
/ tr bl/
n. & v. 苦恼；困难；麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
in trouble 处于麻烦中 1. 重点句型：have trouble doing sth。 Did you have any trouble during the typhoon
relative
/ rel t v/
n. 亲戚；亲属 visit relatives 走亲戚 1. 动词：relate (联系)。 We were driving home from our relatives' house.
truck
/tr k/
n. 卡车 heavy truck 重型卡车 1. 差不多撞到：nearly hit。 We almost got into an accident when a truck nearly hit us.
supply
/s pla /
n. 供给(量)；(pl.) 补给品
v. 供应；供给 food supplies 食物补给
supply sb with sth 提供某人某物 1. 复数：supplies (y变i加es)。 My parents packed the supplies.
preparation
/ prep re n/
n. 准备(工作)；预备 make preparations 做准备 1. 动词：prepare (prepare for)。 Did your family make any preparations before the typhoon landed
power
/ pa (r)/
n. 电力供应；能量；力量 power went out 停电
nuclear power 核能 1. 语境：自然灾害中常指“电力”。 The power went out.
soundly
/ sa ndli/
adv. (睡觉)酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地 sleep soundly 睡得香 1. 形容词：sound (健康的；完好的)。
2. 习语：safe and sound (安然无恙)。 I slept soundly.
thick
/θ k/
adj. 厚的；浓密的 thick clouds 浓云
thick snow 厚雪 1. 反义词：thin (薄的)。 When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky.
beat
/bi t/
v. (beat, beaten) 敲；打；心脏跳动 beat against 拍打...
beat the drum 击鼓 1. 不规则动词：beat - beat - beaten。
2. 语境：雨水拍打屋顶。 The rain beating against their roof.
hide
/ha d/
v. (hid, hidden) 躲藏；隐蔽 hide from 躲避...
hide-and-seek 捉迷藏 1. 不规则动词：hid - hidden。
2. 现在分词：hiding (去e加ing)。 Hiding from an angry lion.
tornado
/t ne d /
n. 龙卷风；旋风 a tornado hit 龙卷风袭击 1. 复数：tornadoes 或 tornados。 The tornado was scary.
worst
/w st/
adj. & adv. 最坏(的)；最糟(的) prepare for the worst 做最坏的打算 1. bad / ill / badly 的最高级。 What is the worst natural disaster you know of
schoolgirl
/ sku lɡ l/
n. (学校的)女生 English schoolgirl 英国女学生 1. 合成词：school + girl。 Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old English schoolgirl.
froth
/fr θ/
n. 泡；泡沫 white froth 白沫 1. 描写海啸前的征兆。 Thick white froth was forming on top of the waves.
refuse
/r fju z/
v. 拒绝；退却 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 1. 反义词：accept (接受)。
2. 注意搭配不定式 to do。 Tilly refused to take a single step further.
security
/s kj r ti/
n. 安全；保障 security guard 保安 1. 形容词：secure (安全的)。 Tilly's father told a security guard.
guard
/ɡɑ d/
n. 卫兵；保卫 v. 保卫 security guard 保安人员 1. 职业名词。 Tilly's father told a security guard about the tsunami.
security guard
n. phrase 保安人员 tell the security guard 1. 组合词。 The security guard was shocked.
nearby
/ n ba /
adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近 nearby places 附近的地方 1. 作形容词修饰名词。 Huge earthquake in nearby Indonesia.
scream
/skri m/
v. 尖叫 scream with fear 恐惧地尖叫 1. 表示极度恐惧或兴奋。 People were screaming and running as fast as they could.
thankfully
/ θ kf li/
adv. 幸亏；感激地 Thankfully, ... 幸好... 1. 形容词：thankful。
2. 常置于句首作状语。 But thankfully, her family made it to safety. [11]
knowledge
/ n l d /
n. 知识；学问 general knowledge 常识 1. 不可数名词。
2. 动词：know。 Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking. [11]
thinking
/ θ k /
n. 思考；想法 quick thinking 敏捷的思维 1. 动词 think 的名词形式。 Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking. [11]
except for
phrase 除...之外 everyone except for me 1. 表示“除去...不计”。 ...went back to the hotel, except for her mother. [11]
as soon as
conj. 一...就... as soon as possible 尽快 1. 引导时间状语从句。 Tilly's father believed her as soon as she told her family. [11]
hero
/ h r /
n. (pl. heroes) 英雄；男主角；偶像 national hero 民族英雄 1. 复数：heroes (加es)。 Do you think Tilly Smith was a hero [11]
landslide
/ l ndsla d/
n. (山坡或悬崖的)滑坡；塌方 mudslide (泥石流) 1. 构词：land (地) + slide (滑)。 There was a landslide along our usual road. [12]
safeguard
/ se fɡɑ d/
v. 保护；捍卫 n. 安全设施 safeguard against 保护...免受 1. 构词：safe + guard。 Complete the sentences using... safeguard. [13]
floodwater
/ fl dw t (r)/
n. 洪水 rising floodwater 上涨的洪水 1. 构词：flood + water。 Complete the sentences using... floodwater. [13]
manpower
/ m npa (r)/
n. 劳动力；人力 need manpower 需要人力 1. 构词：man + power。 The rescue workers need more manpower to clear the streets. [13]
heartbeat
/ hɑ tbi t/
n. 心跳(声) listen to the heartbeat 听心跳 1. 构词：heart + beat。 The doctor listened to the man's heartbeat carefully. [13]
rescue
/ reskju /
n. & v. 救援；营救 rescue workers 救援人员
come to the rescue 来救援 1. 搭配：rescue sb from... 从...解救某人。 The rescue workers need more manpower. [13]
heatwave
/ hi twe v/
n. 热浪 a great heatwave 巨大的热浪 1. 指持续的高温天气。 China experienced a great heatwave. [13]
since
/s ns/
prep. & conj. 自...以后；从...以来；既然 since 1961 自1961年以来 1. 考点：常与现在完成时连用。 The worst since 1961. [13]
southwestern
/ sa θ west n/
adj. 西南的；西南方向的 southwestern city 西南城市 1. 构词：south + west + ern。 The southwestern city of Chongqing. [13]
firefighter
/ fa fa t (r)/
n. 消防队员 volunteer firefighters 志愿消防员 1. 构词：fire (火) + fighter (战士)。 Over 5,000 firefighters... worked together. [13]
volunteer
/ v l n t (r)/
n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做；义务做 work as a volunteer 做志愿者 1. 既指人也指动作。 Police, and volunteers all worked together. [13]
terribly
/ ter bli/
adv. 非常糟糕地；非常 start terribly 开始得很糟糕 1. 形容词：terrible (糟糕的)。 Last Friday started terribly. [12]
alarm
/ lɑ m/
n. 警报(器)；惊恐 alarm clock 闹钟
fire alarm 火警 1. 常用 alarm clock。 My alarm clock didn't go off. [12]
alarm clock
n. phrase 闹钟 set the alarm clock 1. 组合词。 My alarm clock didn't go off. [12]
wake up
phrase 醒来 wake sb up 叫醒某人 1. 过去式：woke up。 I woke up late. [12]
go off
phrase (警报器等)突然发出巨响；爆炸 alarm goes off 闹钟响了 1. 语境：闹钟“响”用 go off。 My alarm clock didn't go off. [12]
review
/r vju /
n. & v. 复习；回顾；审查 review my notes 复习笔记 1. 同义词：go over。 I was reviewing my notes. [12]
sudden
/ s dn/
adj. 突然的；骤然的 all of a sudden 突然 1. 副词：suddenly。 All of a sudden... [12]
all of a sudden
phrase 突然；猛地 = suddenly 1. 常用习语。 All of a sudden, thunder rolled across the sky. [12]
thunder
/ θ nd (r)/
n. 雷；雷声 v. 打雷 thunder and lightning 雷电 1. 不可数名词。 Thunder rolled across the sky. [12]
by the time
phrase 到...的时候 by the time + 句子 1. 引导时间状语从句，主句常涉及完成时或特定过去状态。 By the time the bus came, I was cold and wet. [12]
usual
/ ju u l/
adj. 通常的；寻常的 as usual 像往常一样
usual road 往常的路 1. 副词：usually。 There was a landslide along our usual road. [12]
out of breath
phrase 上气不接下气 be out of breath 1. breath 是名词，breathe 是动词。 When I finally reached my classroom, out of breath... [12]
rainstorm
/ re nst m/
n. 暴风雨 heavy rainstorm 1. 构词：rain + storm。 Many others were also late because of the rainstorm. [12]

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